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Carrers for a sustainable future

September 2010CAREERS FOR A

SUSTAINABLE FUTUREA REFERENCE GUIDE TO

GREEN JOBS IN BRITISH COLUMBIACopyright 2010 by the GLOBE Foundation. No use ofthis publication may be made for resale or any other commercial purpose withoutexpress written permission of the copyright holder.The GLOBE Foundation of Canada is a Vancouver-based,not-for-profit organization dedicated to finding practical business-oriented solutions to the worlds environmental problems. Formedin 1993, weve helped companies and individuals realize the value ofeconomically viable environmental business opportunities throughour conferences and events, research and consulting, projectmanagement, communications and awards program.Were a leader in championing green initiatives and leveragingsustainable ventures into mutually rewarding opportunities forenterprise and the environment. From urban sustainability to climatechange, were helping change the world by degrees.For more information on the GLOBE Foundation, please visitour website at:www.globe.caFor more information,

please contact:GLOBE FoundationWorld Trade Centre578 999 Canada PlaceVancouver, BCCanada V6C 3E1Tel : (604) 695 5001Fax : (604) 695 5019Email : [email protected] report has been funded in part throughthe Canada-British Columbia Labour MarketAgreement. Careers for a Sustainable Future / A Reference Guide to Green Jobs in BC // 1

The environment and the economy have too often beenconsidered as separate entities, but the tide is turningand more and more people realize that for economicdevelopment to be successful, it must be done in anenvironmentally responsible and sustainable way.Research shows that the jurisdictions able to nurturea culture of sustainability and create a vision forsustainable economic development are not onlydefining themselves as the leaders of tomorrow, butare better able to attract the skilled workforce neededto tackle the challenges of today because they create apositive image of a place to live and conduct business.British Columbia is one such place where sustainability

thinking is helping to integrate social and environmentalconsiderations alongside economic development and isleading to a sustainability inspired, greener economy.This guide has been designed as a resource for students,job seekers, career counsellors, and people interestedin learning more about existing and emerging, well-paid work opportunities in British Columbias rapidlyexpanding green economy.The guide is based on the GLOBE FoundationsSeptember 2010 report entitled British Columbias


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Green Economy: Securing the Workforce ofTomorrow, with funding generously provided by theCanada-British Columbia Labour Market Agreement,an agreement between the Province of BC and theGovernment of Canada.For additional information and resources on BCs greeneconomy and labour market, please visit:www.globe.ca// Purposeof this GuideThis GuidE hAs BEENdEsiGNEd As A REsOuRCEFOR sTudENTs, JOBsEEkERs, CAREERCOuNsELLORs, ANd pEOpLEiNTEREsTEd iN LEARNiNGmORE ABOuT ExisTiNGANd EmERGiNG, wELL-pAid wORk OppORTuNiTiEsiN BRiTish COLumBiAsRApidLy ExpANdiNG GREENECONOmy. 2 // GLOBE Foundation Careers for a Sustainable Future / A Reference Guide to Green Jobs in BC // 3

Purpose of this Guide // 1Greening the Economy // 5Key Sectors // 7Defining Green Jobs // 9BCs Green Workforce // 11BCs Green Jobs by Sector // 15Summary // 29Green Job Resources // 30// Contents 4 // GLOBE Foundation Careers for a Sustainable Future / A Reference Guide to Green Jobs in BC // 5The green economy is defined as a fast-growingeconomic development model that focuses on thecreation of green jobs, the promotion of real, sustainable

economic growth, and the prevention of environmentalpollution, global warming, resource depletion, andecological degradation.Many factors are driving the global shift toward a greenereconomy, most notably the need to deal with the impactsof climate change, to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG)emissions, to better manage resource shortages, toweather fluctuations in commodity prices, and to createnew employment opportunities.The green components of the global economy had anestimated market value of nearly US $5.2 trillion in 2008and in 2009, investment in clean energy alone was nearlyUS $140 billionparticularly in the areas of solar energy,

wind power, and biofuels. This investment is helping todrive down green and clean energy technology pricesand to bring them into the mainstream economy.Greening British Columbias economy involvestransitioning to one that is powered by greentechnologies and practices in every dimension ofsociety and one that generates green jobs, creates moresustainable businesses, and stimulates low-carboninvestments province-wide. It is important to realizethat the green economy in BC is not separate from the


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economy as a whole, but rather is a growing trend that isapparent across all industries and all sectors.Research suggests that BCs economic future under a low-carbon regime is particularly promising. Based on a widerange of sources, the green elements of BCs economy aregrowing faster than the provinces economy as a wholeand are expected to continue to do so over the nextdecade. In addition, based on a recent survey of BC-basedgreen companies conducted by the GLOBE Foundation,95 percent feel that there are likely to be moderate tosignificant opportunities for their industry sector over thenext decade.With many of the provinces traditional resource-basedindustries having suffered from severe fluctuations incommodity prices and climate-related conditions in recentyearsfor example, British Columbias forestry sector isstill reeling from the devastating effects of the mountainpine beetle epidemicthe provinces public and privatesectors have been seizing opportunities and mitigatingrisks by increasing investments in renewable energy, cleantechnology, and green infrastructure, generating jobs forthousands of BC residents in the process.With this investment comes an increased demand fora labour force with the technical skills and knowledge

needed to retool key industries in order to adaptto a more carbon and resource constrained world.According to a recent report published by ECO Canada,environmental skills are quickly becoming moreimportant across the workforce and within every industry.The demand for expertise in renewable energy, energyand resource efficiency, green building design andconstruction, environmental protection, and carbonmanagement is expected to increase significantly over thenext decade1.The key message here is that the transition to a lower-carbon future is not something we can either choose

to do or not to do. As a society there is no other option.The good news is that while environmental and energyissues present some of the worlds most pressingchallenges, they also present some of the greatesteconomic and employment opportunities. And BritishColumbia has all that is needed to make the transitionwithout causing undue hardship and dislocation to itscommunities and residents.1// Greeningthe Economy1. ECO Canada (2010). Profile of Canadian Environmental Employment Labour Market Research Study.ThE GREEN ELEmENTs

OF BCs ECONOmy AREGROwiNG FAsTER ThAN ThEpROviNCEs ECONOmy As AwhOLE ANd ARE ExpECTEdTO CONTiNuE TO dO sO OvERThE NExT dECAdE.6 // GLOBE FoundationSeven Mile DaM near Trail, BC.Careers for a Sustainable Future / A ReferenceGuide to Green Jobs in BC // 7Six key sectors are responsible for supplying the bulk ofthe green products and services in BC to other areas of


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the economy in order to help lower GHG emissions and toreduce human-related impacts on the environment.In 2008, these sectors combined generated $18.4 billion inrevenues for BC companies and contributed roughly $15.3billion to provincial gross domestic product (GDP)$11.1billion direct and $4.2 billion indirectwhich is equal to10.2 percent of the provinces total GDP for that year.Most of the activity in the green sectors of BCs economyis concentrated in the south-western regions of theprovincethe areas with the highest populationsand easier access to physical and social infrastructure.However, other regions throughout BC are directlyresponsible for the generation of a large percentage ofthe wealth from the exploitation of the provinces naturalresources, including its renewable energy, abundantsupplies of lower-carbon natural gas, and its greenforestry-related products.In addition, by developing innovative practices, adoptingnew technologies, and consulting the services offeredby firms that are part of the six key sectors, traditionalprimary resource-based industriesincluding forestry,agriculture/aquaculture, mining, and oil and gasareprogressively greening their operations across theprovince. The same holds true for secondary and service-

based sectors, such as in the manufacturing, wholesale,retail, transportation, warehousing, tourism, hospitality,and food services industries.It is also important to recognize that internal, grassroots efforts are being made within many organizationsin other areas of BCs economy that fall outside of thesix key green sectors. Green teams and committees,sustainability managers, and engaged employees areworking to improve the environmental performance oftheir companies and to promote energy and resourceefficiency.For these reasons, the numbers of green jobs presented inthis guide are considered to be conservative estimates.

