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Background “The impacts of climate change will fall disproportionately upon developing countries and the poor persons of all countries, and thereby exacerbate inequities in health status and access to adequate food, clean water, and other resources.” Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, 2001 Africa and the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)
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Carbon Sequestration as a Vehicle for Multi-Stakeholder Participation in Realizing the
Millennium Development Goals
JP Leous Neal Parry Lyndon Valicenti Nicole CosmannKate FaulhaberMario Lopez-AlcalaArmando Rodriguez
World Bank Institute Washington D.C., 22 May 2006
Overview
• Background• Carbon Sequestration Projects• Participating Parties• Case Studies
1. Geologic Sequestration in Algeria2. Reforestation in Uganda3. Soil Sequestration in Sub-Saharan Africa
• Multinational Corporations (MNCs) as Drivers• Conclusion
Background
“The impacts of climate change will fall disproportionately upon developing countries and the poor persons of all countries, and thereby exacerbate inequities in health status and access to adequate food, clean water, and other resources.” Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, 2001
Africa and the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)
Carbon Sequestration
• Kyoto Protocol’s Clean Development Mechanism
• Sequestration Methodologies– Geologic– Forestry– Soil Organic Carbon
• Potential Co-benefits
Our Hypothesis: (1) Carbon Sequestration as a Vehicle
Carbon sequestration
projects can be a vehicle to
bring MNCs and host
countries into collaboration
with the benefit of moving
toward the MDGs and
environmental protection.
Reasons Behind Participation
Multinational Corporations Host Countries• Near and Long-term Returns
– Carbon markets– Anticipation of future regulations
• Corporate Social Responsibility
• Millennium Development Goals
– Socio-economic development– Ecosystem services– Public-private partnerships
Our Hypothesis: (2) MNCs as Drivers
MNCs can drive improvements in the various stages of sequestration project development.
Case Studies
1. Geologic Sequestration in Algeria
2. Reforestation in Uganda
3. Soil Sequestration in Sub-Saharan Africa
Registered Projects under the CDM
by Region (UNFCCC, 2006)
Africa
Asia & the Pacific
Other
Latin America &the Caribbean
Geologic Sequestration in Algeria
BP in Algeria, Carbon Capture and Storage• Leader in geo-sequestration technology • Non-exclusive: Profits & Corporate Social Responsibility• Limited Direct Co-benefits
Reforestation in Uganda
Clean Air Action Corporation in Uganda, Small Group Tree Planting • Leader in building local capacity for agro-forestry• Co-benefits:
• Increased income of local farmers • Increased ecosystem services• Technology transfer
Soil Sequestration in Sub-Saharan Africa
• Emerging methodology• Potential Co-benefits:
• Increased soil fertility and productivity• Increased food security• Decreased desertification
Discussion
MNCs can be drivers for:
1. The improvement of carbon sequestration mechanisms
2. Building the capacities of African host countries
3. Paving the way for additional firms to participate in
development-focused sequestration projects
The Potential of MNC Leadership
Conclusion
Climate Change Will Hinder Efforts Made to Alleviate Poverty.
The Scope of Issues Necessitate Leadership.
MNCs have the Resources and Expertise to Lead.
Time to Act is Now!
Diagram by Rick Valicenti THIRST
Photo Credits
1. http://www.earthinstitute.columbia.edu/mvp/news/sauriwater32806.html2. http://www.friendlyplanet.com/images/serengeti-sunset.jpg3. http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/graphics/2005/06/02/waus02.jpg4. http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Laboratory/Aerosol/Images/anthro_smokestack.jpg5. http://www.tist.org/6. http://www.dosima.org/home.pages/anand.madhvani/south.africa/zimbabwe/tree_planting/7. http://www.rbgkew.org.uk/places/images274/africandnabank.jpg 8. http://www.friendlyplanet.com/images/serengeti-sunset.jpg 9. http://www.bp.com/sectiongenericarticle.do?categoryId=9007626&contentId=701449310. http://www.dosima.org/home.pages/anand.madhvani/south.africa/zimbabwe/tree_planting/
213_1314.jpg11. http://africa.eduprojects
.net/agriculture/media/MY%20PHOTOS/My%20New%20Hulbam/Big%20eggplant%20harvest-highres.jpg
12. http://www.dosima.org/home.pages/anand.madhvani/south.africa/zimbabwe/tree_planting/13. http://www.rbgkew.org.uk/places/images274/africandnabank.jpg14. http://www.sei.se/graphics/mdg2.jpg, http://www.ozspirit.info/2004/_img/78boys-of-orissa.jpg