Cambridge University Press Raymond Murphy Excerpt More …assets.cambridge.org/97805215/20614/excerpt/... · 2006. 11. 24. · UNITÉ 1 am/is/are (forme afﬁrmative et négative)

UNITÉ

1 am/is/are (forme affirmative et négative)

2

A

B

C

am/is/are (forme interrogative) ⇒ I’m hungry / it’s cold etc. ⇒ there is/are ⇒I/me etc. ⇒ a/an etc. ⇒ UNITÉ 64UNITÉ 58

UNITÉ 37UNITÉ 3UNITÉ 2

Am/is/are sont les formes du présent du verbe be (= être):

● I’m tired this morning. Je suis fatigué ce matin.● I’m a student. My sister is a teacher. Je suis étudiant. Ma sœur

est enseignante.● John is in bed. He’s ill. John est au lit. Il est malade.● My car is very old. Ma voiture est très vieille.● Ann and I are good friends. Ann et moi sommes de bonnes amies.● You’re very busy today. Vous etes très occupé …● Your keys are on the table. Tes clés sont sur la table.

● I’m a student. I’m not a teacher. Je suis … Je ne suis pas …● Jane isn’t at home at the moment. She’s at work.

… n’est pas … Elle est …● My room isn’t very big but it’s nice. … n’est pas … elle est …● Those people aren’t English. They’re Australian. … ne sont pas anglais. Ils sont …

Pour dire l’heure, on emploie It’s …

● It’s one o’clock. / It’s 8.15. / It’s half past ten.Il est une heure. / Il est huit heures et quart. / Il est dix heures et demi.

that’s = that is there’s = there is here’s = here is

● Thank you. That’s very kind of you. Merci. C’est très gentil …● Look! There’s Chris. Regarde! Voilà Chris.● ‘Here’s your key.’ ‘Thank you.’ ‘Voici votre clé.’ ‘Merci.’

forme affirmative forme négative

I am (I’m)

he (he’s)she is (she’s)

it (it’s)

we (we’re)you are (you’re)they (they’re)

I am not (I’m not)

he (he’s not ou he isn’t)she is not (she’s not ou she isn’t)

it (it’s not ou it isn’t)

we (we’re not ou we aren’t)you are not (you’re not ou you aren’t)they (they’re not ou they aren’t)

}

}

}

}

My name is Lisa. I’m 22.

I’m American. I’m from Chicago.

My favourite colour is blue.

My father is a doctor and my mother is a journalist.

My favourite sports arefootball and swimming.

I’m a student.

I’m not married.

Here’s your key.

Thank you.

You’re very busy today.

D

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EXERCICESUNITÉ

1

3

1.1

1.2

1.3

1.4

1.5

Écrivez les formes contractées (she’s/we aren’t etc.).

she’s1 she is .................. 3 it is not ................................... 5 I am not ...................................

2 they are ................................... 4 that is ................................... 6 you are not ...................................

Insérez am, is ou are dans les phrases suivantes.

is1 The weather ....... nice today. 5 Look! There ...................... Carol.

2 I ...................... not tired. 6 My brother and I ...................... good tennis players.

3 This bag ...................... heavy. 7 Ann ...................... at home. Her children ...................... at school.

4 These bags ...................... heavy. 8 I ...................... a taxi driver. My sister ...................... a nurse.

Rédigez des phrases complètes en utilisant is/isn’t/are/aren’t.

Your shoes are very dirty.1 (your shoes very dirty) .................................................................

2 (my brother a policeman) ......................................................................................................................................................................

3 (this house not very old) ........................................................................................................................................................................

4 (the shops not open today) ...................................................................................................................................................................

5 (my keys in my bag) ...................................................................................................................................................................................

6 (Jenny a good swimmer) .........................................................................................................................................................................

7 (you not very tall) ........................................................................................................................................................................................

Rédigez des phrases similaires à celles de Lisa (Unité 1A) vous concernant.

1 (name?) My ................................................................ 5 (father’s or mother’s job?)

2 (from?) I ........................................................................ My ..............................................................................................................

3 (married?) I ................................................................. 6 (favourite colour or colours?)

4 ( job?) .............................................................................. My ..............................................................................................................

Écrivez des phrases correspondant aux illustrations. Utilisez: angry happy sad strong tall tired

1 ............................... 3 They ............................................... 5 ...............................................She’s happy.2 He ............................................... 4 ........................................................... 6 ...............................................