2// Key SectorsThE Six KEY GrEEn SECTOrS arE:1. Clean & Alternative Energy (includingrenewable energy, bioenergy, and fuel cells);2. Energy Management & Efficiency (includingenergy storage, transmission infrastructureand smart grid, energy efficient lighting andheating, ventilating, and air conditioning (HVAC),and public transportation);3. Green Building (including green construction,infrastructure development, community design,and real estate);4. Environmental Protection (including elements

of agriculture and silviculture, remediation,pollution control, and environmental consulting/engineering);5. Carbon Finance & Investment (including carbonmanagement, offset markets, and venturecapital); and6. Green Knowledge & Support (includingresearch and development (R&D), advancededucation and training, law, informationand communications technology (ICT), non-


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governmental organizations (NGOs), and thepublic sector).8 // GLOBE Foundation Careers for a Sustainable Future /A Reference Guide to Green Jobs in BC // 9Green jobs are essentially occupations that directly workwith policies, information, materials, and/or technologiesthat contribute to minimizing environmental impact,and require specialized knowledge, skills, training, orexperience in these areas.2The United Nations Environment Programme(UNEP) has defined green jobs as those positions inagriculture, manufacturing, research and development,administration, and the service sector that contributesubstantially to preserving or restoring environmentalquality.3This includes jobs that directly or indirectly helpto protect ecosystems and biodiversity; reduce the use ofenergy, materials, and water consumption; de-carbonizethe economy; and minimize or avoid waste and pollution.When an occupation produces an output or lowers theprice of a product that offers positive environmentalexternalities, this may be considered in whole or in

part as a green job. Two examples would be the netenvironmental impacts when an engineer remediatesan old mining site, or when a solar panel manufacturerincreases the supply of photovoltaic (PV) panels, therebyreducing their cost to consumers in the market, which in-turn contributes to lessening GHG emissions.Most green jobs are not new jobs but rather are basedon existing occupations that become, in a sense,greener as they build environmental skills and tasksinto their everyday duties. As such, in the transition toa lower-carbon, greener economy, the lines betweenenvironmental jobs and occupations in more traditionalsectors are becoming increasingly blurred. While job

descriptions for strictly environmental careers willcontinue to exist, traditional occupations, such asengineers, architects, property managers, electricians,construction workers, financial advisors, and informationand communication technology (ICT) specialists, toname but a few, will increasingly incorporate aspects ofsustainability and greener practices.It is also important to recognize that a full definition ofgreen jobs must recognize that every job has both greenand brown effects, just as every green project has someimpact on the environment. For example, while a windpark releases near-zero GHG emissions, its developmentwill have an impact on the surrounding eco-systeman

impact which is important to minimize.Employment growth in green jobs can be directlylinked to increased investment in efforts to improve theenvironment, reduce pollution, and lower GHG emissionsthrough clean technologies and improved energyefficiencyareas that have been receiving particularattention over the last decade and are resulting in agrowing number of green jobs here in BC.3// DefiningGreen Jobs


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2. California Community Colleges Centers of Excellence, Economy and Work-force Development (2009), Green Industries & Jobs in California.3. UNEP, ILO, IOE and ITUC (2008), Green Jobs: Toward Decent Work in aSustainable, Low Carbon World.ENviRONmENTAL skiLLsARE quiCkLy BECOmiNGmORE impORTANT ACROssThE wORkFORCE ANdwiThiN EvERy iNdusTRy.Training& Support-0.3%Conservation& PollutionMitigation+3%EnergyEfficiency+18%CleanEnergy+23%EnvironmentallyFriendly

Production+67%GROWTH OF JOBS IN THE US CLEAN ENERGY ECONOMY, 1998 TO 2007Growth of jobs in the US clean energy economy, 1998 to 2007.Source: The Pew Charitable Trusts (2009) the Clean Energy economy10 // GLOBE Foundation Careers for a Sustainable Future / A Reference Guide to Green Jobs in BC // 11In 2008, the green elements in BCs economy wereresponsible for nearly 166,000 full-time equivalent (FTE)jobs117,000 direct and 49,000 indirectequal to 7.2percent of total provincial employment. While the Cleanand Alternative Energy sector is the largest in terms

of green GDP generation, other sectors of BCs greeneconomy are more labour intensive and are thereforeresponsible for more jobs. As illustrated in Figure 1, theEnvironmental Protection sector was responsible forapproximately 32,700 direct FTE jobs in 2008, equivalentto more than one-quarter (28 percent) of all green jobsin the province. The Energy Management and Efficiencysector was the second largest in terms of employmentin the provinces green economy, responsible forapproximately 24,800 direct FTE jobs in 2008due inpart to elements related to sustainable transportation.All occupational sectors contribute to greening theprovinces economy, although to varying degrees (see

Figure 2). Trades, transport, equipment operators, andrelated occupations were responsible for more thanone-quarter (27 percent) of the green occupations inBC in 2008equal to more than 31,200 direct FTE jobs.Occupations in business, finance, and administration, aswell as in natural and applied sciences, also ranked highin importance, making up approximately 17 percent and15 percent of all direct green jobs, respectively.As illustrated in Figure 3, green jobs in agriculture(which include farmers and farm managers, aquaculture


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operators, nursery and greenhouse operators, andlandscaping and ground maintenance supervisors)ranked highest in number for BCs green economyequal to 13,000 direct FTE jobs in 2008 and makingup 11 percent of all direct green jobs in the province.Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences(which include scientists and researchers, engineers,forestry professionals, and architects) were secondat 9,600 direct FTE jobs, equivalent to 8 percent of alldirect green jobs in BC. Other important occupationalcategories include transportation equipment operators,technical occupations related to natural and appliedsciences, construction trades, mechanics, andprofessional occupations in business and finance.It is important to note that not all jobs in theseoccupational categories are counted; only theestimated proportion of those dedicated to greeninitiatives. For example, only farmers involved in organicand sustainable practices and architects involved ingreen building practices are counted.4// BCs GreenWorkforceGreenKnowledge

16,060 (14%)Clean &AlternativeEnergy 21,743(18%)EnergyManagement& Efficiency24,821 (21%)EnvironmentalProtection32,732 (28%)Green Building

21,029 (18%)Carbon Finance& Investment773 (1%)Figure1: Direct full-time equivalent jobsin BCs green economy by sector in 2008.Source: GLOBE Foundation12 // GLOBE FoundationTOTAL DIRECTFTE GREENJOBS% OFTOTAL OCCUPATION (2 DIGIT NOC-S)I0 Occupations unique to agriculture, excluding labourers 13,046 11.1%

