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KINGSTON, ONTARIO
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KINGSTON, CANADA.
SESSION 1866-67.
INCORPORATED BY ROYAL CHARTER.
KINGSTON:PRINTED FOR THE UNIVERSITY BY JOHN ROWLANDS.
1866.
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I. GOVESNING DEPARTMENT.
§)0iarlr of %,m\m.
Chairman—
T
he Honourable John Hamilton Kingston.Secretary-Treasurer—
W
illiam Ireland, Esq Kingston.
CLERICAL trustees.
Rev. Alexander Spence, H.D Ottawa.Rev. John Barclay, D.D Toronto.Rev. Kenneth Maclennan, B.A Whitby.Rev. John McMorine, D.D Ramsay.Rev. Alex. Mathieson, D.D Montreal.Rev. Archibald Walker Belleville.
Rev. George Bell, B.A ...Clifton.
Rev. Duncan Morrison, B.A Brockville.
Rev. Francis Nicol London.Rev. Hugh Urquhart, D.D Cornwall.Rev. William M. Inglis, M.A., F.R.S.E Kingston.The Principal, ex-officio Kingston.
LAY TRUSTEES.
James Croil, Esq Morrisburg.Hugh Allan, Esq Montreal.John Cameron, Esq Toronto.
John Paton, Esq Kingston.Archibald Barker, Esq Markham.Alexander Morris, M.A., D.C.L., M.P.P Perth.
George Davidson, Esq Kingston.
George L. Mowat, Esq Kingston.John Greenshields, Esq Montreal.Hon. John Hamilton, M.L.C Kingston.
Judge Logie Hamilton.Edward Malloch, Esq Ottawa.
Robert Cassels, Esq Toronto.
Alex. McLean, Esq Cornwall.
George Neilson, Esq Belleville.
Communications regarding matters belonging to the GoverningDepartment should be addressed to the Secretary to the Board of Trustees.
II. TEACHING DEPARTMENT.
PRINCIPAL—THE VERY REV. WILLIAM SNODGRASS, D.D.
I. Faculties of Theology and Arts.
President—
T
he Peincipal. Secretary—
P
eopessoe Mowat.Chairs. Profes.sors, Appointed
Divinity The Principal, Primarius Professor. . .August 3, 1864.
Oriental Languages, Biblical Criticismand Church History Rev. John B. Mowat, M.A August 5, 1857.
Mathematics and Natural Philosophy .Rev. James Williamson, LL.D Oct’r 26. 1842.Rhetoric, Logic, Mental and MoralPhilosophy Rev. John C. Murray Oct’r 9, 1862.
Natural History Robert Bell, C.E., F.G.S., F.C.S Feb’y 9, 1864.Classical Literature Rev. John H. Mackerras, M.A. April 27, 1866.
Lecturer
Modern History Joseph A. Allen, Esq April 27, 1866.
n. Faculty of Medicine.
President—
T
he Peincipal. Dean—
P
eopbssoe H. Yates.Secretary—
P
eopessoe Fowlee.Principles and Practice of Medicine.. Horatio Yates, M.D. June 20, 1855.Materia Medica and Pharmacy Fife Fowler, M.D., L.R.C.S.E June 20, 1855.Forensic and State Medicine John P. Litchfield, M.D June 20, 1855.Obstetrics and Diseases ofWomen andChildren Michael Lavell, M.D Nov’r 7, 1860.
Anatomy Roderick Kennedy, M.D., L.R.C.S.E. .April 15, 1862.Principles and Practice of Surgery— Octavius Yates, M.D April 15, 1862.Chemistry and Practical Chemistry. . .Robert Bell, C.E., F.G.S., F.C.S Feb’y 9, 1864.Institutes of Medicine Donald Maclean, M.D., L.R.C.S.E May 31, 1864.
Assistant Professor.
Anatomy Michael Sullivan, M.D.Demonstrator of Anatomy Richard A. Reeve, B.A., M.D.
Hospital Lecturers.
Clinical Medicine Horatio Yates, M.D.Clinical Surgery Donald Maclean, M.D., L.R.C.S.E.
Interim Professors,
in. Faculty of Law (not in operation.)
Dean—Hon. Alexandeb Campbell, M.L.C.
j James A. Henderson, D.C.L., Master in Chancery.IJudge George W. Draper, M.A.
HI. OTHER OFFICERS AND BOARDS.Registrar—Peopessoe Mueeat.
Secretary to Convocation ,
)
Senate, Library Curators, >Peopessoe Mueeat.and Observatory Board,
)
Members of Convocation.Trustees, The Principal, Professors, Lecturers, Tutors, Fellows, Graduates.
Observatory Board.
The Principal, Professor Williamson, Judge Burrowes.Director of the Observatory—Professor Williamson.Assistant Observer-Nathan Fellowes Dupuis, B.A.
Curators of the Library.
The Principal, Professor Williamson, Professor Mowat, Professor Fowler, Prof. HendersonLibrarian—Nathan Fellowes Dupuis, B.A.Curator of the Museum—Professor Bell.
Janitor—John Cormack.
Communications regarding matters in the Calendar should be addressed to ProfessorMowat or Professor Fowler, according as they refer to the Faculties of Arts and Theolosrvor the Faculty of Medicine.
BENEFACTIONS.
Colonial Committee, Church of Scotland, Annual Grant, £350 stg. $1726 67
Endowment of Ladies’ Association, Toronto, for AnnualScholarship or Bursary 800 00
Endowment of Ladies’ Association, Kingston, for AnnualScholarship or Bursary 1113 00
Donation by His Koyal Highness the Prince of Wales,invested as a Medal Fund 800 00
Bequest of the late John Mowat, Esq., for endowment of anAnnual Competition Scholarshiji
Annual Grant for Scholarship, by Hugh Allan, Esq., Montreal
Do. do. Hon. Alex. Campbell, Kingston
Do. do. John Watkins, Esq., Kingston
Do. . do. ' Edward H. Hardy, Esq., Kingston
Do. do. Presbytery of Kingston ..
Scholal'ship by Members of Board of Trustees
Faculty Scholarship
Two Scholarships 'by Congregation of St. Paul’s Church,Montreal
Kingston Prize
Toronto Prize
Montreal Prize
Church Agent’s Prize
800 00
50 00
80 00
80 00
50 00
60 00
40 00
65 00
120 00
50 00
40 00
40 00
25 00
For donations of Books to the Library, see under head of “ The Library.”
FOEM OF BEQUEST.
I,,residing at
,hereby give and bequeath
$ [or property of any kind] to the Trustees of Queen’s College at Kingston,
Canada West, to be applied by them in their capacity as Trustees to the Funds of
the College [or to the improvement of the Library or Museum, or to the
endowment of a Professorship, or to the foundation of a Scholarship or Prize.]
Witness my hand this day of,18
CALENDAR FOR 1866-67.
1SUNDAY.
1MONDAY.
1TUESDAY.
1wednes’y
1thuesd’y.
1FRIDAY.
§
OQ 1SUNDAY.
1MONDAY.
1TUESDAY.
'm
Q
'o03
WH 1
FRIDAY.
pH03
May. . 1 2 3 4 5 Kov .
.
1 2 3
6 7 8 9 10 11 12 4 5 6 7 8 9 1013 14 15 16 17 18 19 11 12 13 14 15 16 1720 21 22 23 24 25 26 18 19 20 21 22 23 2427 28 29 30 31 25 26 27 28 29 30
June. . 1 2 Deo. .
.
1
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 2 3 '4 5 6 7 8
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 9 10 11 12 13 14 1517 18 19 20 21 22 23 16 17 18 19 20 21 2221 25 26 27 28 29 30 23 24 25 26 27 28 29
30 31July. . 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Jan. .
.
1 2 3 4 5
8 9 10 11 12 13 14 6 7 8 9 10 11 1215 16 17 18 19 20 21 13 14 15 16 17 18 1922 23 24 25 26 27 28 20 21 22 23 24' 25 2629 30 31 27 28 29 30 31
Aug. .. 1 2 3 4 Feb. .
.
1 25 6 7 8 9 10 11 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
12 13 14 15 16 17 18 10 11 12 13 14 15 1619 20 21 22 23 24 25 17 18 19 20 21 22 2326 27: 28 29 30 31 24 25 26 27 28
Sep. .
.
1 March 1 22 3 4 5 6 7 8 3 4 5 6 7 8 99 10 11 12 13 14 15 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
16 17 18 19 20 21 22 17 18 19 20 21 22 2323 24 25 26 27 28 29 24 25 26 27 28 29 3030 31
Oct .
.
1 2 3 4 5 6 April . 1 2 3 4 5 67 8 9 10 11 12 13 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
14 15 16 17 18 19 20 14 15 16 17 18 19 2021 22 23 24 25 26 27 21 22 23 24 25 26 2728 29 30 31 28 29 30
29
7
13
3
4
8
15
16
7
8
9
12
6
7
10
15
20
21
7.
5
7
11
7
8
11
16
ACADEMIC YEAR 1866-67.
Grammar School Examinations—Spring Terms ends.
Meeting of Observatory Board of Visitors.
Grammar School Summer Term begins.
University Session in Arts and Medicine begins.
Matriculation Examinations in Faculty of Arts begin.
Competitive Examination for Mowat Scholarship.
Grammar School Autumn Term begins.
University day—no Classes—Registration and Enrolment, &c.
?
Theological Classes open—Matriculation Examinations.
Revision of Class Work in Arts.
First monthly written Examination in Arts.
Holiday in Arts.
Revision of Class Work in Faculties of Arts and Theology.
Written Examination in Arts and Theology.
Holiday in Faculties of Arts and Theology.
Matriculation Examinations in the Faculty of Medicine.
Classes close for Christmas Holidays.
Grammar School Examinations—Autumn Term ends.
Meeting of Observatory Board of Visitors.
Classes re-open—Written Examination in Arts and Theology.
Grammar School Winter Term begins.
Senate elects Library Curators, and a Hospital Governor.
Revision of Class Work in Faculties of Arts and Theology.
Written Examination in Arts and Theology.
Holiday in Faculties of Arts and Theology.
Class Tickets, Certificates of Attendance, &c., given in byStudents intending to appear at Examinations in Medicine.
Theses given in by intending Graduates in Medicine,.
21
1
5
7
8
11
20
26
27
28
1
2
3
8
11
15
16
19
19
23
25
Public Lectures on Astronomy in the City Hall about this time.
Last day for receiving subjects of Theses for M.A.Regular Lectures in Medical Faculty concluded.
Primary and Final Examinations in Medicine commence.
Revision of Class Work in Faeulties of Arts and Theology.
Written Examination in Arts and Theology. ---
Holiday in Faculties of Arts and Theology.
Oral Examinations in Medicine begin.
Meeting of Senate to grant Degrees in Medicine.
Last day for receiving intimations of intention to appear atthe University Examinations in Arts and Theology.
Convocation meets at 3 p. m. for laureation of MedicalGraduates.
Last day for receiving Theses for M.A.
Revision of Class Work in Faculties of Arts and Theology.
Written Examination in Arts and Theology.
Regular Class Work in Arts concluded.
University Written Examinations in Arts begin.
Regular Class Work in Theology concluded.
Written Examinations in Theology begin.
Grammar School Winter Term ends.
University Oral Examinations begin.
Class Tickets given in to Professors for certification andsignature.
Meeting of Senate to grant Degrees in Arts and Theology.
Grammar School Spring Term begins.
Meeting of Convocation for laureating Graduates, announcingHonours, distributing Prizes, and electing Fellows.
r r t r T 1
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Junior
Natural
Philosophy.
SeniorNatural
Philosophy.
JuniorMathematics.
SeniorMathematics.
Qdu
o gPiP
o«r><D
?oODCD
1
Ehetoric
on
Mon.,
Wed.
&
Fri.
Logic
on
Tues.
and
Thurs.
Metaphysics.Ethics.
d
wH02
1ere
pCO
no
Pd-
Cp
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P
BCDtJ
t.
Nat.
History
on
Monday,
Wed.
&
Fri.
Chemistry.
Nat.
History
on
Tuesday
&
Thursday.
Ut
PQS'0000
piPm
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Second
Hebrew
Senior
Church
History
on
Mon.
&
Thurs.
Paley’s
I
Evidences,Doctrinal
Exegesis,
&c.
Sen.
Ch.History
on
Monday.
Sen.Bib’lCrit’m
Wed’y&
Friday.
Third
Hebrew.
Junior
Hebrew.
Systematic
Theology.
d
Od
od
PCO
0P02
1CD
1;'?
Senior
Biblical
Criticism
on
Tuesday,
Wed.
and
Friday.
Butler’s
Analogy
Discourses,
«&c.
Syriac
on
Tuesday.Arabic
on
Thursday.
Chaldee
on
Monday.
Pastoral
Theology.
wdOdo
PP*
Pi
00
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Up ua 2 So'
IpSP pig;
PP a'^
Igig*
Obstetrics.
Surgery.
Theory
and
Practice
of
Medicine.
Anatomy.
Forensic
and
State
Medicine
Tuesday
&Fri.
Institutes
of
Medicine.
Chemistry.
MateriaMedica.
d>odd
od
H-i. CD O
>-p'oP S>p
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B o S’^PCD
Clinical
Surgery
on
Saturday.
ClinicalMedicine
on
Saturday. Hospital
on
Mon.,
Wed.
and
Saturday.
PracticalChemistry
on
Saturday.
duo
d
TIME
TABLE
OF
CLASS
MEETINGS,
&c.
GENERAL ANNOUNCEMENTS,
Queen’s College was incorporated with the style and privi-
leges of a University by a Royal Charter dated 16th October,
1841.
The central situation of Kingston, its salubrity, and the verymoderate expense (from $2,50 to $3,00 per week) at whichsuitable boarding can be obtained, are greatly in favour of
students repairing thither for a University education.
The twenty-fifth Session will be opened on the first Wednes-day (3rd) of October, 1866, in the Convocation Hall, at three
o’clock afternoon. An address will be delivered on theoccasion by the Rev. Professor Mowat, M.A.
Registration.—At the commencement of the Session all
Students, whether intending to graduate or only desiring to
join one or more of the classes, are required to have their
names and other particulars inserted in the College Register.
For this purpose the Registrar will be in his office at statedtimes.
Enrolment.
—
After Registration Students are required to
wait upon the Professors under whom they propose to study.On presenting Registration Tickets they may be enrolled as
members of the classes. Upon the entering of their names in
the Professors’ lists they receive Class Tickets. At the close ofthe Session the tickets are returned to the Professors for their
certifications and signatures.
Matriculation is the act of passing the University Exami-nation at the commencement of a Session, and must be per-formed annually by all intending Graduates in Arts andTheology. Every Student, before matriculating for the first
time, is required to produce a certificate of character from hisMinister or other competent person.
10
Subscription.
—
Upon his admission to the rank of an Under-graduate, every Student is required to subscribe the followingdeclaration :
—
“ I,,
being now admitted a Student of Queen’s College, do herebysincerely and solemnly declare and promise that I shall at all times render duorespect and obedience to the Principal, Professors, and other authorities of the
University, and strictly observe the Laws and Statutes thereof;that I shall give a
regular attendance at my classes, and shall apply myself carefully and diligently
to the studies in which I am engaged, and perform to the utmost of my power the
exercises prescribed;that I shall conduct myself in a courteous and peaceable
.manner towards my fellow Students;and that I shall always maintain and defend
the rights and privileges of the University, and never seek in any way or mannerthe hurt or prejudice thereof.”
Other Students sign the above declaration at the time of
registration. No other subscription is exacted.
The Library is open to all Students who produce their
Registration Tickets to the Librarian, and comply with the
By-Laws. The Catalogue, with a supplement recently pub-lished, (price 10 cents), must be purchased.
No Class Ticket is signed at the end of the Session unless
the holder of it produce the Librarian’s certificate that his
position in regard to the Library is in all respects in accordancewith the By-Laws.
The Library is open daily at one o’clock, for at least half anhour, but during the summer recess, on Fridays only, from10 to 11, forenoon.
For convenience in consultation, some of the Books are keptin the Medical Buildings, and some of them in the Observatory.
The only fixed revenue of the Library is obtained fromRegistration Fees, the amount of which is very far fromenabling the Curators to make the requisite purchases. Duringthe past year friends of the University have made importantadditions. It is earnestly hoped that the present year may beas fruitful in that respect as the past. The total number of
volumes added during the year ending 1st April is 1082.
Upw^ards of ten volumes have been received from each of the
following donors : Charles Low, Esq., Montreal;Trustees of
New York State Library;Department of Education, Lower
Canada;
do., Upper Canada;Thomas Baton, Esq., Montreal
;
Maxwell W. Strange, Esq., Kingston;Rev. John Darroch,
Rev. Robert Pollok, Glasgow, Scotland;
J. Mackenzie, Esq.,
do.;J. and W. Campbell, Esqs., do.