Rédigez des phrases affirmatives ou négatives vous concernant. Utilisez am / am not / is / isn’t / are / aren’t.

I’m a student (ou I’m not a student.)1 (I / a student) ..........................................................................................

2 (I / tired) I .........................................................................................................................................................................................................

3 (it / very late) It ............................................................................................................................................................................................

4 (my hands / cold) ........................................................................................................................................................................................

5 (Canada / a very big country) ............................................................................................................................................................

6 (diamonds / cheap) .....................................................................................................................................................................................

7 (I / a good dancer) ......................................................................................................................................................................................

8 (Brussels / in France) ................................................................................................................................................................................

1 2 3 4 5 6






UNITÉ

2 am/is/are (forme interrogative)

4

A

B

C

I am

heshe is

it

weyou arethey

}

}

am I?

he?is she?

it?

we?are you?

they?

}

}

forme affirmative forme interrogativeWhat’s your name?

David.

Are you married?

No. I’m single.

Where are you from? Manchester.

Are you a student? Yes, I am.

Yes, I am.

heYes, she is.

it

weYes, you are.

they

}}

}}

No, I’m not.

he’s heNo, she’s not. ou No, she isn’t.

it’s it

we’re weNo, you’re not. ou No, you aren’t.

they’re they

}

}

}

}

}

}

}

}● ‘Are you tired?’ ‘Yes, I am.’● ‘Are you English?’ ‘No, I’m not, I’m Scottish.’● ‘Is your friend English?’ ‘Yes, he is.’● ‘Are these your keys?’ ‘Yes, they are.’● ‘That’s my seat.’ ‘No, it isn’t.’

Il est aussi possible de répondre par Yes ou No, mais les formes ci-dessus sont plus polies.

That’smy seat.

No, itisn’t.

am/is/are ⇒ I’m hungry / it’s cold etc. ⇒ forme interrogative ⇒what/which/how ⇒ UNITÉ 46


● ‘Am I late?’ ‘No, you’re on time.’ ‘Suis-je en retard?’ ‘Non, tu es à l’heure.’● ‘Is your mother at home?’ ‘No, she’s out.’ ‘Est-ce que ta mère est à la maison?’ ‘Non, elle est sortie.’● ‘Are your parents at home?’ ‘No, they’re out.’

‘Est-ce que tes parents sont … ?’ ‘Non, ils sont sortis.’● ‘Is it late?’ ‘No, It’s only nine o’clock.’ ‘Est-ce qu’il est tard?’ ‘Non. Il est …’● Your shoes are nice. Are they new? Tes chaussures sont jolies. Sont-elles neuves?

Where … ? / What … ? / Who … ? / How … ? / Why … ?

● Where is your mother? Is she at home? Où est ta mère? Est-elle à la maison?● ‘What colour is your car?’ ‘It’s red.’ ‘De quelle couleur est ta voiture?’ ‘Elle est rouge.’● How much are these postcards? Combien sont ces cartes postales?● Why are you angry? Pourquoi es-tu fâché?● ‘Where are you from?’ ‘Switzerland.’ ‘D’où venez-vous?’ ‘De Suisse.’

where’s = where is what’s = what is who’s = who is

● Where’s Jill? Où est Jill?● What’s the time? Quelle heure est-il?● Who’s that man? Qui est cet homme?

Réponses brèves






EXERCICESUNITÉ

2

5

What’s your name? (name?) .................................................

(married or single?) ..............................................................................

(American?) ................................................................................................

(a teacher?) ..................................................................................................

(wife a lawyer?) ........................................................................................

(from?) ............................................................................................................

(her name) ...................................................................................................

2.1

2.2

2.3

1 Where’s the camera?2 Is your car blue?3 Is Linda from London?4 Am I a good student?5 Where’s Ann from?6 What colour is your bag?7 Are you tired?8 What day is it?9 Who’s that woman?

A London.B No, I’m not.C Yes, you are.D My sister.E Black.F No, it’s black.G In your bag.H No, she’s American.I Tuesday.

G1 .............

2 .............

3 .............

4 .............

5 .............

6 .............

7 .............

8 .............

9 .............

Choisissez la réponse qui correspond à chacune des questions.

Rédigez des questions avec is ou are en utilisant les mots ci-dessous dans le bon ordre.

Is your mother at home?1 (at home / your mother?) ...........................................................

Are your parents at home?2 (your parents / at home?) ................................................................

3 (interesting / your job?) ..........................................................................................................................................................................

4 (the shops / open today?) ......................................................................................................................................................................

