Cased Hole Logging Technology · 2014. 11. 24. · Open Hole Logging Cased Hole Logging Washout Mudcake Cement Casing ... Radial Analysis Bond Log™ (RAL™) service, and Acoustic

Cased Hole Logging Technology

Self Study Guide

Credits and Copyright

Credits:

Subject Matter Expert............................................. Humberto Bolanos

Subject Matter Expert......................................................... Issam Ouali

Subject Matter Expert.................................................. Marlon Figeland

Technical Reviewer.................................................... Craig Broussard

Instructional Design Project Manager............................ Donna Weaver

Instructional Design Project Manager................... Simmi Mulchandani

Copyright notices:This information is confidential and is the property of Baker HughesIncorporated. Do not use, disclose, or reproduce without the priorwritten permission from Baker Hughes. If this document is printed,ensure that it is kept secure and only shared with Baker Hughesemployees.

Copyright Date:© 2014 Baker Hughes Incorporated

Self Study Guide

Table of ContentsPage

Course Overview......................................................................................................viiWelcome................................................................................................................viiCompleting This Course........................................................................................viiCourse Goals and Audience..................................................................................viiCourse Modules.................................................................................................... viiCourse Objectives................................................................................................ viiiModule Review Questions....................................................................................viii

Cased Hole Logging Technology Overview...............................................................9Overview...............................................................................................................10

What is Cased Hole Logging?........................................................................... 10Cased Hole Instruments Used by Baker Hughes.............................................. 12

Features and Benefits...........................................................................................17Production Logging............................................................................................17Cement and Casing Evaluation......................................................................... 18Pipe Recovery....................................................................................................19Perforation......................................................................................................... 23Deliverables....................................................................................................... 24

Module Review Questions.................................................................................... 27Downhole Instruments Overview............................................................................. 29

Common Tools......................................................................................................30Gamma Ray.......................................................................................................30Casing Collar Locators (CCL) 2300...................................................................32

Cement Evaluation Tools......................................................................................341633EA Acoustic Electronics.............................................................................34Segmented Bond Tool Variable Density Log.....................................................35

Module Review Questions.................................................................................... 38Appendices.............................................................................................................. 39

Course Summary..................................................................................................39Module Review Answer Key................................................................................. 41

Self Study Guide

Cased Hole Logging Technologyvi

Course Overview

WelcomeWelcome to the Cased Hole Logging Technology Self-Study Guide.

At Baker Hughes, learning is identified as one of our core values. We believe alearning environment is the way to achieve the full potential of each individual andthe company.

Thank you for your commitment to continued learning that both increases your ownindividual potential and enables Baker Hughes to continue "Advancing ReservoirPerformance." Everyone who has contributed to this course applauds yourparticipation in this learning event and we hope that it contributes to your futuresuccess.

Completing This Course

Course Completion Requirements

To complete this course, you must score at least 80% on the related online quiz.

After reading and working through this self-study guide, return to the course inAchieve to take the quiz.

Course Goals and AudienceGoal:

Learners will be able to explain the general concepts and processes ofwireline cased hole technology used at Baker Hughes.

Audience:

New Wireline AMO personnel responsible for maintaining the wireline fleetof downhole instruments and surface panels.

Course ModulesThis course consists of the following modules.

1. Cased Hole Logging Overview

2. Downhole Instruments Overview

Self Study Guide

Cased Hole Logging Technologyvii

Course ObjectivesAt the completion of this course, participants will be able to:

Distinguish Cased Hole Logging Technology including its purpose, benefits, anddeliverables.

Determine the functions of downhole tools used during cased hole logging witha surface acquisition system.

Module Review QuestionsModule review questions are provided for each module in this course. The answerscan be found at the back of this Self-Study Guide in the Appendices section.

Course Overview

Cased Hole Logging Technologyviii

Module 1Cased Hole Logging Technology Overview

Upon completion of this module, participants will be able to:

Identify what Cased Hole Logging is and categorize commonly usedinstruments.

Identify the features and benefits of using Cased Hole Logging Technology.