C0 Professional occupations in natural & applied sciences 9,620 8.2%B5 Clerical occupations 8,591 7.3%H7 Transportation equipment operators & related workers, excluding labourers 7,006 6.0%C1 Technical occupations related to natural & applied sciences 6,754 5.8%H1 Construction trades 5,417 4.6%H4 Mechanics 4,702 4.0%B0 Professional occupations in business & finance 4,465 3.8%A3 Other managers, n.e.c. 4,274 3.6%H8 Trades helpers, construction, and transportation labourers & related occupati


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ons 4,165 3.6%I2 Primary production labourers 3,585 3.1%A1 Specialist managers 3,449 2.9%H2 Stationary engineers, power station operators & electrical trades & telecommunications occupations 3,442 2.9%E0 Lawyers & policy and program officers 3,095 2.6%J2 Assemblers in manufacturing 3,000 2.6%B3 Administrative & regulatory occupations 2,926 2.5%G9 Sales and service occupations, n.e.c. 2,863 2.4%J1 Machine operators in manufacturing 2,717 2.3%J3 Labourers in processing, manufacturing & utilities 2,223 1.9%H6 Heavy equipment & crane operators, including drillers 1,875 1.6%Other Direct FTE Green Jobs in BC 19,941 17.0%Total Direct FTE Green Jobs in BC 117,158 100.0%Figure 2: Green labour force by occupationand number of direct FTE jobs in 2008Source: GLOBE Foundation(based on Statistics Canada 2006 Census).Figure 3: Direct FTE green jobs in BCs green economy by2-digit occupational code in 2008Source: GLOBE Foundation(based on Statistics Canada 2006 Census)9.0%B//Business, finance & administrative

C//Natural & applied sciences & related occupationsD//Health occupationsE//Occupations in social science, education, government service & religionG//Sales & service occupationsH//Trades, transport & equipment operators & related occupationsI//Occupations unique to primary industryJ//Occupations unique to processing, manufacturing & utilitiesA//Management occupations 10,55417.4%20,38714.7%17,2720.3%

3894.5%5,285F//Occupations in art, culture, recreation & sport1.9%2,1996.4%7,52426.7%31,26311.3%13,2667.7%

9,019Careers for a Sustainable Future / A Reference Guide to Green Jobs in BC // 13British Columbias green labour force is generally older thanthe provinces labour force as a whole, with 44 percentbeing between the ages of 45 and 64 at the time of thelast Census in 2006 (See Figure 4). By comparison, only 35percent of BCs total labour force was between the ages of45 and 64.British Columbias green labour force is fairly well educated,with 62 percent having some level of post-secondary


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education or trades training (see Figure 5). Of thepercentage with post-secondary education, 40 percenthave obtained a level of Bachelors degree or higher. Interms of the post-secondary field of study, approximatelyone-third (34 percent) of BCs green work force have aneducational background in architecture, engineering, orrelated technology. Business, management, and publicadministration are also important with 16 percent of BCsgreen labour market having educational backgrounds inthese areas.An area of growing opportunity for green jobs in BC is tiedto First Nations communities, especially in the areas ofenvironmental protection, land management, conservation,sustainable forestry, carbon management, renewableenergy, bioenergy, district energy, and green building.Green initiatives are generally well supported by FirstNations in BC because they are in-line with their culturalvalues. However, in order to realize the full potential, it willbe essential to build strategies that address education,training, recruitment, and labour market issues foraboriginal populations in BC related to the green economy.Funding that supports Aboriginal training and educationin their communities is extremely important, as manymembers have difficulties leaving to attend educational

facilities that are often long distances from home.It should also be noted that many green trades peopleand environmental professionals in BC are finding workabroad. While some of these positions are permanent, manyothers are only temporary, such as through internationalaid missions and conservation efforts. Following massiveearthquakes in China in May 2008, for example, greenworkers from BC with wood-frame construction expertisehelped rebuild damaged communities for thousandsof families. More recently, in May 2010, BC professionalstrained in spill control and pollution management traveledto the Gulf of Mexico to assist with the clean-up efforts fromthe BP offshore oil platform disaster.

A variety of new employment opportunities in BC arealready emerging as the economy transitions towarda greener future. These include tidal power electricalengineers, solar thermal technicians, wood pellet machineoperators, energy managers, green real estate brokers,waste reduction consultants, GHG emissions verifiers,carbon trading market analysts, and hydrogen fuel cellresearchers, to name a few. A more detailed description ofsome of the specific jobs from each of the key sectors isprovided in the section that follows.3%7%17%

24%27%16%3%15 to19Years20 to 24Years25 to 34Years


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35 to 44Years45 to 54Years55 to 64Years65 to 74Years30%25%20%15%10%5%0%Apprenticeship ortrades certificateor diploma 14%Master'sdegree 6%Earneddoctorate1% Universitycertificate or

diploma abovebachelor level 2%Bachelorsdegree 16%Universitycertificate ordiploma belowbachelorlevel 5%No certificate,diploma ordegree 12%High school

certificateor equivalent26% College or othernon-universitycertificate ordiploma 18%Figure 4: BCs green labour force by age group.Source: GLOBE Foundation(based on Statistics Canada 2006 Census)Figure 5: BCs green labour force by highesteducation level achieved.Source: GLOBE Foundation(based on Statistics Canada 2006 Census)14 // GLOBE Foundation

Engineering, sales, and marketing experts within the greenspace will be highly sought after. There will be big opportunities in the manufacturing of windturbine components in BCtechnical position related to turbineinstallation, farm maintenance, and research and developmentof wind turbine related technologies. Those individuals who have the ability to access private capitaland guide that towards cleantech companies in BC will do verywell. Experienced, culturally-sensitive First Nations relations


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personnel are essential for our business. Those skilled in a variety of areas, ranging from human andpublic relations to energy assessment and/or renewable energytechnology installations are needed. we are always looking to find skilled technicians with strongpeople skills to help us develop our business and clientcontacts. There is a demand for more experts in Building informationmodelling (Bim) and energy modeling software. There is a dire shortage of accredited hvACR installationprofessionals in North America.One third (33 %) of the green companies surveyed by the GlOBe Foundation inMarch 2010 had job vacancies. This is what some of them had to say:Careers for aSustainable Future / A Reference Guide to Green Jobs in BC // 155//BCs GreenJobs by Sector16 // GLOBE FoundationNumber of Direct Jobs in BC (2008): 21,700The Clean and Alternative Energy sector includes jobs thatrelate to the renewable energy, bioenergy, and hydrogenfuel cell sub-sectors.Renewable energy includes power produced fromnaturally replenished sources, including hydro, wave andtidal forces, wind, solar, and geothermalall of which arefound in abundance in BC. While BC has a well-established

clean energy background from hydro dam projects builtin the 1950s through 1970s, exciting new employmentopportunities are emerging in many communitiesrelated to wind energy, ocean energy, solar thermal, andbioenergy projects.BC Hydros 2008 Clean Power Call resulted in an additional27 new projects being awarded to companies who willbe looking to hire skilled workers over the next few years.These projects, mostly related to small hydro and windenergy, are estimated to require investments of $3.89billion and to create 3,800 years of employment.Many forest-based communities in BC are turning tobioenergy to heat their homes and buildings and power

some of their industrial operations. Research for secondand new third generation cellulose-based biofuels is alsohelping to give BC a reputation as the Silicon Valley of thebioenergy world and creating employment opportunities.In addition, fuel cells are expected to be the fastestgrowing clean energy sector globally over the nextdecade with a cumulative employment forecast to exceedthat of any other clean technology sector, including windand solar. British Columbias fuel cell cluster occupies aleadership position with 16 percent of the total globalmarket share, and is comprised of 40 companies thatemploy approximately 2,000 people at present. As oflate 2009, BC Transit has been operating 20 hydrogen

fuel cell buses in Whistlerthe worlds largest fuel celldemonstration fleet.Featured Jobs in the Clean & Alternative EnergySectorBioenergy Plant engineerA Bioenergy Plant Engineer designs, constructs, andmaintains bioenergy generation facilities. BritishColumbias vast forests-based assets have for yearsbeen a staple to communities throughout the province.As communities throughout BC look to diversify their