;Swedenborg Associa-
tion, per D. Gilmour, Esq., Paisley, Scotland;J. Donaldson,
Esq., Keppoch, Scotland.
11
The Astronomical Observatory was founded in 1855 byprivate subscribers, aided by the Corporation of Kingston, andwas transferred to the University by deed of the Corporation
in 1861, when new buildings were erected. It contains anEquatorial by Mr. Alvan Clarke, with an object-glass of 6^inches aperture, a small Transit by Trotjghton & Simms, andan Astronomical Clock, constructed by the Assistant Observer,
K. F. Dupuis, B.A.;
also the Beaufoy Transit, lent by the
Koyal Astronomical Society of England, now in operation;a
Deflecting Telescope by the celebrated Mr. Short, with a spe-
culum of 74 inches in diameter, presented by the late Principal
Leitch;and a Befracting Telescope, presented by the late
A. J. Macdonell, Esq. A standard Barometer and Kegistering
Thermometers, by Casella, have been added recently, and a
Micrometer for the Equatorial, by Mr. Alvan Clarke. Avariety of additional apparatus, such as a large Transit Circle,
with two Sidereal Clocks, and the means of Galvanic Degistra-
tion of Transits, is much required. For the procuring of these,
however, the funds of the Institution are altogether inadequate,
numerous important observations are taken and carefully
recorded. The indications of the Barometer and Thermometerare observed twice a day, and the results supplied weekly to
the press. Local time has been regularly given to the city
clock-keeper.
A course of free lectures on Asti^nomy is given annually.
Two of them are delivered in the City Hall, the lecturer last
winter being the Eev. William M. Inglis, M.A., F.K.S.E.The others are delivered in the Observatory by the Director.
The Museum consists chiefly of Mineralogical and Palaeonto-logical specimens, embracing collections of Canadian Mineralsand Fossils bequeathed by the late Eev. Andrew Bell, thosemade by Professor Williamson, and contributions, illustrating
very fully the Minerals and Fossils of Canadian Eocks, pre-sented by Sir William Logan. Admission may be obtainedby applying to the Curator or the Janitor. Occasional demon-strations are given to Students. During the year ending 1stApril there has been occasion for acknowledging many dona-tions of Minerals, Fossils, Coins, &c. Friendly services towardsthe enlargement of the Museum are solicited.
The Botanic Garden on the College grounds contains anaccurately named and labelled collection of the most importanteconomical, medicinal, and poisonous Plants of Europe andAmerica. During the summer Professor Fowler will continueto superintend the arrangement of them in natural orders.
12
Morning Praters.—All Students in Arts and Theology are
required to attend prayers, except in special cases when absenceis allowed by the Principal or Senatus. The attendance is
marked in the University certificates given at the end of the
Session. Medical Students are invited to be present. Studentsare also required to attend Divine Service on Sabbath in thechurches to which they belong.
Academic Costume.—Graduates and Undergraduates in Arts,
when attending prayers, classes, examinations, or University
meetings, are required to wear the academic dress. UoStudent is allowed to come up in Convocation for any honourunless he appear in his proper costume. Information on this
subject maybe obtained from the Kegistrar.
Fees.—The following fees are payable strictly in advance
—
Class fees on University day;Graduation fees on or before the
22nd April.
Full Course of four years in Arts, per Session...
One year’s Classes when not taken as part of Full Course ...
A single Class in any Department ...
(These charges include Registration Fee of $4, and fee for Apparatus $1.)
Two University ExaminationsGraduation Fee, Bachelor of Arts (B.A.)
“ Master of Arts (M.A.)“ Bachelor of Divinity (B.D.)
Admission ad eundem statum
Admission ad eundem gradhm^ B.ADo. do. M.A
|25 0030 0010 00
2 0010 0020 0020 004 0010 0020 00
Students for the Ministry, in connection with the Church of
Scotland, are subject only to fees for Registration, Examination,and Graduation, but must sign a declaration that, if they changetheir intention of entering the said Ministry, they will pay ondemand all class fees remitted. This arrangement having beenfound in many cases to work unsatisfactorily, it is proposedhereafter, with the approval of the Synod, to place all Students
whatsoever under the same regulations with regard to fees
during the Arts Course, and at stated times during the Theo-logical Curriculum to return to Church Students their class
fees with interest.
Students of the third year in the Arts course of this College,
may take the last of the four Sessions to which the Curriculumis now extended, without paying Class Fees.
Class Tickets are not signed by any Professor unless a
receipt for the payment of all fees be produced.
FACULTY OF ARTS.
Matriculation Examinations and Competitions for Scholar-
ships begin on Thursday, 4th October.
The Full Course, except for Students who entered before
October, 1865, extends over four Sessions of seven monthseach, but when Intrants pass With perfect satisfaction the
Matriculation Examination of the second year, the Course maybe completed iii three Sessions. The appointed order of Classes
must be observed by intending graduates. Students proceed-
ing to the Theological Facuity must take the Course prescribed
by the Church. Other Students may enter any of the Classes
for which they are qualified in any order they please. Studentsfrom other Colleges are admitted ad eundem statum on the pro-
duction of satisfactory certificates of attendance and progress.
I. ATTENDANCE.1
Monday.j1
Tuesday.|
Wednesday.
First Tear.
1Thursday.
|
Classics.Mathematics.
Classics.Ehetoric.
Classics.Mathematics.
Classics.
Classics.Mathematics.
Classics.Ehetoric.
Classics.Mathematics.
Classics.
Second Year.
1
Mathematics.Classics.
1Nat. History.
Mathematics.Classics.Logic.
Mathematics. I
Classics.Nat. History.
1 Mathematics.Classics.
1Logic.
Third Tear.
Classics.Metaphysics.
Nat. Philosophy
Nat. History.Classics.
Metaphysics.Nat. Philosophy
Classics.Metaphysics.
Nat. Philosophy
Nat. History.Classics.
Metaphysics.Nat. Philosophy
Fourth Tear.
Ethics.Chemistry.*
Nat. PhilosophyGreek.
Ethics.*Chemistry.
Nat. Philoso.*Greek.
Ethics.Chemistry,*
Nat. PhilosophyGreek.
Ethics.*Chemistry.
Nat. Philoso.*Greek.
Friday.
Classics.Mathematics.
Classics.Ehetoric.
Mathematics.Classics.
Nat. History.
Classics,etaphysics.
Nat. Philosophy
Ethics.Chemistry.*
Nat. PhilosophyGreek.
* Compulsory for Students who intend to compete for Honours.
14
II. SUBJECTS OF STUDY.
A.—CLASSICS.
First Year.
LATIN. GREEK. COLLATERAL SUBJECTS.
Cicero, in Catalinam I.
Virgil, JEneid, Book IX.
Horace, Odes, Bk. III.
Homer, Iliad, Bk. III.
Lucian, Timon.Gospel by John.
Latin Prose Composition.Latin Prosody,
Roman Antiquities.
Additional for Honours.
Cicero, Pro Archia. Lucian, Charon.
Horace, Epodes. Homer, Odyssey, Bk. XII.
Special attention to be given during summer vacation to GreekProsody.
Second Yea/r.
Cicero de Oratore. Demosthenes, Philip. III.
Virgil, Georgies, Bk. IV. Euripides, Medea.
Livy, Bk. XXII. Acts of the Apostles.
Additional for Honours.
Tacitus, Annals, I. Herodotus, Bk. VI.
Horace, Ars Poetica. Homer, Odyssey, XXI.
Special attention to be given during summer vacation to GreekAccentuation.
Third Yeanr.
Tacitus, Agricola. Plato, Crito. Latin Verse.
Terence, Andrian. Sophocles, (Edipus Tyrannus. Latin Prose Composition.
Cicero, pro Cluentio. Demosthenes, Philip, II. Greek Composition.
Epistle to the Ephesians. Greek Prosody.
Greek Antiquities.
Additional for Honours.
Livy, Book XXL Plato, Apology.
Juvenal, Satire X. Pindar, Olympic Odes.
Special attention to be given during summer vacation to Greek
Prosody and Accentuation.
Latin Prose Composition.Latin Verse.
Greek Prose Composition.Greek Prosody.
Greek Antiquities.
Fourth Year.
Thucydides, Bk. I.* Greek Prosody,
^schylus Prometheus. Greek Composition.
Hesiod, Works and Days.
Additional for Honours.
Demosthenes, De Corona.
Aristophanes, Clouds.
15
B.—MATHEMATICS AND NATURAL PHILOSOPHY.
First Year—Mathematics.
Euclid I.-VI. (Simson), Algebra (Wood, pp. 1-174, omitting pp.136-161.) Collateral Subjects, Logarithms, Exercises in Algebra andGeometry.
Pass Examination at close of Session ;—work of the Session, includingCollateral Subjects.
Examination for Honours at close of the Session ;—the same, with subjects
in Wood, pp. 136-161;and Trigonometry; Definitions, Propositions
1-6 (Playfair’s Euclid, by Kelland, ed. 1859, pp. 167-169, 180-183.)
Summer work, additional to subjects prescribed for Entrance Examinationof the second year;—Euclid XI, 1-21, 33, XII. 1, 2, with 1st Lemma,(Simson)
;Algebra
;Permutations, Combinations and the Binomial
Theorem (Wood, e'd. 1861, pp. 174-192.)
Second Year—Mathematics.Conic Sections (Whewell).Plane and Spherical Trigonometry (Snowball).
Analytical Geometry (Hann’s, in Weale’s Series).
Differential and Integral Calculus (Ritchie) to the end of Maxima andMinima,’ with Maclaurin and Taylor’s Theorem. Collateral subjects :
—
Examples, Plane and Geodetical Surveying, with the use of Surveyingand Astronomical instruments.
Pass Examination at close of the Session ;—the work of the Session,ineluding Collateral Subjects.
Examination for Honours ;—all the Mathematics of the previous Course.Summer work, additional to subjects prescribed for Entrance Examina-
tion of the third year;—Mensuration (Weale’s Series, pp. 19-55).Hydrostatics (Galbraith and Haughton, chap. IV).
A Prize will be awarded to the best solutions of the problems in theMechanical Gymnasium (Galbraith and Haughton; Mechanics, 1864),given in by the 15th October of the Third Session.
’
Third Year—Matueal Philosophy.Mechanics (Galbraith and Haughton’ s) ;
Hydrostatics (do.); Draper’s
Natural Philosophy. Differential and Integral Calculus, one day inthe week (Hall). Collateral Subjects :—Problems in Mechanics andHydrostatics.
Pass Examination at the close of the Session ;—work of the Session“ including collateral subjects. Examination for Honours at the close
of the Session ;—all the Mathematics of the Undergraduate Courseand the Physics of the Session, together with such additional booksand subjects, or parts of books and subjects, as the Student mayprofess.
^
Summer work, additional to subjects prescribed for Entrance Examina-tion of the fourth year ;—Optics (Galbraith and Haughton) • Essavon Electricity.
Fourth Yeojr—N^atural Philosophy.Lectures. Astronomy (Galbraith and Haughton). Collateral subjects •
Problems in Natural Philosophy;Essays.
’
Pass Examination at close of the Session ;—work of the Session includino-Collateral Subjects.
’ ^
16
Final Examination for Degree of B.A. : Pass Examination ;—the Elementsof the Mathematics and Physics of the Undergraduate Course : ForHonours ;—all the Mathematics and Physics of the UndergraduateCourse. Ewen’s Newton Principia, ed. 1855, sect. II, pp. 26-52.
C.—RHETORIC, LOGIC, and MENTAL AND MORAL PHILOSOPHY.
First Year—Rhetoeic.
The studies of this Class embrace the following subjects :
—
I. The English Language: 1. Its origin, development, constituents, andcapabilities
;2. Its etymology and syntax
;3. Its relation to other
languages, especially of the Teutonic family, as illustrating the results ofthei most recent investigations in the Science of Language. Text-book :
Latham’s Handbook of the English Language. II. The History of EnglishLiterature. Text-book ; Collier’s History of English Literature. HI. ThePrinciples of Rhetorical Composition. IV. The Principles of Elocution.
Subjects of the University examination at the close of the Session :
Latham’s Handbook, Parts H. HI. & IV.;Collier’s History, the last four
eras.
Additional fcr Honours : Latham’s Handbook, Parts I. and VI.
;
Collier’s History, the third, fourth and fifth eras;Milton’s Paradise Lost,
Books V. and VI.
A Prize is offered to the Students who have been members of theclass during the past Session for an Essay on the Life and Works ofMilton. The essays must be given in on or before 1st November.
Second Year—Logic.
In this Class, while Whately’s work is used as a text-book,
the Lectures contain full expositions of the improvements in
Logic which have been introduced by recent Logicians.
Subject of the University Examination at the close of the Session
:
Whately’s Logic, Books II. and HI.Additional for Honours : Bacon’s Novum Organon.
A Prize is offered to those Students who have been members of the
class during the past Session for an Essay in reducing to syllogistic formthe argument for the existence and moral attributes of Deity in Stewart’s
Outlines of Moral Philosophy, pp. 65-85, (McCosh’s ed.) The essays
must be given in on or before 1st November.
Third Year—Mental Philosophy.
Text-book : Hamilton's Metajphysics by Bowen. The Lec-
tures embrace
A. The Science ofKnowledge. I. Knowledge in general. II. Knowledgein its special forms. § 1. Intuitive. (1) Presentative. (a) Self-Con-
sciousness. (b) Consciousness, (c) Perception. (2) Representative.
(a) Its kinds, a. Simple Imagination. /5. Memory, (b) Its Laws.(c) Its Nature. § 2. Comparative. (1) Judgment. (2) Reasoning.
(3) Generalization. (4) Poetic Imagination, (a) Beauty, (b) Art.
17
B. The Science of Feeling. I. Tlie general Nature. II. The special
forms of Pleasure and Pain.
Subject of the University Examination at the close of the Session
:
Hamilton's Metaphysics by Bowen.Additional for Honours : Kant’s Critique of the Pure Reason^ the Tran-
scendental ^Esthetic and;the Transcendental Analytic;Schwegler’s History
of Philosophy^ §§ 1-22 inclusive. ^ ^
Fourth Year—Moeal Philosophy.
Text-book : Stewart’s Outlines of Moral Philosophy by Mc-Cosb. The Lectures embraceA. Ethics., or the Science of the Formation of Character. I. The Cona-
tions. II. Ethical action. III. Ethical Consciousness.
B. Ontology., or the Science of Existence. I. Existence in general. II.
Existence in its special forms. § 1. The Ego or Mind. § 2. The Non-egoor Matter. § 3. The Universe. § 4. God.
Subject of the University Examination at the close of the Session:
Stewart’s Outlines of Moral Philosophy by McCosh.Additional for Honours : Kant’s Critique of the Pure Reason., the Tran-
scendental Dialectic;
MacidntosWs Dissertation on the Progress of Ethical
Science.
For those Students of the third year who complete their Curriculum in
Session 1866-7, the subjects ofthe University Examination will beton^s Metaphysics by Bowen
;Stewart’s Outlines of Moral Philosophy by
.McCosh.Additional for Honours : Kant’s Critique of the Pure Reason., the Tran-
scendental AEsthetic and the Transcendental Analytic.
A Prize is offered to the Students who completed their Curriculum inSession 1865-6, for an Essay on the Life and Philosophical Writings ofBishop Berkeley. The essays must be given in on or before 15th November.
D.—NATURAL SCIENCES.
Second Year.
Botany.—Until the Christmas holidays Students will havethe benefit of the Botanical, Garden and the Botanical Society’s
extensive herbarium. The Lectures will be illustrated by acomplete set of specimens, diagrams and microscopic prepara-tions, bearing upon elementary botany. Book of Keference:Gray’s Structural and Systematic Botany. I. Classification ofnatural objects,—difference between minerals and organizedbeings; between plants and animals. 11. Yegetablehistology.III. Development and morphology of plants. lY. Yegetable
Ssiology. Y. Classification of plants; comparison of the3rent sjrstems
;descriptions of the principal natural orders,
with exercises.
Zoology.—From January to the close of the Session. Lec-tures illustrated by typical specimens in the various divisions
18
of the animal kingdom, and by an extensive series of diagrams.The microscope will also be frequently used. Book of Kefer-ence : Milne Edward’s Manual of Zoology. I. Animal life.
II. Functions of animals;homology and analogy. III. Sketch
of the anatomy of certain types. lY. Systems of classifica-
tion;definition of species, genus, family, order, class, pro-
vince. Y. Description of the various divisions of the animalkingdom, with the latest modifications of the classification.
Third Year.
Mining and Economic Geology.—I. Exercises in the deter-
mination of minerals. II. Modes of occurrence of useful
minerals in general. III. Quarrying, testing and preparationof materials used in construction. lY. Modes of occurrenceof metals and their ores, veins, beds, &c.