Lessons1. Overview2. Features and Benefits

Self Study Guide

Cased Hole Logging Technology9

Lesson 1Overview

Lesson OverviewThis lesson consists of the following topics:

What is Cased Hole Logging?

Cased Hole Instrument Overview

Before understanding cased hole logging technology, it is important to first knowabout open hole logging technology. Open hole logging refers to logging operationsdone before the well has been cased and cemented. This logging method isnormally done while drilling a hole (Drilling Services) or after the well has beendrilled (Wireline Services). Measurements are taken from the bare rock formationand logs are provided to the client for evaluation.

What is Cased Hole Logging?Open Hole Logging Cased Hole Logging

Washout

Mudcake

Cement

Casing

Comparison of Open and Cased Hole Logging

Cased hole logging refers to logging measurements taken through well casing,which is inserted into the well during the completions operations. Therefore, it isunderstandable that cased hole logging is sometimes called "completions".

The measurements used from cased hole logging help customers obtain additionalinformation about the reservoir. This additional information can be used to evaluate

1 Cased Hole Logging Technology Overview


the formation and completion of the well, as well as determine the quality of thecement used in the well. After obtaining this additional information from cased holelogging, the customer can make the determination whether to plug and abandonthe well, or continue with production.

During completions, a well isnormally drilled past the section ofinterest to the customer, and thencasing is run to separate theformation from the wellbore. Afterthis, guns filled with explosivecharges are used to blow holesinto the casing at points of interestto the clients. This is known asperforation.

A surface acquisition system isrequired on every wireline job. Thesystem is used to controldownhole equipment, and producea log and other deliverables to beprovided to the Baker Hughescustomer. It can also troubleshoot problems with downhole and surface equipment,if required.

Baker HughesTool

Cement

Formation

Casing

Cased Hole Logging Cross Section

Self Study Guide


Cased Hole Instruments Used by Baker Hughes

Production Logging

Section of Array Production Log

Production logging services are necessary for a full evaluation of static anddynamic conditions of the reservoir.

Baker Hughes uses various types of tools in production logging:

Reservoir Performance Monitor

8281EA (Electronics)

8283PA (Detector Section)

8281FA (Generator Electronics)

Sondex (Third party)

2800 Series (Temperature, Fluid Density, Fluid Capacitance, SpinnerFlowmeter, etc.)



Cement and Casing EvaluationCement evaluation tools are used to find and define channels in the cementannulus, which could result in a poor hydraulic seal. They provide a good indicationof quality of the cement bond around the casing.

Some of the tools Baker Hughes uses in cement and casing evaluation:

Segmented Bond Tool (SBT)


1424XA (Mandrel)

1424PA Variable Density Log (VDL)

Radial Bond Log (RAL)

1426XA

Casing corrosion evaluation tools provide an accurate and repeatable estimate ofthe degree of corrosion in common oil field tubing.Some of the tools used by Baker Hughes in casing evaluation:

High Resolution Vertilog (HRVRT)

4993 EA Electronics Flask Assembly

4994/95/97 (Different sizes mandrels for various casing sizes)

Self Study Guide


Pipe Recovery

Operator with MPC

Pipes can become stuck during drilling and workover operations even whenpreventive measures have been taken. When a problem occurs, special tools andexpertise are required to avoid expensive, time-consuming, trial-and-error fishingoperations.

Some of the tools Baker Hughes uses in pipe recovery:

Free Point Indicator

2534XA

Mechanical Pipe Cutter (MPC)


2570MA (2 1/8 in. Mandrel)

2571MA (3 1/4 in. Mandrel)



Perforation

Perforation Attributes

Oil well perforating refers to a hole or series of holes punched in the casing or linerthroughout the cemented zone all the way into the formation, in order to connectthe reservoir and the well.

Some of the tools Baker Hughes uses in perforation:

Perf Scintillation Gamma Ray (aka Perforation Formation Correlation - PFC)

0735XA

0736XA

Perforation Guns

E-Guns (Various carrier sizes)

Lesson SummaryYou have now completed Overview, which consisted of the following topics:

What is Cased Hole Logging?

