Joint ITU-T/IEEE Workshop on The Future of Ethernet Transporton The Future of Ethernet Transport

(Geneva, 28 May 2010)

Carrier Perspectives on MovingBeyond 100G

Martin CarrollNetwork & TechnologyNetwork & Technology

Verizon

Geneva, 28 May 2010

Putting it into Context

http://xxx.yyy.zzz

IP End-to-End

End to End

ROADM

OTNSONET

Ethernet or MPLS-TPEnd-to-End Reliable Connectivity

Serving • 50M wireline customers in 24 states• 10M residential broadband; 3M FiOS TV customers (available to 11.7m)

92M i l t l t 3G t kResidential Enterprise Wireless

• 92M wireless customers; largest 3G network • 672K route miles of fiber globally; first commercial 100G deployment• 200 data centers in 22 countries; IP services in 2700 cities / 159 countries• Serve 98% of the Fortune 1000 customers; #1 provider to U.S. Government

Target Architecture

Control Plane

E Line

Local NodeT1

LH-OTPP-OTP

EVDOLTE

E-LineServices Router

Interconnect

EthernetServices

Local Node

ADMBEAS

P-OTP

P-OTP

DS3 OC-3

OC-121 GbE

10 OC-48/

P-OTP LH-OTPP-OTP

MPLS-TPSwitching

10 GbE OC-192 P-OTP P-OTP

WDM

O

LH-OTP

LH-OTPT110/100

EN BWOLTxPON

LH-OTPLH-OTP

ENGbE

Video

λ

BW Services

P-OTP: Packet Optical Transport Platform (ROADM + SONET + Ethernet)LH-OTP: Long Haul Optical Transport Platform (ROADM + OTN + MPLS-TP)

λServices

Transported ServicesTime Division Multiplexing (TDM)

DS-1/DS-3 OC-3/3c OC-12/12c Integrated Optical Service

PacketServices

OC-48/48c OC-192/192c

Ethernet10M Fast Ethernet100G

g p

Fast Ethernet50Mbps, 100Mbps

Gigabit Ethernet50Mbps, 100Mbps, 150Mbps, 300Mbps, 450Mbps, 600Mbps & 1000Mb

100G

10G

1GConverges

Packet, TDM, WavelengthTechnologies

Wavelength

1000Mbps10/40 Gigabit Ethernet

Ethernet Packet Ring Service10Mbps 100Mbps

100M

10M

1M

Technologies

Services

ODU-1, ODU-2, ODU-3, ODU-4DS-1

100Mbps 1,000Mbps

Storage1Gbps & 2Gbps Fiber Channel

Digital VideoDS-3

OC

TDM Services

Digital Video270Mbps SDI 1.485Gbps HD-SDI

OC-n

100G Field Trials

Video signal displayed at Miami

-10

0

sity

(dB

)

100G10G

Video signal fed to LambdaXtreme® at Tampa -40

-30

-20

186.5 187 187.5 188 188.5 189

Frequency (THz)

Rel

ativ

e In

tens

Nortel OME 6500 with 100G cards

Dallas Field Fiber Loop

Trial equipment in Lab 400, Richardson, TXPDP

MTS SR1 AF Shelf

MIB

32M

CU

OLI

INC

OLI

INC

PU

MP

A

PU

MP

A

PU

MP

BP

UM

PC

OSC

TUI

Cable compartment2xUDCM in tray

PU

MP

BP

UM

PC

MTS SR1 AF Shelf

MIB

32M

CU

OLI

INC

OLI

INC

PU

MP

A

PU

MP

A

PU

MP

BP

UM

PC

OSC

TUI

PUM

PB

PU

MP

C

PDP

MTS SR1 AF Shelf

MIB

32M

CU

OLI

INC

OLI

INC

PU

MP

A

PU

MP

A

PU

MP

BP

UM

PC

OSC

TUI

Cable compartment2xUDCM in tray

PU

MP

BP

UM

PC

MTS SR1 AF Shelf

MIB

32M

CU

OLI

INC

OLI

INC

PU

MP

A

PU

MP

A

PU

MP

BP

UM

PC

OSC

TUI

PUM

PB

PU

MP

C

Longview, TX

Marshall, TX

50 GH M50 GH D

10G test set

10G10G

100G Tx (PM-QPSK) 100G Rx (PM-QPSK)

Bay

Cable compartment2xUDCM in tray

Bay

Cable compartment2xUDCM in tray

Laser 1X

Y

QPSK mod.

QPSK mod.

Data processing

FEC

codingXQPSK moQP

50-GHz Mux

100G Tx

Laser 1

X

Y

90o

hybrid90o

hybrid

Filter

o/e A/ D

DS

P

Laser 2X

90o

hybrid90oFil C

dec

odin

g an

d at

a re

-alig

nmen

t

o/e A/ D

o/e A/ D

SP

50-GHz Demux

100G Rx

10G10G10G

40G40G

10G10G10G10G

Data generatorLaser

50GADC/data

storageSignal

processing(off-line)

X

Laser

X0

X90

Y90

Y0Y

π/2-

-π/2 -

-hiT 7500 system

10G40G40G10G

Laser 2

Y

mod.

