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Camera BasicsIntro to TV Production
It’s like riding a bike…
You can learn to operate a camera only by doing it.
DVCPro Digital Camera
Sony PDX-10
Panasonic DVc30/DVx100
Panasonic DVC 20
FocusHow clear an item appears.Adjustment made to the focal length of the lens.Manual or Automatic.Ring at the front of the lens.
How to Focus
FocusAdjustment made to the focal length of the lens
Important Operational ControlsManual/automatic focus selection – turns automatic focus feature “on” and “off.”
Calibrate the Zoom Lens
Process of setting the focus… Zoom in tight on the first shot. Focus the camera manually using the
focus ring. Zoom out slowly, make sure image
maintains focus. Repeat when you change position
Beware the Auto-Focus
Very bright or low-contrast scenes Can’t tell which image is the focus Left with blurry image Will focus on the most prominent
object closest to the camera
ZOOMThe process of changing the field of view of the camera.Use the rocker switch at front of camera.T= Telephoto, W=WideUse MINIMALLY!!
Optical Zoom Lens
Television Production: A Classroom Approach, 2nd edition
Wide Angle Telephoto
“Zoom Out” “Zoom In”
Optical Zoom LensZooming-in actually lengthens the lens.
That’s why many nature and sports photographers and videographers have long camera lenses.
Digital ZoomCamcorder selects center of image and enlarges it to fill the screen.
Field of View
What you can see Compare to Peripheral Vision Greater zoom, larger field of view
Field of View
Range of Focus
The minimum and maximum distances that an object can be, but yet still be in focus
IrisHow much light is let into the camera
Also called exposure setting
Hot or Cold Running Pictures
Overexposed Underexposed Perfect
IrisControls the opening (aperture) of the lens.
Low light = large aperture
Bright light =small aperture
Zebra Stripes at Work
White Balancing
Do this before focusing Adjusting the red, green and blue
chroma channels in the camera so white looks white on TV
Every time you change lighting/turn camera off
Zoom in on white – press white balance button – scroll/push in - will flash when white
Important Operational Controls
White Balance – adjusts the camcorder’s color response to the surrounding light.
Not white balanced (bluish tint) White balanced (natural tint)
Shutter Speed
Avoids image blur when shooting a fast moving object
Increase for faster moving objects Sony from ¼ to 1/1000 – increased
speed with the smaller number
Important Operational Controls
High-speed shutter – details of fast-moving objects; divides the CCD into sections.
Graphics – built-in titles available on many camcorders. Find out how to TURN THEM OFF!
Macro lensEnables you to
focus on items that are either very small or very close to the camera
Important Operational Controls
Power Switch – usually VCR (for playing), Camera (for recording), and Off
Battery Release – a switch or lever that releases the battery from the camcorder
Important Operational Controls
Recording Start/Stop – pressing once starts recording; pressing again stops recording.
Zoom lens control – “T” for telephoto (zoom in) and “W” for wide angle (zoom out)
Important Operational Controls
Automatic Gain Control (AGC) – boosts the video signal to its optimum output level.
Electronic Image Stabilization (EIS) – corrects shaky video shots by comparing each video frame to the one before.
Important Operational ControlsVideotape Playback Controls – standard VCR controls. Important if you are using your camcorder as a VCR (segment duplication, editing, etc.)
TripodsQuick release system
Mini-Tripod
Monopod