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8/11/2019 Canfora Luciano the Vanished Library a Wonder of the Ancient World
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~ ~ r
of t ncient orld
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T
V NISHED
LI R RY
uciano anfora
Translated
by
rtin
Ryle
UNIVERSII Y OF C LIFORNI PRESS
erkeley Los ngeles
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University
of
California Press
Berkeley and Los Angeles, California
First published by Hutchinson Radius 1989
California Edition Corrected Translation) 1990
1987 Sellerio editore via Siracusa 50 Palermo
Library
of
Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Canfora, Luciano.
[Biblioteca scomparsa, English]
The vanished library / Luciano Canfora : translated
by
Martin Ryle
p. em.
Translation of: La biblioteca scomparsa.
Includes index.
ISBN
0-520-07304-5 cloth .-ISBN 0-520-07255-3 paper)
Alexandria Egypt). Library. 2. Libraries-Egypt-Alexandria
History-to 400. 3. Alexandria Egypt)-Intellectuallife.
4 Alexandria Egypt)-Antiquities. 5 Civilization, Classical.
Title.
Z7
5
C
35
1
3 199
0
026 93
2
-dC20
90-11087
CIP
Typeset by Selectmove Ltd, London
Printed in the United States of America
4 5 6 7 8 9
The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of
American National Standard for Information Sciences - Permanence
of
Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI Z39.48-1984.
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Chronology
ontents
Vll
rt
The Pharaoh s
Tomb
3
2 The
Sacred Library 8
3 The Forbidden City
3
4
The
Fugitive 16
5 The Universal Library 20
6 I leave my books to Neleus 6
7 The
Symposium
30
8 In the Cage of the Muses
37
9 The Rival Library 45
10 Reappearance
and
Disappearance of Aristode
5
I
I
I The Second Visitor
59
12 War 66
3 The Third Visitor 7
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14
The
Library 77
IS
The
Fire 81
16
The
Dialogue of
John
Philoponus with the
Emir Amrou Ibn el Ass while Amrou prepared to
burn the Library 83
Part I References 1
Part
II The Sources
1 7
I
Gibbon 1 9
The
Dialogues ofAmrou
I
IS
3 Revisions of Aristeas
19
4 Aulus Gellius
12
3
5
Isidore
of
Seville 126
6 Livy
132
7
Conjectures 137
8 Hecataeus
145
9
The Elusive Library
147
1 The om of Rameses 161
I
I
Kadesh 166
12
Strabo and Neleus
173
13
Library Traditions
183
14 Conflagrations 19
0
IS
Epilogue
194
Index 199
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c
335
hronolo y
Aristotle founds his school at Athens.
332
Alexander
of
Macedonia enters Egypt.
323
Death of Alexander the Great. Struggle for power among his generals,
the Diadochi : Ptolemy, Seleucus, Antigonus, Antipater and his son
Cassander, Antigonus, Lysimachus, and Eumenes.
Foundation
of
hellenic kingdoms, among them Egypt,
by
the Diadochi.
322 Death of Aristotle.
321
Seleucus
in
power in Babylon.
317 Demetrius Phalereus, philosopher and governor
of
Athens, driven out
of
the
city
by
Demetrius Poliorcetes, son
of
Antigonus. e goes to
Alexandria.
294
Demetrius Poliorcetes becomes king
of
Macedonia.
287
Demetrius driven from Macedonia.
285 Ptolemy
I
Soter Saviour), associates his son Ptolemy Oater Ptolemy
II
Philadelphus ) to the throne
of
Egypt.
284
Lysimachus takes over ail
of
Macedonia and consolidates his position in
Greece.
283
Death
of
Demetrius Poliorcetes and
of
Ptolemy
he great lighthouse at Alexandria on the island
of
Pharos
is
built.
281
Battle
of
COTupedium. Death
of Lysimachu >.
280 Death
of
Seleucus I
of
Babylon and Syria the last
of
Alexander s
generals); Antiochus I succeeds to the throne of the Seleucid or Syrian
empire.
Erection of the Colossus of Rhodes.
277-276
Antigonus Gonatas wins the throne
of
Macedonia.
274-270
First Syrian War: Ptolemy
II
against Antiochus I
of
Syria.
272
Death
of
Pyrrhus, king of Epirus.
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253
246-
2
4
1
23 9
229
22 7
22 2
223
18
7
21
9-
21
7
218 201
217
21
20
5
200
180
ca.
17
1
-
168
17 } 168
The Vanished ibrary
First Punic War: Rome against Carthage.
Second Syrian War: Ptolemy II against Antiochus
II
and Antigonus
Gonatas.
Peace between Egypt and Syria: Antiochus II marries Berenice,
daughter of Ptolemy II
Translation of the Jewish Bible into Greek at Alexandria
by
the Seventy
hence known
as
the Septuagint ).
Third
Syrian War Ptolemy III against Seleucus II).
Death of Antigonus Gonatas.
Democratic revival in Athens.
Democratic reforms
of
Cleomenes at Sparta.
Battle
of
Sellasia, defeat
of
Cleomenes by the Macedonian king:
Cleomenes flees to Egypt.
Antiochus
III,
t he G re at , on the throne
of
Syria.
Fourth Syrian War.
Second Punic War.
Victory of Ptolemy IV at Raphia over Antiochus.
First Macedonian War: Rome against Macedonia.
Death
of
Archimedes.
Antiochus
II I
of
Syria takes J udaea from Egypt.
Titus Quinctius Flamininus proclaims the freedom of Greece
Foundation
of
Library at Pergamum.
Roman victory over Antiochus
II I
at Magnesia.
Peace of Apamea between the Romans and Antiochus III
Aristarchus publishes his edition
of
Homer, dividing the
liad
and
Odyssey each into
24
parts - the basis of the modem text.
Macedonian war Roman victory at Pydna): the historian Polybius
becomes a hostage at Rome.
New outbreak
of
war between Egypt and Syria Ptolemy
VI
and
Antiochus IV
Jewish revolt against Antiochus
IV
led
by
Judas Maccabaeus.
Ptolemy
VI
flees Egypt; division of the kingdom between Ptolemy
VI
and the future Ptolemy
VIII
physcon).
Ptolemy VIII bequeaths his share of the kingdom to Rome.
Third
Punic War.
Macedonia becomes a Roman province.
VIII
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145
145
116
134
88
86
80-5
74
4
>7
67
8
4
8
/47
44
4
2
37/3
6
3
27
17
11
9
A.D.
33
67