5 (from London / you?) ..............................................................................................................................................................................

6 (near here / the post office?) ...............................................................................................................................................................

7 (at school / your children?) ..................................................................................................................................................................

8 (why / you / sad?) .......................................................................................................................................................................................

Complétez les phrases en utilisant What … / Who … / Where … / How … .

123456

What’s........................................................................................... the time?................................................................................... the bus stop?............................................................................... these oranges?................................................................ your favourite sport?.............................................. the man in this photograph?.......................................................................... your new shoes?

Half past eleven.At the end of the street.£1.20 a kilo.Skiing.That’s my father.Black.

2.4

2.5

1234567

Paul.I’m married.No, I’m Australian.No, I’m a lawyer.No, she’s a designer.She’s Italian.Anna.

Rédigez des questions qui correspondent aux réponses.

Rédigez des réponses brèves, affirmatives ou négatives (Yes, I am. / No, he isn’t. etc.).

No, I’m not.1 Are you married? ................................ 4 Are your hands cold? .......................................................

2 Are you at home? ....................................................... 5 Is it dark now? .......................................................................

3 Is it Monday today? .................................................. 6 Are you a teacher? ..............................................................

PAUL






UNITÉ

3 I’m hungry / It’s cold etc.

6

AI’m hot/cold (J’ai chaud/froid)

● I’m hot. Can I open the window?J’ai chaud. Puis-je ouvrir la fenêtre?

● A: Are you cold? As-tu froid?B: No, I’m OK. Non, ça va.

I’m hungry/thirsty (J’ai faim/soif)

● I’m not hungry. Je n’ai pas faim.● The children are thirsty. Les enfants ont soif.

I’m right/wrong (J’ai raison/tort)

● You’re always right. Vous avez toujours raison.● You’re wrong. Tu as tort.

I’m afraid (J’ai peur)

● Why is John afraid of dogs?Pourquoi John a-t-il peur des chiens?

On emploie am/is/are pour indiquer l’âge:

● I’m 25. ou I’m 25 years old. J’ai 25 ans.● My grandmother is 72. Ma grand-mère a 72 ans.● How old are you? Quel âge avez-vous?

I’m interested in … (Je m’intéresse à …)

● I’m interested in politics.Je m’intéresse à la politique.

● Jenny isn’t very interested in music.Jenny ne s’intéresse pas beaucoup à la musique.

● Are you interested in philosophy?Est-ce que la philosophie t’intéresse?

I’m well (Je vais bien)

● How are you? Are you well? Comment allez-vous? Est-ce que vous allez bien?● Mary isn’t well. She’s at home in bed. Mary ne va pas bien. Elle est …

he’s/she’s/they’re asleep (il/elle dort, ils dorment)

● Joe is in bed. He’s asleep. … Il dort.● Are the children asleep? Est-ce que les enfants dorment?

it’s hot/cold/sunny/dark (il fait chaud/il fait froid/il fait beau/il fait nuit)

● It’s sunny but it isn’t very hot. Il fait beau mais il ne fait pas très chaud.● Is it cold in your room? Est-ce qu’il fait froid … ?● It’s already dark. Il fait déjà nuit.

Notez qu’on emploie it et non pas he pour parler du temps.( He et she s’emploient seulement avec des personnes.)

B Notez les différences entre l’anglais et le français dans les expressions suivantes:

I’m interestedin politics.

I’m hot. Can I open the

window?

35°

I’m afraidof dogs.

Certaines expressions avec be (am/is/are) correspondent à des expressions avec ‘avoir’ en français.

am/is/are etc. ⇒ UNITÉS 1–2






EXERCICESUNITÉ

3

7

Rédigez des phrases correspondant aux illustrations. Utilisez:

afraid asleep hot hungry thirsty wrong

1 He’s hot. 2 She .................................................... 3 They ..........................................................................

4 ............................................................... 5 ............................................................... 6 He......................................................

Complétez les phrases:

Are you1 ‘............................ cold?’ ‘No, I’m OK.’She’s2 ‘How old is your grandmother?’ ‘...................... 72.’

3 ‘In Greece, ................................ hot in August?’ ‘Yes, very hot.’

4 George’s favourite sport is football. ................................ very interested in it.

5 How old is Amanda? ................................ 21 or 22?

6 ‘Are the children in bed?’ ‘Yes, ................................ asleep.’

7 ................................ interested in art?’ ‘Yes, I am. Very much.’

8 ................................ cold. Where’s my sweater?

