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M A T T C R E G O R S T A F F A T T O R N E Y
M E N T A L H E A L T H L E G A L A D V I S O R S C O M M I T T E E
N o r t h e a s t e r nN o v e m b e r 1 , 2 0 1 9
C2P: New School Discipline Data
Not Measuring Up: Discipline before 222
Key Findings:� 64% of out-of-school
suspensions were for “non-violent, non-criminal, non-drug related behavior”
� The greatest racial disparities in suspension were for this minor offense
Disciplinary Rates by Race: 2012-13
� Disparity between Black students and White students: slightly larger than national average.
� Disparity between Latino students and White students: double the national average.
Massachusetts: Chapter 222
Law establishes:¡ Greater due process protections
for parents to participate in disciplinary hearings, even for short-term suspensions.
¡ That schools exercise discretion in deciding consequences and try alternatives to suspension before imposing long-term suspensions
¡ Data collection on, and accountability for, disciplinary rates and disparities
¡ The right to make academic progress even during exclusionary discipline
Early Results
� Rates came down by every demographic in 2014-15 (race, gender, socioeconomic status, English learner status, disability status)
� Most significant reductions were for Black and Latino students
� But…
But…
� Progress has plateaued� Continued high rates at
charters and some traditional public schools
� Expected under-reporting of emergency removals
� Concern over unreported suspensions
MA Discipline Data: Strengths & Weaknesses
� Strengths:¡ Annual¡ By school and district¡ Disaggregated ¡ By offense¡ Includes “days lost to
discipline”
� Weaknesses:¡ Self-reported¡ Unreported suspensions¡ Not by grade level¡ Not cross-tabulated
What is Cross-Tabulation?
� Allows us to look at our students overlapping identities.
� Not just discipline rates:¡ By race¡ By gender¡ By disability, etc.
� But, discipline rates by race, gender, and disability� E.g., discipline rates of Black female students with
disabilities
What MA Data is Cross-Tabulable?
� The federal Every Student Succeeds Act requires Massachusetts to report cross-tabulable data for:¡ Attendance¡ Achievement, and¡ Graduation Rates
� MA H.B. 432 would require cross-tabulation for all major state education data collections
� As DESE moves to comply with ESSA’s requirements, it is cross-tabulating discipline data as well.
MA Discipline Rate by Demographic 17-18
00.010.020.030.040.050.060.070.080.09
All ELL SES SWD F M
Discipline Rate by Demographic
Discipline Rate byDemographicDiscipline Rate
00.010.020.030.040.050.060.070.080.09
All NA A B L Multi W
Discipline Rate by Race
Discipline Rate byRace Discipline Rate
MA Economically Disadvantaged Students w/ Disabilities
0
0.02
0.04
0.06
0.08
0.1
0.12
0.14
SWD, SES F, SWD, SES M, SWD, SES
Discipline Rate: SWD, SES, Gender
Discipline Per 100
MA Economically Disadvantaged Students w/ Disabilities by Race
0
0.02
0.04
0.06
0.08
0.1
0.12
0.14
0.16
SWD, SES W, SWD,SES
B, SWD,SES
L, SWD,SES
A, SWD,SES
NA, SWD,SES
Multi, SWD,SES
Discipline Rate: SWD, SES, Race
Discipline Rate: SWD, SES, Race Discipline Per100
MA Discipline Rates: Race, Gender & Disability
0.11
0.143
0.042
0.073
0.0899
0.127
0.018
0.028
0.073
0.109
0.066
0.111
0
0.02
0.04
0.06
0.08
0.1
0.12
0.14
0.16
B, M B, M,SWD
W, M W, M,SWD
L, M L, M,SWD
A, M A, M,SWD
NA, M NA, M,SWD
Multi,M
Multi,M,
SWD
Discipline Rates by Race, Gender, and Disability Rate
MA Discipline Rates: Race, Gender & Disability
0
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.07
0.08
0.09
0.1
B, F B, F,SWD
W, F W, F,SWD
L, F L, F,SWD
A, F A, F,SWD
NA, F NA, F,SWD
Multi, F Multi,F, SWD
Discipline Rates by Race, Gender, and Disability
Discipline Rates by Race, Gender, and Disability Rate
MA Discipline Rates: Race, Gender & Disability
0
0.02
0.04
0.06
0.08
0.1
0.12
0.14
0.16
B, M,SWD
L, M,SWD
Multi, M,SWD
NA, M,SWD
NA, F,SWD
B, F, SWD L, F, SWD W, M,SWD
Multi, F,SWD
Discipline Rates by Race, Gender, and Disability Rate
Discipline Rates by Race, Gender, andDisability Rate
Highlights(?) from Dan Losen’s 25%+ Club
� Traditional Districts:¡ Black Male Students with Disabilities in Framingham: 26%¡ Multi-Race, Econ. Disad. Male Students in Holyoke: 38%¡ Multi-Race, Male Students with Dis. in Pittsfield: 32%¡ Black Econ. Disad. Students in Plymouth: 28%¡ Multi-Race, Male Students with Dis. in Wareham: 44%¡ Multi-Race, Econ. Disad. with Dis. in Worcester: 27%
� Charter Schools:¡ Black Students with Disabilities at Bridge Boston: 30%¡ Latino Male Students with Disabilities at Brooke: 30%¡ Black Male English Learners at KIPP Lynn: 43%
What’s Next?
� What questions do you want answered with this data?
� How should we visualize this data?
Who is welcome in our schools?
