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Cardiac Monitoring and Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Techniques. A normal sinus rhythm can be identified by: A resting rate of 60 to 100 beats/min in an adult A P wave before every QRS complex A regular rhythm A QRS complex after every P wave A upright T wave in lead II II and IV - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Cardiac Monitoring and Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Techniques
A normal sinus rhythm can be identified by:
I. A resting rate of 60 to 100 beats/min in an adult
II. A P wave before every QRS complexIII.A regular rhythmIV.A QRS complex after every P waveV. A upright T wave in lead II
A. II and IVB. II, III, and IVC. I, II, III, and VD.I, II, III, IV, and V
A normal sinus rhythm can be identified by:
I. A resting rate of 60 to 100 beats/min in an adult
II. A P wave before every QRS complexIII.A regular rhythmIV.A QRS complex after every P waveV. A upright T wave in lead II
A. II and IVB. II, III, and IVC. I, II, III, and VD.I, II, III, IV, and V
A patient with an acute myocardial infarction may have which of the following clinical findings?
I. jaw painII. DiaphoresisIII. nausea and vomitingIV.digital clubbing
A. I, II, and III only B. I, II, and IV only C. I, III, and IV only D. II, III, and IV only
A patient with an acute myocardial infarction may have which of the following clinical findings?
I. jaw painII. DiaphoresisIII. nausea and vomitingIV.digital clubbing
A. I, II, and III only B. I, II, and IV only C. I, III, and IV only D. II, III, and IV only
Electrocardiogram monitoring is important with an intensive care unit patient in all of the following situations except:
A.If it is used to evaluate peripheral perfusionB.The patient has an electrolyte disturbanceC.The patient has a history of arrhythmiasD.The patient is being given a rapid infusion
of potassium
Electrocardiogram monitoring is important with an intensive care unit patient in all of the following situations except:
A.If it is used to evaluate peripheral perfusionB.The patient has an electrolyte disturbanceC.The patient has a history of arrhythmiasD.The patient is being given a rapid infusion
of potassium
After attaching a cardiac monitor to a patient's chest, the respiratory therapist notes the ECG recording contains artifact. Which of the following could cause artifact in this situation?
I. inadequate electrode contact II. improper electrode placement III. the patient scratching the electrodes IV.disconnected leads
A. I and III only B. I and IV only C. II and III only D. II and IV only
After attaching a cardiac monitor to a patient's chest, the respiratory therapist notes the ECG recording contains artifact. Which of the following could cause artifact in this situation?
I. inadequate electrode contact II. improper electrode placement III. the patient scratching the electrodes IV.disconnected leads
A. I and III only B. I and IV only C. II and III only D. II and IV only
While assisting the physician using a synchronous defibrillator for cardioversion, the unit does not discharge. The respiratory therapist should check the
I. charge level of the defibrillator. II. presence of a P wave. III. chest lead connections. IV.contact gel on the paddles.
A. I, II, and III only B. I, II, and IV only C. I, III, and IV only D. II, III, and IV only
While assisting the physician using a synchronous defibrillator for cardioversion, the unit does not discharge. The respiratory therapist should check the
I. charge level of the defibrillator. II. presence of a P wave. III. chest lead connections. IV.contact gel on the paddles.
A. I, II, and III only B. I, II, and IV only C. I, III, and IV only D. II, III, and IV only
A 59-year-old patient is brought to the hospital with a complaint of sudden, severe substernal chest pain and dyspnea. What initial thing should the RRT recommend?
A.Begin ECG monitoringB.Draw and ABGC.Get a CXRD.Get a capnometer sample
A 59-year-old patient is brought to the hospital with a complaint of sudden, severe substernal chest pain and dyspnea. What initial thing should the RRT recommend?
A.Begin ECG monitoringB.Draw and ABGC.Get a CXRD.Get a capnometer sample
Defibrillation should be done immediately in which of the following patient situations?