QSK mod.40G (CP-QPSK) transmitter

10G (OOK) transmitter

Yrid90o

hybrid

ter FE daDS

o/e A/ D

40G (CP-QPSK) receiver10G (OOK) receiver

Verizon Business long-haul site at Longview, TX

Multi-Vendor 100G Trial

10GERouter 110GE 100G

Transponder100GE 112 Gb/s

10GERouter 110GE 100G

Transponder100GE 112 Gb/s

Router2

10GETester 100GE card

100GE card

CFP TxRx

CFP TxRx

10GE card

Transponder

CFPTxRx ROADM

80-kmDallasRing

Router2

10GETester 100GE card

100GE card

CFP TxRx

CFP TxRx

10GE card

Transponder

CFPTxRx ROADM

80-kmDallasRing

VideoDisplay

Video

VideoDecoder

2 10GE card

Video

GE

g

80-kmDallasRing

VideoDisplay

Video

VideoDecoder

2 10GE card

Video

GE

g

80-kmDallasRing

VideoEncoder

Videosignal

x9

VideoEncoder

Videosignal

x9

Router: Juniper T1600 router with 100GE cardsClient I/F: Finisar LR4 industry standard 100G CFPsTransport: NEC 100G transponders and ULH DWDM systemPhysical media: 1520Km of field deployed fiber in DFW metro areaPhysical media: 1520Km of field deployed fiber in DFW metro area Traffic verification: 10GE test set and High Def encoded video test traffic

100G Deployment

100Gb/s Live Frankfurt

Frankfurt

100Gb/s LiveParis to Frankfurt

893km route

Frankfurt

Alsbach Hartwald

KarlsruheBuhl

13 spansNo Regeneration

Operational

Strasbourg

Metz

KeskastelLine Amplifier

Skipped (Glass Thru)

WSS ROADM

Operational December 2009

Adding 100Gb/s

Metz

Saint Menehould

La Veuve

Fresnesen Woevre

Skipped (Glass-Thru)

Raman Link

g /routes in 2010 Sommesous

Troyes

ParisSoucy

Montereau

100Gb/s Roll-out Underway !!

Thirst for More

Unrelenting network traffic growth pressure bandwidth increases

Higher speed data services; symmetricalCommercial/residential video, HD/3D-TV, etc.Fixed/mobile convergence; service mobilityDistributed computing; SANSRoute/service diversityWireless backhaul~ 3G, 4G explosion

Demand for bundled services and access upgrades will trigger global FTTH/B subscriptions to reach 183.9 million by 2015 [Global Industry to reach 183.9 million by 2015 [Global Industry Analysts, Inc.]Forecast 10G/40G/100G port shipments together increasing 10-fold from 2009 to 2014 [Infonetics]increasing 10-fold from 2009 to 2014 [Infonetics]Carriers will look to higher speed options

Considerations

Higher rate needed in 2015/2016 timeframe to meet traffic projectionsp jLarge customer/carrier’s carrier services place additional requirementsMajor network changes will be required to j g qsupport rates over 100G

Incompatible with existing ROADMsMaximize new rate for demand window

Line side vs. client sideSame or different rate stepDistance requirements may not be the sameWeigh implications, cost, availability timeframes

Line Side Client Side

Bandwidth Scalability

Amplifier Increasing spectral efficiency Bandwidth

O,E,S,C,L

Increasing spectral efficiency is the logical first step because it can be applied to existing line systems

S t l

, , , ,Bands

C + L Bands

Adding amplifier bandwidth seems reasonable for next generation systems assuming Spectral

Efficiency

100 GHz

C Band

PM

generation systems assuming Raman amplification is needed anyway

PM

Ch l

NRZ DPSK50 GHz

PM QPSK Reducing channel spacing

appears to be the best long term avenue for scalability

h d

PMM-QAM

25 GHz

Channel Spacing

assuming coherent detection systems

Flexible Bandwidth Gridλ λs λλ λ λ λλ

Current generation WDM systems

…10 G

b/s λ

40 G

b/s λ

100

Gb/

s

10 G

b/s λ

40 G

b/s λ

40 G

b/s λ

40 G

b/s λ

40 G

b/s WDM systems

supported 10G, 40G and now 100G in service upgrades

1569.59 1568.77 1567.95 1531.12 1530.33 λ, nm

C‐band, fixed 50 GHz grid

1569.18 1568.36 1530.72

150GH

Future systems will be expected to support in service upgrades to at

Gb/

s λ

b/s λ

Gb/

s λ

Gb/

s λ

Gb/

s λ

50GHz 50GHz 75GHz 75GHz 150GHz least 1T / channel

Given the current view, more bandwidth is the

1569.59 1568.77 1567.95 1531.12 1530.33

…

λ, nm

E l f f t C b d 50 200 GH

1569.18 1568.36 1530.72

100

1 Tb

400

100

400

more bandwidth is the only way to achieve this w/o paying a significant reach penalty due to OSNR Example of a future C‐band, 50‐200 GHz 

