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8/17/2019 Cams c Matter
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CAMBRIDGE SECONDARY ONE SCIENCECHAPTER 5: STATES OF MATTER
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5.1 STATES OF MATTER
Matter
Solids Liqids Gases
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5.1 STATES OF MATTER
Solid Liqid Gas
Has a !i"ed s#a$e Ta%es t#e s#a$e o! its&o'tai'er
Ta%es t#e s#a$e o! its&o'tai'er
(ee$s t#e sa)e *ol)e (ee$s t#e sa)e *ol)e T#e *ol)e &a' a'+e
Ca''ot ,e &o)$ressedor $ored
Ca''ot ,e &o)$ressed,t &a' ,e $ored
Ca' ,e &o)$ressedeasil- a'd &a' ,e $ored
Parti&les are ti+#tl-$a&%ed i' a' orderl-arra'+e)e't
Parti&les to eaot#er ,t 'ot arra'+ed i'a' orderl- )a''er
Parti&les are !ar a$arta'd 'ot arra'+ed i' a'orderl- )a''er
Parti&les &a' *i,ratea,ot a !i"ed $ositio'
Parti&les &a' )o*e $asto'e a'ot#er ,t re)ai'toi'+ ea ot#er
Parti&les &a' )o*e !reel-
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5.2 PARTICLE THEORY
Matter can only !lo. if the paticle! can
)o*e pa!t each othe.
Matter can only a'+e *ol)e if the$arti&les in it can s$read ot o )o*e
&loser to"ethe.
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5.2 PARTICLE THEORY
Soli#!
Soli#! ha$e a fi%e# !hape &eca'!e the
paticle! ae hel# to"ethe &y !ton"attacti$e foce!. The!e foce! sto$ the
$arti&les fo( )o*i'+ ao'n# an#
theefoe) solids &a''ot !lo./The $arti&les ae *er- &lose to"ethe
*hich (a+e! it #ard to &o)$ress a solid/
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5.2 PARTICLE THEORY
Li,'i#!
The attacti$e foce! &et*een the li,'i#
paticle! ae *ea+ eno'"h to allo* the( to )o*e &'t stro'+ e'o+# to #old the(
to+et#er/ Th'!) liqids can !lo./
The $arti&les ae &lose to+et#er an#th'!) liqids &a''ot &e &o)$ressed/
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5.2 PARTICLE THEORY
-a!e!
The $arti&les can )o*e !reel- &eca'!e
thee ae 'o attra&ti*e !or&es &et*eenthe(. Theefoe) +ases can !lo. easil-/
The $arti&les ae !ar a$art an# th'!) +ases
can &e &o)$ressed/
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5. CHA/-I/- STATE
0#e' &ooled
0#e'#eated
0#e'
&ooled
0#e'#eated
I&e 0ater Stea)
Melti'+ Boili'+
Free1i'+ Co'de'satio'
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5. CHA/-I/- STATE
0hen yo' (ea!'e the *ol)e of a liqid
yo' '!e a )easri'+ &-li'der/
The li,'i# fo(! a (eni!c'! at the top.Yo' (ea!'e the $ol'(e fo( the ,otto)
of the )e'is&s/ To #o thi!) yo' ('!t p't
yo' e-e le*el *ith the ,otto) of the)e'is&s/
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5. CHA/-I/- STATE
Measri'+ t#e *ol)e o! .ater i' a )easri'+ &-li'der
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5. CHA/-I/- STATE
0hen yo' (ea!'e te)$eratre2 yo' '!e
a t#er)o)eter/
The liqid in!i#e the the(o(ete e"$a'dsa! it "et! #otter/ Yo' ea# the te(peat'e
fo( the !cale. Place yo' e-e le*el *ith
the to$ of the )e'is&s in the the(o(ete.
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5. CHA/-I/- STATE
Measri'+ te)$eratre si'+ a t#er)o)eter
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5. EPLAI/I/- CHA/-ES OF STATE
0hen solids ae #eated they e"$a'd/
A! #eat e'er+- i! tan!fee# to the
$arti&les2 they *i,rate !aster an# ta+e 'p)ore s$a&e/ Thi! ca'!e! the !oli# to
e%pan#.
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5. EPLAI/I/- CHA/-ES OF STATE
T#e $arti&les *i,rate so )t#at so)e es&a$e t#e stro'+
!or&es a'd &a' )o*e aro'd
as a liqid
T#e $arti&les )o*e so qi&%l-
t#at so)e es&a$e as a +as
T#e $arti&les #a*e so little
e'er+- t#e- &a' o'l- *i,rate
a'd !or) a !i"ed $atter' to
!or) a solid
0#e' t#e $arti&les #it a &old
sr!a&e2 t#eir )o*e)e't slo.s
do.' a'd t#e- +et &loser
to+et#er to !or) a liqid
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