Chapter 8: Human Resources, Culture, and

Diversity

By Terry TossmanGrant Bimstefer

Matt King

Workforce- Made up of all people 16 years or older are employed and looking for a job, includes more than 140 million people The business world consists of hundreds of

thousands of companies Bureau of Labor Statistics researches

thousands of different jobs

Human Resources Basics

The Occupational Outlook Handbook offers up-to-

date information about the U.S. workforce There are two major types of industries analyzed

in the handbook1. Service-producing industries which include

businesses that perform services the need of other businesses and consumers

2. Goods-producing industries which include business that produce or manufacture products used by other businesses or purchased by final producers

Occupational Outlook Handbook

Occupations are affected by industry trends and current developments in certain types of businessOccupations are also referred to in terms of two very broad types of workers: Blue-Collar- Great deal of manual work White-Collar- More mental than physical work

Occupations

Consumer Preferences Business Cycles New Technologies Business Competition1. Downsizing- Planned reduction in the number

of employees needed in a firm to reduce cost2. Outsourcing- Removes work from one

company and sends it to another company to complete it at a lower cost

Influences on the Workforce

The people who work for a business, includes management and employees, full time and part time workersSome of the major goals of HR is:1. Identify the personnel needs of the company2. Match abilities and interests with specific jobs3. Protect the health and well-being of

employees

Human Resources

Planning and staffing which are directed at identifying and filling all of the jobs in the company with qualified peoplePerformance Management involves evaluating the work of employees and improving performance through training and developmentCompensation and Benefits is responsible for planning and managing payroll, and personnel recordsEmployee Relations is responsible for maintaining a safe, healthy, and productive work environment

Human Resources Activities

The US workforce is made up of how many people?A. 80 millionB. 100 millionC. 190 millionD. 140 million

D. 140 million

Person whose work is more mental than physical is considered…?A. Service EmployeeB. Human Resource ManagerC. Blue-Collar WorkerD. White-Collar Worker

C. Blue Collar Worker

Human Resources management ensures

that needed employees are available, productive, paid, and satisfied with their work.

This will result in a profitable, and successful business.

Once an employee is hired, the person’s salary must be paid whether the company is profitable or not.

8-2 Managing Human Resources

The company must decide whether this

employee will be permanent or temporary. Permanent employees are employees

whom the company makes a long term commitment with.

It is expected that the employee will work there as long as the business is profitable and employee’s performance is satisfactory

Classifying employees

Temporary employees are employees who

are hired for a specific time or to complete a specific task.

Full time employees regularly work schedules of 30 hours or more a week

Part time employees have shorter work schedules with either few hours each day or fewer days a week

Classifying Employees continued

Job analysis is a specific study of a job to

identify in detail the job duties and skill requirements.

First human resources staff reviews the current job in detail, like skills and knowledge needed. Then they plan any new activities planned for the new analysis and whether the employee is temporary. Permanent, part-time, or full time

Determining job requirements

Application process The application process gathers personal

information, information on education, and work experience history about the future employee.

for career level jobs The applicant may be asked to submit an application letter and a resume.

Recruiting and hiring

The final step in the hiring process is to help

the new employee get a good start in the company.

As a part of this orientation the new employee must meet with human resources specialists to complete all paperwork needed to receive pay and benefits. In return the company will have a complete employee record.

New employee orientation

Compensation is the amount of money paid

to an employee for work performed Compensation is made up of two parts Salary and wages which are direct

payments of money to an employee for work completed.

Benefits are compensations in forms other than direct payment

Benefits are things like vacations, and health programs

Compensation and benefits

Time wage pays the employee a specific

amount of money for each hour worked Specific salary pays a specific amount of

money for each week or month worked neither of these types of compensation are

based on the amount or quality of work done, but by the amount of time spent on a job.

Incentive system connect the amount of compensation to quality or quantity of an employee's performance

Compensation methods

Commission is when an employee is paid a

percentage of sales for which he or she is responsible

Piece of rate when an employee receives a specific amount for each unit of work produced

Base plus incentive is when a system combines a wage or salary with an additional amount based on the employee’s performance.

Compensation methods

On average business’s have an additional 20

to 40% of an employee’s wages is spent on benefits

If an employee earns $7.00 an hour, 30% added for benefits increases the hourly cost to $9.10

Work 40 hours a week for 50 weeks, the additional cost to the company is $4,200

Cafeteria plan allocates a certain amount of money to each employee that can be spent on benefits

Employee benefits

Evaluation process is when people go in and

see what the company needs to improve on. Managers are given forms to complete.

Evolution conference after the manager completes the evaluation form, a conference is scheduled with the employee. The purpose is to review and discuss the results of the evaluation and to plan for any needed performance improvement.

Employee evaluation

Promotion is the advancement of an

employee to a position with greater responsibility

Transfer is the assignment of an employee to another job in the company with similar level of responsibility

Termination ends the employment relationship between a company and an employee.

Promotions, transfers, and terminations

An employee to whom a company makes

long- term commitment is considered to be…..

8-2 Questions

Permanent

Answer

On average, the percentage of

employees’ wages spent on benefits is…..

Question

20-40%

Answer

Organizational Culture- The environment in

which people work, made up of atmosphere, behaviors, beliefs, and relationships. Shows people how they will be treated and how

they are expected to treat others

Organizational Culture and

Workforce Diversity

The physical conditions and the psychological

atmosphere in which employees work Physical conditions are work area, offices, break

rooms, storage areas, and all other spaces where employees spend their time while at work

Work Environment

Personal Time- a few hours each month that

can be scheduled for non- job activities Family Leave- Allow employees to take a leave

of absence for the birth or adoption of a child Flextime- allows employees some choice in

how their work days and work hours are arranged

Job Sharing- Offers one job to two people Flexplace- employees can work from home

Work Life Relationships

Labor Union- An organized group of employees

who negotiate with employers about issues, such as wages and working conditions

Only 15% of workers are unionized Police, government, construction, and

transportation workers are most likely to unionize

Labor Unions

Diversity- Comprehension inclusion of people

with differences in personal characteristics and attributes

Diversity allows prospective employees and managers are drawn from broadest possible pool.

The company will have a broader base of knowledge and understanding when making decisions

Prospective customers will have a more positive image of the company

Diversity Benefits

The company will be better at serving diverse

markets Global business strategies will improve Each employee will have the opportunity to

develop to their full ability

Benefits Cont.

Develop a written commitment to diversity Have the full support of top executives Review evidence of diversity in the company Update policies and procedures Provide continuing diversity education Recognize and celebrate diversity

Developing diversity

True or False:

There are greater numbers of both younger and older employees in the workforce today than in the past

QUIZ!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

Cierto

Some employees can complete part or all of

their work away from the business site under\ A. Flextime B. Flexplace C. Job Sharing D. Personal Time

B