;association of
minerals;origin and filling of veins. Y. Mining and dressing
of metals and their ores;smelting
;assaying. YI. Modes of
occurrence and working the various other mineral substances
used in the arts and manufactures. YII. Commercial value of
mineral substances and sources of supply. YIII. Generalgeological relations of useful minerals. iX. Field work andexploration.
E.—MODERN HISTORY.Lecturer : Joseph Antisell Allen, Esq., of Alwington.
This Class is open to Students in the third year of the Cur-
riculum. _ The principal events of the period between the
Reformation and the accession of William III. will be the
subjects of Lecture.
III. EXAMUSTATIOlSrS.
Examinations are either Glass or University Examina-
(1) CLASS EXAMINATIONS.All Regular Students are required to submit to frequent Oral
Examinations in their several Classes, and also to one in writing
every month. By the former the work is taken up as it
advances from day to day. An Examination in Writing
embraces the work of the preceding month. Prizes are for
the most part awarded by the latter.
(2) UNIVERSITY EXAMINATIONS.
Two of these are held every Session, and both must bo
passed by intending Graduates. They are in writing chiefiy,
but may be partly oral also.
First Year.
(1) Matriculation Exammation at the beginning of the
Session on the following subjects :
—
Latin.—Livy, B. II., chap. 1-15 inclusive;
Virgil, .^neid, B. II. Trans-
lation from English into Latin Prose.
Gkeek.
—
Grammar;Xenophon, Anabasis, B. I. ^
Aeithmetic.—As far as Vulgar and Decimal Fractions, and the Extrac-
tion of Roots inclusive.
Algebra.—To the end of simple equations.
Geometry.—Euclid, B. I. and II.
EnglishGrammar and Composition.—Bullion’s Analytical and Practical
Grammar of the English Language.
On passing this Examination a Student ranks as an Under-graduate.
(2) First Exammation at the close of the Session on the
books and subjects prescribed for first year’s Classes, with the
addition of Sacred History in Genesis and Joshua.
Second Yea/r.
(1) Matriculation Examination on the subjects of the first
year, with any additions which may be prescribed in the dif-
ferent Departments.
(2) Second Examination on the books and subjects pre-
scribed for the second year’s Classes, with the addition of theHistorical portions of the Eour Gospels and Acts of the
Apostles.
Third Year.
(1) Mai/riculation Examination on the subjects of the secondyear, with any additions which may be prescribed in the dif-
ferent Departments.
(2) Third Examination on the books and subjects prescribedfor the third year’s Classes, with the addition of Porteus^ Evi-dences.
Eourth Yea/r.
(1) Matriculation Examination on the subjects of the pre-
vious part of the Curriculum, with any additions which may beprescribed in the different Departments.
(2) Fmal Examination on the books and subjects prescribedfor the fourth year’s Classes, with the addition of PalefsNataral Theology.
At the close of a Session Regular Students receive Pass Certifi-
cates signed by the Principal. The manner of passing, or thecause of not passing, is noted in these Certificates. Honours
20
may be taken at the Firsts Second or Third Examination in
any Department, but only when candidates pass in all theDepartments.
IV. GKADUATIOlSr.
The Degrees of Bachelor (B.A.) and Master (M.A^ of Artsare obtained only by Examination. The Degree of Doctor of
Laws (LL.D.) is Honourary, and is awarded for literary, scien-
tific, or professional distinction.
To obtain the Degree of B.A., Students must complete the
Curriculum, pass all University Examinations in the Course,
and reach a certain standard in Final Examinations.
Graduates are ranked in three Classes :—Firsts Those whotake first class Honours
;Second^ Those who take second class
Honours;Thirds Those who merely graduate.
A Student’s appearance at the Final Examination maysecure eligibility for holding a Scholarship without beingsufiicient for Graduation. Graduates only can take Honoursat the last Examination of the Course.
The Degree of Master can be taken only after two years
from the date of Graduation as Bachelor. The candidate mustcompose a satisfactory Thesis on some subject taught in the
Faculty, or closely bearing upon one of the Departments of
study. He may select the subject, but it must be approved bythe Senatus, and on this account is required to be intimated to
the Secretary before the 1st day of March. His Thesis must beaccompanied by a certificate showing that he is twenty-oneyears of age.
Graduates from other Colleges are admitted ad eundemgradum on producing satisfactory evidence of rank and char-
acter.
COLLEGE AND GRAMMAR SCHOOL.
The College Preparatory School and the Kingston ConntyGrammar School are now united and affiliated to the University.
Classical and French Master ..
Mathematical MasterEnglish MasterDrawing Master
... SAMUEL WOODS, M.A.
... THOMAS GORDON... F. ROWLAND.... Me. LIGHT.
FEES PER TERM.
1. Common English Branches, &c...
2. Junior Classics, Mathematics, &c.
3. Senior Classics, Mathematics, &c.
4. Drawing
$4 006 008 003 00
Winter Term begins 7th January.
Spring Term begins first Wednesday after Easter.
Summer Term begins second Monday of August.
Autumn Term begins on Monday after 15th October.
This School, being now provided with a full and efficient staff
of Masters, is qualified to give a thorough Grammar Schooleducation and prepare for the University. Particular atten-
tion is bestowed upon the Commercial Branches.
The Head Master, after the commencement of the SummerTerm, will be prepared to receive three or four pupils as
boarders, and will exercise a careful supervision over thepreparation of their lessons. Terms, including fees at theGrammar School, $45 per Term, invariably in advance.
Mr. Gordon has vacancies for a few Boarders.
*No
extra
fee
charged.
tTodhunter’s.
22
PEOGEAMME
OF
STUDIES
AT
KINGSTON
COUNTY
GEAMMAE
SCHOOL.
FACULTY OF THEOLOGY.
Matriculation Examinations and Competitions for Scholar-
ships begin on Wednesday, 7th I7ovemher.
The Curriculum extends over three Sessions, and- in each the
Classes in Divinity, Hebrew, Church History, and Biblical
Criticism must be attended by all Students having in view the
Ministry of the Presbyterian Church of Canada in connection
with the Church of Scotland.
SUBJECTS OF STUDY.
A.—DIVINITY.
The subjects of lecture for Session 1866-7 are Systematic
and Pastoral Theology, with prelections and examinations onHill’s Lectures on Divinity, Books II. and III.
;Butler’s
Analogy, Part I.;Paley’s Evidences, Part I.
;Greek Testa-
ment for Doctrinal Exegesis, Matt. xiii. and John v.;and the
Standards of the Church of Scotland.
During the Curriculum Students are examined on the wholeof Hill’s Lectures, Butler’s Analogy, and Paley’s Evidences.
During part of the Session the Students, in turn, open the
class with devotional exercises. Third year Students are
formed into a Committee for Missionary work on Sabbath.The Convener reports arrangements weekly, and the Profes-
sors may intimate their intention to be present and take part of
the duty. This work is optional to Students of the first andsecond year. On Friday afternoon, during part of the Session,
the hour is devoted to exercises in pulpit elocution.
24
B.—OKIENTAL LANGUAGES, BIBLICAL CRITICISM, ANDCHURCH HISTORY.
First Year.
(a) Hebrew, Chaldee, Syriac, and Arabic.
Second Year. Third Year.Wolfe’s Hebrew Grammar.Genesis, I.-IV.Joshna, VII.-VIII.Obacliab,Translations into Hebrew.
Gesenins’ Hebrew Grammar. Gesenius’ Hebrew Grammar.Judges, XIV.-XVI. Job, I.-II.
;Jer. VIII.-X
;Ps.
Zechariab, III.-VIII. I.-XXX.Proverbs, X.-XIII. Translations into Hebrew.Ecclesiastes, X.-XII. Rigg’s Chaldee Manual.Isaiah, L.-LIV. Ezra, IV. : Daniel, II.-IH.Translations into Hebrew. Uhlemann’s Syriac Grammar.
Syriac New Testament.Stewart’s Arabic Grammar.Arabic Old Testament.
(b) Biblical Criticism.
First and Second Years.
Gospel by Luke in Greek.Trollope on Luke.Angus’ Bible Handbook, Part I,
Sections 1, 3, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8 ;Ch.
IV., Sec. I.
Lectures.
Third Year.Acts of Apostles in Greek.Trollope on Acts,Angus’ Bible Handbook, Part I, Ch.IV., Sections 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8 ;
PartII., Ch. HI., Sections 1 and 2.
(c) Church History.
First and Second Years. Third Year.Killen’s Ancient Chrurch. Wharey’s Church History.Period I., Section I,, Ch. 10 and History of the Church of Scotland.11, Sections 2, 3.
Period I., Sec. 1, 2.
Lectures.
The Church requires the following discourses to be delivered
during the Course :—Homily and Exegesis;Lecture and Greek
Exercise;Sermon and Hebrew Exercise. Two are delivered
each Session in the above order.
EXAMIHATIOHS.Besides Oral Examinations almost daily, and monthly in
Writing, there are Matriculation and Pass Examinations as in
the Faculty of Arts. The last embrace the whole work of aSession, and the second and third Matriculation Examinationsinclude in addition any books or subjects that may be pre-
scribed for summer study. Both the Matriculation and PassExaminations rank as University Examinations, and intendingGraduates must reach a certain standard in each.
The subiectsof Matriculation Examination for Session 1866-7are
In Depabtment A.
First Year.—Westminster Confession of Faith, and Hill’s Lectures, BookI., Chapters 2, 3, 4.
Second and Third Years .—Studies of last Session in Text-books used.
In Depabtment B.
First Year .—Gospel by Mark, in Greek and English.
Second and Third Tears.—Hebrew, for Juniors, Wolfe’s Grammar;
Is. LV.-LVH;
for Seniors, Gesenius’ Grammar, Parts I.-H.;
Ezekiel, XXXV.-XXXVH.;Greek, Romans, XI.-XVI
;Hodge on
Romans, XI.-XVI.;
Angus’ Bible Handbook, Part II., Ch. I.
;
Killen’s Ancient Church, Period II, Section HI.
25
The following is the scale of available marks in all University
Examinations, and Pass Candidates must obtain one-third of
the whole and one-fonrth of each :—Systematic Theology, 200;
Hebrew and Chaldee, 150;
Biblical Criticism, 90 ;Church
History, 60.
GEAHUATIOH.The Degree of Bachelor of Divinity (B.D.) is conferred upon
third year Students when they ^ain three-fourths of the marksallotted to each subject at a special Examination at the close of
their last Session. Candidates must have the Degree of B.A.,
and be in good standing as regards all the University Exami-nations of their preceding Sessions in Theology. The subjects
of Examination are the prelections of the third Session, the
Standards of the Church of Scotland, and the subjects numbered2, 4, 5, 6, 7, in the following list, which is prescribed by Act of
Synod 1863 for Candidates for License :
—
1. Latin;Odes of Horace, Book I.
2. Greek;Acts of the Apostles.
3. Moral Philosophy;Stewart’s Outlines.
4. Church History;Wharey’s Church History
;History of
the Church of Scotland.
5. Biblical Criticism;Angus’ Bible Handbook, Ch. lY.
Pules of Interpretation.
6. Hebrew;Psalms I.-XXY.
;Chaldee
;Daniel II., III.
7. Divinity; Paley’s Evidences; Butler’s Analogy; Hill’s
Lectures in Divinity (Evidences excepted).
8. Homiletics, &c. : A written exercise in composition, or askeleton sermon on a prescribed text.
Alumni of former years, or of other Colleges, producingapproved certificates of attendance and study, may appear asCandidates for the Degree. In their case the subjects ofExamination are 2, 4, 5, 7, of the above list
;Hebrew, Exodus
I.-XXI., and Psalms I.-XLI.;Chaldee, Dan. II. III.
The Degree of Doctor of Divinity (D.D.) is Honorary, andis given for literary, scientific, or professional distinction.
FACULTY OF MEDICIIE.
The thirteenth Session will be formally opened on Wednes-day, 3rd October, at 3 o’clock p.m.
Certificates of attendance are recognized by the University of Edin-burgh, the Koyal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh, and other licensingbodies.
The Degree of M.D. entitles the holder to the Diploma of the RoyalCollege of Surgeons of London, England, on passing the required exami-nation.
Graduates are entitled to Registration under the Provincial MedicalAct, on payment of the required fee.
DEGREE OF M.D.
A Candidate for the Degree of M.D. must have been engagedin Medical and Surgical Study for four years—the MedicalSession of each year, or Annus Medicus^ being constituted byMatriculation and Attendance on full courses of Lectures in at
least two classes by separate Professors.
One year’s instruction under a duly qualified Medical Prac-titioner, certified to the satisfaction of the Faculty prior to
attendance on Lectures, is regarded as equivalent to a year’s
College attendance, and, in such cases, constitutes the AnnusMedicus. A similar privilege is accorded to Graduates in
Arts.
The Candidate must have given regular attendance on full
Courses of Instruction in the following Departments for the
periods stated ;
—
1. Theory and Practice of Medicine,
2. Materia Medica and Pharmacy,3. Obstetrics and Diseases of Women
and Children, Two full courses
4. Anatomy, )- of
5. Principles and Practice of Surgery, six months each.
6. Anatomical Demonstrations,
7. Chemistry,
8. Institutes of Medicine,
27
9. Forensic and State Medicine,
10. Clinical Medicine,
11. Clinical Snrgery,
• 12. Hospital,
Two courses
of
J three months each.
}> Twelve months.
The above course of study may have been pursued either
wholly in Queen’s College, or partly there and partly in someother recognized Medical School. In the latter case, at least
one Session must have been spent in Queen’s College.
Certificates of attendance on Lectures are received fromincorporated Medical Schools in the British Dominions, andothers recognized by the British Universities and Licensing
Colleges. Other certificates of attendance on Lectures may beadmitted at the discretion of the Faculty.
Every Candidate must deliver, before 16th February of the
year in which he proposes to graduate, to the Secretary of the
Faculty of Medicine, a Declaration under his own hand that heis twenty-one years of age, or that he will be so before the dayof graduation, with a certificate of good moral character, astatement of his studies, literary and scientific as well as
Medical, with proper certificates, and a Thesis composed byhimself, and in his own handwriting, to be approved by the
Faculty.
The Candidate must have passed a Matriculation Examina-tion in the common branches of English Education, and also in
one of the following works :—Caesar’s Commentaries;London
Pharmacopoeia; Gregory’s Conspectus; Celsus De Medicina.This Examination is not required when the Student produces acertificate of having passed a similar or equivalent Examina-tion at any other recognized College.
Each Candidate is examined both in writing and m^ca woe—first, on Materia Medica, Chemistry, Anatomy and Institutes
of Medicine :—these subjects constituting the Primary Exami-nation^ which may be passed at the close of the third Session
;
secondly, on Surgery, Theory and Practice of Medicine,Forensic and State Medicine, Obstetrics, Clinical Medicineand Clinical Surgery, the subjects of the Final Examination^admission to which is allowed only at the close of his last
Session.
The Graduation Fee is $20.An annual Entrance Fee of $2 entitles to the use of the
Library, whichfis open daily.
Class Fees are payable in advance. A Student who hasattended two courses in any Class in this College, except those
28
of Practical Anatomy and Practical Chemistry, is entitled to
free attendance at any subsequent time.
Pegistration, for which no charge is made, is imperative,
and hereafter attendance will be reckoned from the date of
registration. (See page 9.)
There are weekly oral examinations in all the Classes, andwritten examinations in some of them.
COURSE OF lUSTRUCTIOK.
I. THEORY AND PRACTICE OF MEDICINE.
Class Book :—Wood’s Practice of Medicine, or Watson’sPractice of Medicine. Lectures daily.
Special attention is directed to Diseases of the Heart andLungs, and to their physical diagnoses, which ate illustrated
by numerous cases in the General Hospital, und(|r the imme-diate instruction of the Professor. Fee for the Course (six
months) |12.
II. MATERIA MEDICA AND PHARMACY.
Class Book :—Heligan on Medicines. Lectures daily.
The Professor illustrates his course by coloured drawings,
specimens of medicinal plants, and samples of the various
drugs, chemicals, &c. Fee for the Course (six months) $12.
IH. FORENSIC AND STATE MEDICINE.
Books of Reference :—Guy’s Forensic Medicine, Taylor’s
Medical Jurisprudence. Lectures on Tuesdays and Fridays.
The Professor, being Medical Superintendent of the Rock-wood Lunatic Asylum, has ample opportunities of instructing
his Class in the important subjects of Psychological Medicine.
Fee for the Course (six months) $6.
IV. OBSTETRICS AND DISEASES OF WOMEN AND CHILDREN.
Lectures daily. Fee for the Course (six months) $12.
The Students are arranged in classes to attend the Obstetric
practice of the Hospital. Clinical Lectures on the Diseases of
Women and Children are delivered once a week without
extra free.
29
V. ANATOMY.
Class Book :—Wilson’s Anatomy.
Daily lectures are delivered, illustrated by plates, prepara-
tions, and demonstrations on the dead body. Fee for tlie
Course (six months) $12.