A.Second degree heart blockB.Atrial flutterC.Pulseless ventricular tachycardiaD.Sinus tachycardia
Defibrillation should be done immediately in which of the following patient situations?
A.Second degree heart blockB.Atrial flutterC.Pulseless ventricular tachycardiaD.Sinus tachycardia
While performing CPR on a patient with chronic CO 2 retention, the resuscitation bag should be used
A.without a reservoir and oxygen at 5 L/min. B.with a reservoir and an oxygen blender set at
40%. C.with a reservoir and oxygen at 15 L/min. D.without oxygen and a reservoir.
While performing CPR on a patient with chronic CO 2 retention, the resuscitation bag should be used
A.without a reservoir and oxygen at 5 L/min. B.with a reservoir and an oxygen blender set at
40%. C.with a reservoir and oxygen at 15 L/min. D.without oxygen and a reservoir.
You are the RRT attending the delivery of a preterm neonate. His vital signs are: respiratory rate 12; heart rate 70. In addition, he has peripheral cyanosis and is responding minimally to stimulation. What should be done?
A.Direct supplemental oxygen to his faceB.Begin chest compressions C.Begin manual ventilation with 100%
oxygenD.Continue to stimulate the newborn to
breathe more deeply
You are the RRT attending the delivery of a preterm neonate. His vital signs are: respiratory rate 12; heart rate 70. In addition, he has peripheral cyanosis and is responding minimally to stimulation. What should be done?
A.Direct supplemental oxygen to his faceB.Begin chest compressions C.Begin manual ventilation with 100%
oxygenD.Continue to stimulate the newborn to
breathe more deeply
Pulmonary Artery Catheter:Waveform
A 3-daypostoperative open-heart surgery patient has an arterial catheter in the right radial artery for continuous blood pressure measurements. Because of retained secretions, the respiratory therapist places him into a head down position for postural drainage therapy. The nurse notices that the patient’s blood pressure is less than before being placed into this new position. After the patient is returned to the original position, the blood pressure is the same as it was originally. How can the therapist explain the blood pressure changes?
A. There was an air bubble in the arterial catheterB. There was a clot in the arterial catheterC. The patient’s body was below the level of the pressure
transducerD. Postural drainage positions always cause the blood
pressure to decrease
A 3-daypostoperative open-heart surgery patient has an arterial catheter in the right radial artery for continuous blood pressure measurements. Because of retained secretions, the respiratory therapist places him into a head down position for postural drainage therapy. The nurse notices that the patient’s blood pressure is less than before being placed into this new position. After the patient is returned to the original position, the blood pressure is the same as it was originally. How can the therapist explain the blood pressure changes?
A. There was an air bubble in the arterial catheterB. There was a clot in the arterial catheterC. The patient’s body was below the level of the pressure
transducerD. Postural drainage positions always cause the blood
pressure to decrease
A patient with advanced emphysema is admitted to the respiratory intensive care unit. He is placed on a 24% Venturi-type mask and has a pulmonary artery catheter inserted. His initial pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) is 300 dynes/sec/cm-5, and the PaO2 is 57 torr. The physician orders him increased to 28% oxygen. The resulting PVR is 220 dynes/sec/cm-5, and the PaO2 is 63 torr. Based on this information, what would you recommend?
A.Decrease the oxygen to 24%B.Place the patient on a ventilatorC.Administer a bronchodilatorD.Keep the patient on 28% oxygen
A patient with advanced emphysema is admitted to the respiratory intensive care unit. He is placed on a 24% Venturi-type mask and has a pulmonary artery catheter inserted. His initial pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) is 300 dynes/sec/cm-5, and the PaO2 is 57 torr. The physician orders him increased to 28% oxygen. The resulting PVR is 220 dynes/sec/cm-5, and the PaO2 is 63 torr. Based on this information, what would you recommend?
A.Decrease the oxygen to 24%B.Place the patient on a ventilatorC.Administer a bronchodilatorD.Keep the patient on 28% oxygen
Capnography will be used to monitor a patient’s recovery from anesthesia. What gas should be used for the “zero” calibration?