Cased Hole Instrument Overview

Self Study Guide




Lesson 2Features and Benefits

Features and BenefitsThis lesson consists of the following topics:

Production Logging

Cement and Casing Evaluation

Pipe Recovery

Perforation

Deliverables

Production LoggingProduction logging services are used to efficiently and accurately evaluate thewell’s performance. They diagnose and verify possible problems in reservoirperformance. Real-time, depth-correlated production data, including flow rates,pressures, and gas/oil/water ratios, provide input for pressure transient1 and nodal2well test analysis and reservoir simulation. Using these key production parameters,it is possible to evaluate drilling and production operations at the wellsite anddiagnose potential problems such as water or gas breakthrough, crossflow of thiefzones, and channeling. This, in turn, reduces downtime.

Production Logging measurements are normally combined with cased holereservoir evaluation services, such as the pulsed neutron Reservoir PerformanceMonitor (RPM)3. This combination normally gives saturation and production loggingdata for a complete well performance evaluation.

1 Pressure Transient Test - An analysis of well flow, using a test that shuts the well in,following a flow period and measures the rate or pressure build-up.

2 Nodal Analysis - 1) The system analysis for determination of fluid production rate andpressure at a specified node is called NODAL analysis in petroleum engineering. 2) Apressure drop vs. flow study, using a computer program that compares flowperformance at various "nodes" along the flow path.

3 Reservoir Performance Monitor™ (RPM™) - Pulsed neutron services differentiatebetween water- and hydrocarbon-bearing formations to identify bypassed or partiallydrained areas of the reservoir. Pulsed neutron analysis can also estimate formationproperties (porosity, shale volume) and hydrocarbon type necessary to develop anoptimal perforating and completion program.

Self Study Guide



External

Internal Hole

Cement Casing Inspection

A good cement job is critical for the long term viability of a well. Cement provideswellbore stability and zonal isolation for the reservoir. A poor cement job can leadto fluid movement behind casing, which may lead to reduced production. Cementevaluation tools measure the bond between the casing and the cement placedbetween the casing and the wellbore. These tools use ultrasonic measurements bya signal transmitted from the tool and propagated through, along the casing, anddetected by the tools receiver.

The same importance is given to casing inspection. Pipe string failure caused bycorrosion or mechanical defects can occur at anytime in the life of a well.Therefore, regular inspection of the production tubing and casing must beimplemented.

Cement and casing evaluation logs provide results to confirm zonal isolation4 andhelp the customer decide whether remedial work is required before anycompletions are attempted. Baker Hughes Segmented Bond Tool™ (SBT™)service, Radial Analysis Bond Log™ (RAL™) service, and Acoustic Cement BondLog™ (CBL™) service provide detailed evaluations of the cement bond to casingand formation in a wide variety of pipe sizes and borehole fluid environments. Theyuse ultrasonic measurements to measure the cement bond integrity in six angularsegments around the casing. These six angular measurements produce a 360°view of the cement bond. These evaluations reduce uncertainties regarding thequality of the hydraulic isolation5 of zones of interest, allowing more efficientcompletion operations while protecting the environment. Casing corrosion

4 Zonal Isolation - The exclusion of fluids such as water or gas in one zone from mixingwith oil in another zone. Successful zonal isolation involves the creation of a hydraulicbarrier between the casing and the cement and between the cement and the formation.

5 Hydraulic Isolation - Partial isolation, without using a direct seal between the deviceand the flow path. Efficiency depends on fluid viscosity, clearance, and flow rate.



evaluation tools as High Resolution Vertilog (HRVRT), provide an accurate andrepeatable estimate of the degree of corrosion in common oil field tubing.