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economic opportunities, bioenergy production plantsthat specialize in gasification, co-generation, landfill gas(methane) capture, or cellulosic ethanol, biodiesel, andwood pellet production require experienced engineerswho can ensure that these plants are designed to functioneffectively and are efficiently maintained.Minimum Educational Requirement:Bachelor of EngineeringAnnual Salary Range: $80,000 - $140,000Hydroelectric Plant efficiency OperatorThe Hydroelectric Plant Efficiency Operator is responsiblefor maintaining and monitoring plant equipmentfor efficient and safe operations. There are currentlyseven large hydro dams in BC and many smaller onesthat generate nearly 50 percent of the provinces totalelectricity supply. In addition, with more than 35 small-and micro-hydro projects either in operation or underdevelopment in BC, Plant Efficiency Operators areresponsible for ensuring that water flows through turbinesare optimized for power generation throughout the year.Minimum Educational Requirement: Diploma ofEngineering Technology, Bachelor of EngineeringAnnual Salary Range: $60,000 - $90,000Hydrogen Fuel Cell Technician

British Columbia is a hub for fuel cell research anddevelopment and a Hydrogen Fuel Cell Technicians job isto manufacture, test, and install hydrogen fuel cells. TheCanadian Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Association, along witha number of private firms, is working hard to grow BCsworld-class fuel cell cluster in the Lower Mainland, withtechnologies designed for powering vehicles, forklifts,laptops, and even communities through stationarypower applications.Minimum Educational Requirement: Diploma ofEngineering TechnologyAnnual Salary Range: $50,000 - $90,000CLEan & aLTErnaTivE EnErGyCareers for a Sustainable Future / A Reference Gui

de to Green Jobs in BC // 17// Professional occupations in natural and appliedsciences(approx. 12% of jobs in this sector)These generally high-paying occupationsinclude chemists, geologists, biologists, forestryprofessionals, and engineers from all disciplines whoform the back bone of jobs in this sector.// Stationary engineers, power station operatorsand electrical trades(approx. 9.5% of jobs in this sector)Industrial and power system electricians andoperators involved in the design and maintenance of

renewable energy power stations play a critical rolein the delivery of reliable, low-emission electricitythroughout the province.// Technical occupations related to natural andapplied sciences(approx. 9.5% of jobs in this sector)Technicians of all types (chemical, mineral,geological, biological, forestry, engineering) that areresponsible for ensuring proper testing, installation,and maintenance of energy systems and related


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technologies.// Machine operators in manufacturing(approx.6% of jobs in this sector)Machine operators play an important role forchemical processing and mill operations, particularlyin the bioenergy subsector.// Other managers(approx. 5% of jobs in this sector)Managers in this category are responsible foroverseeing clean energy-related equipmentmanufacturing and the maintenance of powerutilities.// Labourers in processing, manufacturingand utilities(approx. 5% of jobs in this sector)Mineral, chemical, metal, wood, pulp, and processinglabourers are important for the construction andcontinued operation of clean energy systems andmanufacturing of related technologies.TOp OCCupaTiOnS in ThE CLEan &aLTErnaTivE EnErGY SECTOr(BY 2-diGiT nOC-S COdE)CLEan & aLTErnaTivE EnErGY SECTOr JOBTiTLES

// Hydrologist// Structural Engineer// Wind Turbine Mechanical Engineer// Wind Turbine Technician// Wind Tower Sheet Metal Worker// Landfill Gas Collection System Operator// Solar PV Component Manufacturing Manager// Solar Hot Water Manufacturing Technician// Geothermal Electrical Engineer// Wood Pellet Machine Operator 18 // GLOBE FoundationNumber of Direct Jobs in BC (2008): 24,800The Energy Management and Efficiency sectorincludes jobs that relate to energy management;

energy infrastructure (including emerging smart gridtechnologies); energy storage and batteries; energy savinglighting and heating, ventilating, and air conditioning(HVAC); power electronics; engines and power savingautomotive equipment; and transportation (includingelements of public transportation). The sector includessome of the largest and fastest-growing job opportunitiessurrounding the development and application of greentechnologies and practices that can help organizationsbecome more energy efficient and lower their GHGemissionsespecially in the areas of transportation, largeindustry, and the built environment.Jobs developing energy storage systems are becoming

increasingly important as the world changes toelectricity options surrounding intermittent renewableenergy sources. While the manufacturing of the batterytechnologies designed in BC happens mostly overseas,considerable work in prototype development and testingcontinues here in the province in the realm of batterychemistry and materials, chargers and converters, aswell as in system controls. In addition, jobs in energydistribution will be key as BC Hydro plans to modernizeand upgrade its electricity grid and metering system,


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creating work in the field of power managementincluding jobs replacing all of the public utilitys 1.8 millioncustomer meters with smarter digital ones.In terms of energy-saving heating, two areas of growinginterest in BC are geothermal exchange and districtenergy. Large potential for employment exists ascompanies involved in contracting for heating andcooling become involved in operations that includegeothermal applications. District heating systems,common in Europe, will require individuals with expertisein installing these systems in order to reduce energyconsumption, often using organic waste to heat andpower homes and buildings.In addition, BC is home to a number of world-classcompanies whose innovative clean technologies haveplaced natural gas vehicles at the forefront in terms ofhorsepower, efficiency, fuel cost savings, GHG reductions,and air quality improvements. Public transit is also animportant element in a greener economy and the job oftransit vehicle operators is critical to lowering the GHGemissions from private vehicle use.Featured Jobs in the Energy Management &Efficiency SectorSmart Grid engineer

The Smart Grid Engineer addresses complex problems inthe electric power delivery infrastructure related to gridmodernization. The engineer helps define, plan, and installfirmware, and execute test procedures and test criteria insystem integration testing along with characterizing andimproving network performance. Other responsibilitiesinclude analyzing the impact of meter applications on autilitys infrastructure, including integration of applicationswith other smart grid technologies.Minimum Educational Requirement: Bachelors Degreein Electrical/Power Systems EngineeringAnnual Salary Range: $70,000 - $100,000+Hybrid/electric vehicle Technician

As hybrid and electric vehicles enter the mainstream,the role of this specialized mechanic will increase inimportance. Responsibilities include the repair of hybridand electric vehicles, power-trains and controls, as well asdiagnosing complex electrical circuitry and performanceproblems. At present, most hybrid/electric vehicletechnicians are trained by the automobile manufacturerand work on a specific vehicle make due to issuessurrounding warranty.Minimum Educational Requirement: Certificate ofApprenticeship as Automotive Service Technician orequivalentAnnual Salary Range: $40,000 - $60,000

