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$ 64,000 Question

What best describes the attitude of Symmetry-based Reciprocity?

“if you’re nice, I’ll be nice” “We’re buddies”

“What have you done for me lately?” “I’m independent”

A. B.

. D.

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$ 64,000 Question

What best describes the attitude of Symmetry-based Reciprocity?

“We’re buddies”

“I’m independent”

A. B.

C. D.

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$ 125,000 Question

The first animals that were tested and proven to demonstrate human like qualities of giving and receiving favors?

Dolphins Canines

Chimpanzees Parrots

A. B.

C. D.

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$ 125,000 Question

The first animals that were tested and proven to demonstrate human like qualities of giving and receiving favors?

Canines

Chimpanzees

A. B.

C. D.

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$ 250,000 Question

Which example best describes Biological Market Theory?

A chimp returning foodborrowed to feeds its family

Two chimps working togetherto collect bananas

A chimp grooming a mother chimpas payment to hold her baby

A Chimp exchanges food forA better habitat

A. B.

C. D.

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$ 250,000 Question

Which example best describes Biological Market Theory?

A chimp grooming a mother chimpas payment to hold her baby

A Chimp exchanges food forA better habitat

A. B.

C. D.

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$ 1 Million Question

What Bird Order is this?

Apodiformes Psittacifomes

Passeriformes Columbiformes

A. B.

C. D.

50:50

$ 1 Million Question

What Bird Order is this?

Apodiformes PsittacifomesA. B.

C. D.

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How Animals Do How Animals Do BusinessBusiness

Behavioral EconomicsBehavioral Economics

Vocab Words– Reciprocity Vocab Words– Reciprocity MechanismsMechanisms

Symmetry BasedSymmetry Based— Mutual Affection — Mutual Affection between two parties with out the need to between two parties with out the need to keep track of favorskeep track of favors

AttitudinalAttitudinal— Parties mirror one another’s — Parties mirror one another’s attitudes, exchange favors on the spot.attitudes, exchange favors on the spot.

CalculatedCalculated— Individuals keep track of the — Individuals keep track of the benefits they exchange, which helps them benefits they exchange, which helps them decide to whom they return favorsdecide to whom they return favors

Economics at WorkEconomics at Work

It was previously thought that both animals and It was previously thought that both animals and humans only engaged in temporal interactions humans only engaged in temporal interactions (economics) for self-gain(economics) for self-gain

1717thth Century Philosophy: “Every man is presumed Century Philosophy: “Every man is presumed to seek what is good for himself naturally, and to seek what is good for himself naturally, and what is just, only for Peaces sake, and what is just, only for Peaces sake, and accidentally” This eludes to the true inherent accidentally” This eludes to the true inherent selfish character of man.selfish character of man.

A careful study of animals in economic situations A careful study of animals in economic situations helps us to understand more about ourselves.helps us to understand more about ourselves.

Biological Market TheoryBiological Market Theory

A coveted activity for female chimps without A coveted activity for female chimps without offspring is to hold the infants of other female offspring is to hold the infants of other female chimps.chimps.

In exchange for this privilege, female chips will In exchange for this privilege, female chips will spend extended periods grooming the motherspend extended periods grooming the mother

Studies discovered that in areas where the Studies discovered that in areas where the number of infant chimps was low, the grooming number of infant chimps was low, the grooming time required was much longertime required was much longer

This is a perfect illustration of the law of supply This is a perfect illustration of the law of supply and demandand demand

The Good NewsThe Good News

Biological Economic Studies revealed an Biological Economic Studies revealed an inherent behavior for animals to “do good”inherent behavior for animals to “do good”

Many experiments were conducted which Many experiments were conducted which required monkeys to work together to obtain required monkeys to work together to obtain food. food.

After the team work only one monkey was After the team work only one monkey was rewarded food leaving the other with all rewarded food leaving the other with all effort and no food. effort and no food.

Shared FoodShared Food

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returned

Returned

Nearly 80% of the Nearly 80% of the monkey shared the food monkey shared the food they had received with they had received with the Hungary partner!the Hungary partner!

Other StudiesOther Studies Researchers conducted more Researchers conducted more

studies among chimps.studies among chimps. One Interesting study involved One Interesting study involved

giving food to one chimp in a giving food to one chimp in a controlled environment with controlled environment with many other hungry Chimpsmany other hungry Chimps

The Chimp would share the The Chimp would share the food with a few close friends. food with a few close friends. Those friends would in turn give Those friends would in turn give a ration of their food to a few a ration of their food to a few close friends. close friends.

Eventually every chimp in the Eventually every chimp in the controlled population had some controlled population had some amount of food. amount of food.

Fair is FairFair is Fair

A study was conducted where capuchin monkeys A study was conducted where capuchin monkeys were given pebbles which they could exchange for were given pebbles which they could exchange for cucumber.cucumber.

The understanding of a monetary unit came The understanding of a monetary unit came quickly to the animalsquickly to the animals

Eventually, the researches would give a grape to Eventually, the researches would give a grape to one monkey and a cucumber to the remaining one monkey and a cucumber to the remaining chimps.chimps.

The monkeys usually content with the cucumber The monkeys usually content with the cucumber became irate at the unjust situation; demonstrating became irate at the unjust situation; demonstrating an understanding of jealousy and fairness.an understanding of jealousy and fairness.

Spiritual Application Spiritual Application

We can learn from this behaviorWe can learn from this behavior The Parable of Laborers in the VineyardThe Parable of Laborers in the Vineyard Matt 20: 14 “But he answered and said, Matt 20: 14 “But he answered and said,

Friend I do thee no wrong… Take that is Friend I do thee no wrong… Take that is thine is, and go thy way: I will give unto this thine is, and go thy way: I will give unto this last even thee”last even thee”

Pride and jealousy are universal sinsPride and jealousy are universal sins ““Its not what we have, its having more of it Its not what we have, its having more of it

than our neighbor”than our neighbor”

ConclusionConclusion

1717thth Century Philosopher was wrong! Century Philosopher was wrong! Science has proven that economics among Science has proven that economics among

animals is as much for friendship as it is for animals is as much for friendship as it is for gain. These studies are evidences of gain. These studies are evidences of selfless-ness in the animal kingdomselfless-ness in the animal kingdom

All creatures were created by our divine All creatures were created by our divine Heavenly Father in Heaven and each was Heavenly Father in Heaven and each was blessed with the Light of Christ to help them blessed with the Light of Christ to help them to desire to want to do what is good.to desire to want to do what is good.