Pipe Recovery

OverviewWhen pipes get stuck, the situation needs to be resolved quickly, because this canbe very costly for the rig. Pipe recovery is normally the process by which thelocation of the stuck pipe is identified, and the free pipe is separated from the stuckpipe.Some of the reasons pipes get stuck are:

Keyseat

A small-diameter channel worn into the side of a larger diameter wellbore.This can be the result of a sharp change in direction of the wellbore (adogleg), or if a hard formation ledge is left between softer formations thatenlarge over time. In either case, the diameter of the channel is typicallysimilar to the diameter of the drill pipe. When larger diameter drilling toolssuch as tool joints, drill collars, stabilizers, and bits are pulled into thechannel, their larger diameters will not pass and these tools may becomestuck in the keyseat. Preventive measures include keeping any turns in thewellbore gradual and smooth. The remedy to keyseating involves enlargingthe worn channel so that the larger diameter tools will fit through it.

Dogleg in well

Pipe stuck in keyseat

Should be inthe wellbore

Deviated path

Pipe Stuck in Keyseat

Casing collapse

Self Study Guide


If external pressure exceeds internal pressure in the wellbore, the casing issubjected to collapse. Such conditions may exist during cementingoperations, trapped fluid expansion, or well evacuation.

Stuck pipe

Collapsedcasing

Differential Sticking

A situation in which the drilling assembly (pipe, drill collars and bottom holeassembly) is stuck in filter cake6 that was previously deposited on apermeable zone. The pipe is held in the cake by a difference in pressuresbetween the hydrostatic pressure of the mud and the pore pressure in thepermeable zone.

6 Filter Cake - The residue deposited on a permeable medium when a slurry, such as adrilling fluid, is forced against the medium under a pressure.



Pipe Recovery Operations

Reverse torque applied from thesurface

Percussion used to loosenjoints

Pipe Recovery - Backing Off

There are usually three stages involved during the pipe recovery operation: free-point determination, pipe separation, and fishing.

The location where the pipe is free isdetermined with the Free Point Indicator(FPI) System.

Either the pipe is backed off from the pointwhere it is free... OR

the pipe has to be separated by cutting it.

The separated pipe is fished until the freepipe is removed.

After removal of the free pipe, the rig tries tofish the rest of the pipe.

These steps maybe repeatedseveral times untilall of the pipe ispulled out of thewell.

If all attempts and methods to free the stuckpipe fail, the hole is plugged andsidetracked, or plugged and abandoned.

Self Study Guide


Free point and back off jobs are often called in with little or no notice,therefore it is imperative that all equipment always be maintained andin a ‘ready-to-go’ state.

Baker Hughes Pipe Cutters

Mechanical Pipe Cutter (MPC) Chemical Pipe CutterThis tool reduces the logistical and environmentalconstraints. It delivers precise downhole pipecutting without ballistics or hazardous chemicals,reducing non-productive time (NPT), risk, andintervention costs.

This tool can also be used to cut the stuck pipe. Itoperates by ejecting highly pressurizedchemicals from ports in the tool, against theformation. These chemicals are very hazardous.



PerforationThe purpose of perforation is to create a channel between the pay zone and thewell bore, thus causing the oil or gas to flow to the wellbore easily. In simple terms,perforation is when holes are put in the casing or pipe to connect the reservoir withthe well. Normally, the well will be drilled passed the point of interest, and thencasing and cement will be set to separate the wellbore and formation. After this,perforation guns loaded with explosive charges will be used to shoot holes in thecasing and cement to cause the reservoir to start producing.

Casing

CementPerforating Tunnel

Formation/Reservoir

Wireline (E-Guns) is the usual method used to run perforation guns. Electricalsignals from the surface are used to fire the guns. The explosive devices used inthe perforation guns are shaped charges or bullets, which create a series of holes,that will allow the formation fluids to flow into the well for production. Additionally,perforating is the portal through which the reservoir is stimulated, produced from, orinjected into, and is a critical step in the completion process.

PortedHollowCarrier

ExpendableHollowCarrier

Through-tubing

ExpendableHollowCarrier

ExpendableBar Carrier

Different Types of Perforation Guns

Self Study Guide


Because electrical signals are used from the surface to fire the guns,caution should be taken with loaded guns, to prevent accidentaldetonation of the charges from stray electrical current.

