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REGIONALSCALE
LARGE SCALE LOCAL SCALELOCAL DETAILED
SCALE
THE SITE
GEOLOGIC SETTING
GEO-HAZARD
MONITORING
MITIGATION ?
Case Study: PompeiiIadanza C.1, Guarino P.M. 1, Leoni G.1, Margottini C. 1, Spizzichino D. 1, Trigila A. 1, Osanna M.2, De Nigris B.2, Martellone A.2, Francioni E.3
- T H E S I T E -
PROTHEGO ProjectWork Package 6
Local scale investigationand advanced modeling
in selected Test Sites
-Workshop -
UNESCO World Heritage Sites of Europe affected by Geo HazardsSatellite monitoring future challenges - The PROTHEGO project contribute
UNESCO Headquarters – Paris , March 23th, 2018
http://www.prothego.eu/
1 ISPRAItalian Institute for Environmental Protection and Research Department for the Geological Survey of ItalyVia V. Brancati 60, 00144, Roma
ADVANTAGES OF PROTHEGO
METHODOLOGY
SEISMICHAZARD
LANDSLIDE HAZARD
ONE GEOLOGY
RUPTURES INVENTORY & PS DISTRIBUTION
INTERVENTION AUDIT
The research activity, carried out jointly betweenISPRA-Geological Survey of Italy and POMPEIIArchaeological Park, aims at the analysis andinterpretation of ground motion measures obtained bysatellite InSAR data, and at the evaluation of thegeomorphologic processes affecting unexcavated areas.A systematic collection of data about recent instabilityprocesses for the whole Park has been carried out inorder to produce a preliminary high resolutionmorphological map that classify types and mechanismsof phenomena since year 2005.Limits and constrains of InSAR technique applied toCultural Heritage protection and conservation havebeen considered.A dedicated geodatabase collected all spatialinformation from different sources (e.g. location,description, triggering date and causes, pictures,validation) for a total amount of 35 phenomena. Forthe interpretation of satellite monitoring data, sinceNovember 2013 until March 2016, the main target wasthe monthly reprocessing of ground motion data.
STRATIGRAPHIC INVESTIGATION
FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS
Permanent Delegation of Italyto UNESCO
POMPEII
2 Parco Archeologico di PompeiLaboratorio di Ricerche Applicate
POMPEII
HERCULANEUM
TORRE ANNUNZIATA
UNESCO WHL SITE“Archaeological Areas of Pompei,
Herculaneum and Torre Annunziata”
RUPTURES INVENTORY
PS DISTRIBUTION
GEOMORPHOLOGICAL PROCESSES
Campi FlegreiNaples
Vesuvius
Pompeii
Selection of the interferometric products
Data visualization
1. The catalogue of the instability processes was a useful tool to test how the satellite interferometry monitoring technique is able to identify pre-collapsing deformation trends for predictive purposes.
2. The results highlighted the potential of the interferometry satellite technique, above all concerning the monitoring of the roofs in the archaeological area and the effectiveness of the shoring measures on the masonry structures.
3. The detailed geomorphologic survey highlighted zones where to direct the instrumental monitoring and where to pay more attention for future excavations or for simple touristic exploitation.
1. Improvement of methods for the acquisition and processing of satellite interferometry data, even by the installation of passive corner reflector.
2. Implementation of an operational methodology for the application of InSAR data analysis for the Pompeii Archaeological Park.
3. Analysis of rainfall data and identification of possible rainfall triggering thresholds.
4. Support for the analysis of in situ measures and possible implementation and integration of the current monitoring system.
Most critical issues highlighted were:
1. the limits of reflection of the electromagnetic signalon structures with thin vertical walls;
2. the short distance between adjacent walls (causingradar shadow effect);
3. the low radar reflectivity of some areas (e.g.cultivated, vegetated and unexcavated areas);
4. the fragile rupture mechanism (almostinstantaneous) difficult to identify even by theshort revisiting time of COSMO Sky Med satellite.
In order to analyse the processed data provided byegeos company, the following activities wereimplemented:
1. back analysis on specific test sites affected byprevious instability processes both on thestructures and on the cliff;
2. semi-automatic methodology definition for theidentification of anomalies or accelerations in theground displacement velocities;
3. in situ calibration of areas with target pointsaffected by high values of displacement/velocity.
GEOLOGICAL CONTEXT
1) Recent alluvium2) Somma-Vesuvio deposits3) Phlegrean deposits4) Miocenic flysch deposits5) Mesozoic limestones6) Fault7) Thrust8) Caldera
(after: Di Vito et al., 2013)
GEOLOGY DETAIL
1) Made ground
2) Archaeological excavation
3) Pyroclastic deposits post 79AD
4) Pyroclastic deposits of 79AD
5) Foam lava (upper Pleistocene)
(after: UNISannio, 2011)
(after: Di Vito et al., 2013)
Major project Pompeii
MULTI-HAZARD ANALYSIS
(after:Vilardo et al., 2009)
3 e-geosASI / TELESPAZIO Company
Major project Pompeii
