Cardiovascular System

QUIZ SHOW!

25

A&PData

Collection

CV Meds CV Diseases

50

75

50 50 50

252525

75 75

100

75

100 100 100

150150150150

•

A

A&P:A&P: 25 pts 25 pts This is the most muscular chamber of the heart

because it must propel blood into systemic arterial

circulation. The mitral and aortic valve help regulate blood flow to and from this chamber.

Answer: A&P 25 ptsAnswer: A&P 25 pts

What is the left ventricle?

A&P: 50 ptsA&P: 50 pts This characteristic is

unique to cardiac cells because it allows them to spontaneously and repeatedly generate electrical impulses to maintain a steady heart rate.

A

Answer: A&P 50 ptsAnswer: A&P 50 pts

What is Automaticity?

A&P: 75 ptsA&P: 75 ptsThis is the “pacemaker of the

heart” and automatically initiates electrical impulses at a rate of 60-100 beats per minute. A

Answer: A&P 75 ptsAnswer: A&P 75 pts

What is the SA (sinoatrial)

node?

A&P: 100 ptsA&P: 100 pts This is the resistance

the ventricles must work against to eject blood. Medications that dilate blood vessels will help reduce this.

A

Answer: A&P 100 ptsAnswer: A&P 100 pts

What is Afterload?

A&P: 150 ptsA&P: 150 pts This is located on

the left side of the chest at the 5th ICS and midclavicular line. If it is dislocated laterally, this may indicate hypertrophy of the heart. A

Answer: A&P 150 ptsAnswer: A&P 150 pts

What is PMI(Point of Maximal Impulse)?

Data Collection: 25 ptsData Collection: 25 pts These include smoking,

HTN, obesity, hyperlipidemia, physical inactivity, stress and DM. They can be eliminated, modified and/or controlled to improve CV health.

A

Answer: Data Collection 25 ptsAnswer: Data Collection 25 pts

What are modifiable CV risk factors?

Data Collection: 50 ptsData Collection: 50 pts This part of the cardiac

cycle is characterized by closure of the pulmonic and aortic valves and opening of the tricuspid and mitral valves. It is during this phase that the coronary arteries are being perfused.

A

Answer: Data Collection 50 Answer: Data Collection 50 ptspts

What is diastole? (noted by S2 and DBP reading)

Data Collection: 75 ptsData Collection: 75 pts

These two lab studies are indicative of myocardial damage if elevated.

A

Answer: Data Collection 75 Answer: Data Collection 75 ptspts

What are CK-MB (>5%)and Troponin I

(TNI >0.3%)?

Data Collection: 100 ptsData Collection: 100 pts This diagnostic test uses

ultrasound waves to produce images of the heart. It assesses heart size and shape, mobility of chambers and valves and effectiveness of contractility. This is especially useful with a diagnosis of MI or CHF. A

Answer: Data Collection 100 Answer: Data Collection 100 ptspts

What is an echocardiogram?

Data Collection: 150 ptsData Collection: 150 pts

Assessment findings of peripheral edema, stasis dermatitis, warm/ruddy skin and irregular/shallow ulcers of the medial ankle are indicative of this process. It can be managed by leg elevation and use of TEDS / SCD’s.

A

Answer: Data Collection 150 Answer: Data Collection 150 ptspts

What is venous insufficiency?

CV Meds: 25 ptsCV Meds: 25 pts

A

This is the most important drug to administer to a person who presents with chest pain, SOB or a pulse oximeter reading of <90%

Answer: CV Meds 25 ptsAnswer: CV Meds 25 pts

What is Oxygen?

CV Meds: 50 ptsCV Meds: 50 pts This medication is used

to dilate coronary and peripheral arteries leading to increased blood flow and oxygen to the heart. It can be given PO, SL or IV. It commonly causes hypotension and headache.

A

Answer: CV Meds 50 Answer: CV Meds 50 ptspts

What is Nitroglycerin

(NTG)?

CV Meds: 75 ptsCV Meds: 75 pts This is a cardiac

glycoside that exhibits a positive ionotropic affect on the myocardium. Altered liver/renal function and /or hypokalemia can lead to toxic affects such as anorexia, N/V, visual disturbances, fatigue and bradycardia. A

Answer: CV Meds 75 Answer: CV Meds 75 ptspts

Be sure apical pulse is greater than 60 beats/minute prior to giving this medication!

What is digoxin (Lanoxin)?

CV Meds: 100 ptsCV Meds: 100 pts These medications

inhibit the production of a potent vasoconstrictor which leads to vasodilation and excretion of Na and H2O from the body. Their most common side effects include hypotension, cough and hyperkalemia. A

Answer: CV Meds 100 Answer: CV Meds 100 ptspts What are ACE inhibitors?(Captopril,Enalapril, Monopril,

Lisinopril)

CV Meds: 150 ptsCV Meds: 150 pts These medications

help decrease the workload of the heart by decreasing HR and contractility which, in turn, decreases BP. Unfortunately they are not selective so they can cause bronchospasms in the lungs. A

Answer: CV Meds 150 Answer: CV Meds 150 ptspts What are Betablockers?

(Atenolol,Nadolol,

Metoprolol)

CV Diseases: 25 ptsCV Diseases: 25 pts This lifestyle habit

has the most impact on the development of CV disease because it constricts blood vessels, decreases HDL’s and is directly associated with atherosclerosis.

A

Answer: CV Diseases 25 Answer: CV Diseases 25 ptspts

What is smoking?

CV Diseases: 50 ptsCV Diseases: 50 pts This disease affects 1 out

of every 4 adults and is caused by an increase in CO and an increase in peripheral resistance. It is controlled by lifestyle modification and medications such as diuretics, betablockers and ACE inhibitors. If not controlled, can lead to decreased perfusion to target organs such as the heart, brain, kidneys and eyes.

A

Answer: CV Diseases 50 Answer: CV Diseases 50 ptspts

What is Hypertension? (HTN or elevated BP >140/90 on 3 occasions)

CV Diseases: 75 ptsCV Diseases: 75 pts Symptoms of this disease

may include chest pressure radiating to the jaw and left arm, indigestion, SOB, diaphoresis, anxiety and duration >30 minutes (unrelieved by rest or SL NTG). It is confirmed by labs and EKG changes and is initially treated by “MONA.”

A

Answer: CV Diseases 75 ptsAnswer: CV Diseases 75 ptsWhat is a MI?

(Myocardial Infarction or heart attack)

CV Diseases: 100 ptsCV Diseases: 100 pts This disease process

is characterized by intermittent claudication, pale/cyanotic skin, weak or absent pulses, loss of hair, and small/deep painful ulcerations to the toes/feet. If not treated promptly, can lead to gangrene / amputation. A

Answer: CV Diseases 100 Answer: CV Diseases 100 ptspts

What is Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD)?

CV Diseases: 150 ptsCV Diseases: 150 pts This CV alteration is

characterized by decreased myocardial contractility and cardiac output leading to decreased peripheral perfusion, pulmonary congestion and edema, SOB, tachycardia and weakness.

A

Answer: CV Diseases 150 ptsAnswer: CV Diseases 150 pts

What is Left-sided heart failure?