Western Kenya Carbon Financed

AFOLU Project

WHAT IS AN AFOLU PROJECT?

•Protection & enhancement of existing forests

•New forests / tree planting incl. agroforestry

•Improved agricultural practices e.g. conservation agriculture

…and more

Profile of AFOLU Projects

TYPE EXAMPLES COSTS NON-C INCOMES

COMMENTS

FORESTS - EXISTING

Existing plantations, natural forests

Management, protection – relatively low

Timber, NTFP, Tourism. Timing - depends.

LT investment, little debt available

NEW FORESTS / TREES

New plantations, Agroforestry

Establishment, management – very high

Timber & NTFP – long time before $

Very LT investment, high upfront costs, little debt available

AGRICULTURE / SOIL C

Improved ag practices e.g. fertilizer management

Inputs, management. Medium - low

Improved crop / livestock yields – Timing short - med

Shorter term investment. Debt may be available.

• Rockefeller funded project with support of CARE and CCAF/ICRAF

• Timeframe: 2011 -2012 (18 months)

• The project sought to improve the productivity and sustainability of land use systems in selected watersheds in the Nyando river basins through adoption of an integrated ecosystem management approach

• Objectives • support on-and off-farm conservation strategies

• improve the capacity of local communities and institutions to identify,

formulate and implement integrated ecosystem management activities (including both on-and off-farm land use planning) capturing local to global environmental benefits

• The project is pro-poor centered.

Pro – poor

By “pro-poor” we mean an approach that ensures:

1. Poverty reduction benefits reach poorer households, women and other vulnerable groups within the target communities;

2. No negative social impacts, or where such impacts are inevitable, effective mitigation measures are put in place to achieve a net “do no harm” outcome;

3. Equitable sharing of benefits derived from carbon revenues both within communities and along the carbon value chain from buyer to seller – in effect “fair trade in carbon.”

4. Rights are respected and secured

Where are we?

We have carried out feasibility assessment to find out

1. Identify project boundary

2. Viability of the project

3. Social assessment

4. Recruitment of staff

5. Recruitment of communities/villages for pilot stage

N

Lake Victoria

Upper Nyando

Mid

Nyando

Lower Nyando

Upper Yala

Mid Yala

Lower Yala

Lower Nzoia

Upper Nzoia

Mid-Nzoia

Rivers

LakesMicro-catchments (in Lower Yala)

Micro-catchments (Lower Nyando)

Micro-catchment (in Mid Nyando)

Micro-catchments (in Upper-Nyando)

Sampling blocks

Watershed Boundary

All ICRAF Sampling Blocks

Versus

KARI Micro-catchments

0 25 50 Kilometers

Lower Nyando

Mid NyandoUpper Nyando

Kapsokale South

Onyuongo

Katuk-KapsitiKapsokale North

Kapkiptul

Macheisok

N

0 10 20 Kilometers

ICRAF Sampling Blocks

Versus

KARI Micro-catchments

in Nyando Basin

Rivers

Micro-catchments (Lower Nyando)

Micro-catchment (in Mid Nyando)

Micro-catchments (in Upper-Nyando)

Sampling blocks

Watershed Boundary

Project Viability

Above ground Carbon baseline is in the decline reasons been

• Settlement and agriculture.

• Overgrazing

• Need for fuelwood and construction material

• Fires

Potential AFOLU Interventions

Dispersed interplanting and boundary planting- 1. may be widely adopted by individual farmers with small areas of

landholding and 2. Contribute to enhanced food production

Woodlots 1. Diversify farm production 2. Additional revenue streams for farmers 3. Protect the already bare hills from erosion and protection of the river

catchments 4. Reduce erosion and formation of gullies 5. May establish woodlots on degraded or under-utilised land where in the

long term this system may help to re-habilitate degraded lands 6. Carbon finance per unit area relatively high

Fruit orchard 1. Food security 2. Diversify farm produce

Soil carbon

Potential carbon benefits

Cash flow

1,054,132

5,250,503

8,712,832

11,113,555

(1,000,000)

0

1,000,000

2,000,000

3,000,000

4,000,000

5,000,000

6,000,000

7,000,000

8,000,000

9,000,000

10,000,000

11,000,000

12,000,000

CA

SH F

LOW

US$

PROJECT YEAR

Total of ca. US$ 2.4m needed

Social impact assessment

Land and its resources- Most important resource

Land ownership –

Lower Nyando: Land adjudication complete with

parcel numbers but most people don’t have title

deeds.

•Mid Nyando: Settlement scheme in the 60’s. Most

have title deeds. Not all households grow sugar

cane especially the poor. Some squatters with no

land – work as labourers or farm unused land(

absentee landlords). One cannot move to another

piece of land to build unless you bought.

•Women have no rights over ancestral lands

•In both areas land can be tied to loans either

agricultural, bank or for the mid Nyando; the

Settlement loan

Types of Land conflicts

1. Boundary conflicts especially in lower Nyando

where boundaries are less well defined.

2. conflicts between sons and parents if parents

sold land and

3. land clashes

Conflict resolutions

•Resolution through clan elders

•Provincial administration(Chief).

•Legal redress through courts

•N/B Leasing agreement usually by mutual

understanding

Social/cultural

1. Religious affiliation may have restrictions such

as SDA, Legio Maria

2. Market-poor get products cheaply and are

nearer

3. Funerals- activities may have to be suspended

4. Taboos such as golo kodhi

5. Maize planting culture- Maize planting given

priority over other activities

Environmental

1. Flooding 5. Hailstorms

2. Drought 6. Inadequate rain

3. Crop destruction by wildlife

4. Soil erosion

Recruitment of staff

Around 14 staffs have been recruited as follows

•1 project officer

•2 extension officers

•1 driver

•10 Lead farmers

Activities on progress

The project is in the process of identifying 10 communities for the pilot stage. •5 in lower Nyando and another 5 mid-Nyando •Identifying a consultant for Carbon qualification is in progress •Setting up of the project data base •Awareness raising and •preparation for march/April 2011 planting in progress

PROJECT ORGANIZATION

Project CBO

District/ divisions

locations locations

Secretariat technical staff

Extension officers

Thank you