Cardio2 Flashcards

Term 1

Acyanotic conditions

Definition 1

Disorders resulting in the mixingof venous and arterial blood

Term 2

Aneurysm

Definition 2

Localized dilation andweakening of an arterial wall

Term 3

Angina pectoris

Definition 3

Severe chest pain as a result ofoxygen deficit to the

myocardium

Term 4

Angiography

Definition 4

Radiography of the heart andvessels

Term 5

Arrhythmia

Definition 5

Abnormality of heart rhythm

Term 6

Arteriosclerosis

Definition 6

A cardiovascular disorder, theresult of loss of elasticity andaccumulation of collagen, thatresults in a thickening of the

arterial walls

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Term 7

Atheromas

Definition 7

Plaques consisting of lipids,cells, fibrin, and debris, often

with attached thrombi

Term 8

Atherosclerosis

Definition 8

Degenerative changes thatpromote the accumulation of

cholesterols in the walls of largearteries

Term 9

Atrial fibrillation

Definition 9

Heart rate more than 350 beatsper minute

Term 10

Atrioventricular (AV) node

Definition 10

Small mas of specialized cardiacmuscle that is part of the

conduction system of the heart

Term 11

Auscultation

Definition 11

Act of listening to organ soundsto diagnose a problem

Term 12

Bradycardia

Definition 12

Regular but slow heart rate,often a result of vagal nerve or

parasympathetic nervestimulation


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Term 13

Bundle of His

Definition 13

Bundle of specialized conductivecardiac cells that relay the signal

from the AV node to theventricles

Term 14

Cardiomegaly

Definition 14

Enlargement of the heart

Term 15

Claudication

Definition 15

Extreme cramplike leg(occasionally arm) pain

Term 16

Diaphoresis

Definition 16

Excessive sweating

Term 17

Diastole

Definition 17

Refers to the relaxation of theheart

Term 18

Diastolic pressure

Definition 18

Represents the pressure duringventricular relaxation


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Term 19

Dysrhythmia

Definition 19

An abnormal cardiac rhythm

Term 20

Echocardiography

Definition 20

Record image of the heart andvalve movements

Term 21

Ectopic Pacemaker

Definition 21

Region of the heart other thanthe SA node that can initiate

heartbeat

Term 22

Electrocardiography (ECG)

Definition 22

Graphic record of the heart'saction potential

Term 23

Embolus

Definition 23

Circulating blood clot

Term 24

Endocarditis

Definition 24

Inflammation of theendocardium, generally caused

by bacterial and fungalinfections


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Term 25

Hypertension

Definition 25

Common problem involving aconsistently elevated blood

pressure

Term 26

Mediastinum

Definition 26

Portion of the thoracic cavity inthe middle of the thorax

Term 27

Medulla oblongata

Definition 27

Part of the brain stemresponsible for control of the

cardiac, vasomoter, andrespiratory control center

Term 28

Myocarditis

Definition 28

Inflammation of the myocardium,most often caused by viral and

parasitic infections

Term 29

Myosin

Definition 29

Contractile protein found inskeletal muscle

Term 30

Oliguria

Definition 30

Diminished urine production andexcretion


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Term 31

Pericarditis

Definition 31

Inflammation of the fibroseroussac surrounding the heart

Term 32

Peripheral vascular disease

Definition 32

Refers to any abnormality inarteries or veins that supplyblood to the extremities and

major abdominal organs

Term 33

Phlebothrombosis

Definition 33

Condition in which a thrombusforms spontaneously in a vein

without prior inflammation

Term 34

Plethysmography

Definition 34

Measures the size of limbs andblood volume in organs or

tissues

Term 35

Pulsus paradoxus

Definition 35

Paradoxical pulse

Term 36

Purkinje fiber

Definition 36

Subendocardial branch thatconducts the signals from thebundle of His to the ventricular

muscle


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Term 37

Rheumatic fever

Definition 37

Acute systemic inflammatorydisease that can develop as a

rare complication to untreated orunder-treated infections causedby group A Streptococcus (that

is, strep throat)

Term 38

Shock

Definition 38

Hypotension that results in adecreased circulating blood

volume, leading to decreasedtissue perfusion and general

hypoxia

Term 39

Sinoatrial (SA) node

Definition 39

"Pacemaker" of the heart thatgenerates impulses by

spontaneous depolarization

Term 40

Systole

Definition 40

Refers to the contraction of theheart

Term 41

Systole pressure

Definition 41

Pressure of blood at ejectionfrom the left ventricle

Term 42

Tachycardia

Definition 42

Regular but abnormally rapidheart rate that may be a normal

response to sympatheticstimulation


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Term 43

Tetralogy of Fallot

Definition 43

Most common cyanoticcongenital heart condition that

involves four heart abnormalities

Term 44

Thrombophlebitis

Definition 44

An inflamed area of a veincaused by a blood clot

Term 45

Troponin

Definition 45

Regulatory protein in vertebraland cardiac muscle

Term 46

Varicose veins

Definition 46

Pronounced or permanentlydistended veins, usually in the

lower extremities

Term 47

Ventricular septal defect (VSD)

Definition 47

Opening in the interventricularseptum that varies in size and

location

Term 48

Congestive heart failure (CHF)

Definition 48

Result of insufficient pumpingcapability of the heart


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