Commercial energy ManagerThe Commercial Energy Manager, often in cooperationwith one of BCs public utilities, provides advice tobusinesses on how to reduce energy consumptionand increase efficiencies, and helps the organizationimplement an energy management program. The energymanagers job is not just about implementing energyefficient technologiesits also about people. Anenergy managers goal is to create a culture within anorganization in which being energy efficient becomes a


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regular business practice.Minimum Educational Requirement: Certified EnergyManager, Professional Engineer, or Masters in BusinessAdministrationAnnual Salary Range: $60,000 - $90,000EnErGy ManaGEMEnT & EFFiCiEnCy Careers for a Sustainable Future / A Reference Guide to Green Jobs in BC // 19// Transportation equipment operators andrelated workers(approx. 23% of jobs in this sector)Bus drivers and train/rail system operators providean essential service transporting passengers and/orfreight using more efficient, lower-emission modesof transportation.// Mechanics(approx. 13% of jobs in this sector)Refrigeration and air conditioning mechanics,electrical mechanics, vehicle mechanics, andother small engine and equipment mechanicsare responsible for the proper operation andmaintenance of efficient electrical machinery,equipment, and vehicles.// Assemblers in manufacturing(approx. 6% of jobs in this sector)

Assemblers, inspectors, and testers of electronics,electrical appliances, electrical motors, andtransformers produce the electrical technologiesthat serve as low-emission alternatives to fossil fuel-powered equipment.// Professional occupations in natural andapplied sciences(approx.6% of jobs in this sector)Mechanical, electrical, and industrial engineers,information systems analysts, and softwareengineers/designers are essential for developingthe technologies which are improving energymanagement, efficiency, and storage capabilities.

// Technical occupations related to natural andapplied sciences(approx. 4% of jobs in this sector)Engineering technologists and technicians, electronicservice and control technicians, industrial designers,computer network technicians, and systems testingtechnicians are involved in developing, testing,installing, and servicing power-related technologies.// Specialist managers(approx. 3.5% of jobs in this sector)Includes engineering managers, computer andinformation system managers, and energy managerswho ensure that energy is used efficiently in

corporate, commercial, and industrial settings.TOp OCCupaTiOnS in ThE EnErGYManaGEMEnT & EFFiCiEnCY SECTOr(BY 2-diGiT nOC-S COdE):EnErGY ManaGEMEnT & EFFiCiEnCY SECTOrJOB TiTLES// Bus System Operator// Lighting Mechanic// Natural Gas Engine Mechanic// Power Electronics Assembler/Tester


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// Smart Meter Manufacturer// HVAC Engineer// Control Systems Software Engineer// Battery Testing Technician// Transmission Field Technician// Energy Storage Research Technician20 // GLOBE FoundationNumber of Direct Jobs in BC (2008): 21,000Jobs in the Green Building sector come from a variety ofindustries and include everything from architecture andengineering, to community design and urban planning,to green infrastructure development, to construction andgreen building material supply, to property managementand real estate.New low-energy and resource efficient design practices,more stringent building standards, and advancedconstruction materials, often employing pine-beetlekilled woodsuch as cross-laminated timber, concreteproducts, wooden window frames, and wood-based fibrefor insulationare shaping BCs built environment andcreating new jobs.Green building requires a total systems approachsupportive of the built environment in order to improveenergy efficiency, reduce GHGs and other emissions, andto provide safe living and working environments. In recent

years, an Integrated Design Process (IDP) has developedwhere architects, engineers, community planners,contractors, and other stakeholders work together duringthe planning phase to create synergies and to identifycreative solutions. This revolutionary approach has hadvery positive results in energy and cost savings. In addition,rating systems such as LEED, Built Green, and BOMA BEStare raising the standards within the Green Building sector.While the construction industry in BC was hit hard bythe economic slowdown in 2009, the green constructionindustry continues to see growth in the number ofcontractors and industry professionals making the shiftto educate themselves and their staff on new sustainable

building practices. Moreover, BCs evolving green buildingcode is providing an opportunity for the provincesconstruction sub-sector to develop a foundation ofknowledge in emerging green building trends andtechniques.The demand for sustainable property developers andmanagers, as well as green real estate specialists, is alsoexpected to grow substantially in coming years as BCbuilds and markets new eco-conscious developments.New design features and technologies will require propertymanagers to have experience in maintaining high-performance buildings. From a real estate perspective,a few companies are already offering green credentials

for their realtors who specialize in energy and resource-efficient homes.Featured Jobs in the Green Building& Community Design SectorGreen Building architectArchitects specializing in green buildings design, plan, andsupervise the construction of energy and resource efficientbuildings and homes. They are responsible for the safety,usefulness, and aesthetics of their buildings and mustdesign structures that satisfy their clients needs while


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conforming to building codes/by-laws and regulations ofthe areas in which the structures will be built. Architectswork with engineers, urban planners, contractors, andlandscape architects and may work for large architecturalfirms, or may be self-employed.Minimum Educational Requirement: Master ofArchitectureAnnual Salary Range: $60,000 - $120,000+Green Home renovatorThe Green Home Renovator is involved in transformingexisting houses and residential units into more efficientplaces to live and work by increasing natural light,installing renewable energy technologies and systems(including geo-exchange and solar thermal, for example)and increasing heat and energy efficiency by addinginsulation and improving the building envelope.Renovators are often self-employed but work in concertwith energy auditors, trades professionals, and otherconstruction labourers to complete green buildingprojects for clients.Minimum Educational Requirement: Certificate ofApprenticeship in Residential Building Construction(or equivalent)Annual Salary Range: $40,000 - $80,000+

Sustainable Community PlannerAn urban planner specializing in sustainable communitydesign is responsible for optimizing the effectiveness ofland use and infrastructure, typically analyzing land usecompatibility as well as economic, environmental andsocial trends. In developing their plan for a community(whether commercial, residential, agricultural, natural, orrecreational), an urban planner must also consider a widearray of issues such as surrounding vegetation, wateruse, air pollution, waste management, transportationpatterns, legislation, and zoning codes. Urban plannersare usually hired by developers, private property owners,private planning firms, and/or local/regional governments

to assist in the large-scale planning of communal andcommercial developments.Minimum Educational Requirement: Bachelor ofPlanning, Engineering, or equivalentAnnual Salary Range: $55,000 - $80,000+GrEEn BUiLDinG & COMMUniTy DESiGn Careers for a Sustainable Future / A Reference Guide to Green Jobs in BC // 21// Construction trades(approx. 21% of jobs in this sector)Includes trained trades professionals involved inplumbing, steam/pipe/gas fitting, carpentry, roofing,and insulating to improve the energy efficiency ofhomes and industrial/commercial buildings and

install renewable energy and/or green technologies.// Trades helpers, construction labourers andrelated occupations(approx. 8% of jobs in this sector)Construction trades helpers and labourers play acritical role in support of other trades professionalsand require specialized training to help meet greenbuilding standards on the construction site.// Sales and service occupations(approx. 7% of jobs in this sector)


