California  Plant  Families  Santa  Barbara  Botanic  Garden  

Mary  Carroll  

Vascular Plant

Cladogram

Flowering Plants

Monosulcate pollen (1 groove))

Tricolpate pollen (3 furrows, different orientation than monosulcate)

Platanaceae (flowers from Wikipedia) Flowers small, inconspicuous, hypogenous, regular, unisexual, receptacle short, smooth, hypogynous disk absent, perianth reduced, sepals number three to four, rarely eight, free or basally fused, shorter than the petals, triangular. Petals number three to four, rarely eight, truncated-spatulate or vestigial, scarious, frequently absent in the female flowers, male flowers with androecium haplostemonous, isostemonous, oppositisepal, with three to four, rarely eight, stamens, gynostemium short or vestigial, anthers basifixed, not versatile, dithecous, tetrasporangiate, elongated, connectivum apically widened, peltate, dehiscence along longitudinal valves; pistillidium sometimes present, female flowers with superior gynoecium carpels apocarpous in two or three whorls, imperfectly closed apically, surrounded by petals, linear stylodious, stigmas internal, decurrent in two ridges, more or less dry, two ovules per carpel but one nearly always aborts, orthotropous, bitegmic, crassinucellated, pendulous, apical to marginal placentation, three or four staminodes 3-4, no nectaries

 Ranunculaceae  

 herbaceous,    rarely  woody    

(and  then  a  vine)  

 Ranunculaceae  

 free  perianth  parts,  radial  

symmetry  in  most  

 Ranunculaceae  

 free  perianth  parts,    

radial  symmetry  in  most  

   

Ranunculaceae    

 free  perianth  parts,    bilateral  symmetry  in  very  few  

Ranunculaceae  sepals  some@mes  absent  

 

 Ranunculaceae  

 numerous  free  stamens  

Pis,ls  =  gynoecium  –>  3  op,ons  (unicarpellate,  apocarpous,  syncarpous)  

   

Ranunculaceae    

apocarpous    

Tricolpate pollen (3 furrows, different orientation than monosulcate)

Platanaceae (flowers from Wikipedia) Flowers small, inconspicuous, hypogenous, regular, unisexual, receptacle short, smooth, hypogynous disk absent, perianth reduced, sepals number three to four, rarely eight, free or basally fused, shorter than the petals, triangular. Petals number three to four, rarely eight, truncated-spatulate or vestigial, scarious, frequently absent in the female flowers, male flowers with androecium haplostemonous, isostemonous, oppositisepal, with three to four, rarely eight, stamens, gynostemium short or vestigial, anthers basifixed, not versatile, dithecous, tetrasporangiate, elongated, connectivum apically widened, peltate, dehiscence along longitudinal valves; pistillidium sometimes present, female flowers with superior gynoecium carpels, apocarpous in two or three whorls, imperfectly closed apically, surrounded by petals, linear stylodious, stigmas internal, decurrent in two ridges, more or less dry, two ovules per carpel but one nearly always aborts, orthotropous, bitegmic, crassinucellated, pendulous, apical to marginal placentation, three or four staminodes 3-4, no nectaries

 Poppy  Family  Papaveraceae  

 usually  

herbaceous,  rarely  woody  

 

Papaveraceae    

       

Papaveraceae  usually  half  the  #  sepals  as  petals    

(4  or  6  petals,  2  or  3  sepals)      

 Papaveraceae  

4  petals    

   

Papaveraceae  or  6  petals  

and  numerous  stamens    

 Papaveraceae  

syncarpous,  ovary  superior,  fruit  a  capsule  

   

Saxifragaceae  herbaceous,  with  palmate  leaves,  oFen  basal  

   

   

Saxifragaceae  inflorescence  with  reduced  leaves  

   

Saxifragaceae  receptacle  a  hypanthium  

Saxifragaceae  gen.  5  sepals,  5  petals,  5-­‐10  stamens  

Saxifragaceae  gen  2-­‐3  carpels  fused  at  base,  

ovary  superior  to  par@ally  inferior  

Grossulariaceae  

Always woody

Alternate palmate leaves

Currants without nodal spines

Gooseberries (usually) with nodal spines

Grossulariaceae  

4 – 5 sepals

4-5 petals (same

number as sepals)

4-5 stamens (same

number as sepals)

Grossulariaceae  

4 – 5 sepals

4-5 petals (same

number as sepals)

4-5 stamens (same

number as sepals)

Grossulariaceae  

Hypanthium – cup to tube

shaped

Grossulariaceae   Hypanthium – cup to tube-shaped

Grossulariaceae   Ovary inferior (pedicels often pendent)

The  Rose  Family  -­‐  Rosaceae  Herbaceous to woody Hypanthium (expanded

receptacle) 5 sepals, 5 petals – separate (free), radial symmetry Numerous stamens usually Ovary superior (unicarpellate, apocarpous) or inferior (syncarpous

Rosaceae  

Numerous stamens

Rosaceae  Hypanthium  

 Rosaceae  

Unicarpellate  =  ovary  superior,  one  ovary,  one  style,  one  s@gma,  one  

chamber    

Rosaceae  Apocarpous  =  ovaries  superior,  more  than  one  separate  carpel  per  flower  

 

 Rosaceae  

Syncarpous  =  more  than  one  fused  carpel  per  flower,  in  this  family,  ovary  always  

inferior