DeliverablesThe deliverables from cased hole logging are data logs, which are provided to thecustomers. The list below describes the data logs provided:

Thermal direct print paper (bimodal or grayscale) from the ECLIPS plotter

Electronic data storage in the form of:

DAT tape

Writable CD or DVD

Remote Log Display System (RLDS) data transmission - through enabled LiveWire (for geologists)

Deliverable Data Log

Lesson SummaryYou have now completed Features and Benefits, which consisted of the followingtopics:

Production Logging


Pipe Recovery

Perforation

Deliverables



Self Study Guide


Module SummaryYou have now completed Cased Hole Logging Overview, which consisted of thefollowing lessons:

Overview

Features and Benefits

Having completed this module, you should be able to:

Identify what Cased Hole Logging is and categorize commonly usedinstruments.

Identify the features and benefits of using Cased Hole Logging Technology.



Module Review Questions1. What is cased hole logging?

a. Logging operations done before the well has been cased andcemented

b. Logging measurements taken through well casing, which is insertedinto the well during the completions operations

c. Logging measurements done while the well is being cementedd. None of these choices

2. Categorize the commonly used instruments.

RPM = Reservoir Performance MonitorSBT = Segmented Bond Tool

RPM* Sondex SBT* RadialBond Log

1426XA



1424XA (Mandrel)

2800 Series (Temperature,Fluid Density, FluidCapacitance, SpinnerFlowmeter,etc.)8281FA (GeneratorElectronics)

3. Match the service to its feature.

A. Pipe Recovery used to create a channel between the payzone and the well bore, thus causing theoil or gas to flow to the wellbore easily

B. Cement andCasing Evaluation

provide results to confirm zonal isolationand help the customer decide whetherremedial work is required before anycompletions are attempted

C. ProductionLogging

the process by which the location of thestuck pipe is identified, and the free pipeis separated from the stuck pipe

D. Perforation used to efficiently and accurately evaluatethe well’s performance

Self Study Guide




Module 2Downhole Instruments Overview

Upon completion of this module, participants will be able to:

Identify the functions of common tools used during cased hole logging with asurface acquisition system.

Identify the functions of common tools used in cement evaluation during casedhole logging with a surface acquisition system.

Lessons1. Common Tools2. Cement Evaluation Tools

Self Study Guide


Lesson 1Common Tools


Gamma Ray

Casing Collar Locators (CCL) 2300

Gamma Ray

Radiation

Radiation is energy in transit in the form of high speed particles andelectromagnetic waves. They make up our visible light, radio and television waves,ultra violet (UV), and microwaves with a large spectrum of energies. Theseexamples of electromagnetic waves do not cause ionizations of atoms becausethey do not carry enough energy to separate molecules or remove electrons fromatoms.

The electromagnetic (EM) spectrum is the full range of frequencies.

Low frequency, Longwavelength, Lowquantum energy

High frequency, Shortwavelength, Highquantum energy

AMradio

Shortwaveradio

TV, FMradio

Microwaveradar

Millimeterwaves,

TelemetryInfrared Visible

lightUltraviolet

X-rays, GammaRays

Visible Light

Electromagnetic (EM) Spectrum

2 Downhole Instruments Overview


Gamma Rays have the following properties:

Have long range ionization- this means more space is needed between aperson and gamma rays

Gamma rays are dangerous in high quantities

Penetrative - this means they are difficult to stop

No mass

No charge

High speed

It is impossible to directly measure gamma rays. Therefore, detectors are used totranslate gamma rays into electrical pulses. Baker Hughes tools usually usescintillation detectors, which include a crystal that converts the gamma rays to lightand a Photo Multiplier Tube (PMT) that converts the light to an electrical pulse.Gamma Ray Log Applications

The gamma ray sensor measures the natural radioactivity of well formations. Themain use of the gamma ray instrument in cased holes is to adjust the depth of thetool string in relation to the depth of the formation being logged. This is commonlyknown as depth correlation.

