Captain Xavier LESCEU Test Pilot TRI/E · • UPRT Training environment common to all Airbus • Full Stall function available on the entire flight domain • Operators flexibility

APATS

Singapore, 28 – 29 August 2018

Automated Stall Entry Captain Xavier LESCEU Test Pilot – TRI/E

Introduction

AIRBUS answers to Regulations

FSTD & Automated STALL Entry

Agenda

August 29 2018 © AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document

© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document

2



Introduction



3

AUPRTA Revision 3: Materials available in:

Airbus World- Content Library- Flight Operations-

Specific Flight Operations Topics- Airplane Upset Recovery

https://www.icao.int/safety/LOCI/Pages/default.aspx

Some minor text clarifications – Updates will be published very soon

New Regulations Requirements regarding UPRT & STALL Training and

associated Training devices


Introduction

4


Description


Introduction



5

Regulations Requirements


• Introduce PREVENTION of an Upset

• Redefine what is an UNDESIRED aircraft state and the STALL

AIRBUS already compliant

with AUPRTA Revision 3

6

Undesired Aircraft State

An Undesired Aircraft State is characterized by unintentional divergences from parameters normally experienced during operations.

An aircraft Upset may involve:

- pitch and/or bank angle divergences, but also

- inappropriate airspeeds for the conditions.

August 29 2018 © AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document 7

Regulations Requirements



Regulation

• Need to comply with LATEST Regulations

• FAA & EASA

Operators

• Communication towards our Operators

Trainers

• Explain why NEW training Recommendations are needed

• Provide these Training Recommendations

8

New Regulations Requirements



Regulations Applicable to Aircrew Regulation Applicable to FSTD

FAA 14 CFR Part 121-424 Training to

Air crew

FAA Part 121-423 Stall Training

EASA Part FCL: UPRT & STALL Training

FAA PART 60 Change 2: Full STALL

capability required in the FSTD

EASA CS-FSTD Issue 2: Full STALL

capability in the FSTD (ED 2018/006/R)

Need for Data Package Update 9

New Regulations Requirements for FSTD © AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document


FAA PART 60 Change 2:

Full STALL required in the FSTD

EASA CS-FSTD Issue 2:

Full STALL requirement available in

the Regulation. Implementation in the FSTD upon Operator decision

• UPRT

• Stall training

• Published on 30 MAR 2016

• Implementation on FSTDs before

12 MAR 2019

• ED 2018/006/R published on 03 May 2018

• UPRT

• Stall Training

• Harmonized with FAA*

* Except for the full Stall

10

New Regulations Requirements: AIRBUS Answers © AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document


AIRBUS Answer To STALL Training Requirement

- Fully compliant Flight Simulation Training Device (FSTD)

- Automated STALL Entry Function (New)

11


Description


Introduction



12

Flight Simulation Training Device (FSTD) &

Instructor Operating System (IOS)

FSTD

- SimPack delivered by Airbus

- Integrated by the training device manufacturer:

- Fully compliant with FAA Part 60 Change 2

- Total free play capabilities ( Stall regime) - Enhanced aerodynamics model (full stall)

- Stall Buffet

- Roll Off

IOS Functions - Developed by the Training Device

Manufacturer

- New IOS pages - UPRT and Stall scenarios

- Provides feedbacks to Instructor

(plots on diagrams, flight controls

positions, etc…)


FSTD: Aerodynamic Model content

item Requirement

i degradation in static lateral-directional stability

I degradation in dynamic lateral-directional stability

ii degradation in control response – pitch

ii degradation in control response – roll

iii Un-commanded roll response

iv Apparent randomness or non-repeatability

v Changes in pitch stability

vi Stall hysteresis

vii Mach effects

viii Stall buffet

ix Angle of attack rate effects

icing Model characteristics in icing conditions

AER MODEL

Requirements already

fulfilled by AIRBUS


FSTD: Other requirements for the Stall Training

item Requirement

i degradation in static lateral-directional stability

I degradation in dynamic lateral-directional stability

ii degradation in control response – pitch

ii degradation in control response – roll

iii Un-commanded roll response

iv Apparent randomness or non-repeatability

v Changes in pitch stability

vi Stall hysteresis

vii Mach effects

viii Stall buffet

ix Angle of attack rate effects

icing Model characteristics in icing conditions


Stall Training requirements

fulfilled with the 3 models: Aero Roll-off

Buffet

ROLL-OFF MODEL

BUFFET MODEL

15

FSTD: Roll off Model

Model based on Stall performed during Flight Tests Dedicated sessions for tuning roll off intensity /suddenness