9 ................................ a nice day today. ................................ warm and sunny.

10 ‘Why ................................ people afraid of snakes?’ ‘Because they’re dangerous.’

11 How is your mother? ................................ well?

Rédigez des phrases affirmatives ou négatives vous concernant.

I’m interested (ou I’m not interested) in politics.1 (interested in politics) ..........................................................................................................................

I2 (hungry) .............................................................................................................................................................................................................

3 (afraid of dogs) ..............................................................................................................................................................................................

4 (cold) ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................

5 (interested in films) ....................................................................................................................................................................................

6 (thirsty) ...............................................................................................................................................................................................................

7 (… years old) ..................................................................................................................................................................................................

3.1

3.2

3.3






UNITÉ

4 I am doing (present continuous)

8

A

B

am/is/are ⇒ are you doing? ⇒ I am doing et I do ⇒ What are you doing tomorrow? (présent avec valeur future) ⇒ UNITÉ 27


Il n’y a pas de forme équivalente au PRESENT CONTINUOUS en français. On emploie normalement le présent (ou ‘être entrain de’ + infinitif) pour décrire une activité en cours ou une habitude.

● Please be quiet. I’m working. … Je travaille. / Je suis en train de travailler.● Look at Sue! She’s wearing her new hat. … Elle porte …● The weather is nice at the moment. It’s not raining. … Il ne pleut pas.● ‘Where are the children?’ ‘They’re playing in the park.’ … ‘Ils jouent dans le parc.’● (au téléphone) We’re having dinner now. Can you phone again later? Nous sommes à table …● You can turn off the television now. I’m not watching it. … Je ne la regarde pas.

Orthographe (⇒ Annexe 5):

come → coming write → writing dance → dancingrun → running sit → sitting swim → swimminglie → lying

Le PRESENT CONTINUOUS se forme de la façon suivante:am/is/are + doing/eating/running/writing etc.

Le PRESENT CONTINUOUS décrit une situation ou une activité en cours:

I’m workingshe’s wearing a hat

they’re playing footballI’m not watching television

She’s eating.She isn’t reading.

It’s raining.The sun isn’t shining.

They’re running.They aren’t walking.

I am (not) -ing I’m working.

he Chris is writing a letter.she is (not) -ing She isn’t eating. (ou She’s not eating.)

it The phone is ringing.

we We’re having dinner.you are (not) -ing You’re not listening to me. (ou You aren’t …)they The children are doing their homework.

}

}

I’meating. We’re

running.

passé ————————- MAINTENANT ————————— futur






EXERCICESUNITÉ

4

9

Regardez l’illustration et rédigez des phrases concernant Jane. Employez She’s -ing ou She isn’t -ing.

Jane isn’t having dinner.1 (have dinner) ..............................................................

She’s watching television.2 (watch television) ...............................................................

3 (sit on the floor) She ............................................................................................

4 (read a book) ..............................................................................................................

5 (play the piano) .........................................................................................................

6 (laugh) .............................................................................................................................

7 (wear a hat) ..................................................................................................................

8 (write a letter) ............................................................................................................

Rédigez des phrases qui correspondent à la situation actuelle.

I’m not washing my hair.1 (I / wash / my hair) .........................................................

It’s snowing. ou It isn’t snowing.2 (it / snow) .............................................................................

3 (I / sit / on a chair) ...................................................................................................................................................................................

4 (I / eat) ..............................................................................................................................................................................................................

5 (it / rain) ..........................................................................................................................................................................................................

6 (I / learn / English) ..................................................................................................................................................................................

7 (I / listen / to music) ...............................................................................................................................................................................

8 (the sun / shine) .........................................................................................................................................................................................

9 (I / wear / shoes) .......................................................................................................................................................................................

10 (I / read / a newspaper) ........................................................................................................................................................................

4.1 Que font ces gens? Complétez les phrases avec les verbes suivants:

She’s eating1 ............................... an apple. 4 .......................................................................... on the floor.

2 He ........................................................ for a bus. 5 ............................................................................... breakfast.

3 They ..................................................... football. 6 .......................................................................... on the table.

Complétez les phrases en utilisant les verbes suivants:

build cook go have stand stay swim work

’m working.1 Please be quiet. I ...........................

2 ‘Where’s John?’ ‘He’s in the kitchen. He ........................................................ .’

3 ‘You ........................................................ on my foot.’ ‘Oh, I’m sorry.’