Also, the gamma ray logs are effective in distinguishing permeable zones. This isdone by virtue of the fact that the radioactive elements tend to be concentrated inthe shales, which are impermeable. Additionally, the radioactive elements are muchless concentrated in carbonates and sands, which are generally permeable.

Circuitry

Most of the gamma ray tools used in cased hole share almost the same principlefor their circuitry, the most basic elements are:

Detector (Crystal + PM tube)

Low voltage power supply

High voltage power supply

Pre-Amplification circuit

Pulse shaping circuit

To surfacePulse

shaping Pre-amp PMT Crystal

Low voltage PSUHV PSU

Gamma Ray Block Diagram

Self Study Guide


Casing Collar Locators (CCL) 2300A Casing Collar Locator (CCL) is based upon the principle that a changingmagnetic flux within a coil generates a voltage across the terminals of that coil. Themagnetic field of a CCL magnet is affected by any magnetically susceptiblematerial close to it such as the casing in a borehole. A collar or joint in the casingchanges the magnetic flux field including the flux passing through the coil endsadjacent to the magnet or magnets. Thus an electric voltage is generated in theCCL by the discontinuity (collar or joint) in the casing.

CCL Application

The main function of the CCL is to detect casing collars, which is used to correlatedepth when running cased hole operations.

CCLs are also used to verify perforations in a well by passing a CCL through asection of tubing that has been perforated. As the CCL passes a section that isperforated, spikes appear in the log indicating perforations. However, if there are noperforations the log will have a flat line indicating a good casing.

CCL Types

There are two basic types of CCL in production by Baker Hughes:

The unpowered two-magnet, one-coil type whose signal is transmitted to thesurface panel without processing.

The powered type whose signal is processed downhole and then transmitted tothe surface panel.

Lesson SummaryYou have now completed Common Tools, which consisted of the following topics:

Gamma Ray

Casing Collar Locators (CCL) 2300



Self Study Guide


Lesson 2Cement Evaluation Tools


1633EA Acoustic Electronics

Segmented Bond Tool Variable Density Log

1633EA Acoustic ElectronicsThe 1633EA Acoustic Electronics Cartridge is a single-conductor electronicscartridge responsible for the data acquisition, downhole analysis, and telemetryinterface for the 1421XA Micro Cement Bond Logging (CBL) or the 1424XASegmented Bond Tool.

The 3504 communications protocol specifications govern the telemetry interfacewith the surface system. The 1633EA cartridge is attached to the top of the SBT orMicro CBL acoustic mandrel, and controls and receives signals from the mandrel.Acquired data from the 1633EA is sent to the surface at a rate of 20.8 kbits/s.Acquisition tables dictate the way in which the data is acquired for a given requestfrom the surface system.

Acoustic data is acquired simultaneously from two receivers. This is accomplishedby the two-channel 8-bit A/D card under the control of the CPU card, both of whichare located in the flasked electronics section of the 1633EA cartridge.During an acquisition sequence, the acoustic mandrel is configured to select atransmitter, two receivers, and gains based on the acquisition table. Control of themandrel is accomplished through a serial communication link.



Segmented Bond Tool Variable Density LogThe 1424 Segmented Bond Tool (SBT), used with the 1633EA AcousticElectronics, is a unique cement bond logging tool. The SBT can find and definechannels in the cement annulus, which could result in a poor hydraulic seal.Conversely, the SBT can reliably find zones of uniform bonding over only a few feetof casing. Under conditions where a short bonded interval produces an adequatehydraulic seal, unnecessary squeeze jobs can be avoided.

The SBT quantitatively measures the quality of the cement bond in six angularsegments around the casing. The tool utilizes acoustic transducers mounted on sixpads to make compensated acoustic attenuation measurements which are notaffected by mud weight, gas cut, fast formation effects, casing surface conditions,or moderate tool decentralization.

1424XB Segmented Bond Tool

Tool Configuration

The attenuation of sound along the casing has long been used as a reliableindication of cement-to-casing bond. The SBT utilizes sonic transducers mountedon six pads to make a compensated measurement of the bond condition in sixazimuthal segments around the casing. Because the transducers are mounted onpads, the measurement is unaffected by gas in the borehole, fast formations, orheavy mud conditions. Exact centering is not required.