VI. PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICE OF SURGERY.
Class Books :—Druitt’s Surgery, Syme’s Surgery.
The daily lectures are illustrated by Plates and Models, as
well as Pathological Specimens. The Use of Instruments andthe Application of Surgical Apparatus and Appliances are
taught. The chief operations are performed on the Cadaverbefore the Class. Fee for the Course (six months) $12.
VII. CHEMISTRY.Class Book :—Fownes’ Manual of Chemistry.
Lectures daily, illustrated by extensive series of diagrams,tables, apparatus, and preparations. Experiments daily. Feefor the Course of Lectures (six months) $12.
A separate Class for PEACTICAL CHEMISTEY is taughton Saturdays for at least two hours.
The course of Practical Chemistry is not compulsory, butthe Faculty strongly recommend Students of Medicine to avail
themselves of its advantages. Fee for the Course $12, including
$7 for the use of apparatus and reagents, payable strictly in
advance.
VIII. INSTITUTES OF MEDICINE.
Books of Eeference :—Draper’s Physiology and Yirchow’sCellular Pathology.
The daily Lectures, embracing Physiology, General Patho-logy, and Therapeutics, are illustrated by demonstrations withthe microscope
;also plates, drawings, and specimens from the
Museum. Fee for the Course (six months) $12.
IX. PRACTICAL ANATOMY.Daily demonstrations on the recent subject.
Book for use in Dissecting Eoom :—Ellis’ Demonstrations.
Fee for each course of Anatomical Demonstrations and use of
the Dissecting Eoom (six months) $6.
By an Act of tlie Province, tlie bodies of convicts dying in
the Provincial Penitentiary are given np for Anatomical pur-
poses. This affords very great advantages.
X. HOSPITAL.
The Kingston General Hospital maybe attended by Studentsduring their v^hole period of study by one payment of $4 at the
commencement of the course.
The Hospital has accommodation for 150 beds. The recently
erected “ Watkins Wing” contains a very large and com-modious Clinical Lecture Boom and Operating Theatre.
The Lectures on Clinical Medicine by Professor H. Yates,and Clinical Surgery by Professor Maclean, will in future bedelivered twice a week in the new Theatre of the Hospital.
Fee, entitling to attendance on both courses, $6.
31
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33
No Scholarship, the assigning of which is intrusted to the
Senatns, is awarded without Examination, and no Student whohas failed to pass the University Examination immediately
preceding the one by which a Scholarship is adjudged can
appear as a competitor.
No Student can hold more than one Scholarship, but proper
mention is made of the honour of gaining more.
When a Student gains several Scholarships of unequal value
he holds the most valuable one, and the rest are awarded to
the other competitors according to order of merit.
BUES AKIES.Bursaries are appropriations made from the Bursary Fund
of the Synod of the Church in connection with the Church of
Scotland, with the design of assisting Students who are pre-
paring for the Ministry in that Church. They are allotted
only after Scholarships given by the Bursary Committee are
provided for. The recipients come under a written obligation
to repay the money should they change their intention ofentering the said Ministry. Applications from Students notIntrants are not entertained unless the University Examinationimmediately preceding has been passed
;at the same time any
conditions accompanying particular contributions to the Fundare duly observed.
THE PRINCE OF WALES MEDAL.
The Donation (£200) of His Eoyal Highness the Prince ofWales is invested as a Medal Fund.
UNIYEESITY PEIZESTO BE AWARDED IN SESSION 1866-7.
I. The Kingston Prize.—Yalue $50.
For the best Essay on “ Confederation in its bearings uponthe commercial prosperity of the British American Provinces.’’Open to all Students.
II. The Toronto Prize.—Yalue $40.
For the best Essay on “ The Oratory of the Ancient Greeksand Eomans.” Open to all Students in Arts.
34
III. The Montkeal Peize.—Value $40.
For tlie best Essay on “ Tlie Sabbath in its Mosaic andCliristian Aspects.” Open to all Students of Theology.
lY. Chuech Agent’s Peize.—Value $25.
For the best Essay on The Scriptural Argument for Pres-
byterianism.” Open to all Students of Theology.
CONDITIONS.
1. The Essays are to be sent to the Registrar not later than the first Monday of
November next, before which date competitors must be registered as Students.
2. Each competitor is to inscribe a motto on his Essay and attach a sealed
envelope bearing the same motto and containing his name, with a declaration that
the Essay is his unaided composition;and the envelope is to be opened and the
author’s name ascertained in Convocation only.
3. The successful Essays are to be deposited in the Library and remain the
property of the University. They may be printed upon recommendation of the
judges.
4. An Essay to be successful must be judged to be of sufficient merit.
N.B.—These Prizes, though instituted by private liberality, rank as University
Prizes, and successful competitors carry very high honours.
HOJfOUR AID PRIZE LISTS.' SESSIOIV l$65--6.
FELLOWS.Arts—Nathan Fellowes Dupuis, B.A., Kingston.Law—Rev. George Romanes, M.A., LL.D., London, England.Theology—Robert Jardine, M.A., B.D., Brockville.
GRADUATES.Doctor of Laws—Rev. George Romanes, M.A., London, England.Doctor of Divinity—Rev. John Geddie, Aneiteum, New Hebrides.Bachelor of Divinity—Robert Jardine, M.A., Brockville.
Doctor of Medicine—(Alphabetical List)—Armstrong Alfred, Kings-ton
;Beattie William, Kingston
;Bell John, M.A., Montreal
;Dar-
ragh Robert, Glenburnie; Jones Henry M., Belleville; Kahkewa-quonaby, Brantford
;Lake Charles, Murvale
;Newton John, Ports-
mouth;
Price Robinson B., Bath;
Sommerville James A., B.A.,Kingston.
Master of Arts—(Alphabetical List)—Edmison Henry, B.A., Peter-borough; Fraser Donald, B.A., Glengary
;Jardine Robert, B.A.,
Brockville;McLennan William, B.A., Williamstown.
Bachelor of Arts—(Merit List)—1. Nathan P. Dupuis, Kingston, withfirst class honours in Mathematics, Natural Philosophy, Logic andNatural Sciences. 2. Peter C. McGregor, Lanark. 3. Evan C. W.McColl, Kingston, with first class honours in Moral Philosophy, andsecond class honours in Classics and Logic. 4. Robert Chambers,Norwich, with second class honours in Classics. 5. Francis H.Crysler, Bath, with first class honours in Logic and Natural Sciences,and second class honours in Moral Philosophy. 6. William Cald-well, Lanark, with second class honours in Natural Sciences.7. Peter McLaren, Lanark. 8. Joseph S. Eakin, Markham. 9. CharlesF. Ireland, Kingston.
Also Rev. Duncan Morrison, Brockville.
PASS MEN.—MERIT LISTS.
Faculty of Theology—Second Year—1. Donald Fraser, B.A., Glengary.2. Daniel McGillivray, B.A., Nova Scotia. 3. John Ferguson,Esquesing. 4. Alexander McBain, M.A., Thorah. First Year—1. William McLennan, B.A., Williamstown. 2. Samuel McMorine,B.A., Almonte. 3. John R. Thompson, B.A., Prince Edward Island.4. James M. Gray, Kingston.
36
Abts—Third Year—David P. Niven, Niagara.
Second Year—1. James A. McDowall, Kingston, with first class honoursin Mathematics, Natural Philosophy and Natural Sciences. 2.
Robert Campbell, Brockville, with first class honours in Mathematics,Natural Philosophy, Logic and Natural Sciences. 3. AlexanderNicholson, Prince Edward Island, with first class honours in Clas-
sics and Natural Sciences. 4. John Farquhar Bain, Perth. 5. Wil-liam H. Fuller, Kingston. 6. Morgan Lane, Lanark. 7. John^ H.Nimmo, Kingston. 8. William J. Muckleston, Kingston. 9. John M.Macdonnell, Fergus.
First Year—1. Robert Crawford, Kingston, with first class honours in
Classics, Mathematics and Rhetoric. 2. William Malloy, Vaughan,with first class honours in Mathematics. 3. Irwin Stewart, Water-loo. 4. John Oliver Mowat, Kingston. 5. Hugh J. Macdonald,Kingston. 6. John F. Fraser, Kingston. 7. William R. Mulock,Kingston. 8. Peter S. Livingston, Dawn Mills. 9. Archibald B.McLean, Lanark.
Medicine—Primary Examination—(Alphabetical List)—Armstrong Al-
bert, Smith’s Palls' Dugdale John J., Kingston; Howell George W.,Belleville
;Monro John C., South Finch
;Munro David, Lanark
;
Paterson James R., North Bruce;
Saunders Laurence, Kingston,(gained 100 per cent of the marks allotted to each subject)
;Yalleau
George Z., Shannonville;Walker Allen H., Kingston.
SCHOLARSHIPS.Arts.
1. Mowat—Irwin Stewart, Waterloo.
2. Kingston Presbytery—William Malloy,* Vaughan.3. Campbell—William Claxton, Inverary.
4. Wathins—Robert Crawford, Kingston.
5. Trustees—William J. Muckleston, Kingston.
6. Faculty—Alexander Nicholson,* Prince Edward Island.
7. Toronto—John H. Nimmo, Kingston.
8. Bursary—Robert Campbell, Brockville.
9. Foundation—Francis H. Crysler, Bath.
10. Kingston—Nathan P. Dupuis, Kingston.
11. Aberdeen—Robert Chambers, Norwich.12. St. PauVs Montreal No. 1—Peter C. McGregor, Lanark.
13. Trustees—Robert Crawford, Kingston.
14. Foundation—James A. McDowall, Kingston.
Nos. 13 and 14 are tenable during next Session, subject to Matricula-
tion.
Theology.
1. Colonial Committee No. 1—William McLennan, Williamstown.
2. Allan—Samuel McMorine, Almonte.
3. St. Andrew'^s University—James M. Gray, Kingston.
4. Colonial Committee No. 2—John Ferguson, Esquesing.
5. Colonial Committee No. 3—Daniel McGillivray, Nova Scotia.
6. St PauVs Montreal No. 2—Donald Fraser, Glengary.
7. Colonial Committee No. 4—Robert Jardine, Brockville.
* With the honour of gaining two Scholarships.
37
PRIZE MEN.University Essays.
The Ottawa Prize op $40, for the best Essay on “ The advantages andresponsibilities of our connection with the Parent Country,”—NathanF. Dupuis, Kingston.
The Montreal Prize of $40, for the best Essay on “ The didactic in
relation to the devotional element in the Lord’s Prayer,”—RobertJardine, B.A., Brockville.
CLASS PRIZES.
Classics— Third Tear—1. Peter C. McGregor, Lanark., 2. Robert Cham-bers, North Norwich. 3. Nathan F. Dupuis, Kingston, and Francis
H. Crysler, Bath.
Second Year—1. Alexander Nicholson, Prince Edward Island. 2. JohnH. Nimmo, Kingston.
First Year—1. Robert Crawford, Kingston. 2. William Malloy, Vaughan.3. Irwin Stewart, Waterloo, and Hugh J. Macdonald, Kingston.Honourable mention for Latin Composition : John F. Fraser, Kings-ton.
Junior Mathematics—1. William Malloy, Vaughan. 2. Robert Craw-ford, Kingston. Honourable mention : Irwin Stewart, Waterloo,and John O. Mowat, Kingston.
Senior Mathematics and Junior Natural Philosophy— 1. RobertCampbell, Brockville. 2. James A. McDowall, Kingston. Honour-able mention : Alexander Nicholson, Prince Edward Island; John F.Bain, Perth, and Morgan Lane, Lanark.
Senior Natural Philosophy—1. Nathan F. Dupuis, Kingston. 2. Peter
C. McGregor, Lanark. 3. William Caldwell, Lanark. 4. RobertChambers, North Norwich. 5. Joseph S. Eakin, Markham. Honour-able mention : Evan C. W. McColl, Kingston.
Geology—1. Alexander Nicholson, Prince Edward Island. 2. James A.McDowall, Kingston. Honourable mention : Robert Campbell,Brockville; William H. Fuller, Kingston; and John F. Bain, Perth.
Rhetoric—Robert Crawford, Kingston.
Logic—Alexander Nicholson, Prince Edward Island. Honourable men-tion: Robert Campbell, Brockville; James A. McDowall, Kingston.Summer Essay : John H. Nimmo, Kingston.
Mental and Moral Philosophy—1. Peter C. McGregor, Lanark. 2.
Nathan F. Dupuis, Kingston. 3. Evan C. W. McColl, Kingston.Summer Essay : Nathan F. Dupuis, Kingston.
Hebrew— Third Year—Robert Jardine, B.A., Brockville. Second Year—Donald Fraser, B.A., Glengary. First Year—William McLennan,B.A., Williamstown.
Divinity—(Merit List determined by Written Examinations)
—
ThirdYear—Robert Jardine, B.A., Brockville. Second Year—1. DanielMcGillivray, B.A., Nova Scotia. 2. Donald Fraser, B.A., Glengary.First Year—1. William McLennan, B.A., Williamstown. 2. JohnR. Thompson, B.A., Prince Edward Island. Best MatriculationPaper: Donald Fraser, B.A., Glengary. Missionary Duty: RobertJardine, B.A., Brockville.
LIST OF STUDENTS IN SESSION 1865-6.
FACUITY OF AETS.No. inKegieter. Name.589 ... Bain, John F548 ... Caldwell, William ...
587 ... Camj)bell, Kol^ert
562 ... Cattanach, John C. ...
611 ... Carrothers, Christopher
557 ... Chambers, Kobert627 ... Claxton, William618 ... Crawford, Robert556 ... Crysler, Francis H. ...
546 ... Dupuis, Nathan F. ...
550 ... Eakin, Joseph S580 ... Fuller, William H. ...
616 ... Fraser, John F584 ... Haven, William C.
631 ... Hayward, John H. ...
548a ... Ireland, Charles F. ...
632 ... Kelso, William F.
547a ... Lane, Morgan617 ... Livingston, Peter S. ...
614 ... Malloy, William613 ... Mowat, J. Oliver
578 ... Muckleston, William J.
609 ... Mulock, William R. ...
597 ... McColl, Evan C. W. ...
610 ... McDonald, Hugh J. ...
582 ... McDonnell, John M. ..
586 ... McDowall, James A. ...
544 ... McGregor, Peter C. ...
547 ... McIntyre, Charles E. ...
549 ... McLaren, Peter
612 ... McLean, Archibald B.
615 ... McNee, James585 ... Nicholson, Alexander
581 ... Nimmo, John H551 ... Niven, David P630 ... Stuart, Irwin
Year inCurriculum. Eesidcnce.
... 2 ... Perth.
... 3 ... Lanark.
... 2 ... Brockville.
... 2 ... Cornwall.
... 3 ... Morefield, Ohio.
... 3 ... North Norwich.
... 1 ... Storrington.
... 1 ... Kingston.
... 3 ... Bath.
... 3 ... Kingston.
... 3 ... Cashel, Markham.
... 2 Kingston.
... 1 ... Kingston.
... 1 ... Kingston.
... ... Kingston,
... 3 ... Kingston.... 1 ... Belleville.
... 2 ... Lanark.
... 1 .. Dawn Mills.
... 1 ... Vaughan.
... 1 ... Kingston.
... 2 ... Kingston.
... 1 ... Kingston.
... 3 ... Kingston.
... 1 ... Kingston.
... '2 ... Fergus.
... 2 ... Kingston.
... 3 ... Lanark.
... 2 ... Kingston.
... 3 ... Lanark.
... 1 ... Perth.
... 1 ... Harper.
... 2 ... Kingston.
... 2 ... Kingston.
... 3 ... Niagara.
... 1 ... Waterloo.
39
FACULTY OF THEOLOGY.No. in
Kegieter.Year in
Name. Curriculum. Eesidence.
316 ... Edmison, Henry, B.A. 3 • •• Peterborough.
607 ... Ferguson, John, B.A.Fraser, Donald, B.A
2 ... Ashgrove.464 ... 2 • • • Lochiel.
465 ... Gray, James M 1 Kingston.
320 ... Jardine, Robert, B.A 3 • • • Brockville.
460 ... Mullen, Elias 2 St. Louis de Gc321 ... McAulay, Evan, B.A 3 • •• London.14 ... McBain, Alexander, B.A. ... 2 • * • Thorah.
468 ... McGillivray, Daniel, B.A.... 2 • •• London.471 ... McLennan, William, B.A.... 1 ... Lancaster.
504 ... McMorine, Samuel, B.A. ... 1 • • • Almonte.635 ... Strachan, Donald 1 • • • Hillsbury.
501 ... Thompson, John R., B.A.... 1 ... Prince Edward
561 ...
FACULTY OF MEDICINE.Abbott, Samuel C 3 ... Kingston.
622 ... Alexander, James A 1 • • • Barrie.
643 ... Alway, Enoch 1 • •• Binbrook.
593 ... Armstrong, Albert 3 • • • Smith’s Falls.