Capture Pilots feelings ( addition of yaw moment)

Generic model and aircraft specific data

Yaw acceleration is the key driver of

Pilot feeling in the Simulator

Roll-off Model


FSTD: Buffet Model Buffet Model

Model based on Stall & buffet performed during Flight Tests AOA as a main input (associated with Mach, slats/flaps

configuration and Icing conditions ) Generic model and aircraft specific data


Buffet model gives realistic inputs to the motion

17


Increasing amplitude with AoA is a key in the buffet replication

Buffet modelling

Vertical vibrations amplitude Lateral vibration amplitude Alpha start, onset, deterrent: depend on

configuration and Mach

18

IOS Functions

Airbus IOS Functions include all elements required for

compliance with FAA Part 60 Change 2

PLUS

Additional Airbus

recommendations for UPRT and Stall scenario

activation.

Airbus recommendations to FSTD Manufacturers:

IOS functions

© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document August 29 2018 19

IOS functions… Typical prototype from Toulouse A350 FFS


Automated STALL Entry (ASE) as part of IOS Functions

ASE as part as IOS Functions

• Answers to FAA Part 121-Stall requirements &

• FAA Part 60 Simulation Qualification requirements : • UPRT Training environment common to all Airbus • Full Stall function available on the entire flight domain

• Operators flexibility to customize their UPRT Training according to

local Regulations.


Automated STALL Entry Function: Scenario 1

Full STALL Demonstration ( “ASE scenario 1”) During this ASE scenario, the incidence should increase

progressively, without pilot input, until a value (to be adjusted during the tuning phase for each scenario) defined as the full stall.

Upon reaching this value of angle of attack, the simulation shall stabilize, without freezing. The pilot shall have the capacity to take manual control by

making an input on the primary flight controls in order to experience the recovery from the stall



Full STALL Demonstration ( “ASE scenario 1”)




Full STALL Exercise ( “ASE scenario 2) During this ASE scenario, the incidence should increase progressively, without pilot input, until a value beyond the stall (to

be adjusted during the tuning phase for each scenario) at which

point the simulation should freeze. Optional roll off should be available

The pilot shall have the capability to take over control at any time during the scenario. In this case any input on the primary flight

controls during the stall exercise shall interrupt the automation, and

the simulation shall revert to pilot flown

24



Full STALL Exercise ( “ASE scenario 2)

25

This new instructor operating system(IOS) functionality - the ASE -

is designed by Airbus and developed by the training device manufacturer.

It provides standardized stall scenarios.


Stall demonstration

Simulation stabilize at

stall AOA

Take over at any time

Full stall demonstration

Simulation freeze at stall

AOA + X degrees

Take over at any time

26

Manual STALL Entry High Altitude Note: Stall warning silenced by pilot for demonstration


Manual STALL Low High Altitude Heavy buffet Note: Flight beyond stall for heavy buffet demonstration

May 2018 Flight Operations & Training symposium

AIRBUS STALL TRAINING PACKAGE

State Of Compliance

Includes 3 models: AERO, ROLL-OFF and BUFFET

Validation Data: Qualification Test Guide ( QTG)

Simulator validated Envelopes

Status of Compliance including final Subject Matter Expert assessment


Subject Matter Expert Qualification: AMC10

FSTD(A).300

Type Rated qualified in

aeroplane that is

simulated

Direct experience in

conducting Stall

maneuvers

Credits for

different aircraft

models

Familiar with Stall

training

maneuvers in the

FSTD



Flig

ht C

rew

Tra

inin

g

• AUPRTA rev3

• FCTM

• Stall training video

• EASA, FAA, ICAO, IATA documents

• Airbus ATO training program

OT

T –

SP

OT

* • Undesired aircraft state (Feb 17)

• Use of FSTD for upset recovery training (Mar / Jun 15)

• Data package for UPRT training in FSTD (Jan18)

Sim

ula

tor • FSTD stall

training data package with roll off and buffet

• IOS functions

• Automated stall entry

Summary of Airbus Training Materials

*OTT= Operations Training Transmission

SPOT: Simulation Product Operators Transmission 31

Thank you


Documents

Captain Xavier LESCEU Test Pilot TRI/E · • UPRT Training environment common to all Airbus • Full Stall function available on the entire flight domain • Operators flexibility