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Caretakers and building superintendants areincreasingly involved in the maintenance andmanagement of higher-performance buildings,which are only efficient if managed properlyevenwith the latest technologies installed.// Other managers(approx.5.5% of jobs in this sector)Construction managers, residential home buildersand renovators, and real estate managers arethe occupations included in this category and areincreasingly involved in projects and developmentsrequiring specialized green knowledge.// Professional occupations in natural and appliedsciences(approx. 5% of jobs in this sector)Architects and landscape architects, civil/mechanical/electrical engineers, and urban andland-use planners that specialize in green buildingand sustainable community design are included inthis occupational category.// Technical occupations related to natural andapplied sciences(approx. 4.5% of jobs in this sector)Includes architectural and engineering technologists

and technicians, industrial designers, draftingtechnicians, landscape/horticulture specialists, andinspectors involved in the design and development ofgreen building projects.TOp OCCupaTiOnS in ThEGrEEn BuiLdinG SECTOr(BY 2-diGiT nOC-S COdE):GrEEn BuiLdinG & COMMuniTY dESiGnSECTOr JOB TiTLES// Pipefitter (geo-exchange and district energy)// Carpenter// Insulation Installer// High-Performance Building Manager

// Green Real Estate Broker// Indoor/Outdoor Landscape Architect// Civil/Green Infrastructure Engineer// Green Roof Technician// Air Sealing Technician// Health and Safety Inspector22 // GLOBE FoundationNumber of Direct Jobs in BC (2008): 32,700British Columbia has a robust and diverse EnvironmentalProtection sector with experienced and trainedprofessionals involved in providing a wide range of goodsand services to measure, prevent, limit, minimize, orcorrect environmental damage to water, air, and soil, aswell as problems with waste.

This export-oriented sector consists of two distinct butinterdependent areas: a predominantly high-technologycomponent comprised mainly of small firms producingenvironmental goods in growing and evolving industryniche markets; and an environmental consulting,engineering, and related services component. In addition,some of the most important occupations considered partof this sector are those related to sustainable agriculture,horticulture, silviculture, and farm managementjobswhich are essential to ensuring long-term food security, to


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reducing GHG emissions through carbon sequestration,and to the overall health of BC residents.Research by the GLOBE Foundation suggests that thereis a very high demand for experienced and skilledenvironmental consultants at the present time and thatdemand is expected to increase over the next decadewith the transition to a greener economy. Much of thework by consulting and environmental engineeringcompanies in the province is geared toward the provincesresource-based industries, including the forestry, mining,and oil and gas sectors, but increasingly includesemerging areas such as renewable energy projectdevelopment, GHG emission verification, and offsetproject development.Waste managementincluding individuals whospecialize in reducing, reusing, and recycling waste fromthe residential, industrial, commercial, institutional, andconstruction sectorsis a critical component to thissector. British Columbia has the third highest number ofwastewater firms in Canadamany tied to industrywith wastewater management systems accounting for 15percent of the provinces green product exports in 2009and generating jobs for hundreds of BC residents.In addition, with close to 9,000 contaminated sites

identified in BC, trained environmental professionals areimportant for the remediation of these properties. As neweco-density strategies are developed across the province,the clean-up and re-development of brownfield sites willbe essential.Featured Jobs in the Environmental ProtectionSectorOrganic HorticulturalistAn organic horticulturalist specializes in the scienceof plant cultivation and physiology, with expertisein production and breeding that minimizes thesynthetic materials used in production. However,organic horticulture is not just about producing food

without chemicalsit is a whole philosophy involvingsustainable growing practices and dedicated care of theenvironment. Horticulturalists can find work in industry,government, or educational institutions, as well as inprivate collections and may work to upgrade crop yield,quality, nutritional value, and/or a plants resistance todiseases, insects, and environmental stresses.Minimum Educational Requirement: Bachelor ofScience in Biology, Botany, Genetics, or PhysiologyAnnual Salary Range: $30,000 - $50,000+Waste reduction ConsultantThe Waste Reduction Consultant specializes in strategydevelopment to help reduce, reuse, and recycle waste

and streamline operations. The importance of this greencareer specialization is growing as businesses look to cutcosts and minimize the waste associated with all areasof product development and service delivery, as well asthroughout their entire supply chains. Other jobs includecollecting and analyzing information on waste streams,developing recommendations, and implementing wastereduction plans.Minimum Educational Requirement: Bachelor ofEngineering, Environmental Science, or Resource


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ManagementAnnual Salary Range: $45,000 - $70,000Water Supply engineerA Water Supply Engineer designs industrial and municipalwater supply infrastructure systems and ensures theireffective installation and maintenance. Responsibilitiesmay also include managing water reservoirs or treatmentplants as well as applying conservation techniques tohelp ensure adequate supplies of water are available yearround to area residents, businesses, industry/agriculture,and municipalities/regional districts.Minimum Educational Requirement: Bachelor of CivilEngineeringAnnual Salary Range: $70,000 - $100,000+EnvirOnMEnTaL PrOTECTiOn Careers for a Sustainable Future / A Reference Guide to Green Jobs in BC // 23// Occupations unique to agriculture, excludinglabourers(approx. 39% of jobs in this sector)Includes farmers and farm managers involved insustainable and organic farming practices in BC,as well as nursery and greenhouse operators,landscaping and grounds maintenance contractors,and sustainable aquaculture operators.

// Professional occupations in business and finance(approx. 7% of jobs in this sector)This occupational category includes BC-basedprofessional environmental consultants who offerbusiness services to all other sectors and industriesthroughout the province and abroad.// Professional occupations in natural andapplied sciences(approx.6% of jobs in this sector)Includes geologists and geochemists, biologists andrelated scientists, forestry professionals, agriculturalspecialists, and engineers of all types involved in theprotection of air, land, an water resources in BC.

// Primary production labourer(approx.5% of jobs in this sector)Sustainable agriculture and aquacultureharvesters and labourers, as well as silvicultureworkers involved in the ecological restoration offorestry lands.// Technical occupations related to natural andapplied sciences(approx. 4% of jobs in this sector)Includes geological, biological, forestry, andengineering technologists and technicians,industrial instrument technicians, land survey andmapping technicians, and environmental health and

occupational health and safety inspectors.TOp OCCupaTiOnS in ThE EnvirOnMEnTaLprOTECTiOn SECTOr(BY 2-diGiT nOC-S COdE):EnvirOnMEnTaL prOTECTiOnSECTOr JOB TiTLES// Ecological Restoration Planner// Land-based Aquaculture Manager// Forestry Conservation Consultant// Environmental Consultant/Engineer


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// Sustainable Seafood Harvester// Carbon Capture & Storage Geologist// Air Quality Control Engineer// Spill Response Specialist// Remediation Technologist// GHG Emissions Verifier24 // GLOBE FoundationNumber of Direct Jobs in BC (2008): 750The Carbon Finance and Investment sector still representsa relatively small number of green jobs in BC. This is duein part to lingering uncertainties about the evolvingcarbon market and the eventual nature of national orregional cap-and-trade regimes, both in Canada and theUnited States.However, BC has the financial institutions in place to putinto effect a vibrant carbon trading regime and with theprovinces carbon tax, its mandated carbon neutral publicsector, and more than 175 of its municipalities striving tobecome carbon neutral by 2012, the career opportunitiesin this sector are expected to grow rapidly over the nextdecade. Jobs in carbon managementwhich refers to anorganizations or municipalitys effort to measure and trackits carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, to reduce its carbonfootprint by changing its operations or implementing