515 ... Armstrong, Alfred 4 Kingston.
535 ... Beattie, William 4 Kingston.
642 ... Bethune, Henry 1 • •• Walpole.
636 ... Bisset, John 1 ... Peterborough.
558 ... Blondheim, Louis S 3 ... Kingston.
559 ... Briggs, Albert J 3 • •• Kingston.
602 ... Carter, Roderick C 2 ... Bath.603 ... Chanonhouse, Henry 2 • •• Kingston.591 ... Clark, James 2 ... Sunbury.633 ... Comer, Frank R. W 2 • • • Kingston.
641 ... Corbett, Charles H 4 ... Kingston.485 ... Corbett, Henry 1 ... Kingston.637 ... Cronk, Samuel D
Darragh, Robert J1 ... Northport.
474 ... 4 ... Elginburg.493 ... Dugdale, John J 3 • •• Kingston.570 ... Erly, Francis W. J 3 ... Kingston.628 ... File, Albert J 1 ... Napanee.594 ... Gray, David John 2 ... Kingston.645 ...
646 ...
626 ...
Halliwell, JohnHearn, WilliamHillier, Solomon C 1
... Kingston.Kingston.Odessa.
639 ... Howell, George W 3 ... Belleville.
648 ... Hutchison, John 1 ... Brooklin.640 ... Jones, Henry M 4 ... Belleville.
596 ... Kahkewaquonaby 4 ... Brantford.566 ... Lake, Charles B 4 ... Murvale.638 ... Magurn, Samuel F 1 ... Kingston.625 ... Mann, James 1 • . • Pakenham.601 ... Mark, Robert 2 ... Tamworth.513 ... Meagher, Augustine 3 .. ( Kingston.553 ... Meagher, Daniel 3 ... Kingston.
40No. in Year in
Kegister. Name. Curriculum. Ecsidence.
528 ... Monro, John C ... 4 ... South Finch.571 ... Morrow, James J. ... 3 ... South Mountain.590 ... Munro, David ... 2 ... Lanark.647 ... Munro, R. L ... 1 ... Concord.624 ... McLean, William B. ... ... 1 ... (Deceased.)
387 ... Newton, John ... 4 ... Portsmouth.323 ... Noel, J. Vavasour, B.A. ... 3 ... Kingston.
538 ... Oliver, John K ... 3 ... Kingston.
600 ... O’Sullivan, John ... 2 ... Seymour.599 ... Paterson, James R. ... ... 3 ... North Bruce.
620 ... Purdy, Charles W. ... 1 ... Trenton.
524 ... Price, Robinson B. ... ... 4 ... Bath.008a ... Saunders, Herbert J.... ... 1 ... Kingston.
537 ... Saunders, Laurence ... ... 3 ... Kingston.590a ... Somerville, James A.... ... 4 ... Kingston.
619 ... Spear, Hugh ... 1 ... Garden Island.
629 ... Spooner, Hiram R. ... ... 1 ... Elginburg.
623 ... Stewart, Alexander J. ... 1 ... Orillia.
621 ... Stowell, Olmsby ... 1 ... Addison.644 ... Toeque, F. P ... 4 ... Hope Town, C. E.
539 ... Yalleau, George Z. ... ... 3 ... Shannonville.
634 .. Vanvlack, Gilbert J. ... ... 1 ... Marysburg.488 ... Wafer, Francis M. ... 3 .. Pittsburg.
575 ... Walker, Allen H. ... 3 ... Kingston.
574 ... Wilson, Charles J. C.... ... 3 ... Kingston.
g^The list of Graduates will be published hereafter only in every second or
third issue of the Calendar.
EXAMINATION PAPERS.
if . ,
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papers.SESSIO]^' 1865-66.
FACULTY OF MEDICINE.
(PRIMARY EXAMINATION.)
CHEMISTEY.
Examiners: Professors Williamson, Litchfield and Bell.
1. Give an account of carbon, carbonic oxide and carbonic
acid.
2. Describe tbe three kinds of phosphoric acid and correspond-
ing phosphates. Give the formulae for the different
varieties of phosphate of soda.
3. What are acids ? Illustrate your definition by examples.
4. Mention the oxides of manganese, and describe the action
of hydrochloric, sulphuric and nitric acids, respectively,
upon the binoxide.
5. Describe the common process (LeBlanc’s) for making car-
bonate of soda from common salt, and also that of makingit from cryolite, stating in symbols the reactions involved
in each case.
6. Describe the usual process fbr making iodide of potassium.
How much of the iodide could be obtained from 50 grains
of potassa, and how man^^ grains of iodine would be con-
sumed ? (Give your calculations in full.)
7. Give the formulse for a number of the bodies, derived fromthe various alcohol radicals, which may be regarded as
analogous to metallic compounds.
8. Describe cyanogen; also cyanic, fulminic and cyanuricacids.
9. Describe fibrin, chemically.
TO. Describe the different chemical actions of the atmosphereupon the fixed oils.
MATERIA MEDICA.
Examinees : Peofessoes H. Yates and Fowlee.
1. Explain liow remote effects of a Physiological char-
acter may be produced after the administration of
a medicine which is not subsequently absorbed, andstate fully the nature of such effects, illustrating
by three or more distinct examples.
2. Write a Prescription for a blister and dressings for
it, the blister to be applied to the nape of the neck.
3. Give in a tabular form the solubility, taste, smell (if
any), doses, and effects of the following medicines:Mtrate of Potash
;Bitartrate of Potash
;Tartrate
of Potash;Carbonate of Potash
;Bicarbonate of
Potash;Tartrate of Soda and Potash
;Tartaric
Acid; Tannic Acid; Iodine; Iodide of Potassium
;
Santonine;
Calomel;
Corrosive Sublimate
;
Muriate of Ammonia;Carbonate of Ammonia
;
Charcoal; Aloes; Acetate of Morphia; CrotonOil
;Creasote
;Sulphate of Iron
;Carbonate of
Iron.
4. How are Calomel and Corrosive Sublimate made ?
State minutely how they differ as to their effects
on the system.
5. Compare the effects of Aloes with Jalap, andColocyntli with Senna.
6. In what respects do the sedative effects of Tartar
Emetic, Digitalis, Prussic Acid and Aconite differ ?
7. Give two or more modes in which you would proceedto administer Iodine by inhalation, stating quanti-
tities used.
INSTITUTES OF MEDICINE.
Examinees : Peofessoes Lavell and Maclean, and De. Keeve.
1, Describe the ultimate structure of the crystalline lens andvitreous humour of the Eye, and mention any tissues withwhich these respectively correspond.
2. Describe the ultimate structure of the human Kidney, men-
tion the function of this organ, and describe the manner
in which it is performed; also the relationship (structural
and functional) which exists between the kidneys and the
skin.
3. Enumerate the forces by which the function of Circulation
is carried on. Explain the peculiarity of the portal
circulation. —4. Describe the process of Digestion in the small intestine,
including in your description the anatomical arrangements
of this portion of the alimentary canal. Mention whatportion of the food is supposed to be digested in the small
intestine.
5. Enumerate in a tabular form all the anatomical constituents
of the nervous system, and mention the function of each.
State what you understand by the following kinds of
“action”: Diastaltic, Excitomotor, Excitosensory, Excito-
secretory, and Excitonutrient, and give an example of
each, with the particular nerves involved.
ANATOMY.
Examinees : Peofessoe Kennedy and De. Sullivan.
1. Give the branches and distribution of the Fifth Kerve.
2. Describe generally the anatomy of the parts concerned in
Inguinal Hernia.
3. Describe the ligaments of the Shoulder and Hip Joints.
4. Give the distribution of the nerves and arteries supplyingthe Forearm and Hand.
5. "What are the boundaries and contents of the Mediastinum ?
Give the branches of the Thoracic Aorta.
6. Give the course and branches of the Femoral and Popliteal
Arteries.
7. How is the Bladder supported and related ? Describe the
male Urethra.
Describe the Perineal Fascia.
(FINAL EXAMINATION.>
MEDICINE.
Examiners : Professors Litchfield and H. Yates.
1. Describe the sources of Miasmatic Diseases.
2. Describe the phenomena and the causes of Embolism.
3. Give the diagnosis of Bright’s Disease.
4. Give the diagnostic distinctions between Typhus andEnteric Fever.
5. Describe the nature, and the modes of propagationof Cholera.
6. Give the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of
Delirium Tremens.
7. Distinguish between functional and organic diseases
of the Heart.
SURGERY.
Examiners : Professors Kennedy, Maclean and 0. Yates.
1. What is coagulable Lymph;
of what is it a pro-
duct;where and how is it formed ?
2. How do you account for the origin of Tumours, andhow is their development accomplished, as to (1)
Lipoma and Adenoma, (2) Fibroma and Osteoma,
(3) Enchondroma, Epithelioma and Carcinoma ?
3. Give the processes of repair in fracture, and the
length of time required in each period.
4. State the causes ofununited Fracture and False Joint ?
How would you treat a case of each occurring in
the Humerus ?
5. How may a dislocation downwards of the Humerusbe reduced by manipulation ? Explain each step
of the procedure, and why you make it.
6. If possible to do so, would you amputate at the
ankle joint or in the continuity of the leg ? Giveyour reasons for your opinion.
7. Give fully the treatment for a large Chronic Abscess
in a given subject.
OBSTETRICS AND DISEASES OP WOMEN AND CHILDREN.
Examinees : Pkofessoes Maclean and Lavell.
1. Enumerate the various Yaginal discharges, and the patho-
logical conditions upon which each is dependent.
2. What conditions simulate Pregnancy? Give the differential
diagnosis.
3. What is Version? State the various methods resorted to,
and give the indications for its performance.
4. Give the diagnosis and treatment of Placenta Prsevia.
6. Give the causes, diagnosis, and treatment of Abortion.
6. Give the indications for the induction of Premature Labour,and state the various methods adopted.
7. State the causes, progress and treatment of Mammitis.
8. Give the causes and treatment of Infantile Asphyxia.
FORENSIC AND STATE MEDICINE.
Examiners : Professors Litchfield and Kennedy.
1. What are the disqualifications for service in the Armyand NTavy ? Describe the medical examination ofa recruit. Enumerate the defects and diseases
*
‘;ate a man for active service
2. Describe the diseases that men feign to obtain a dis-
charge from the service. Enumerate these diseasesand the means by which they may be simulated.State in what the simulated disease differs fromthe real disease, and the means you would adopt tounmask the deception.
3. What are the symptoms of Starvation How wouldyou endeavour to distinguish between voluntaryand enforced starvation ? State the treatment youwould employ for a person in an advanced state ofstarvation. Describe i\\Qpost mortem appearancesin one who has died from this cause.
4. What is Infanticide ? What is Foeticide? Describethe duty of the medical man called to examine thebody of an infant found dead.
5. What is the first incpiiry to which a medical manshould address himself in a case of supposed In-
fanticide ? What would be the weight, length andstate of development of a child born after the Ythmonth of gestation ? What negative proof is there
to be found in the condition of the skin, muscles,
&c., that the child was born alive ?
6. In a case of Criminal Abortion, what are the Tiega-
tive proofs that the child was destroyed in \itero ?
If the child had lain in the womb some time after
death, what would be the effect of this maceratingprocess ? What are the means employed to pro-
cure Abortion ?
7. What is the Hydrostatic Test? How would youproceed to try this test ? What is the value of the
test, and what objections have been raised to it ?
8. What is the cause of death in drowning? Whatmedico-legal inquiries are necessary in the case of
a person found drowned? What are the post
mortem appearances ?
9. Describe Dr. Marshall Hall’s process for the resusci-
tation of persons apparently drowned ? What is
the Sylvester method of restoring persons appa-
rently drowned ?
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ANNUAL REPORT,
Statements and Treasurer’s Accounts,
OF
Stnikrsitg anir ®0lkge,
KINGSTOJSr.
Jprinteb bs of tl)o jBoarir of STrustm.
3
AMUAL REPORTOF THE
Board of Trustees of Queen’s College.
To the Reverend the Synod of the Presbyterian Chn/rch
of Canada in connection with the Church of Scot-
land.
The Trustees of Queen’s College have pleasure in again pre-
senting their Annual Report to the Supreme Ecclesiastical
Court of the Church.
The total number of Students in attendance upon the various
classes during the Session was 110. Of these 25 have entered
as Students for the Ministry. Six young men who have takentheir literary and theological courses, in whole or in part, at
this Institution, will, it is expected, apply this year for license.
Should the Church see cause to accept of their services, it is
the belief of the Trustees that they will all prove to be diligent
and faithful labourers.
It was apprehended by not a few, that the addition of aSession to the Curriculum in Arts would have the effect ofdiminishing the attendance of Intrant Students in that Depart-ment. The Board has pleasure in stating that, so far from this
being the case, there has been a slight increase in the numberof Freshmen. There is no doubt that the lengthened Cur-riculum will be found to be a decided advantage to both Pro-fessors and Students, as it will enable them to overtake their
work in that deliberate and easy manner which consists bestwith the true idea of education.
With regard to the payment of fees by Students enteringwith a view to the ministry, although the Synod was pleasedto sanction the principle proposed in last report, to wit, theexaction of fees during the Arts course, to be returned withinterest during the Theological course, and the Senatus might
4
have cansed the principle to be put in operation next Session,
it has been deemed judicious to defer its enforcement for
another year, and to announce in next Calendar that it will beacted upon thereafter. The existing arrangement has beenexceedingly unsatisfactory, a very great number of the alumniof former years, who entered with the avowed intention of
studying for the ministry, having changed their plans andturned aside to more lucrative employments, without the Col-
lege authorities being able to get from them payment of the
fees remitted. With a few additional Scholarships it is believed
that no particular hardship will be experienced from the changeby any Student of moderate ability, even although it is at the
beginning of the course that difficulties are principally metwith.
Careful attention continues to be given to the provision andadministration of means for the assistance of deserving Students,
particularly those who have the ministry in view. These con-
sist chiefly of scholarships and bursaries^ and the system nowarrived at in the dispensation of their benefits seems to be well
adapted to the attainment of very important ends. A whole-some stimulus to diligence is furnished, and a sense of manlyand honourable independence is promoted. Scholarships,
which are more valuable than Bursaries, are tenable, whetherin the Theological or the Arts departmen t, only upon condition
of passing the University Examination at the close of a Session,
and also the Matriculation Examination of the following Ses-
sion, except in the case of Intrant Students to whom the first
part of the condition cannot apply;while Bursaries may be
obtained by passing the Matriculation Examination only. Thearrangement does not exclude any Student of fair ability andapplication, and there is a decided preference among benefi-
ciaries for the system of distribution, by examination, to that
which proceeds upon the ground of poverty. All have the
satisfaction of earning, by their industry, a measure of support
for themselves, while they are placed under no obligation but
that of grateful respect for those enlightened benefactors whostep forward to be the patrons of learning.
It affords the Trustees particular pleasure to state that
Edward H. Hardy, Esq., of Kingston, a member of St.
Andrew’s Church there, founded last Session an AnnualScholarship of Fifty Dollars for the benefit of a deserving
Student having the ministry in view, and that the next Calen-
dar will announce a Leitch Memorial Scholarship, the result of
joint subscriptions by friends of the late Principal in Scotland
5
and Canada. The valne of the latter for next Session will beseventy dollars, representing interest on the amount subscribed
for only part of a year. The full value, it is expected, will beconsiderably more than the sum just named, making it the
most important Scholarship on the list. The present arrange-
ment for awarding it is in force only for one year. In the
Calendar after next the Trustees hope to be able to intimate a
fixed as well as a very satisfactory mode of dispensing its
benefits.
At the close of last Session the Senate was enabled, by the
liberality of friends of the College, to announce for summercompetition four subjects of essay, for as many prizes, varyingin value from thirty to fifty dollars. The introduction of this
new feature in the arrangements for encouraging willing
Students has been successful, and friends have not been want-ing to put it in the power of the Senate to announce as manyprizes for competition during the present . summer. It is a
cause of particular satisfaction to the Trustees that all these
means of stimulating assiduity and perseverance can beemployed, without their being obliged to encroach upon the
revenues of the College, except for the single FoundationScholarship of forty dollars.
During the past year, as during the year immediately pre-
ceding, numerous important additions have been made to theLibrary, by which its value to both Professors and Studentshas been greatly enhanced. These have consisted chiefly ofdonations from thoughtful and generous friends of the College.
As the Library is still very much in need of enlargement, andthis seems to be with many a favourite mode of promoting theinterests of the Institution, the Trustees, while cordially thank-ing those who have given assistance in the past, would takethis opportunity of soliciting the co-operation of all members ofthe Church.The decision of the Court of Error and Appeal of Upper
Canada, with reference to the occupancy of the Chair of Clas-
sical Literature having been given in favour of the College, theBoard at its last meeting appointed the Bev. John HughMackerras, M.A., to that Chair, the duties of which he dis-
charged as interim Lecturer for the two last Sessions to theentire satisfaction of the Board.The Trustees have pleasure in reporting that Joseph Antisell
Allan, Esq., of Alwington, has kindly agreed to act as Lectureron Modern History in room of John M. Machar, Esq., M.A.,who, under pressure of professional duties, tendered his resigna-
6
tion to the last meeting of the Board. When accepting Mr.Machar’s resignation the Board took occasion to record thesense they entertain of the value of his gratuitous services.
