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ToTToTfor Strengthening capacity of Smll holder for Strengthening capacity of Smll holder

ASEAN aquaculture farmers for competitive ASEAN aquaculture farmers for competitive and Sustainable Aquaculture and Sustainable Aquaculture

Case studyCase study:: Channa Channa stratia practice stratia practice in Cambodia in Cambodia

Department of Aquaculture Department of Aquaculture D l Fi h iD l Fi h i

Pich SereywathPich SereywathOuch LangOuch LangNeang SavuthdyNeang SavuthdyChea PhalaChea Phala

Development , Fisheries Development , Fisheries AdministrationAdministration

33--77thth August August 20092009NACA Building NACA Building

Introduction•Agriculture is the major occupation for about 85% of the population • Rice & Fish are the basic diets of the Cambodian people

• Fish is the most important source of animal protein for Cambodian people, (avg. 85.1 % of animal protein); 52.4 kg/person/year

• Emploiment opportunity • 1.4 Million = Full time fishermen • 6 Million = relevant activities to fisheries and aquaculture

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•• Inland production: No. Inland production: No. 4 4 after China, India and Bangladeshafter China, India and Bangladesh

•• Production = Production = 300300, , 000 000 –– 400400, , 000 000 tons tons

Fisheries Background Fisheries Background

•• With Value = With Value = 250 250 –– 300 300 Million USDMillion USD

•• To GDP = To GDP = 8 8 --12 12 % %

•• Aquaculture Production = Aquaculture Production = 3535,,260260, excluded Seaweed, excluded Seaweed

Mainly Inland Aquaculture, Mainly Inland Aquaculture, 6060--90 90 % from Cage % from Cage

InlandInland aquaculture production, representingaquaculture production, representing 6060--7070% of aquaculture% of aquacultureInland Inland aquaculture production, representing aquaculture production, representing 6060 7070% of aquaculture % of aquaculture production over the past two decadesproduction over the past two decades

Before Before 2005 2005 Channa spp. Is a major culture Channa spp. Is a major culture

Species in Cage Species in Cage

Common native freshwater cultured speciesScientific name Culture

MethodSource of seed Production

volume

1. Pangasianodon hypophthalmus FC, P HS, WS high

2. Pangasius bocouti FC WS high

3. Pangasius larnaudiei FC WS low

4. Pangasius conchophilus FC WS low

5. Channa micropeltes FC WS high

6. C. striatus FC WS high

7. Barbonymus gonionotus FC, P, RF HS, WS high

8. Leptobarbus hoeveni FC, P HS, WS Mediump9. Mystus wyckiode FC WS low

10. Oxyeleotris marmoratus FC, P WS low

11. Trichogaster pectroralis P, RF HS, WS low

12. Barbonymus altus P, RF HS, WS low

Note: P: pond; FC: floating cage; RF: rice field; WS: Wild seed; HS: Hatchery seed

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Giant snakehead Channa micropeltes

Snakehead Channa striata

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Snakehead fish culture operation was banned inoperation was banned in 2005, because of concerns over natural collection of seeds and use of small-szied/LV fish as feed

Why ChannaWhy ChannaWhy Channa Why Channa stratia suggested stratia suggested

??? ?

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Background of Channa spp.

• Preferable Species in all level- fresh form- processed form

• High value Species• Banning Species

Constrains due to the ban: Management

• Ineffectiveness , in terms of management

• Thousands of Farmers meet the problem in terms of income generation

• Illegality in fisheries to collect small –size and low value species during close season are occuring

• Illegally imported ---cost increasing

• Still cultivation in hired condition

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• High demand at the Market• Farmers is facing plenty of matters

- Fear in their activity due to the ban- Others

Constrains: People (…on…)

- Others• Lack of technical support• Lack of proper deal at the moment • Economic lost• High cost for consumer, unlike before

--- Poor rural people do not have enough fish for their consumption---event available, but cost is high for them

Challenge:• Willing to allow to culture

But, the Need to prove:

1. How to reduce the use of small size and low value fish

2. Appropriate technology for farmer

• To propose to the govt. to release the ban andTo propose to the govt. to release the ban and to realise the fact friendly implementing at the ground level.

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EFFORTs:• Fisheries Administration

– Cooperation with CP

• Seed

• Feed

• Technical input to farmers

• Market

Management Book:Management Book:

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EFFORTs:• Fisheries Administration

– FiA-NACA

• Review existing technology

• Seeking Indigenous technology

• Developing technical mannual

• Extension

• Source of evident to the govt• Source of evident to the govt.

RESULTs:• Snake head in Pond

• Snake head in Cage

– Case study in Siem Reap

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Problems:

• No legality• Technical supportpp• Fanancial issues • Disease• inputs

Treatment and- Treatment and - prevention

•In-breeding issue

Opportunity:

• Good environment

I di k h• Indigenous know-how and skill, in place

• Market

• Souce of feed composition

• Be formed to farmer group

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Direction to be taken

• Draft technical mannual,and • other relevant process• Print out• Training ativities• Develop effective tools and widely extension • Propose for legality .• Domesticate indigenous species.

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Try to do sth in Try to do sth in simply way, but simply way, but

we are not a we are not a simpler simpler

Thank Thank you you very very

much ! much !