energy efficiency measures and/or clean technologies,and to offset the balance of its emissionsare increasing,as are the opportunities for carbon offset projectdevelopers and aggregators.In addition, investment firms in BC are becomingincreasingly involved in funding clean technologycompanies as well as green infrastructure and renewableenergy projects (for example, waste hydrogen recoverysystems, geoexchange heating systems, biomassgasification plants, and water treatment plants), creatingwork for venture capitalists, investors, and portfoliomanagers alike.It should be noted that many of the business professionals

in this sector have a background in energy and/orexperience in engineering or a related technology sincean understanding of energy and its related processes isoften important for success in this area.Featured Jobs in the Carbon Finance &Investment SectorClean Technology venture Capital investmentanalystA Venture Capital Investment Analyst specializing inclean technology identifies and evaluates investmentopportunities and provides guidance regardinginvestment decisions with respect to early stage andemerging environmental and renewable energy

technologies. At present in BC, there are approximatelyhalf a dozen venture capital firms that specialize in cleantechnology investments and funding.Minimum Educational Requirement: Bachelor ofCommerce, Business Administration, or FinanceAnnual Salary Range: $70,000 - $100,000+Carbon emissions Trading SpecialistA Carbon Emissions Trading Specialist is an accountantwho specializes in using a market-based approach topromote emission reductions within industries and


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the global marketplace. While cap-and-trade for GHGemissions is still at least a couple of years away in NorthAmerica, offset/credit trading on voluntary marketssuch as the Chicago Climate Exchange exists, as doesinternational trading of emissions credits in regulatedmarkets such as the European UnionEmission TradingSystem (EU-ETS).Minimum Educational Requirement: Bachelor ofCommerce, Business Administration, or FinanceAnnual Salary Range: $70,000 - $110,000+Carbon Credit Portfolio ManagerThe Carbon Credit Portfolio Manager is a financial advisorwho buys and sells carbon credits for businesses orindividuals on the open market in order to either retirethem as an offset or to re-sell them at a higher price. InBC, the Pacific Carbon Trust is the Crown corporationestablished to buy carbon credits on behalf of theprovinces public sector. However, many small firmsare involved in managing carbon credits for largerorganizations and individuals and the portfolio managersresponsibility is to source high-quality, verified offsetsand ensure that due diligence is performed on thesetransactions.Minimum Educational Requirement: Bachelor of

Commerce, Business Administration, or FinanceAnnual Salary Range: $90,000 - $130,000+CarBOn FinanCE & invESTMEnT Careers for a Sustainable Future / A ReferenceGuide to Green Jobs in BC // 25TOp OCCupaTiOnS in ThE CarBOn FinanCE& invESTMEnT SECTOr(BY 2-diGiT nOC-S COdE):CarBOn FinanCE & invESTMEnT SECTOrJOB TiTLES// Ecological Economist// Carbon Trading Market Rate Analyst// Emissions Reduction Project Manager// Energy Trading Specialist

// Carbon Offset Project Aggregator// Carbon Offset Project Developer// Professional occupations in businessand finance(approx. 48% of jobs in this sector)Financial auditors and accountants involvedin tracking carbon and other GHG emissions,financial analysts, securities agents, and brokersinvolved in carbon offset markets and emissionstrading, and venture capital and/or other financeprofessionals specializing in renewable energyand green/clean technology investments.// Other managers

(approx. 7% of jobs in this sector)Includes financial brokerage, banking, andinvestment managers and other businessservices managers related to carbon finance andinvestment.// Specialist managers(approx.6% of jobs in this sector)Financial managers who specialize in areasrelated to energy, carbon, or clean technology.26 // GLOBE FoundationNumber of Direct Jobs in BC (2008): 16,000


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The Green Knowledge and Support sector includes jobsin education and training, research and development(R&D), information and communication technology (ICT),law and accounting, public administration, and a varietyof other jobs with supporting organizations, associations,and advocacy groups. Occupations in this sector areextremely diverse with experts and professionals comingfrom many backgrounds, including business managementand finance, natural and applied sciences, political andsocial sciences, education, law, and accounting.The development, coordination, and delivery of greeneducation and training programs are largely handledby the professors, instructors, and trades trainingprofessionals at BCs post-secondary universities,colleges, technical institutes, and tertiary sectoreducators, as well as through relevant unions, sectorcouncils, associations, and supporting organizations inthe province. The provinces well-established advancedresearch facilities, often integrated with various post-secondary institutions throughout BC, employ hundredsof researchers and experts involved in developing thelatest in green technologies and helping to establish BCas Canadas largest clean technology cluster (comparedwith national GDP).

In the ICT sub-sector, skilled engineers and techniciansare developing smarter, software-based technologiesthat are enhancing energy efficiency, increasing reliability,redesigning systems of operation, and reducing costsacross all other industries and sectors.Lawyers are developing niche expertise in transactionsrelated to the environmentincluding remediationand pollution controlas well as in providing the legaldocumentation surrounding the financing for greencompanies and projects, such as wind farms and otherrenewable energy developments. Accountants will becomeincreasingly responsible for carbon management initiatives,including emission credit tracking and energy audits.

Finally, committed individuals within provincial andmunicipal governments in BC and a wide array ofmembers in supporting non-profit organizations,committees, and associations are helping to acceleratethe transition to a greener economy in BC through theirprogressive initiatives and efforts.Featured Jobs in the Green Knowledge &Support SectorBiofuel researcherWith initiatives such as the BC Bioenergy Strategy andthe Ethanol BC Program driving some of the work, theBiofuel Researchers job is to improve the productionof biofuel from plant and animal materials and waste,

including wood, grasses, and other non-edible plants. Theresearcher works in a laboratory setting and is responsiblefor the proper use and maintenance of all lab equipment.The researcher may be self-employed or work at anynumber of public institutions or private facilities across BC.Minimum Educational Requirement: Bachelor ofScience in Forestry, Biochemistry, or MicrobiologyAnnual Salary Range: $40,000 - $70,000environmental lawyerThe Environmental Lawyer specializes in protecting


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the natural environment through the use of treaties,conventions, statutes, and regulations. Environmentallawyers act as both advisors and legal advocates in theprotection of the environment and its natural resources.As advisors, they counsel clients on their legal rights andobligations with regard to the environment. As legaladvocates, they represent clients in environmental trialsand defend client interests.Minimum Educational Requirement: Bachelor of Lawsand the Law Society of BCs Admission Program(or equivalent)Annual Salary Range: $110,000 - $150,000+Climate Change Policy analystThe Climate Change Policy Analyst provides specializedtechnical advisory services for the development andadvancement of public policy strategies aiming tomitigate the environmental impacts of air pollutionand GHG emissions. Job duties may include research,preparing internal and external communications pieces,government lobbying, and other supporting roles.The policy analyst may work for the public, private, orNGO sectors.Minimum Educational Requirement: Bachelor of Arts inPolitical Science or Economics (or equivalent)

Annual Salary Range: $45,000 - $80,000GrEEn KnOwLEDGE & SUPPOrT Careers for a Sustainable Future / A Reference Guide to Green Jobs in BC // 27// Professional occupations in natural and appliedsciences(approx. 16% of jobs in this sector)Includes professionals from all natural and appliedscience disciplines who are involved in education,training, research, or other supportive positions that arehelping to green the economy.// Lawyers, policy and program officers(approx.11% of jobs in this sector)Lawyers involved in both environmental law and

transactions related to investment and financingfor environment-related and clean energy projects.Economists, public policy researchers, analysts, andprogram officers unique to government and involved inenvironment-related work are also in this category.// Technical occupations related to natural and appliedsciences(approx. 8% of jobs in this sector)Includes all technical occupations related to natural andapplied sciences who are involved in research and/orother supporting environment-related roles, includinginspectors and conservation and fishery officers.// Professional occupations in business and finance

(approx. 7% of jobs in this sector)Includes professional environmental consultantswho offer business services to all other sectors andindustries throughout the province and abroad.// Occupations in protective services(approx.6% of jobs in this sector)By-law enforcement and other regulatory officers,specifically involved in environment-related workincluding land, water, and air, are included in thisoccupational category.