The Treasurer’s accounts, giving full details as to thefinancial position of the College, are herewith submitted. Thestatement of ordinary revenue and expenditure shows theformer to have been in excess of the latter by $586 for thefiscal year ending 10th April. The general expenses have beenconsiderably less than those of the preceding year, and it is
hoped that, by a continuance of the present system of rigid
economy, a still greater reduction will be made during the
current year. As the next Calendar will be much less in size
than its immediate predecessors, the charge for printing will beproportionately diminished. But for short payments received
from the Temporalities Fund for the last three years, amount-ing to $1150, and a decrease of the dividends on Bank Stock,
a very much larger excess of revenue would have been reported.
The statement of assets and liabilities, which gives the mostcomplete view of financial afiairs, shows a balance of cash onhand amounting to $5783.77. The liabilities to be set against
this balance come to $6250.28, of which $5502.92 belongs to
the Investment Fund. It thus appears that the amount of
liabilities for which there is no provision is $166.51. When a
suitable investment is found for the $5500 reported on hand,
and at present in the bank at deposit interest, an additional
source of revenue will be available. That sum has been
realized chiefiy from the sale of lands, which the Board has
carefully endeavoured to effect on the most favourable terms.
The holding of such lands, on account of the payment of
taxes, has hitherto proved to be a burden instead of a gain, andit is proposed, as speedily as possible consistently with the
interests involved, to dispose of the lands still unsold, and to
invest the proceeds as a permanent source of income. TheTrustees, however, do not conceal from themselves the fact
that there exists cause for solicitude on their part with regard
to the financial condition of the College;and while they must
continue to look to the friends of the Institution for assistance,
they will not fail to use their utmost efforts, consistently with
efficiency, to secure economy, and, if possible, retrenchment.
All of which is respectfully submitted in the name of the
Board of Trustees by' (Signed) JOHN HAMILTON,
Chairman.Queen’s College at Kingston, )
27th April, 1866. f
8
NO. 1.—STATEMENT OF THE OEDINARY REVENUE ANDTHE YEAR ENDING
REVENUE.Government Grant...
Grant from Colonial Committee of the Church of Scotland,£300 Stg.
Temporalities FundDividend at 6 per cent, on 320 shares Bank StockInterest on Mortgages and Bank deposits
Class Fees collected. BalanceRent of School HouseRent from Medical FacultyPasturage
$5000 00
1480 001775 001920 00916 11
796 30179 32250 0012 00
$12,328 73
9
EXPENDITURE OF QUEEN’S COLLEGE AT KINGSTON FORloth APRIL, 1866.
EXPENDITURE.Salaries—Principal Snodgrass
Professor Williamson“ Mo-wat“ Murray“ Bell“ Bell—Balance 1864
Rev. J. H, Mackerras, per Session ...
W. Ireland, Secretary and TreasurerProf. Mowat, Secretary to Senatus...Prof. Murray, Registrar, 2 years ...
Rev. George Porteous, Librarian . ,
.
J. Cormack, Janitor, 9 months
Travelling Expenses of Trustees attending meetingsPrintingAdvertisingInsurance ...
Repairs on Building and Board WalksCampbell and Mowat, SolicitorsLaw costs, paid S. H. StrongTaxes on Lands ...
Prize BooksFuelPostages, Telegrams, &cMiscellaneous charges
Common School Scholarships ...
Foundation Scholarship
Balance
$2400 001600 001500 001500 001200 00200 00800 00846 7040 0080 0053 33225 00
9945 03193 67332 0769 10
238 75190 93145 81140 0029 89106 50
in 2542 5338 85
1599 35157 5040 00
197 50586 85
$12,328 73Queen’s College, Kingston, 14th April, 1866.
W. IRELAND,Secretary & Treasurer.
Audited and found correct as per separate certificate.
Kingston, 23d April, 1866.JAMES RIDDELL,JOHN CREIGHTON.
10
NO. 2.-STATEMENT OF RECEIPTS AND DISBURSEMENTSTHE YEAR ENDING
RECEIPTS.Balance of Cash in Bank 29th April, 1865Balance of Cash on hand 29th April, 1865
Government GrantGrant from Colonial Committee ofChurch of ScotlandGrant from Temporalities BoardBank Dividends...Interest on Mortgages $477 60Interest on Bank deposits 438 51
Fees—Class, Matriculation and Graduation .
Rent of School premisesRent from Medical FacultyRent of Pasturage •
Scholarships and Prize EssaysObservatory ... ...
Bursary account. Balance due last yearFunds for InvestmentAppropriation from Synod for Vault ...
$ 725 46
,48 46
773 925000 001480 001775 001920 00
916 11
1144 80179 32250 0012 00
12677 231072 43500 0093 40
5311 30100 00
7077 13
$20,528 28
11
ON ACCOUNT OF QUEEN’S COLLEGE AT KINGSTON FOR10th APRIL. 1866.
DISBURSEMENTS.Salaries as per Statement No. 1
Disbursements as per Statement No. 1
Common School ScholarshipsFoundation Scholarships
Balance due the Principal last yearProfessor Murray last year ...
Janitor last yearLeitch Memorial Fund
Observatory—^Framing Photograph of Moon.
.
Observer, 12 months salary to
January, 1866Balance on Sidereal ClockExpenses of Lectures . .
.
Carpenter workSundry small items
1st of
Fees—Use of apparatus in Nat. Philo. Class...
Matriculation fees to LibraryCom. for collecting fees Session 1864-65
Library—Balance of Matriculation fees 1864-65Scholarships—On account, as per Statement No. 4...
Cash in BankCash on hand
$9945 031599 35157 5040 00
11741 88800 00750 0075 0090 35
1715 354 00
220 0020 006 156 71
5 71262 57
86 00208 0054 50
348 5096 90
579 31
5783 1661
5783 77
$20,528 28
Queen’s College, Kingston, 14th April, 1866.
W. IRELAND,Secretary & Treasurer.
Audited and found correct as per separate certificate.
Kingston, 23d April, 1866. JAMES RIDDELL,JOHN CREIGHTON.
12
NO. 3.-BALANCE SHEET, SHOWING ASSETS AND IIABILI10th APEIl,
Koyal Charter, cost of $ 3107 37Class apparatus 3633 92Library, expenditure on 3338 94Furniture, &c 1422 09Bank Stoek—320 shares in Commercial Bank of
Canada—at par 32000 00Lands, viz.,
—
16^ acres in Kingston—Nominal value $13200 00100 “ S. i Lot 5, 2d Con., Manvers ... 300 00100 “ N. J Lot 19, 12 Con., Portland ...
64 “ Rear Lot 4, 4 Con. SouthCrosby300 00192 00
100 “ W. i Lot 19, 2 Con., Marmora... 300 00100 “ E. ^ Lot 21, 11 Con., Belmont ... 300 00Lot 4, South side Hannah Street. Hamilton... 100 00
14692 00Queen’s College School and Lot— Cost 1149 54College Premises ... ... 35993 26Mortgages on Real Estate, viz.,
—
A. J. Macdonell 4586 55D. McMillan 150 00J. Neilson 3000 00J. McMahon 800 00W. Smith... 160 00Ralston—“Prince ofWales” Scholarship 400 00Macdonell, do. do. ...
Campbell—“ Mowat ” Scholarship400 00600 00
10096 55Toronto Scholarship Stock—7 shares Commercial
Bank ... ... ... 785 20Kingston Scholarship Stock—10 shares Commercial
Bank 1113 001898 20
Law Costs 750 50Commercial Bank of Canada, viz.,
—
Funds for Investment 5502 92Other Funds 280 24
5783 16Cash on hand... 61
$113,866 14
TIES OF QUEEN’S COLLEGE AT KINGSTON ON THE1866. Cr.
Toronto Scholarship EndowmentKingston “ “
Prince of Wales “
Mowat “ “
Funds for InvestmentScholarshipsObservatoryBalance at credit of Profit and Loss Account
$ 800 001113 00800 00800 00
- 3513 005502 92577 92169 44
104,102 86
$113,866 14
Queen’s College, Kingston, 14th April, 1866.
W. IRELAND,Secretary & Treasurer.
Audited and found correct as per separate certificate.
JAMES RIDDELL.Kingston, 23d April, 1866. JOHN CREIGHTON.
14
NO. 4.-STATEMENT OF EECEIPTS AND DISBUESEMENTS ONDr. yeae ending
RECEIPTS.Montreal Prize for an EssayOttawa Prize for an Essay on account
-Scholarship
-Interest on InvestmentHugh Allan, Esq., Montreal-Prince of Wales ScholarshipTrustees “
Faculty “
John Watkins, Esq. “
Bursary Committee “
Grant from Colonial Committee of Church of Scotland£50 Stg
E. H. Hardy, Esq., Scholarship
St. Andrew’s, Scotland, Scholarship £10 Stg.
Aberdeen University “ £7 Stg.
Toronto Endowment Scholarship—Dividends on Invest
ment '
Kingston Endowment Scholarship—Dividends on Investment...
Mowat Endowment Scholarship—Interest on InvestmentHon. A. Campbell “
Foundation “
Kingston Presbytery “ On account
$40 0020 00
60 0050 00115 8047 0065 0080 0045 00
246 6750 0048 5734 06
42 00
60 0071 3380 0040 0021 80
$1157 23
ACCOUNT OF SCHOLARSHIPS AND PRIZE ESSAYS FOR THE10th APRIL, 1866. ' Gk.
DISBURSEMENTS.Allan Scholarship—Paid S. McMorine on accountTrustees “ Paid W. J. Muckleston on accountFaculty “ Paid Alex. Nicholson “
Watkins “ Paid Robert Crawford “
BursaryConi.“ Paid Robert Campbell “
Col.Commit. “ Paid Wm. McLennan “
Paid Robert Jardine “
Paid John Ferguson “
Paid Daniel McGillivray “
Hardy Scholarship—Paid P. S. Livingston “
St. Andrew’s, Scotland, Scholarship—Paid J. M. Gray onaccount ...
Aberdeen University Scholarship—Paid Robert Cham-bers on account
Toronto Scholarship—Paid J. H. Nimmo on accountKingston “ Paid N. F. Dupuis “
Mowat “ Paid Irwin Stewart “
Campbell “ Paid Wm. Claxton “
Foundation “ Paid F. H. Crysler in full...
Kingston Presbytery Scholarship—Paid Wm. Malloy onaccount
St. Paul’s, Montreal, No. 1 Scholarship—Paid P. C. MeGregor on account
St. Paul’s, Montreal, No. 2 Scholarship—Paid DonaldFraser on account
Balance
25 0017 5032 50—^ 40 0022 50
$27 5025 0025 0020 00
97 5025 00
24 28
17 0321 0030 0034 0061 0040 00
32 00
30 00
30 00577 92
$1157 23
Queen’s College, Kingston, 14th April, 1866.
W. IRELAND,Secretary & Treasurer.
Audited and found correct as per separate certificate.
JAMES RIDDELL.Kingston, 23d April, 1866. JOHN CREIGHTON.
m ERKOR Am APPEAL.'
Mathieson v. Weir.
JUDGMENT.The Judgment of the Court was delivered hyHagarty, J.—I propose, first, to consider the question of
jurisdiction.
The charter authorizes the Trustees to appoint a Principal
and such Professors, Masters and Tutors, and such other ofiicers,
as to them shall seem meet. (Sec. 12.)
As soon as there should be a Principal and one Professor,
the Trustees have authority to constitute the “College Senate”for the exercise of academic discipline, &c., and all the Profes-
sors should be members thereof. (Sec. 29.)
The Trustees have power to make statutes and rules, to
regulate the number, residence and duties of the Professors,
and their salaries, stipends and emoluments, and the same to
revoke, vary and alter. Whenever there should be a Principal
and four Professors, the Senate should have power to confer
Degrees in Arts and Faculties. (Sec. 19.)
The charter was granted in 1842, and in 1853 the then first
Principal, Dr. Cook, was directed by the Trustees to proceedto Scotland and engage Professors for the College
;and the
Plaintiff was offered and accepted the professorship of classical
literature at a salary of £350 a year.
The endowment of the College consisted of gifts and sub-
scriptions. 'No fund or property appears to have been providedfrom any public source. The Crown did nothing beyond grant-
ing the charter. Annual collections are made for bursaries,
and moneys and property, by gift and bequest, have beenobtained from individuals. The Provincial Legislature hasusually made an annual grant to this College with several
others. No particular fund is set apart or exists for the sup-port of this chair of classical literature. The stipend seems to
be paid from the general funds of the College.
2
It seems conceded that to ground the jurisdiction of thecourt there must he the position of trustees and cesti que trust
between the defendants and the plaintiff—that there must bea trust in the sense in which that word is understood, in Courtsof Equity, to warrant its interference.
The charter does not create the office held by plaintiff;his
office is not of the essence of the corporation. The creation ofa chair of classical literature was wholly the act of the trustees
under their chartered powers;they were not bound to create
it, and it was conceded in argument that they have the powerto suppress it altogether. The corporation existed prior to its
creation, and can exist after its suppression, exercising all its
University functions. From the vast mass of cases, bearingmore or less on the question, two or three may be selected.
Whiston V. The Dean and Chapter of Rochester (Y Hare632), decided by Sir James Wigram in 1819, appears not to
have been cited in the court below. The charter of HenryYIII. establishing the cathedral church provided that there
should be always a “Preceptor puerorum in grammatica.” Astated salary was assigned to him from the church funds.
The plaintiff was appointed master of the Grammar Schoolin 1842 at a fixed salary, and in consequence of certain dif-
ferences with the Dean and Chapter, was dismissed by them.
He filed his bill to restrain them from removing him or appoint-
ing a successor, and after a very able argument by Sir J.
Romilly for plaintiff, and Roundell Palmer for defendants. Sir
James Wigram refused with costs a motion for injunction. Hesays :
—“I never entertained a doubt that if it could be estab-
lished that the Dean and Chapter were trustees for the master
of the Grammar School, he would be entitled to the assistance
of the court in enforcing the execution of the trust. If the
appointment of plaintiff as schoolmaster gave him a right to
this stipend prescribed by the statutes as a cesti q%ie trust as
against his trustees, there is no question whatever that the
mere circumstances of defendants being a corporation or an
ecclesiastical body would not remove the case from the juris-
diction of the court.”
After an adjournment to look into authorities, the learned
Judge says :—“The answer that I feel compelled to give, after
examining, I believe, every case that was cited in argumentbearing upon it, is, that this is not a case of trust in the sense
above explained (referring to certain cases). The master, uponthe true construction of the statutes, ought to be considered
only as an officer of the cathedral church appointed for the
3
purpose of performing one of the duties imposed on the church
by the statutes of the founder. I cannot, in this case, for the
purposes of the question I have to determine, distinguish the
position of the master from that of the master in Attorney'
General v. Magdalen College (10 Beaven 402), or from other
cases in the books in which similar questions have arisen
between collegiate bodies and persons holding offices
appointed by the founder, but which persons have not beenmembers of the collegiate body. I cannot, upon the construc-
tion of the statutes in this case, say that the master is not oneof the ‘ ministri ’ spoken of. But if the contrary of this could
be maintained, I cannot discover a ground for holding that the
master is a cesti que trust of the cathedral church only
because he received a stipend, payable out of the commonfunds of the defendants, which would not equally oblige meto hold that every officer, to whom a living and a stipend are
given, is also a cesti que trust. The case of the AttorneyGeneral v. The Magdalen College is a direct authority in point,
and I am satisfied with following that authority. * * *
The only question I have to determine is whether the Court ofChancery, in the exercise of its ordinary jurisdiction by bill in
a case in which no trust exists, can try the right to the office of
schoolmaster, from which the defendants have exercised thepower of excluding him. I am of opinion this question mustbe answered in the negative. Excluding trust, I cannot find
a single authority which supports the proposition.”
The plaintiff afterwards applied to the Queen’s Bench, butfailed there because he had not appealed to the visitor namedby the founder.
Sir James Wigram did not make this any ground of objec-
tion. He said ;—“ Supposing the Bishop to be the Visitor, and
that he has not interfered, I do not know why the court shouldnot, in a plain case, declare the right of the Plaintiff.”
The Attorney General v. Magdalen College was before LordLongdale, M.B. The statutes provided for the perpetualmaintenance of a schoolmaster, with a named stipend, “ out ofthe common goods of our college.”
