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Byzantium Becomes the New Rome
SPLITS
• Capital = Constantinople
• Continued as the New
ROME
• Kings saw themselves to
still be considered ROMAN
emperors
Byzantine Empire
• Location picked for many reasons
– Far away from Germanic invaders
(barbarians)
– Close to connections with the East for
trade
– Protected by the Black Sea and other
water
– Easily able to defend it; could only
attack 1 way
Constantinople
Constantinople• Many famous
buildings still there
today
• Preserved Greco-
Roman culture
• Had an interesting set
up for the city
• Large walls and moats
protected it
Protective Walls of Constantinople• Walls were
used to keep invaders out or at least stall them
• Had three levels, and moats
• Archers could rain down arrows
Layout of Constantinople
Justinian• Justinian was a serious
emperor who worked
from dawn to midnight
• He helped rebuild and
re-conquer Rome
• Had ABSOLUTE
POWER = controlled
both government and
church
Byzantine Under Justinian
• He wanted a re-conquest of the
Roman territories that were lost
through Germanic invasions
Justinian’s Accomplishments• Sent Best general
Belisarius to take North
Africa from the Vandals
• 2 Years later Belisarius
took Rome back from
the Ostrogoths
• Justinian won back
nearly all the territory
Rome used to rule.
Justinian Code• Justinian set up a panel of legal
experts to look through 400 years of
Roman law.
–Some laws were outdated
–Justinian wanted to create a single,
uniform code
• This became known as the Justinian
Code that was used for 900 years
after his death
Justinian Expands Trade• The main street that
ran through
Constantinople was
called the MESE
which means
“Middle Way”
–It ran from the
imperial palace to
the outer walls
• There was a giant
open-air market
where shoppers
could buy
–Tin from England
–Wine from France
–Cork from Spain
–Ivory and gold from
Africa
Justinian Expands Trade
Byzantium Preserves Learning• Families valued education
–Sent children to
monastic or public
schools
–Hired private tutors
–Greek and Latin grammar,
philosophy and rhetoric
• They preserved Greek and
Roman great works
The Hagia Sophia• Justinians’ most splendid building
• Christian church later taken by the
Muslims
In 1054 A.D., the Orthodox Christian
Church officially split from the Roman
Catholic Church in the Great Schism