Flexible Grid (in 25 GHz increments)

penalty due to OSNR requirements

Flexible Layer 1 Network

A B150 GHz

Enables improved applicationsNetwork Defragmentation B d idth Adj t tBandwidth AdjustmentsNetwork Maintenance Network Restoration

C D E

100G 1T

G

50 GHz

T

Colorless/Directionless/Contentionless ROADM node with flexible gridColorless wavelength add/drop with directional routing

1001T

Colorless wavelength add/drop with directional routingChoose the bandwidth of the light path to match the service bitrateUse multiple copies of the same color wavelength on the add/drop structure

What’s Next?

1000

km)

son Optimistic

10

100di

stan

ce (P

b/s-

k

?

for c

ompa

ris

1

Tota

l cap

acity

-d

C-b

and

only

0.110 100 1000 10000

Data rate per channel (Gb/s)

T

Source: [1-10] Pessimistic

Homework for Industry

• 400Gb/s may not be the right answer…• Is 1Tb/s per channel an achievable target?• If so, what would be the best modulation format?Industry

Academia Government

If so, what would be the best modulation format?• Can DSP based coherent receivers continue to scale?• Would revisiting the ITU-T DWDM grid solve the problem?• Is spectral efficiency worth the complexity of variable width channels?

Summary

100G is a critical technology; beyond 100G will be required for transport scalability transport scalability

Flexible bandwidth grid architectures are required for upgradability

Colorless, directionless & contentionless are required for flexibility

TDM type connectivity is required for PL and EPL serviceability

d f dMPLS-TP is required for optimized router connectivity

Integration is required to improve cost and reliability

At the end of the day we need a cost effective solution that gives At the end of the day, we need a cost effective solution that gives us both scalability and backwards compatibility to some extent

Due diligence is needed ~ Think through all the implications before plotting a path to get thereThink through all the implications before plotting a path to get thereWe should not make decisions on what comes next until there is experience to be bored with 100G – or we may sell ourselves short

References1. D. G. Foursa et al, "2Tb/s (200x10Gb/s) Data Transmission over 7,300km Using

150km Spaced Repeaters Enabled by ROPA Technology," OFC/NFOEC 2007, PDP25.2. C. Laperle et al, "Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) and Polarization Mode

Dispersion (PMD) Performance of a Coherent 40Gbit/s Dual-Polarization Quadrature Ph Shif K i (DP QPSK) T i " OFC/NFOEC 2007 PDP16 Phase Shift Keying (DP-QPSK) Transceiver," OFC/NFOEC 2007, PDP16.

3. M. Salsi et al, "155x100Gbit/s coherent PDM-QPSK transmission over 7,200kmALU 100G," ECOC 2009, PD2.5.

4. H. Masuda et al, "13.5-Tb/s (135 x 111-Gb/s/ch) No-Guard-Interval Coherent OFDM Transmission over 6,248 km Using SNR Maximized Second-Order DRA in the OFDM Transmission over 6,248 km Using SNR Maximized Second Order DRA in the Extended L-Band," OFC/NFOEC 2009, PDPB5.

5. S. L. Jansen et al, "10x121.9-Gb/s PDM-OFDM Transmission with 2-b/s/Hz Spectral Efficiency over 1,000 km of SSMF," OFC/NFOEC 2008, PDP2.

6. J. P. Turkiewicz et al, "Field trial of 160 Gbit/s OTDM add/drop node in a link 275 km deployed fiber " OFC 2004 PDP1km deployed fiber," OFC 2004, PDP1.

7. P. Guan et al, "Low-Penalty 5 320 Gb/s/Single-Channel WDM DPSK Transmission Over 525 km Using Time-Domain Optical Fourier Transformation," IEEE PTL, 21(21), 1579 (2009).

8. A.I. Siahlo et al, "640 Gb/s OTDM Transmission and Demultiplexing using a NOLM with Commercially Available Highly Non-linear Fiber," CLEO 2005, CTuO1.

9. Y. Ma et al, "1-Tb/s single-channel coherent optical OFDM transmission over 600-km SSMF fiber with subwavelength bandwidth access," Opt. Express 17, 9421-9427 (2009).

10 M Nakazawa et al "1 28 Tbit/s-70 km OTDM transmission using third- and fourth-10. M. Nakazawa et al, 1.28 Tbit/s-70 km OTDM transmission using third- and fourth-order simultaneous dispersion compensation with a phase modulator," Electronics Letters, 36(24), 2027-2029 (2000).