Cat Words

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1853 Most Difficult Words

for CAT and GMAT

Word List with Meanings(but Without Sentence Fragments)

By Raj BapnaCEO

www.MindMachineLab.com

Dear Friend,

You now have in your hands a very valuable list of 1,853 most difficult words

that can give you an edge over others for your success in CAT. This is my gift to youwith my best wishes for your big success in CAT and in life.

This list is taken from the vocab books ofAlpha Plus Mind Machine for Vocabfor CAT(GMAT, MBA), which is a toppers ultimate vocab system.

This list is being provided free to you.

How to Use This BookThe words are given in bold. The meaning is given after the equal sign (=)

following a word. We have used the US spellings. The British spelling of a word,

when different from the US spelling, is given in bracket after BRITISH as shown forthe word belabor below.

belabor (BRITISH = belabour)= to assail verbally, to insist repeatedly or harp on

The page numbers are listed on the top right side of each page as:

Cassette 1 Side A-4

Here Cassette 1 Side A means that the words are on the Side A of

Cassette 1 and 4 means that the page number is 4 of this book

Wishing you best of success in CAT for MBA from a top college and worldwide

opportunities for exciting career, great wealth, enriching travel, and family pride,

Raj Bapna .

Copyright 2005. All rights reserved. Published by Mind Machine Lab, Udaipur

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Cassette 1 Side A-2

Cassette 1 Side A

amphitheater (BRITISH = amphitheatre)= oval-shaped theateranathema = curse, ban

annul = cancel, nullifyanodyne = pain soothing

anoint = consecrate, to apply oil, especially as a sacred rite anonymity = state of being anonymous, having no nameantediluvian = ancient, obsolete, pre historic

antithesis = direct oppositeapathetic = unconcerned, indifferentaphasia = inability to speak or use words

aphorism= maxim, old sayingaplomb = poise, confidence

apocryphal = a doubtful authenticity, not genuine, fictionalapostate = one who abandons one's faithapotheosis = Deification, glorification

approbation = praise, official approvalarchaic = Antiquated, from an earlier time

archipelago = group of islandsardor (BRITISH = ardour)= great emotion or passionarraign= indict, to call to court to answer a charge

arrogate = seize without right, to demand or claim arrogantlyascendancy = powerful stateascribe = to attribute

ashen = resembling ashes, or deathly pale asinine = stupid

askance = to view with suspicion, scornfully askew= crooked, tiltedaspersion = slander, false rumor, damaging report

assail = attackassent = to express agreement

assiduous = hard-working, diligent, persistentassuage = lessen (pain), to make less severe, easeastringent = causing contraction, severe, harsh

asunder = apart, into different partsatone = make amends for a wrong

august = noble, dignified, awe-inspiring, venerable

avow= declareawry = crooked, askew, amiss

axiom = self-evident truth, premise, postulatebacchanal = orgy, drunkenly festive

baleful = hostile, malignant, harmful with evil intentionsbalk = hesitate, refuse, shirk, preventbanal = trite, overly common

bane = poison, nuisance, something causing ruinbastion= fort, fortification, stronghold

beguile = deceive, seduce, misleadbehemoth= monster, huge creature

beleaguer = besiege, to harass, plagueberate = to scold harshly

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Cassette 1 Side A-3

bestial = beast-like, brutal

bestow = to give as a gift, grantbevy = group

bicker= quarrel, to have a petty argumentbilious = ill-temperedbilk = swindle, cheat, defraud

blandish= to coax with flattering, grovelblight = decay, afflict, destroy

blithe = Joyful, cheerful, or without appropriate thoughtbombast = pompous speechbourgeois = middle class

broach = bring up a topic of conversationbrusque = curt, rough and abrupt in manner

bulwark = fortificationburgeon = sprout or flourishburly = husky, brawny

cabal = plot, a secret group seeking to overturn somethingcadaver = corpse, dead body

cajole = encourage, coax, flattercalumny = Slander, false and malicious accusationcanard = hoax, a lie

candor (BRITISH = candour)= frankness, honesty of expressioncanvass = survey, examine thoroughly

capricious = fickle, impulsive, whimsical, without much thoughtcareen = swerve, to lean on one sidecastigate = criticize, punish, chastise

cataclysm= catastrophe, disaster

cathartic = purgative, purifying, cleansingcatholic = universal, worldlycaucus = a small group within an organization or a meeting of such a groupcavil = quibble, raise trivial objections

cede = transfer ownership, to surrender possession of somethingcensorious = condemning speech, severely critical

chagrin = shame, embarrassment, humiliationchalice = goblet, cupchary = cautious, watchful, extremely shy

cherubic = sweet, innocentchicanery = trickery, fraud, deception

chide = scold, express disapprovalchimerical = imaginary, impossible choleric = easily angered, short-tempered