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// Teachers and professors(approx. 5% of jobs in this sector)Includes instructors and professors at the post-secondary level specifically involved in greeneducation and trades training for environment-related occupations, including green building,renewable energy, and other green/clean technology-based training.TOp OCCupaTiOnS in ThE GrEEnKnOwLEdGE & SuppOrT SECTOr(BY 2-diGiT nOC-S COdE):GrEEn KnOwLEdGE & SuppOrTSECTOr JOB TiTLES// Smart ICT Systems Engineer// Wave Energy Research Lab Technician// Conservation Policy Analyst// Conservation Officer// Air Quality Enforcement Officer// Professor of Ecological Economics// Professor of Sustainable Urban Planning// Electrical Trades Instructor// Wind Turbine Technician Training Specialist// Environmental Consultant28 // GLOBE Foundation Careers for a SustainableFuture / A Reference Guide to Green Jobs in BC // 29

British Columbia has a diverse history and an economythat has been traditionally based on the provincesabundant natural resources. In recent years however,global economic crises, fluctuating commodity markets,and severe climate-related events have destabilizedBCs economy and have sparked a transition to a new,greener economyone that is being driven by clean andrenewable energy technologies and more sustainable,environmentally-sensitive industry and business practices.This transition is being powered by a new generationof knowledge-based workers who must be equippedwith the skills and experience to develop the productsand services demanded in a more carbon- and resource-

constrained world. The growing demand within thepublic and private sectors for experienced engineers,skilled technicians, consultants, environment-relatedprofessionals, and other qualified green workers is far frombeing satisfied in the near-term.New career opportunities in renewable energy systemsdesign and installation, energy efficiency, green building,resource and carbon management, environmentalconsulting, and investment are expected to continue togrow over the next decadejobs that are relatively high-paid and well-respected.This guide is designed to serve as an introduction to someof the existing and emerging employment opportunities

in BC and highlights green jobs within the six key sectorsthat supply the bulk of the green products and services toall industries and sectors throughout the province.It should be noted that the range of opportunities towork in the green economy continues to expand andthe ultimate size and scope of the green job market isstill unknown. If current trends continue, the number ofdirect green jobs in BC by 2020 could grow to morethan 200,000a nearly 75 percent increase over the2008 estimate.


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With continued innovation, education, and training/retraining, BCs work force can build on its existingknowledge base to incorporate the emerging skills thatwill open up doors to exciting employment opportunitiesin all industries, both new and old.6// SummaryTO FiNd OuT mORE ONBCs GREEN ECONOmy ANdEmERGiNG wORk FORCEOppORTuNiTiEs, visiTWWW.GLOBE.CANational Resources:Canadas Job Bank - Service CanadaHuman Resources and Skills Development CanadaLabour Market Information (Service Canada)National Research CouncilWorking in CanadaProvincial Resources:BC Work FuturesCareer Planning and Labour Market InformationIndustry Training and Apprenticeships in BCIndustry Training AuthorityWhats Key Opportunities, Careers, EducationWorkBCGreen Job Websites:

CanadianEnvironmental.comECO.caGreenCareersGuide.comGoodWorkCanada.caJobs.CleanEdge.comWorkCabin.caIndustry Training Organizations:Automotive Training Standards OrganizationConstruction Industry Training OrganizationHorticulture Education BCPropel Tourism, Hospitality, Foodservices TrainingResidential Construction Industry Training OrganizationResource Training Organization

Transportation Career Development AssociationSector Councils:Aboriginal Human Resources Development Council of CanadaBioTalent CanadaCanadian Agricultural Human Resource CouncilCanadian Apprenticeships ForumCanadian Automotive Repair and Service CouncilCanadian Council of Technicians and TechnologistsCanadian Supply Chain Sector CouncilCanadian Tourism Human Resource CouncilCanadian Trucking Human Resources CouncilConstruction Sector CouncilCouncil for Automotive Human Resources

Electricity Sector CouncilEnvironmental Careers Organization (ECO) CanadaForest Products Sector CouncilHuman Resource Council for the Voluntary/Non-Profit SectorInformation and Communications Technology CouncilInstallation, Maintenance and Repair Sector CouncilMining Industry Human Resource CouncilMotor Carrier Passenger Council of CanadaNational Seafood Sector CouncilWood Manufacturing Council


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Associations & Supporting Organizations:Association of BC Forest ProfessionalsAssociation of Canadian Community CollegesAssociation of Professional Engineers and Geoscientists of BCAssociation for Technology Professionals in BCBC Biodiesel AssociationBC Bioenergy NetworkBusiness Council of BCBC Chamber of CommerceBC Community Forest AssociationBC Construction Association7// Green JobResources30 // GLOBE Foundation BC Environment Industry AssociationBC Ground Water AssociationBC Innovation CouncilBC Sustainable Energy AssociationBC Technology Industry AssociationBC Water and Waste AssociationBuilding Owners and Managers Association of BCCanada Green Building CouncilCanadian Bioenergy AssociationCanadian Energy Efficiency AllianceCanadian GeoExchange Coalition

Canadian Geothermal Energy AssociationCanadian Home Builders Association of BCCanadian Hydrogen and Fuel Cell AssociationCanadian Hydropower AssociationCanadian Solar Industries AssociationCanadian Renewable Fuels AssociationCanadian Wind Energy AssociationCascadia Region Green Building CouncilClean Energy BC (formerly IPPBC)Community Energy AssociationCouncil of Forest IndustriesEconomic Development Association of BCEngineers Canada

Forest Products Association of CanadaForest Stewardship Council of CanadaFraser Basin CouncilGenome CanadaGeoExchange BCKootenay Association for Science and TechnologyKootenay Rockies Innovation CouncilLifeSciences BCLight House Sustainable Building CentreMining Association of BCNational Brownfield AssociationNorth Columbia Environmental SocietyNorthern Bioenergy Partnership

Ocean Renewable Energy GroupOkanagan Environment Industry AllianceOkanagan Science and Technology CouncilPeace Energy CooperativeRecycling Council of BCSolarBCThermal Environmental Comfort AssociationUnion for British Columbia MunicipalitiesUrban Development Institute Pacific RegionVancouver Economic Development Commission


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Vancouver Renewable Energy CooperativeVictoria Advanced Technology Council (VIATec)Water Supply Association of BCWood Pellet Association of CanadaOthers:Aboriginal EnviroCareersAsia-Pacific Gateway Skills TableBuilding Environmental Aboriginal Human ResourcesTradesTrainingBCBritish Columbias Green Economy / Securing the Work Force of Tomorrow //31For more information,please contact:GLOBE FoundationWorld Trade Centre578 999 Canada PlaceVancouver, BCCanada V6C 3E1Tel : (604) 695 5001Fax : (604) 695 5019Email : [email protected]

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