Case Study Monastery of Jerónimos, Lisbon, Portugal...Igreja do Mosteiro dos Jerónimos Plano de Monitorização (Cortes) Legenda: Cablagem SENSORES: Clinómetro (número) Temperatura

NEW INTEGRATED KNOWLEDGE BASED APPROACHES TO THE PROTECTION

OF CULTURAL HERITAGE FROM EARTHQUAKE INDUCED RISK FP7-ENV-2009-1

COORDINATOR:

NIKER Workshop, Israel, December 16-17, 2012

Case Study

Monastery of Jerónimos,

Lisbon, Portugal

Paulo B. Lourenço

Universidade do Minho

Department of Civil Engineering

Guimarães, Portugal

http://www.civil.ntua.gr/index.php

http://www.bath.ac.uk/

http://www.gazi.edu.tr/

http://www.antiquities.org.il/home_eng.asp

Institute for Sustainability and Innovation in Structural Engineering

2 | Seismic safety assessment of the church of monastery of Jeronimos, Lisbon, Portugal Paulo B. Lourenço



The crown asset of

Portuguese heritage

buildings

Construction from 1499

Built with limestone

Considerable dimensions

in plan, more than 300

50 m2, and an average

height of 20 m (50 m in

the towers)

Evolves around two

courts. The larger court

is bordered by a long

arcade of two levels that

hosts the Ethnographic

Museum of Archaeology

and the Maritime

Museum. The smaller

court or the Cloister is

bordered by the Church,

the Sacristy, the Chapter

Room, the Refectory

Description



Gathered data

Local Seismicity



5

Views

3 4 6

5

5

1

2

Cross

-section

Church



Tiles removal for visual inspection

Wallets for supporting tiles (20th century)

Radar inspection

Ribs visual inspection

In situ investigation



Plan of the nave

Nave cross-sections

Longitudinal cross-section

Transept cross-section

In situ geometrical survey



Tilting of the columns and GPR of the columns



Modal Identification of the Church



Mode I



Mode II



Measure deformations and temperature variations of two columns

in the main nave

The system is focused on the columns structural observation,

because they are the best measure of the nave structural behavior

TS4

TS3

TS2

TS1

D

TS6

TS5

C2

C1

TS4 Instituto Português do

Património Arquitectónico

Direcção Regional de Lisboa

Escalas: 1/200 Data: Julho 2004

Processo: 04-DEC/E-?

Desenhou:

Requerente:

Ficheiro: Plano_Monitorizacao.dwg

Departamento de Engenharia Civil

Campus de Azurém

4800-058 Guimarães

Verificou:

Descrição: Desenho:

Nº03

- Todas as cotas devem ser confirmadas no local

Notas:

Igreja do Mosteiro dos Jerónimos

Plano de Monitorização

(Cortes)

Legenda:

Cablagem

SENSORES:

Clinómetro (número)

Temperatura na superfície (número)

Sistema de aquisição e armazenamento

de dados

Cn

TSn

D

TS1TS3

C2 C1

TS4 TS2

Static Monitoring System (I)



North Tiltmeter vs Temperature

-0.3

-0.2

-0.1

0.0

0.1

0.2

0.3

5.0

10

.0

15

.0

20

.0

25

.0

30

.0

35

.0

Temperature [ºC]

Rota

tio

n [

mm

/m]

North Tiltmeter

(Daily Moving Average)

-0.3

-0.2

-0.1

0.0

0.1

0.2

0.3

Sep

-05

Oct

-05

No

v-0

5

Dec

-05

Jan-0

6

Feb

-06

Mar

-06

Ap

r-0

6

May

-06

Jun

-06

Jul-

06

Au

g-0

6

Sep

-06

Oct

-06

No

v-0

6

Dec

-06

Jan-0

7

Feb

-07

Mar

-07

Ap

r-0

7

May

-07

Jun

-07

Date

Rota

tio

n [

mm

/m]

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

Tem

per

atu

re [

ºC]

North Tiltmeter

Temperature

Static Monitoring System (II)

Date



Accelerations measurements in two points: in the base and in the

main nave

Due to the different technical characteristics and sampling rates

data acquisitions, the dynamic monitoring system is physically

separated from the static one.


Notas:

Legenda:

Cablagem

SENSORES:



Acelerómetro (número)


de dados

Cn

TSn

D

An

A1A2

10 m 20 m0 m


Notas:

Legenda:

Cablagem

SENSORES:



Acelerómetro (número)


de dados

Cn

TSn

D

AnA1

Dynamic Monitoring System (I)



1st Frequency versus Temperature

3.5

3.6

3.7

3.8

3.9

4.0

4.1

4.2

5 10 15 20 25 30 35Temperature [ºC]

Fre

qu

ency

[H

z]

EstimatedModel98% CISeries4

Confidence Intevals

3.5

3.6

3.7

3.8

3.9

4.0

4.1

4.2

Feb

-05

Ap

r-0

5

Jun

-05

Au

g-0

5

Oct

-05

Dec

-05

Feb

-06

Ap

r-0

6

Jun

-06

Au

g-0

6

Oct

-06

Dec

-06

Feb

-07

Ap

r-0

7

Date

Fre

qu

ency

[H

z]EstimatedModel98% CIUpper CI

Dynamic Monitoring System (II)

Date



1

6 Full model with 135.000 dof

Modal superposition

Non-linear with equivalent

static loading

Load-displacement diagram

Nó 21747 Torre

0.43

0.87

1.34

2.48

3.48

4.71

11.36

25.49

22.60

16.11

0.0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1.0

1.1

1.2

1.3

0.00 5.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00 30.00

Deslocamento z (cm)

Fa

cto

r d

e C

arg

a

Deformed mesh

Details

Full Building Analysis



1

7

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

0.00 0.10 0.20 0.30

Vertical displacement (m)

Lo

ad F

acto

r

Column

Vault key

Load displacement diagram

Incremental deformed mesh

Non-linear Analysis:

Loading = Self-weight

ft = 0

fc, masonry = 6 N/mm2

fc, infill = 1 N/mm2

Nave Analysis



1

8

Load-displacement diagram Incremental deformed mesh

Max.

principal

strains

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3

Vertical displacement (m)

Load F

acto

r

Min.

principal

stresses

Transept Analysis



Laboratory Testing

Stone and masonry testing



2

0

3D beam element model

Calibration of the model – Dynamic identification

Model for Dynamic Analysis



Seismic action vs. horizontal

displacement envelop for different nodes

Example of column response in

dynamic analysis

Example of collapse mechanism

Results



Vertical reaction in the columns

General view of the failure

mechanism

Failure mode for the church

5000 yrp earthquake

Rz nos pilares do pórtico central (5000_R2)

-4500

-4000

-3500

-3000

-2500

-2000

-1500

-1000

-500

0

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22

tempo (s)

Rz

[kN

]

Norte (nó 3633)

Sul (nó 3651)



Vertical loading

North façade South façade

Virtual Collapse

Mechanisms



2

4

Possible Strengthening Measures

1: Pre-stress the columns

2: Load transfer

3: Increase column strength

Case Study

Monastery of

Jerónimos,

Lisbon, Portugal

Paulo B. Lourenço

[email protected]

www.civil.uminho.pt/masonry

Documents

Case Study Monastery of Jerónimos, Lisbon, Portugal...Igreja do Mosteiro dos Jerónimos Plano de Monitorização (Cortes) Legenda: Cablagem SENSORES: Clinómetro (número) Temperatura