circumlocution = roundabout expressioncircumspect = cautious, wary

circumvent = evade, avoid, to go aroundcitadel = fortress or strongholdclamor (BRITISH = clamour)= noisy outcry

cleave = to split or separate, to stick, adhereclemency = forgiveness, merciful leniency

cloister= refuge, to confine, seclude

coalesce = combine, to grow togethercoddle = to pamper, baby, treat indulgently

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Cassette 1 Side A-4

cogent = well-put, convincing, logically forceful

cognate = from the same source, relatedcognomen = family name, any name, nickname

colloquy = conferencecollusion = conspiracy, collaboration, complicitycommodious = spacious

complicity = guilt by association, knowing partnership in wrong doingcompunction = remorse, regret

concur = To agree

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Cassette 1 Side B-5

Cassette 1 Side B

conflagration = large fire, big, destructive fireconfluence = flowing together, meeting of two streams, meeting place

confound = bewilder, to baffle, perplexcongeal = solidify, as a liquid freezing, to become thick or solid

conjecture = hypothesis, speculation, predictionconjure = summon, to evoke a spirit, cast a spellconsanguinity = related by blood, kinship

consecrate = make holy, dedicate to a goal, to declare sacredconstrue = interpret or to explaincontinence = self-control, self-restraint

contrite = apologetic, deeply sorrowful and repentant for a wrongcontusion = A bruise

conundrum = enigma, puzzle or problem with no solution, riddle convivial = sociable, festive, fond of eating, drinking, and people convoke = convene, summon, to call together

coquette = woman who flirtscorroborate = to confirm, verify

coterie = small group, group of people with a common interest or purposecountenance = facial expression, to favor, supportcower= showing fear, to cringe in fear

crass = crude, unrefinedcraven = cowardlycredence = Belief, acceptance of something as true or real

creed = Belief or principle cringe = cower, to shrink in fear

culpable = blameworthy, guilty, responsible for wrongcupidity = greedcurmudgeon = boor, cranky person

dally = procrastinate, to act playfully or waste timedebase = to degrade, or lower in quality or stature

debauch = to corrupt, seduce from virtue or dutydebutante = a girl debuting into societydecadence = deterioration, decay (e.g. moral or cultural)

decapitate = kill by beheadingdeciduous = shedding leaves, short-lived, temporary

decorous = seemly, proper, tasteful, socially correct

decry = castigate, to belittle, openly condemndeference = courteously yielding to another, respect, honor

defile = pollute, to make unclean or dishonordeft = skillful, dexterous

defunct = extinct, no longer existing, deaddeleterious = harmful, destructive, detrimentaldeluge = a flood, to submerge, overwhelm

demagogue = An unprincipled politician, leaderdemean = to degrade, humiliate, humble

demur = take exception, to express doubts or objectionsdenigrate = defame, to slur or blacken someone's reputation

depravity = immorality, sinfulnessdeprecate = belittle, disparage

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Cassette 1 Side B-6

deride = To ridicule, to mock, make fun of

desecrate = profane, to abuse something sacreddesiccate = dehydrate, to dry completely

despondent = depressed, feeling discouraged and dejecteddesultory = without direction in life, at random, rambling, unmethodicaldiatribe = long denunciation, bitter verbal attack

dichotomy = a division into two partsdidactic = instructional

dilettante = amateur, dabblerdisabuse = correct, to free from a misconceptiondisburse = pay out

disconsolate = inconsolable, unable to be consoled, extremely saddiscrete = separate, distinct

discursive = rambling, wandering from topic to topic disdain = to regard with scorn and contemptdisingenuous = deceptive, sly and crafty

disjointed= disconnected, incoherent, being separateddisparage = belittle, speak disrespectfully about

disparate = various, dissimilar, different in kinddisparity = difference, contrast, dissimilaritydispirit = discourage, to dishearten, make dejected

dissipate = scatterdistend = swell, inflate, bloat

distraught = distressed, very worrieddocile = domesticated, trained, tamedotage = senility, mental decline

dour = sullen and gloomy, stern and severe

droll = amusing in a wrydulcet = melodious, pleasant soundingduplicity = deceit, treachery, dishonesty, double-dealingduress = coercion, imprisonment

ebb = recede, to fade awayebullient = exuberant, full of enthusiasm and high spirits

eclectic = joyfuledify = instruct morally and spirituallyefface = To obliterate

effrontery = insolenceeffulgent = brilliant

elicit = provokeelucidate = make clear, clarifyemaciated = underfed, gaunt

embroil = involve, cause to fall into disorderemend = correct

encomium = warm praiseencumber = burden, to hinder, restrict motionendemic = Peculiar to some specified country or people