A separate unit provides a "steered-beam" VDL. Two transmitters, one firedimmediately after the other, enhance the amount of energy available (in thedirection of the receiver) to produce a better definition of pipe-to-cement andcement-to-formation interface. Hence, interpretation of the VDL is easier.

Lesson SummaryYou have now completed Cement Evaluation Tools, which consisted of thefollowing topics:

1633EA Acoustic Electronics

Segmented Bond Tool Variable Density Log

Self Study Guide




Module SummaryYou have now completed Downhole Instruments Overview, which consisted of thefollowing lessons:

Common Tools

Cement Evaluation Tools

Having completed this module, you should be able to:

Identify the functions of common tools used during cased hole logging with asurface acquisition system.

Identify the functions of common tools used in cement evaluation during casedhole logging with a surface acquisition system.

Self Study Guide


Module Review Questions1. Which of the following statements about gamma rays is false?

a. The gamma ray sensor measures the natural radioactivity of wellformations.

b. It is possible to directly measure gamma rays.c. Gamma ray logs are effective in distinguishing permeable zones.d. The main use of the gamma ray instrument in cased holes is to adjust

the depth of the tool string in relation to the depth of the formationbeing logged.

2. What is the 1633EA Acoustic Electronics Cartridge responsible for?Select all correct choices.

a. data acquisitionb. telemetry interfacec. define channels in the cementsd. downhole analysis



Appendices

Course Summary

Course ModulesThis course consisted of the following modules:

Cased Hole Logging Overview

Downhole Instruments Overview

Course ObjectivesNow that you've completed the self-study guide, you should be able to:

Distinguish Cased Hole Logging Technology including its purpose, benefits, anddeliverables.

Determine the functions of downhole tools used during cased hole logging witha surface acquisition system.

Self Study Guide


Next StepsCongratulations on completing the Cased Hole Logging Technology Self-StudyGuide! Now you are ready for additional courses including the PFC 0700 SeriesSelf-Study Guide. You can access these courses through the LearningManagement System to get the further information.

You Must Take the Online Quiz to Complete this CourseTo complete this course, you must score at least 80% on the related online quiz.

To take the quiz, complete the following steps.

After reading and working through this self-study guide, return to the course inAchieve to take the quiz.

1. Make sure your computer is powered up and and connected to the internet.

2. Using your web browser, navigate to Achieve, the BHI Learning ManagementSystem (LMS).

3. Search for the LMS course code for the web-based course that contains theself-study guide and quiz and launch the web-based course.

4. Use the "Next" button at the bottom right to navigate through the course andlaunch the quiz.

Course Summary


Module Review Answer Key

Cased Hole Logging Overview

1. Logging measurements taken through well casing, which is inserted into thewell during the completions operations

2. Reservoir Performance Monitor: 8281EA (Electronics), 8281FA (GeneratorElectronics)Sondex: 2800 Series (Temperature, Fluid Density, Fluid Capacitance, SpinnerFlowmeter,etc.)Segmented Bond Tool: 1424XA (Mandrel), 1633EA (Electronics)Radial Bond Log: 1426XA

3. Production Logging: used to efficiently and accurately evaluate the well’sperformanceCement and Casing Evaluation: provide results to confirm zonal isolation andhelp the customer decide whether remedial work is required before anycompletions are attemptedPipe Recovery: the process by which the location of the stuck pipe is identified,and the free pipe is separated from the stuck pipePerforation: used to create a channel between the pay zone and the well bore,thus causing the oil or gas to flow to the wellbore easily

Downhole Instruments Overview

1. It is possible to directly measure gamma rays.

2. Data acquisition, downhole analysis, and telemetry interface

Self Study Guide


Module Review Answer Key


Documents

Cased Hole Logging Technology · 2014. 11. 24. · Open Hole Logging Cased Hole Logging Washout Mudcake Cement Casing ... Radial Analysis Bond Log™ (RAL™) service, and Acoustic