4 Look! Somebody ........................................................ in the river.

5 We’re here on holiday. We ........................................................ at the Central Hotel.

6 ‘Where’s Ann?’ ‘She ........................................................ a shower.’

7 They ........................................................ a new theatre in the city centre at the moment.

8 I ........................................................ now. Goodbye.

eat have lie play sit wait

4.2

4.3

4.4

1 2 3 4 5 6

JANE






UNITÉ

5 Are you doing … ? (present continuous, forme interrogative)

10

A

B

C

I am doing ⇒ What are you doing tomorrow? (présent avec valeur future) ⇒forme interrogative ⇒ UNITÉS 43–45

UNITÉ 27UNITÉ 4

I am

he doingshe is working

it goingstaying

weyou are etc.they

}

}

am I

he doing?is she working?

it going?staying?

weare you etc.

they

}

}

forme affirmative forme interrogative

● A: Are you feeling OK? Est-ce que tu te sens bien?B: Yes, I’m fine, thank you.

● A: Is it raining? Est-ce qu’il pleut?B: Yes, take an umbrella.

● Why are you wearing a coat? It’s not cold. Pourquoi portes-tu un manteau? …● A: What’s Paul doing? Que fait Paul?

B: He’s reading the newspaper. ● A: What are the children doing? Que font les enfants?

B: They’re watching television. ● Look, there’s Sally! Where’s she going? … Où va-t-elle?● Who are you waiting for? Are you waiting for Sue?

Qui attends-tu? Est-ce que tu attends Sue?

En anglais on emploie le PRESENT CONTINUOUS pour une action ou une activité en cours. En français on emploie le présent.

Observez l’ordre des mots:

is/are + sujet + -ing

Is he working today?Is Paul working today? (et non pas ‘Is working Paul today?’)

Where are they going?Where are those people going? (et non pas ‘Where are going those people?’)

Réponses brèves

No, I’m not.

he’s heNo, she’s not. ou No, she isn’t.

it’s it

we’re weNo, you’re not. ou No, you aren’t.

they’re they

}Yes, I am.

heYes, she is.

it

weYes, you are.

they

}

} }

}

}

}

}

}

}

}

}● ‘Are you going now?’ ‘Yes, I am.’● ‘Is Paul working today?’ ‘Yes, he is.’● ‘Is it raining?’ ‘No, it isn’t.’● ‘Are your friends staying at a hotel?’ ‘No, they aren’t. They’re staying with me.’

What are you doing?






EXERCICESUNITÉ

5

11

5.2

Is Paul working today?1 (working / Paul / today?) .......................................................

What are the children doing? 2 (what / doing / the children?) .....................................................................3 (you / listening / to me?) ........................................................................................................................................................................4 (where / going / your friends?) .........................................................................................................................................................

5 (your parents / television / watching?) .........................................................................................................................................

6 (what / cooking / Ann?) .........................................................................................................................................................................7 (why / you / looking / at me?) ..........................................................................................................................................................

8 (coming / the bus?) .....................................................................................................................................................................................

Regardez les illustrations et complétez les questions en utilisant les verbes suivants:

cry eat go laugh look at read

5.3 Rédigez des questions à partir des mots suivants. Utilisez is ou are et mettez les mots dans le bon ordre.

are you readingWhat .................................. ? What ..........................

.................................... ?

Rédigez des réponses brèves (Yes, I am. / No, he isn’t. etc.).

No, I’m not.1 Are you watching TV? ............................... 4 Is it raining? .........................................................................2 Are you wearing a watch? ................................................ 5 Are you sitting on the floor? ...................................3 Are you eating something? ............................................. 6 Are you feeling well? ....................................................

5.4

5.1 Rédigez les questions à partir des illustrations.

(you/watch/it?)Are you watching it?............................................

No, you canturn it off.

(you/go/now?) ............................................................................ ?

Yes, see youtomorrow.

(it/rain?) ................

................................. ?

No, not atthe moment.

(you/enjoy/the film?) .............

........................................................... ?

(you/write/a letter?) ......................................................................... ?

No, it’sbroken.

Yes, tomy sister.Yes, it’s

veryfunny.

(that clock/work?) ..................................................................... ?

321

654

321

654 Why ............................................................................ ?

What .................................

........................................... ?

Why .............................................................................. ?

Where ......................................she .......................................... ?






Documents

Cambridge University Press Raymond Murphy Excerpt More …assets.cambridge.org/97805215/20614/excerpt/... · 2006. 11. 24. · UNITÉ 1 am/is/are (forme afﬁrmative et négative)