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Carnot-Batteries
> 10th German-Japanese Environment and Energy Dialogue Forum, 29/30 October 2019, Tokyo >Dan Bauer >30.10.2019
10th German-Japanese Environment and Energy Dialogue ForumWTC Conference Center, Tokyo
DLR.de • Folie 1
Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. (DLR)
German Aerospace Center
Institute of Engineering Thermodynamics | Thermal Process Technology
Dan Bauer
DLR.de/tt/en
One important element for the energy transition of the electricity sector:
Site independent, cycle-resistant, inexpensive storage of electrical energy
However:
Heat sector?
are there similar technological solutions to bidirectional Vehicle-to-grid (V2G)
for the coupling of the electricity and heat sectors?
Motivation
?
> 10th German-Japanese Environment and Energy Dialogue Forum, 29/30 October 2019, Tokyo >Dan Bauer >30.10.2019DLR.de • Folie 2
• Carnot Batteries are an emerging technology for the inexpensive and site-independent
storage of electric energy at medium to large scale.
• A Carnot Battery transforms electricity into heat, stores the heat in inexpensive storage
media like water or molten salt and transforms the heat back to electricity when required.
It is the application “electricity storage” for the component “thermal energy storage”
It can be a tool for power & heat energy management
What is a „Carnot Battery“?
DLR.de • Slide 3 > 10th German-Japanese Environment and Energy Dialogue Forum, 29/30 October 2019, Tokyo >Dan Bauer >30.10.2019
Technological concepts
DLR.de • Slide 4
A transformation can be:
• a heat pump based on a
Brayton cycle
• a heat pump based on a
Rankine cycle
• another kind of heat pump
• direct resistance heating
B heat storage can be:
• molten salt storage
• latent heat storage
• regenerator storage
• another kind of heat storage
• a combination of different
kinds of TES
C transformation can be:
• a Brayton cycle
• a Rankine cycle
• another kind of heat powered
cycle
> 10th German-Japanese Environment and Energy Dialogue Forum, 29/30 October 2019, Tokyo >Dan Bauer >30.10.2019
Examples
> 10th German-Japanese Environment and Energy Dialogue Forum, 29/30 October 2019, Tokyo >Dan Bauer >30.10.2019DLR.de • Folie 5
...
+ several scientific concepts
Siemens Gamesa ETES
Source: B&P
MAN ETES
Source: MAN SE
Google-X Malta
Source: Google-X
One example:
Sector coupling with Smart District Heating
> 10th German-Japanese Environment and Energy Dialogue Forum, 29/30 October 2019, Tokyo >Dan Bauer >30.10.2019DLR.de • Folie 6
charge discharge
Project activities:
Development and analysis of different system
combinations including a techno-economic
assessment
Development of business models
(on European level)
Construction and operation of a first-of-its-kind
laboratory pilot system at DLR
European project H2020 CHESTER 2018-2021
> 10th German-Japanese Environment and Energy Dialogue Forum, 29/30 October 2019, Tokyo >Dan Bauer >30.10.2019DLR.de • Folie 7
New Annex “Carnot Batteries” in the framework of the
International Energy Agency IEA
DLR.de • Slide 8 > 10th German-Japanese Environment and Energy Dialogue Forum, 29/30 October 2019, Tokyo >Dan Bauer >30.10.2019
• ~ 40 participants…
• …from 12 member
countries
Systems are technologically diverse; so far there is no uniform technology, since the
applications are very different.
There is an enormous potential, both for the electricity and heat sectors, as well as for
the coupling and flexibilisation of both sectors
The technology readiness level (TRL) is still very low.
there is still a lot to do, technically and economically!
test sites and pilot plants are needed
Conclusions
> 10th German-Japanese Environment and Energy Dialogue Forum, 29/30 October 2019, Tokyo >Dan Bauer >30.10.2019DLR.de • Folie 9
Thank You!
> 10th German-Japanese Environment and Energy Dialogue Forum, 29/30 October 2019, Tokyo >Dan Bauer >30.10.2019DLR.de • Folie 10
Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. (DLR)
German Aerospace Center
Institute of Engineering Thermodynamics | Thermal Process Technology
Dan Bauer
DLR.de/tt/en
> 10th German-Japanese Environment and Energy Dialogue Forum, 29/30 October 2019, Tokyo >Dan Bauer >30.10.2019DLR.de • Folie 11
Backup
Participating and interested companies and organizations
DLR.de • Slide 12
* TBC
> 10th German-Japanese Environment and Energy Dialogue Forum, 29/30 October 2019, Tokyo >Dan Bauer >30.10.2019
country company / organization
Belgium Liege University, Uni Gent
Denmark PlanEnergi, DTU, Aaalborg University
France CEA
Germany Chemnitz University of Technology Project Management Jülich (PtJ)
Erlangen University German Energy Agency (DENA)
Fraunhofer ISE, UMSICHT, IFAM Siemens Gamesa Renewable Energy
German Aerospace Center DLR Steinmüller Engineering
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)* Stuttgart University
Kraftblock Technische Universität Berlin
MAN Energy Solutions* Zittau/Görlitz University of Applied Sciences
Italy CNR-ITAE, University of Pisa, ENEA
Japan Hokkaido University
South Korea Korea Institute of Energy Research
Netherlands TNO-ECN
Sweden Climeon, Rise*
Switzerland MAN Energy Solutions
UK Birmingham University, Highview Power, Durham University*
USA Malta Inc, NREL, US Bipartisan Policy Center*
DLR.de • Slide 13 > 10th German-Japanese Environment and Energy Dialogue Forum, 29/30 October 2019, Tokyo >Dan Bauer >30.10.2019
Planned IEA ECES Annex
Carnot Batteries
Subtask A
Rankine Batteries
• Identification of cycle designs
• Boundary conditions for TES
• Elaboration of R&D demand
Subtask B
Brayton Batteries
• Identification of cycle designs
• Boundary conditions for TES
• Elaboration of R&D demand
Subtask C
Other concepts and
combinations• Identification of system concepts
• Boundary conditions for TES
Subtask E
Cross-cutting issues
• Life cycle assessment
• Political regulations, CO2, hearts and minds
• Technology to market
• Dissemination
Operating Agent:
Dan Bauer (DLR)
Lead:
Adrienne Little
(Malta Inc)
Subtask D
Market analysis and
energy system
• Identification of services that can/should be
provided by Carnot Batteries
• Sector coupling options
• Transition of fossil and solar power plants
Subtask 0
Definitions
Lead:
Yulong Ding (Uni Birmingham) Lead: Uni Newcastle?
• KPIs
• State of the art with strong focus on thermal energy
storage
Lead:
Salvatore Vasta
(CNR-ITAE)
Operating Agent:
Dan Bauer (DLR)
Lead:
Kurt Engelbrecht (DTU)
Structure of the proposed Annex
DLR.de • Slide 13 > 10. Deutsch-Japanisches Umwelt- und Energiedialogforum >Dan Bauer >30.10.2019
Lead:
Adrienne Little
(Malta Inc)