Casualties of War

America at War

When is victory

Achieved?

New form of government is in place

Are there any victors/losers?

Economic needs are protected

Victor inflicts more

casualties

Revenge is

achieved

National Prestige is

upheld

The threat of attack has

ended

How can the victor of a war be determined?

The Enemy surrenders

CountryTotal Mobilized

ForcesKilled Wounded

Prisoners and Missing

Total CasualtiesCasualties as % of

Forces

ALLIED AND ASSOCIATED POWERS

Russia 12,000,000 1,700,000 4,950,000 2,500,000 9,150,000 76.3

British Empire 8,904,467 908,371 2,090,212 191,652 3,190,235 35.8

France 8,410,000 1,357,800 4,266,000 537,000 6,160,800 73.3

Italy 5,615,000 650,000 947,000 600,000 2,197,000 39.1

United States 4,355,000 116,516 204,002 4,500 323,018 7.1

Japan 800,000 300 907 3 1,210 0.2

Romania 750,000 335,706 120,000 80,000 535,706 71.4

Serbia 707,343 45,000 133,148 152,958 331,106 46.8

Belgium 267,000 13,716 44,686 34,659 93,061 34.9

Greece 230,000 5,000 21,000 1,000 27,000 11.7

Portugal 100,000 7,222 13,751 12,318 33,291 33.3

Montenegro 50,000 3,000 10,000 7,000 20,000 40.0

TOTAL 42,188,810 5,142,631 12,800,706 4,121,090 22,062,427 52.3

ALLIED AND ASSOCIATED POWERS

Germany 11,000,000 1,773,700 4,216,058 1,152,800 7,142,558 64.9

Austria-Hungary 7,800,000 1,200,000 3,620,000 2,200,000 7,020,000 90.0

Turkey 2,850,000 325,000 400,000 250,000 975,000 34.2

Bulgaria 1,200,000 87,500 152,390 27,029 266,919 22.2

TOTAL 22,850,000 3,386,200 8,388,448 3,629,829 15,404,477 67.4

GRAND TOTAL 65,038,810 8,528,831 21,189,154 7,750,919 37,466,904 57.5

Casulaties

What were the casualties of WWI?

• Total Casualties

– 37.5 million

• 15.5 million deaths

• 21 million wounded

– Allied Powers • 5 million soldiers

– Central Powers• > 3 million soldiers

Entente Powers Pop Military Deaths

Civilian Deaths

Total Deaths

Military Wounde

d

 Australia[1] 4.5 61,928 61,928 152,171

 Belgium[2] 7.4 42,987 62,000 104,987 44,686

 Canada[3] 7.2 64,944 2,000 66,944 149,732

 France[4] 39.6 1,397,800 300,000 1,697,800 4,266,000

 Greece[5] 4.8 26,000 150,000 176,000 21,000

Indian Empire[6] 315.1 74,187 74,187 69,214

 Italy[7] 35.6 651,010 589,000 1,240,010 953,886

 Japan[8] 53.6 415 415 907

 Luxembourg[9] 0.3

 Montenegro[10] .5 3,000 3,000 10,000

 New Zealand[11] 1.1 18,050 18,050 41,317

 Newfoundland[12] .2 1,204 1,204 2,314

 Portugal[13] 6.0 7,222 82,000 89,222 13,751

 Romania[14] 7.5 250,000 430,000 680,000 120,000

 Russian Empire[15] 158.9 1,811,000 1,500,000 3,311,000 4,950,000

 Kingdom of Serbia[16] 4.5 275,000 450,000 725,000 133,148

 South Africa[17] 6.0 9,463 9,463 12,029

United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland[18] 45.4 885,138 109,000 994,138 1,663,435

 United States[19] 92.0 116,708 757 117,465 205,690

Total (Entente Powers) 790.2 5,696,056 3,674,757 9,370,813 12,809,280

Central Powers Pop Military Deaths

Civilian Deaths

Total Deaths

Military Wounde

d

 Austria-Hungary[20] 51.4 1,100,000 467,000 1,567,000 3,620,000

 Bulgaria[21] 5.5 87,500 100,000 187,500 152,390

 German Empire[22] 64.9 2,036,897 426,000 2,462,897 4,247,143

 Ottoman Empire[23] 21.3 800,000 4,200,000 5,000,000 400,000

Total (Central Powers) 143.1 4,024,397 5,193,000 9,217,397 8,419,533

Neutral nations

 Denmark[24] 2.7 722 722

 Norway[25] 2.4 - 1,892 1,892

 Sweden[26] 5.6 - 877 877

Grand Total 941.3 9,720,453 8,871,248 18,591,701 21,228,813

What effects did WWI have beyond the soldiers on the battlefield?

Wars often spark other effects beyond the soldiers fighting on the battle field.

What was the Armenian Genocide? • forced mass evacuation &

systematic murder of nearly 1 million Armenians by the Ottoman Empire

• Mahsusa– Special organization used to

force Armenian evacuations– Filled with freed murders and

criminals• did not provide facilities or

supplies • prevented deportees from

supplying themselves• allowed others & participated in

robbing, raping & killing Armenians

Armenian Genocide

What was the Russian Revolution?• Takeover of Tsar

Nicholas II’s autocratic government by the Bolsheviks

– Communists

• Vladimir Lenin

• Romanovs murdered

• Separate peace with Germany

• US involvement: Reds vs. Whites

Russian Revolution (could insert 0-4)

Flu Epidemic of 1918 Presentation

Spanish Flu

I had a little bird, Its name was Enza. I opened the window, And in-flu-enza.

What was the Spanish Flu?• Virus (influenza) that killed

between 20-40 million people worldwide (1918-1919))– 675 thousand Americans

• most devastating epidemic in recorded world history

• Symptoms began like a cold• Infected 20% of world population• 28% of Americans• Highest fatality between ages 20-

30– 4 women playing bridge

together one night and next morning 3 were dead

Spanish Flu

Was it worth it?

• Remember the original goals

• Number of goals achieved v. Casualties

• Do the goals outweigh the costs?

Casualties in any amount affect the

people of a country and often are the

reasons for a war’s end.

As an American, how does this make you feel?

Combat in Afghanistan

Wars often spark other effects beyond the soldiers fighting on the battle field:

List some possible effects of the Iraqi War:• Civil War• Stable Democratically elected government• Skyrocketing Debt (figures from 2006)

– $300 billion for the war– Over $9 Trillion total

• Oil Rich ally• Spread of Democracy• Spread of Terrorism• Embolden terrorist states (Iran/North Korea)

Other Costs

Iraqi Civilian Count Estimated between

100-600 thousand deaths

Is it worth it?

The fog of war can cloud a normally clear mind. If you have learned nothing else from this lesson, I hope that you appreciate the

far reaching effects of ‘going to war.’ Thousands/millions of lives are affected by

the decision to go to war. Bad and good people die. Hopefully the leaders that we

have/will elect(ed) appreciate this. But remember that freedom isn’t free. At this very moment, hundreds of thousands of

young Americans are risking their lives so that we can have this conversation.