The Master of the Bolls says :— If, on the true constructionof the statutes, the schoolmaster and usher ought to be con-sidered only as officers appointed, and to be appointed, by theCollege, for the purpose of performing the duty of the college,
in giving instruction to such persons as might attend them, andthe duty of aj)pomting them is not otherwise cmnexed to the mere'projperty of the college than by the obligation to pay certain
4
animal suras of money, and is not of the nature of a trust, theexecution of which it is within the jurisdiction of this court to
enforce, but the observance of which, according to the statutes
of the founder, is to be regulated and enforced, and adequatelyprovided for by the autliority of the Visitor, then this breach ofduty, whatever it may be, ought to be redressed by the Visitor,
and not here. The College has, no doubt, a veryimportant duty to perform with reference to the school, andthe performance of that duty may be enforced by properauthority; but, unless it be a duty founded on a trust whichthis court can execute, the performance of this duty is not to beenforced here. * * * The revenues of the College belong to the
College for its own use, subject, indeed, to the performance of
all duties incumbent on the College to perform, but not subject
to any trust to be executed in this court. * * * Thoughthere is sufficient proof of the duty and obligations, there is not,
in my opinion, evidence of a trust, as the word trust is under-
stood in this court.”
The Vice-Chancellor speaks of the Plaintiff, in this case,
as “ not being a member of the collegiate body.” I do not at
present see that it would have affected his decision had the
master of the school been, by the statutes, a member of the
Chapter.
In the case before us the Plaintiff is certainly a member of
the body corporate. The charter is curiously comprehensive :
it declares that certain ministers and laymen named, “ and all
and every other such person or persons as now is, or are, or shall,
or may at any time hereafter be ministers of the Presbyterian
Church of Canada, in connection with the Church of Scotland,
or members of the said Presbyterian Church, in such connec-
tion, and in full communion with the said Presbyterian Church,
shall be and be called one body corporate and politic,” &c., &c.
The Plaintiff is certainly one of the body corporate;he is also
a member of the College Senate;but he is outside the govern-
ing body of Trustees, to whom the management of the property
and revenues are alone entrusted.
All the cases cited seem distinguishable.
In Dummer v. Corporation of Chippenham, the defendants
held rent charges for the support of a free school, and brought
ejectment against plaintiff, the Master, they having dismissed
him, as he said, corruptly, on political grounds, and not on the
grounds assigned by them. He asked discovery from the cor-
porators named individually, and a demurrer to his bill wasoverruled. Lord Eldon says :—“ Defendants nre entrusted, in
5
tlieir corporate capacity, with the management of certain pro-
perty, clothed with a trust for the maintenance of a school-
master, and for tliis purpose I represent the case thus, that tlie
corporation have the power of nominating the master, and dis-
missing him at their will and pleasure. A corporation, as an
individual, with such a power over an estate devoted to chari-
table purposes, would, in this court, be compelled to exercise
that power—not according to the discretion of this court—but
not corruptly. * * * My opinion is that this is a case in
which the court will call upon individuals to answer.”
Willis V. Child (13 Beav., 117), also relied on, was the case of
the Ludlow School. A school-house was appropriated to andheld by the plaintiff, and all had been settled years before undera scheme for the government of the charity settled by a previous
decree of the Court of Chancery, reported in 3 M. and C. B.The case of Phillips’ charity, ex parte ISTewman (9 Jur. 962),
before Knight Bruce, Yice-Chancellor, was a petition underthe Bomilly Act by the schoolmaster and others. It appearedthat a scheme had been settled some years before by the court
to regulate the Sutton Free School, and the schoolmaster,
besides a fixed stipend, had, after deductions, one half ofcertainrents andprofits. After holding the ofiice some time he wasdismissed, and reinstated by an order of the court in 1839, in a
case not apparently reported. After some years he was againdismissed, and again petitioned, and was again reinstated, the
dismissal being irregular.
In the Fremington School case, ex parte Ward (10 Jur. 512),
a dwelling and school-house had been devised to trustees to
permit and suffer the schoolmaster to occupy while holding the
office, and take the issues and profits, and also certain rents ofother premises were to be paid to the schoolmaster. The Vice-Chancellor held that the master had ‘‘acquired, upon his
appointment, a freehold, or an interest in the nature of a free-
hold and the revenues belonging to it, whether legal or
equitable it is not necessary to inquire. Of course I do notsay that he became an irremovable master. On the contrary,
I assume the competency of the electors or a majority ofthem to remove him for a just cause. This power, however,they were, as I conceive, bound to exercise not otherwise thanjudicially.”
In the Berkhampstead case also (2 Y. and B.), the masterwas entitled to two-thirds of certain funds arising from rentsunder a previous scheme for the charity arranged by decree ofthe court. Lord Eldon said, “ If, in the original instrument,
a trust is expressed as to the application of revenue, this court
has jurisdiction to compel a due application.”
So in the Chipping Sodbury case, before Lord Lyndhurst, the
master had a school-house and residence, and certain moneyshad been contributed to provide a residence, and it was sought
to eject him therefrom.
Where services are wholly in the nature of personal service,
the court will not interfere to restrain the removal of an officer.
The last case on this subject is Muir v. Himalaya Tea Com-pany. (13 L.T. & S., 589.) Wood, Yice-Chancellor, says:
—
Assuming the construction of the deed most favorable to
plaintiff, that he was an irremovable agent on the terms of his
taking the shares, still what could the court do? It could not
act on the contract in equity in favor of the plaintitf, as the
duties of an agent were in the nature of personal service, and,
as such, incapable of being enforced in equity;and so the court
could not enforce the fulfilment of the agreement on the agent.”
The strongest case in favor of plaintiff* is that of Daugars v.
Kivaz, decided in 1860 by Sir John Romilly, Master of the
Kolls (who argued unsuccessfully for the plaintiff in Whiston’s
case, Y Hare). (181 Beav.) Daugars was Pastor of the FrenchProtestant Church in London, and being dismissed by defendant,
the elders and deacons sought to be restored. King Edward YI.had incorporated a church for foreign Protestants, the corpora-
tion being a superintendent and . four ministers. After someyears the Germans and French separated into different congre-
gations. The charter did not provide for the government anddistribution of the funds. The French Church had two minis-
ters, and was governed by a consistory of the two ministers
and the elders and deacons.
The Master of the Rolls says :—“ On examining the rules it
appears that two funds have been created and now exist—onededicated for the support of the poor, and the other for the
maintenance of the ministry and other church matters. * *
Wholly apart from the charter of incorporations, a fund exists
for the support of the ministry of the church. * * * Jt
appears that the funds of the institution are under the control
of the governing body, and the defendants have practically the
power of withholding from plaintiff the emoluments assigned
to and accepted by him. This constitutes a trust which they
have to perform, and which they are bound to perform in
favor ofthe person who fills the office of pastor. And assuming
the plaintiff to be wrongly deposed, I am of opinion the rela-
tions of trustee and cesti que trust does exist between the
elders and deacons and the pastor.”
7
It is to be noted that tbe corporate body under KingEdward’s charter is not a party to the bill. The Master of the
Rolls held this to be unnecessary, and indeed the case seems
to be wholly treated as between individuals. The plaintiff, as
pastor or minister, was one of the consistory of ministers andelders and deacons. His office may be said to be of the
essence of the association, and the existence of the fund for the
ministry and the other purposes seems to be the ground of the
assumption of the relation of trustee and cesti que trust.
The strong impression left on my mind is that in all the
cases in which a Court of Equity has interfered to restore anejected officer, it has been on the ground that there wasa right of some specific kind to moneys or lands appropriated
to the office, as in the case of a schoolmaster to whom a
revenue derived from a specific source, or a house or rent
charge, &c., was directly appropriated, and this, as distin-
guished from a mere claim, to be paid a stipend or allowance
taken from some general fund. In other words, when the
applicant can point to any specific moneys, or any rents or
land, and say that money, rent or house was expressly set
apart for me as holding this office, and was held by others for
the holder of the office, then the court finds the trust established,
and assumes jurisdiction to prevent a wrongful disturbance of
the officer. But when nothing but the right to receive a fixed
stipend out of a common fund of an institution applied to
many various purposes, and especially for the performance of aduty not essential to the existence of the institution, there is
nothing on which the court can properly fasten a trust. I
therefore think the plaintiff fails on this branch of the case.
Mr. Lewis (page 365, 4 Edt., 1861) points out the distinction
thus :—“ With the visitorial power the Court of Chancery has
nothing to do, (the office of Visitor being to hear and determineall differences of the.members of the society among themselves,
and generally to superintend the internal government of the
body, and to see that all rules and orders of the corporation are
observed.) It is only as respects the administration of the cor-
porate property that Equity assumes to itself any right ofinterference.”
There is, of course, a marked distinction between the meredismissal of one salaried officer and the appointment of anotherto succeed him, and a misappropriation of the trust funds. Thelatter case would, I presume, be always open to the jurisdic-
tion of the court, and any person interested could invoke its
aid. But it seems an abuse of terms to call the plaintiff‘’s dis-
8
missal in this case an improper dealing with or perversion of
the trust estate. He, in my opinion, to ground the jurisdiction,
must show that, as regards some portion of the fund, he is cesU
que trusty and the defendants trustees for him.
If there were a Visitor named under the charter, it wouldseem that it would he his province to arrange such a difficulty
as has occurred in this case, following, as it seems, within the
definition given above of the visitorial power.
The jurisdiction and duty of the court, where there is a mis-
appropriation of trust funds, is explained by the Master of
Eolls in the well-known case. Attorney General -y. St. Cross
Hospital. (17 Beav., 266.) There the funds had been actually
perverted from their proper purpose. He says :—‘‘Where there
is a clear and distinct trust, this court administers and enforces
it as much where there is a Visitor as where there is none.
This is clear both in principle and authority. The Visitor
has a common low' office, and common low duties to perform,
and does not superintend the performance of the trust whichbelongs to the various officers, which he may take care to see
are properly kept up and appointed.”
Ho Visitor is named here, and the further difficulty arises
from the fact that the Crown gave no endowment, although
creating the corporation for the public purposes of a University.
In the ordinary case of a royal foundation, the Crown would
be the Visitor, and would, through the Lord Chancellor sitting
in camera, act as such, as Lord Eldon did in 1821, sitting for
the King in the case of Queen’s College (Jacobs 1), directing
what persons were duly elected as Principal and Fellows. LordHardwicke, in Green 'o. Rutherford (a case frequently quoted),
gays:—“The original of all such powers is the property of
donor, and the power every one has to dispose, direct and
regulate his own property, like the case of patronage. If the
charity is not vested in the persons who are to partake, but in
trustees, for their benefit, no Visitor can arise by implication;
but the trustees have that power.” And it was held that there
being a subsequent gift of property, under particular trust, by a
third person not the founder, the Visitor had not jurisdiction
to interfere as to it.
Again, in Attorney General Dedham School (23 Beaven,
256), the Master of the Rolls takes a similar view.
Sir James Wigram says, in Whiston’s case, “ where there is
no Visitor the Court of Queen’s Bench may be the proper court
to redress the wrong.”
On this branch of the case, I am of opinion that, if the
9
alleged breacli of trust were such as on the authority of the cases
could be cognizable in equity, the existence of a Visitor wouldnot necessarily be a bar. I have met with no case like the
present, in which a professor in a college, under such a charter
as this, has sought for reinstation. I see nothing in the volu-
minous statement of facts laid before us to induce us to make aprecedent, if there be none. As Buller, J., says, in Eex v. Bishopof Ely (2 T. R. 33Y) :—“ I have never been inclined to assumea jurisdiction on any subject which I have not found to havebeen previously exercised by the court, particularly in ques-
tions between members of the colleges of the universities. Insuch cases my inclination is against the jurisdiction of the
court, unless I am compelled by legal authorities to sup-
port it.”
IJnless the right of plaintiff to the intervention of the court
were most clearly shown, I think if the court have discretion to
refuse interference, that this is preeminently a case in. whichthe plaintiff should have been left to seek a compensation in
damages, if wrongfully dismissed. It is of vital importance to
such an institution that confidence and harmony should exist
between the trustees and the professors. That an apparentlyirreparable breach has widened between them is apparent onthe facts before us.
The remarks of Knight Bruce, Yice-Chancellor, in Pickeringand Bishop of Ely (2 Y . & C.C.O. 249), are in point. Plaintiff
held the ancient office of Receiver-General of the Diocese ofEly by grant from the Bishop, binding on his successors for life,
with an annuity of £10 from the revenues, with diet for himselfand forage for horses. A large portion of his fees were fromdrawing diocesan leases, &c. He filed his bill to restrain theBishop from taking away from him this conveyancing business.
The Yice-Chancellor says :—“ Being of opinion that the alleged
rights of the plaintiff, in the breadth and length in which heclaims to be protected in them, are of a nature neither usualnor convenient, nor without hardship or pressure upon theBishop, I consider it more fit for a Court of Equity to leave theplaintiff to obtain redress by damages or otherwise, in a courtof law, than to exercise its peculiar jurisdiction by compellingthe Bishop specifically to submit to the practical exercise ofsuch rights, if rights they be.” He then notices the want ofmutuality, and that if the Bishop sued plaintiff in equity tocompel a performance of his duties, he would be refused relief.
He says on that and the other grounds he dismisses the bill.
The same Judge comments approvingly on this case, in a
10
case some years later, of Johnston v. Shrewsbury Eailway Co.
(3 D. G. M. & G. 927).
A large number of the cases cited have been decided understat. 52 Geo. III. ch. 101 (called Sir S. Eomilly’s Act), passedin 1812, the proceedings being avowedly under that statute.
It enacts, that in every case of a breach of any trust, or
supposed breach of any trust, created for charitable purposes,
or whenever the direction or order of a court of equity shall
be deemed necessary for the administration of any trust for
charitable purposes, it shall be lawful for any two or more per-
sons to present a petition to the Lord Chancellor, &c., stating
such complaint, and praying such relief as the nature of the
case may require,” &c. Such petition has to be verified in a
particular manner, and shall be first allowed by the AttorneyGeneral. An appeal is allowed to the House of Lords.
The Berkhampstead case, the Fremington School case, andPhillip’s Charity, &c., were all expressly under this act. TheLudlow case (Willis v. Childe) was under a special act, 9 and10 Yic. ch. 18. Grammar schools are regulated by 3 and 4Yic. ch. 77.
This act may be regarded as affecting procedure, rather thanjurisdiction, as we find cases in which the court decline dis-
posing of large questions on petition under the act, but direct
parties to proceed by information (15 Sim. 262, Tudor’s Char.
Trusts, 148, 175.)
It would not be right perhaps for this court to dismiss the
plaintiff’s bill for want of equity, without expressing an opinion
on the nature of his appointment, and the right to dismiss himon the part of the trustees.
The late learned Yice-Chancellor Esten, in his short judg-
ment on granting the interim 'injunction, considered that the
plaintiff held his appointment during good behaviour, while
the duties of his office were performed;that his legal remedy
was inadequate, and that he was entitled to the protection of
the court.
After the evidence was taken before the learned Chancellor
at Kingston, he appears to have held that as the legal question
had been determined by the Yice-Chancellor, he thinks heshould hold the plaintiff entitled to a decree, although hedoubted the jurisdiction of the court to interfere.
On the re-hearing, the only reported judgment is that of mybrother Spragge, who reviewed the authorities, and decided in
favour of the existence of the jurisdiction, and for the full relief
of the plaintiff, but without express reference to the question
whether the case was such as called for its exercise.
11
As to the tenure of office, the charter gives no express
directions on this point, and Yice-Chancellor Esten says that
the trustees have power to appoint for life, or for a term of
years, or during pleasure.”
Apart from any implication of law arising from the nature of
plaintiff’s office under the charter, we see nothing in the
evidence of any contract for any engagement of plaintiff
beyond a general hiring, which the law would probably hold
to be a yearly hiring, determinable, as such, in the usual man-ner.
The charter gives full powers to the trustees to regulate the
number, residence and duties of the professors, the manage-ment of the revenues and property of the college, and the
stipends, &c., of the professors, officers and servants thereof, andalso from time to time to vary and alter their statutes.
Section 15 enacts, that if any complaint respecting the con-
duct of the principal, or any professor, master, tutor, or other
officer of the college, be made to the trustees, they mayinstitute an inquiry, and in the event of any impropriety of
conduct being duly proved, they shall admonish, suspend, or
remove the person offending, as to them may seem good.
(Sec. 16). Provided always, that the grounds of such admoni-tion, reproof, suspension or removal, be recorded at length in
the books.
Section 25 provides, that five trustees, lawfully convened,shall be a quorum for dispatch of business, except for the dis-
posal and purchase of real estate, or for the choice or removalof the principal or professors, for any of which purposes there
shall be a meeting of at least thirteen trustees.
If the effect of these clauses be to prevent the removal of aprofessor, except for impropriety of conduct, &c., the view ofthe late Yice-Chancellor, as to a power to appoint duringpleasure, can hardly be sustained.