enervate = weaken, sap strength fromengender = generate, to produce

enigmatic = puzzling, inexplicable

enjoin = urge, order, commandennui = boredom, lack of interest and energy

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Cassette 1 Side B-7

enthrall (BRITISH = enthral)= mesmerize, to captivate, enchant

entreat = plead, begepicure = gourmet, person with refined taste in food and wine

epigram = saying, short, witty saying or poemepithet = name, appellation, phraseequine = pertaining to horses

erode = wear away, to diminisherrant = wandering, mistaken

eschew = avoid, to abstain fromespouse = to support or advocateestranged = alienated, separated

euthanasia = mercy-killingevanescent = fleeting, very brief, short- lived

evince = attest, demonstrate, to show clearly 2

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Cassette 2 Side A-8

Cassette 2 Side A

exacerbate = worsenexasperate = irritate, vex

execrable = very bad, abominable, utterly detestable exemplary = outstanding, serving as an example

exhort = strongly urgeexhume = uncover, to remove from a grave exonerate = free from blame

exorcise = to expel evil spiritsexpedient = advantageous, convenient, efficientexpiate = atone, make amends for

expunge = erase, eliminate completelyextenuate = To diminish the gravity or importance of

extol = praise highlyextraneous = not essential, unnecessaryextricate = Disentangle, free

exuberant = joyous, happyexude = emit, ooze

exult = rejoicefacetious = joking, sarcastic, wittyfacile = very easy

fallow = unproductive, unplowedfastidious = meticulous, careful with detailsfathom= understand, to measure the depth of

fatuous = inane, stupidfealty = Loyalty

fecund = fertile, fruitful, productivefeign = pretend, give a false impressionfetid = foul-smelling, putrid, stinking

fickle = always changing one's mindfidelity = Loyalty

filch = steal something of little valuefilial = of a son or daughterfitful = irregular

flagrant = outrageous, shamelessfledgling = just beginning, struggling

flippant = Having a light, pert, trifling disposition

florid = ruddy, with too much decorationflout = to show disregard for the law or rules

foible = weakness, minor faultfoist = palm off a fake

foment = instigatefortuitous = happening by luck, fortunatefoster = encourage

fracas = noisy fightfraught = filled

frenetic = harried, neurotic frond = bending tree

fulminate = denounce, menacefulsome = excessive, insincere

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Cassette 2 Side A -9

furtive = stealthy

gainsay = to denygargantuan = large

garner = gathergarrulous = talkative, loquacious, wordygauche = awkward, crude

genre = kind, categorygibe = heckle

glib = insincere mannerglower = stare angrilygoad = encourage

gossamer = thin and flimsygouge = overcharge, scoop out

grimace = expression of disgustgrovel = crawl, obeyguile = deceit, trickery

hackneyed= tritehapless = unlucky

harangue = a pompous speechharbinger = forerunnerhaughty = arrogant

hedonism= the pursuit of pleasure in lifeheinous = shocking, wicked

hermetic = airtight, sealedhew= to cut with an axhiatus = interruption

hone = sharpen

illimitable = limitlessimbue = infuse, dye, wetimmure = build a wall aroundimpair = injure

impassive = calm, without feelingimpeccable = faultless

impecunious = indigent, having no moneyimperious = domineeringimpertinent = insolent, rude

imperturbable = calmimpervious = Impenetrable

impetuous = quick to act without thinkingimplausible = unlikely, inconceivable impolitic = unwise

importune = urgent requestimpregnable = totally safe from attack

impugn = criticizeinadvertent = unintentionalinane = vacuous, stupid

incandescent = brilliantincarcerate = to put in a jail

incendiary = burning easily, flammable

inchoate = just begunincipient = beginning to exist

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Cassette 2 Side A-10

incisive = keen, penetrating

incognito = disguisedincommunicado = unable to communicate with others

incontrovertible = Indisputable inculcate = instill, indoctrinate, to teachincumbent = obligatory, required

incursion = raidindict = charge with a crime

indigenous = Nativeindigent = very poorindolent = lazy

indomitable = invincible, fearlessindubitable = unquestionable

inexorable = relentless, inflexible

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Cassette 2 Side B-11

Cassette 2 Side B

infallible = incapable of making a mistakeinfernal = hellish

infirmity = ailment, diseaseingrate = ungrateful person

ingratiate = pleasing, flattering, endearinginimical = adverse, hostile, unfriendlyinnocuous = Harmless

innuendo = indirect and subtle criticisminscrutable = cannot be fully understoodinsinuate = to suggest, imply, say indirectly

insipid = flat, dull, lacking flavorinsolent = insulting

insular= narrow-minded, isolatedinsuperable = insurmountable insurgent = rebellious