A.Room air for 0% carbon dioxideB.Room air for 21% oxygenC.5% carbon dioxideD.The same concentration of anesthetic gas
as used with the patient
Capnography will be used to monitor a patient’s recovery from anesthesia. What gas should be used for the “zero” calibration?
A.Room air for 0% carbon dioxideB.Room air for 21% oxygenC.5% carbon dioxideD.The same concentration of anesthetic gas
as used with the patient
Your patient is in the intensive care unit and is being monitored with a pulmonary artery catheter. She has the following parameters: PAP 35/20 mmHg; PCWP 9 mmHg; CVP 10 mmHg. You would interpret the data to indicate that she:
A.Has right ventricular failure/ cor pulmonaleB.Has left ventricular failureC.Has increased pulmonary vascular
resistanceD.Is hypovolemic
Your patient is in the intensive care unit and is being monitored with a pulmonary artery catheter. She has the following parameters: PAP 35/20 mmHg; PCWP 9 mmHg; CVP 10 mmHg. You would interpret the data to indicate that she:
A.Has right ventricular failure/ cor pulmonaleB.Has left ventricular failureC.Has increased pulmonary vascular
resistanceD.Is hypovolemic
A 40-year old patient receiving mechanical ventilation has an arterial line in place. It is noticed that a significant difference exists between the blood pressure taken by cuff on the left arm and the blood pressure taken by arterial line on the right arm. What could explain this difference?
I. A clot is at the tip of the catheterII. There is an air bubble in the arterial lineIII. The ventilator’s peak pressure is too highIV. The patient has a ventricular septal defect
A. I and IIB. II and IIIC. I, III, and IVD. I, II, III, and IV
A 40-year old patient receiving mechanical ventilation has an arterial line in place. It is noticed that a significant difference exists between the blood pressure taken by cuff on the left arm and the blood pressure taken by arterial line on the right arm. What could explain this difference?
I. A clot is at the tip of the catheterII. There is an air bubble in the arterial lineIII. The ventilator’s peak pressure is too highIV. The patient has a ventricular septal defect
A. I and IIB. II and IIIC. I, III, and IVD. I, II, III, and IV
An adult patient is receiving mechanical ventilation when the following data are gathered:
9:00 am 11:00 amPaO2 75 53 mmHgPVR 120 340 dynes/sec/cm-5
PCWP 8 10 mmHgPAP 25/10 42/21 mmHgHow should the results be interpretedA.Pulmonary edemaB.Pulmonary embolismC.PneumoniaD.Cardiac tamponade
An adult patient is receiving mechanical ventilation when the following data are gathered:
9:00 am 11:00 amPaO2 75 53 mmHgPVR 120 340 dynes/sec/cm-5
PCWP 8 10 mmHgPAP 25/10 42/21 mmHgHow should the results be interpretedA.Pulmonary edemaB.Pulmonary embolismC.PneumoniaD.Cardiac tamponade
A 35-year-old patient in the intensive care unit has the following hemodynamic data. Which of them indicates a problem with the patient?
A. SVR of 600 dynes/sec/cm-5
B. CI of 3 L/min/m2C. PvO2 of 38 torrD. Shunt of 4%
A 35-year-old patient in the intensive care unit has the following hemodynamic data. Which of them indicates a problem with the patient?
A. SVR of 600 dynes/sec/cm-5
B. CI of 3 L/min/m2C. PvO2 of 38 torrD. Shunt of 4%
An unconscious 25-year-old patient is admitted with viral pneumonia, vomiting, and diarrhea. Mechanical ventilation is initiated, and flow-directed pulmonary artery (Swan-Ganz) catheter is inserted. The following data are gathered: Pulmonary artery pressure, 22/8 mm Hg; Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure, 3 mm Hg; Central venous pressure, 0 mm Hg; blood pressure, 90/60 mm Hg; Pulse, 142/min.