The sections, no doubt, allow such a complaint to be made,and an inquiry and a power of correction or removal
;and it is
further clearly provided, that a professor cannot be removedexcept at a meeting of at least thirteen trustees.
If the effect of the charter be, that the tenure of office of aprofessor is for life, subject to removal only for expressedimpropriety of conduct, then it seems to me that the trustees
could not lawfully appoint, during their own pleasure, as mybrother Spragge points out at page 399 of his judgment. (Seealso Darlington School case, 6 Q. B. 682
;and per Lord Lynd-
hurst, 8 Law Journal, 10.)
12
The plaintiff, under the charter, is a member of the senate.
As such, it may be argued that he is a corporate officer, andfalls within the rule to be found in many books, that, as in
Grant on Corporations, 31, Where a charter gives power to
appoint an officer, an appointment for life will be intended,unless it appears otherwise, either from other parts of thecharter, or the nature of the office.”—Comyn’s Digest, Fran-chise, F, 32.
It is not easy to find any direct authority as to the tenure ofa professor. Is it an office in the sense used in many of the text
writers ? Is he a public officer in the same sense ?
In a removal case, reported in 7 East 167, Kex v. Mersham,the question was whether a person came within the statute
3 Wm. and Mary, ch. 11, as ‘Gioldiug a public office or
charge.” Lord Ellenborough says :— An office must bederived immediately or mediately from the crown, or be con-
stituted by statute;and this is neither one nor the other, but
merely arising out of a contract with the parish, which the
parish officers, with consent of parishioners, are by the statute
enabled to make with any persons, for the maintenance andemployment of the poor. The question might admit of a dif-
ferent consideration, if any distinction had been established
between 2i.pul)liG office and a public charge ' but I can find nosuch distinction, either in any adjudged case, or in the sense of
the statute.” Again he says :—‘‘ Perhaps the best criterion for
determining whether this man were an officer, was to consider
whether he were indictable for the negligent discharge of the
duty which he engaged to discharge.” Lawrence, J., says :
—
This is clearly no office, but an employment arising out of acontract.”
Baggs’ case (11 Kep. 98) is always cited on this subject of
tenure;but it concerns the disfranchising of a freeman in a
borough.The Darlington School case (6 Q. B. 682) reviews many of
the authorities. There the schoolmaster, under the charter,
was removable in the discretion of the governors. ChiefJustice Tindal notices the plaintiff’s contention that his
appointment was during good behaviour;
“ so that he hadin contemplation of law a freehold in his office.
* * If hehad, as in Baggs’ case, a freehold in his freedom for his life,
and with others in their politic capacity, an inheritance in the
lands of the corporation;
or if the office of schoolmaster
resembled that of a parish clerk, as in Gaskin’s case (8 T. R.
209), the inference drawn from these cases would be correct.
13
But, looking to the terms of Queen Elizabeth’s Patent, wethink the office in question is in its original creation deter-
minable at the sound discretion of the governors, wheneversuch discretion is expressed
;and that it is, in all its legal
qualities and consequences, not a freehold, but an office adlibitum only.” —He subsequently declares that whatever tenure was created
by the charter, the governors had no power to make bylawsaltering it.
As to corporate offices, it had long been asserted on Baggs’
case “ that there can be no power of amotion unless given
by charter or prescription.” Lord Mansfield, in Bex d.
Richardson (1 Bur. 539) says:—“We think that from the
reason of the thing and from the nature of corporations, andfor the sake of order and government, this power is incident as
much as the power of making by-laws.”
But the chief difficulty with us is, whether the office of the
plaintiff is in itself of that public character which warrants the
interference of either a court of law or equity, beyond the
investigation of any claim for pecuniary damages from awrongful dismissal.
Queen’s College had no public endowment or foundation.
It has a royal charter of incorporation—a power to grantdegrees, but no right of visit or inquiry was reserved to the
crown.The case cited of Gibson 'y. Ross (7 Cla. & F. 250), in the
House of Lords, expressly decides that the mere fact of beingincorporated by charter did not make the Tain Academyother than a private institution. The Lord Chancellor (Cot-
tenham) says :—“ It has been decided that when individuals
establish a school to be maintained from private funds, theregulations under which public schools are conducted are notto be deemed applicable to them. A public schoolmaster is apublic officer, and as such he cannot be dismissed without anassigned and sufficient cause. But it is clear that in the case
of a private trust this rule does not apply. * * Then arises
another question, namely, one relating to the effect of anincorporation. I asked, in the course of the argument,whether there was any line of distinction drawn between thecase of a private establishment, the members of which hadbeen incorporated, and a case in which no such incorporationhad taken place, and I could not find that any such distinctionhad ever been adopted. If so, then I am sure that your lord-
ships would not for the first time introduce a distinction
;
14
nothing could more disturb the arrangement of a privateestablishment than that a subordinate officer in it should beconsidered to have a fee in his office.”
Again, If the charter of incorporation impose any restric-
tions on them, they would by the acceptance of it be con-sidered to enter into a contract with the crown to exercisetheir authority, subject to these restrictions. * It is
clearly established that a private society would have the rightto dismiss a master, and there is no difference here betweenthese parties and any other private society, except that theseparties are incorporated.
Lord Hardwicke said, in Attorney-General 'y. Place (2 Atk.
88), “ The charter of the crown cannot make a charity more or
less public, but only more permanent than it would otherwisebe, but it is the extensiveness which will constitute it a publicone.” This was a case merely on the construction of words ofbequest in a will.
'
The subject is much discussed in 2 Kent’s Commentaries,276. He says :— An hospital founded by a private benefac-
tor is, in point of law, a private corporation, though dedicated
by its charter to general charity. A college founded andendowed in the same manner is a private charity, though fromits general and beneficial objects it may acquire the character
of a public institution. * * Every charity which is exten-
sive in its object may, in a certain sense, be called a public
charity, nor will a mere act of incorporation change a charity
from a private to a public one. * * A charity may bepublic though administered by a private corporation. * *
The charity of almost every hospital and college is public,
while the corporations are private. To hold a corporation to
be public because the charity was public, would be to confoundthe popular with the strictly legal sense of terms, and to jar
with the whole current of decisions since the time of LordCoke.” At page 298 the same author points out the distinc-
tion between “amotion” and “disfranchisement,” the formerapplying to officers, the latter to members.In the celebrated case of Bowdoin College (Allan 'o. McKean,
1 Sum. 277), Mr. Justice Story elaborately reviews the law
;
noticing at large the equally famous Dartmouth College case
(4 Wheaton, 534), he says, “ that Chancellor Kent has stated
the law with his usual accuracy and clearness ;” and adds,“ that a college, merely because it receives a charter fromgovernment, though founded by private benefactors, is not
thereby constituted a public corporation, controllable by the
15
government, is clear beyond all doubt. So tlie law wasunderstood hj Lord Holt in his celebrated judgment in Phil-
lips V. Bury (2 T. E. 346).”
He proceeds, if we examine the charter of Bowdoin Col-
lege, we shall find that it is a private, and not a public corpora-
tion. It answers the very description of a private college, as
laid down by Chief Justice Marshall, in Dartmouth College v.
Woodward. It is an eleemosynary institution, incorporated
for the purpose of perpetuating the application of the bountyof the donors to the objects of that bounty. Its trustees wereoriginally named by the founder, and invested with the powerof perpetuating themselves. They are not public officers, nor
is it a civil institution, but a charity school or a seminary of
education, incorporated for the preservation of its property,
and the perpetual application of that property to the objects of
its creators.”
It is not expressly stated in the report, but it may be inferred,
that Bowdoin College had university powers to grant degrees,
as in one of the by-laws it speaks of “fees for any diploma or
medical or academical degree.”
Dartmouth College was, by royal charter, empowered to
grant “ any such degree and degrees as are usually granted in
either of the universities or any other college in Great Britain.”
Queen’s College is a very wide corporation, embracing all
members and laymen of the Presbyterian Church in Canada in
connection with the Church of Scotland, in full communionwith said church. The government is vested in twenty-seventrustees, and all the congregations in the province admitted onthe roll of the Synod may name one person, who shall be puton a list of names, from which, under certain restrictions, newtrustees must be selected.
I am not prepared to hold that to this corporation we are
not to apply the rules of law referred to as governing suchinstitutions in the two American cases.
It rests wholly with the trustees to create the office of a pro-
fessor, and such an office is not, as it seems to me, of theessence of the corporation. The latter could exist without it.
If the charter were silent as to provisions for the removal ofa professor, I should at once hold that such an officer is
removable by the trustees, and his office or situation at onceby their decision be vacant, subject to any claims for salary in
the usual way, if the engagement be of a yearly nature;but
not subject to any jurisdiction of either a court of law or equityto restore
;that the service would be of a peculiarly personal
16
oliaracter, and damages for any proved breach of contract theonly remedy.
It is conceded that the trustees could abolish the chair of
classical literature, and that its incumbent’s rights would cease
with it.
Mr. Weir could be “ amoved ” from the office of professor,
although he could not, without cause, be disfranchised ” as amember of the corporation, according to Chancellor Kent’sdefinitions. His dismissal from his situation still leaves him amember of the corporate body.
It seems also conceded that the trustees can alter and regu-
late the emoluments of any professor.
This power is important to be considered. Unless the plain-
tiff can maintain his right to a legal interest or estate in the
office and its emoluments, as they were at his induction—if hobe always liable to any reduction in the discretion of the trus-
tees, or to an optional abolition of the office by the same body,it seems more a matter of form than substance to urge his right
to a restoration by legal process.
The office is not essential to the existence of the corporation,
or to the discharge of its functions;
it exists at the discretion
of the trustees, and its emoluments depend also on them.It only remains to consider if the words of the charter
restrict the right of removal, which (in the absence of such
words) I think clearly exists.
It seems apparent, I think, that any removal of a professor
mnst be at a meeting of at least thirteen trustees (Charter,
sec. 25.)
The supplemental answer shows that this took place in May,1865, after the bill filed.
But does section 15 declare the only manner and the only
cause for which a professor can be removed ? “ If any com-plaint respecting the conduct of the principal, or any professor,
master, tutor or other officer of the said college, be at any timemade to the board of trustees, they may institute an inquiry,
and in the event of any impropriety of conduct being dulyproved, they shall admonish, reprove, suspend or remove the
person offending, as to them may seem good;provided always,
that the grounds of such admonition, reproof, suspension or
removal, he recorded at length in the books of the said board.”
These sections do not seem to have been followed in the
plaintiff’s case. Is he still, therefore, de jure, professor of
classical literature ?
If a professor can only be removed in the manner prescribed
17
by this section, the same rule must certainly apply to the other
persons named, viz., ‘‘ masters, tutors and other officers.” Allof whom would be equally irremovable except as therein pro-
vided. Sir James Wigram, in the case already cited, pointed
out that if the master of the grammar school could make out
the existence of a trust in his favor, the “ Janitor,” on beingdischarged, might equally come to court for restoration.
A master or tutor, casually employed, or any other of the
many ‘‘officers” about a University, might, on one construction
of this section, be equally irremovable with the Principal.
Once granted that the office is one under the original charter,
in the sense contended for by plaintiff, it seems to follow on theauthorities that its holder takes it with all its original rights of
tenure, and that even by agreement he cannot be reduced to alesser interest.
We may give effect to the 15th and 16th sections by confin*
ing them to cases in which, on complaint made, the officer canbe dismissed, leaving him no claim for legal damages thereby.
This would be a dismissal for cause.
On the other hand, a dismissal such as took place in this
case, at the May meeting, would be at the discretion of the
trustees, and may leave them liable to an action for arrears of
salary, in the absence of a notice terminating at the propertime, on the usual principle.
There seems no alternative between this construction anddeclaring that every professor, master, tutor, or other officer,
holds his appointment irremovable, except for cause, in strict
pursuance of the 16th section.
The words used in the charter declare no distinction betweenthe higher and the lower officers, and the rights urged byplaintiff must, if he succeed, be conceded to many below himin position.
^
I have already stated that I consider he fails to establish his
rights merely as inherent to his holding of such an office undersuch a charter, and that his main dependence must be that anyproceeding to oust him must be under those sections.
We should pause long before giving effect to plaintiff’s argu-ment, with all its inevitable consequences.As Lord Cottenham said in Gibson v. Poss (7 Clk. & F. 250),
“ There are many cases in which it would be highly inex-pedient for the interests of a body like these trustees, that aman should continue in his situation, though it might be diffi-
cult > to show a legal ground for his removal. He may beunsuccessful in the discharge of his duties : he may h'ave great
18
abilities, but yet be unable effectually to exert them in the
instruction of his pupils. This might be great evil to an insti-
tution of this nature, and yet it might not amount to a causewhich in a court of justice would justify the dismissal of the
master. At the same time it must be admitted that thecircumstances I have mentioned would form a good ground for
desiring the master’s dismissal.”
It is needless to enlarge this list of actual, though not perhapslegal disqualifications. An unstained moral character, highintellectual attainments, and unsparing activity in the dis-
charge of duty, may, and often do, co-exist with unhappy formsof temper, restless irritability and morbid sensitiveness, or
jealousy, which may utterly unfit their possessor for the useful
discharge of the delicate duties of education, and the creation
of respect and confidence amongst fellow-workers and pupils.
The court anxiously avoided all intermeddling with the
merits or demerits of individuals in the unfortunate disputes
that have resulted in this litigation.
It is sufficient to say that, wherever the blame rested, astate of things was disclosed most injurious to the best interests
of Queen’s College.
We are anxious to carry out the benevolent directions of
the last section of the royal charter, which enjoins on courts of
justice that its language “ shall be construed and adjudged in
the most favourable and beneficent sense for the best advantageof our said college.”
I have bestowed much consideration on the argument of
plaintiff as to his legal right as professor, and have at last
(although not without some doubt), arrived at the conclusion
that he was removable by the trustees, at a meeting wherethe statutable number of members was present, although not
for cause under the 15th section.
I think the appeal must be allowed—that the plaintiff’s bill
in the court below should be dismissed. I think the case
against him, as to the want of jurisdiction in the court below,
is reasonably clear;that his interest in his office is not such as
he claims;and lastly, that the case disclosed is one in which
neither a court of equity nor law should interfere, except onthe very clearest and most conclusive pressure of authority andprecedent.
19
Tuesday the Twenty-fourth day of Aprils in the Twenty-ninthyear of the reign of Her Majesty Queen Victoria^ and in
the year of our Lord 1866.
IN CHANCERY.VICE-CHANCELLOR SPRAGOE.
BetweenTHE REVEREND GEORGE WEIR,
Plaintiffs
AND
The Reverend Alexander Mathieson, The Rever-end Hugh Urquhart, The Reverend AlexanderSpence, The Reverend John McMorinb, The Rever-end William Maxwell Inglis, The Reverend JamesWilliamson, The Reverend Duncan Morrison, TheReverend George Bell, The Honourable JohnHamilton, John Paton, George Davidson, GeorgeNeilson, John Cameron, Alexander McLean, HughAllan, Alexander Morris, George Malloch, Alex-ander Logie, The Reverend John Cook, D.D., TheReverend James C. Muir, D.D., The Reverend JohnBarclay, D.D., John Thompson, John Greenshields,Edward Malloch, Andrew Drummond, and Queen’sCollege at Kingston,
Defendants.
Upon motion made imto this Court on the sixteenth andtwenty-third days of April instant, on behalf of the above-
named Defendants, who have answered the Plaintiff’s bill in
this cause for an order to carry into effect the order and judg-
ment of the Court of Error and Appeal, made upon the appealfrom the decree of this Court by the said last-mentioned
Defendants, and bearing date the sixteenth day of March last,
in presence of Counsel for the said Plaintiff, and for the last-
mentioned Defendants;upon opening of the matters, and upon
hearing read the said order of the Court of Error and Appeal,and the several decrees and orders in this cause, and uponhearing what was alleged by Counsel aforesaid, this Court didorder the said motion to stand over forjudgment, and the samecoming on this present day for judgment, this Court doth orderthat it be referred to to the Master of this Court, to take anaccount of the sums of money, in and by the said order onappeal, ordered to be repaid by the said Plaintiff to the said
Defendants, Queen’s College, at Kingston, including the sumof seven hundred and fifty dollars paid by the Defendants,Queen’s College, at Kingston, under the order of this Court,
20
bearing date the tliirty-first day of October, one thousand eight
hundred and sixty-four;and this Court doth further order
that the Plaintiff do pay to the Defendants, who have answeredthe said bill, their costs of this suit, to be taxed by the said
Master, including the costs of the motion for an injunction, and‘the costs of the rehearing, and to repay to the said Defendantsthe deposit and the other costs, if any, of the said rehearing,
deceived by the Plaintiff from the said Defendants. And this
Court doth further order that the bonds filed by or on behalf of
the said Defendants by way of security for the performance of
the decree, and for the costs of the said appeal, respectively bevacated and discharged.
(Signed)
A. GKANT,- Registrar.