What is the most likely cause of these findings?• Hypovolemia• High ventilating pressures• Bronchospasm• Rupture of the balloon on the catheter
An unconscious 25-year-old patient is admitted with viral pneumonia, vomiting, and diarrhea. Mechanical ventilation is initiated, and flow-directed pulmonary artery (Swan-Ganz) catheter is inserted. The following data are gathered: Pulmonary artery pressure, 22/8 mm Hg; Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure, 3 mm Hg; Central venous pressure, 0 mm Hg; blood pressure, 90/60 mm Hg; Pulse, 142/min.
What is the most likely cause of these findings?• Hypovolemia• High ventilating pressures• Bronchospasm• Rupture of the balloon on the catheter
Which of the following clinical observations is most commonly associated with right heart failure?
A. peripheral edema
B. muscle wasting
C. tracheal deviation
D. skin flushing
Which of the following clinical observations is most commonly associated with right heart failure?
A. peripheral edema
B. muscle wasting
C. tracheal deviation
D. skin flushing
While assisting the physician using a synchronous defibrillator for cardioversion, the unit does not discharge. The respiratory therapist should check the
I. charge level of the defibrillator.
II. presence of a P wave.
III. chest lead connections.
IV. contact gel on the paddles.
A. I, II, and III only
B. I, II, and IV only
C. I, III, and IV only
D. II, III, and IV only
While assisting the physician using a synchronous defibrillator for cardioversion, the unit does not discharge. The respiratory therapist should check the
I. charge level of the defibrillator.
II. presence of a P wave.
III. chest lead connections.
IV. contact gel on the paddles.
A. I, II, and III only
B. I, II, and IV only
C. I, III, and IV only
D. II, III, and IV only
A patient's chest radiograph shows diffuse alveolar infiltrates. The following data are available:
Which of the following should be used to differentiate between cardiac and noncardiac etiology for these results?
A. right atrial pressure B. central venous pressure C. mean pulmonary artery pressure D. pulmonary capillary wedge pressure
A patient's chest radiograph shows diffuse alveolar infiltrates. The following data are available:
Which of the following should be used to differentiate between cardiac and noncardiac etiology for these results?
A. right atrial pressure B. central venous pressure C. mean pulmonary artery pressure D. pulmonary capillary wedge pressure
A patient with an acute myocardial infarction may have which of the following clinical findings?
I. jaw pain II. diaphoresis III. nausea and vomiting IV. digital clubbing
A. I, II, and III only B. I, II, and IV only C. I, III, and IV only D. II, III, and IV only
A patient with an acute myocardial infarction may have which of the following clinical findings?
I. jaw pain II. diaphoresis III. nausea and vomiting IV. digital clubbing
A. I, II, and III only B. I, II, and IV only C. I, III, and IV only D. II, III, and IV only
After attaching a cardiac monitor to a patient's chest, the respiratory therapist notes the ECG recording contains artifact. Which of the following could cause artifact in this situation?
I. inadequate electrode contact II. improper electrode placement III. the patient scratching the electrodes IV. disconnected leads
A. I and III only B. I and IV only C. II and III only D. II and IV only
After attaching a cardiac monitor to a patient's chest, the respiratory therapist notes the ECG recording contains artifact. Which of the following could cause artifact in this situation?
I. inadequate electrode contact II. improper electrode placement III. the patient scratching the electrodes IV. disconnected leads
A. I and III only B. I and IV only C. II and III only D. II and IV only
A patient hospitalized with a deep-vein thrombosis in the leg experiences sudden shortness of breath. Which of the following should be recommended to evaluate the patient’s situation?
• Lung compliance• Electrocardiogram• Chest radiograph• VD/VT
A patient hospitalized with a deep-vein thrombosis in the leg experiences sudden shortness of breath. Which of the following should be recommended to evaluate the patient’s situation?
• Lung compliance• Electrocardiogram• Chest radiograph• VD/VT
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