insurrection = uprising, rebellioninter = bury

interdict = prohibitinterloper = intruder, meddler in others' affairsinterminable = unending

internecine = mutually destructiveintransigent = uncompromisingintrepid = fearless

inundate = floodinvective = verbal insult

inveigh= to rail against, protest stronglyinveterate = habitual, chronic, long-standinginvidious = incurring ill-will

irascible = irritable itinerant = Wandering, unsettled

jaded = spent, bored with one's situationjuggernaut = unstoppable forcekismet = fate

knell = sound of a funeral belllachrymose = tearful

lampoon= satirize, to attack with satire

larceny = theft of propertylargess = generous donation

legerdemain = trickerylevity = Frivolity, humor

libertine = one without moral restraintlicentious = lewd, immorallimpid = transparent, clearly understood

lissome (BRITISH = lissom)= agile, supple lithe = moving and bending with ease

loathe = abhor, hateloquacious = Talkative

lugubrious = sad, sorrowfullurid = glowing, shocking

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macabre = gruesome

machination = plot or schememaelstrom = whirlpool, agitated state of mind

malapropism= comical misuse of a wordmalcontent = one who is forever dissatisfiedmalediction = curse

malefactor = evildoer, culpritmalodorous = fetid, foul-smelling

manifold = multiple, diversemartial = warlike, pertaining to the militarymartinet = strict disciplinarian

masochist = one who enjoys painmaudlin = weepy, sentimental

maverick = a person who resists adherence to a groupmawkish = sickeningly sentimentalmeander = to wander aimlessly without direction

mendicant = beggarmercurial = changeable, volatile, quick

mettle = courage, capacity for braveryminatory = threateningmirth = jollity, laughter

miscreant = one who behaves criminallymissive = letter or note

modicum = a small amountmollify = to calm or make less severemoot = disputable, previously decided

mordant = biting, sarcastic

mores = moral standards, customsmoribund = near deathmote = speck, small particle motley = diverse, many colored

multifarious = diverse, many-sidedmunificent = generous

myriad = innumerable nascent = incipient, coming into existencenatal = related to birth

necromancy = sorcery, black magic Nemesis = implacable foe, often victorious opponent

neologism = new word or expressionneophyte = beginnernether = located under or below

nettle = irritateniggardly = stingy

noisome = harmful, stinkingnonentity = person of no significanceobdurate = unyielding

obeisance = homage, deferenceobfuscate = bewilder, muddle, to confuse

oblique = indirect

obliterate = destroyobloquy = slander, abusive language

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obsequious = fawning, servile, overly submissive

obsequy = funeral ceremonyobstinate = stubborn

obstreperous = noisy, unruly, troublesomeobtuse = stupid, dullocclude = block, to shut

odious = despicable, hatefulonerous = burdensome

opprobrious = abusive, disgracefulordain = appointossify = harden

ostensible = apparent, seemingostentatious = pretentious, showy

overweening = arrogant, forward3

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Cassette 3 Side A

pacifist = one who opposes all violencepaean = a song of praise

palaver= babble, nonsensepall = to become dull or weary

palliate = to make less serious, easepallid = pale, sallow, lacking color or livelinesspalpable = touchable, obvious, real

paltry = scarce, pitifully small or worthlesspanache = flamboyance, flairpandemic = spread over a whole area or country

panegyric = praisepanoply = full suit of armor

paragon = model of excellence or perfectionpariah = outcastparley = conference, discussion

parry = avert, ward off, reflectpartisan = supporter

pathos = emotion, feeling of sadnesspatrician = aristocratpatrimony = inheritance or heritage derived from one's father

peccadillo = a minor faultpedagogue = dull, formal teacherpedant = a person who is too interested in formal rules and small unimportant details

pejorative = insulting, having bad connotationspellucid = transparent, easily understood

penance = voluntary suffering to repent for a wrongpenchant = inclinationpenitent = repentant

pensive = sadperdition = damnation, complete ruin

peremptory = dictatorialperennial = enduring, lastingperfidious = treacherous ( of a person )

perfunctory = careless, done in a routine wayperipatetic = moving from place to place

pernicious = destructive

pert = flippant, boldpertinacious = persevering

pertinent = Relevant, applicable philistine = barbarian, narrow-minded person

phlegmatic = sluggish, someone who is calmpillory = punish by ridicule pique = sting, arouse interest

pithy = concise, to the pointpittance = alms, trifle

placid = Serene, calmplatitude = trite remark, stale

plebeian = common, vulgarplethora = overabundance

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poignant = pungent, sharp, emotionally moving

polemic = a controversyportend = omen

portly = large, dignifiedpotentate = sovereign, kingprattle = chatter, foolish talk

precept = principle, lawprecipice = cliff, edge

precipitous = steepprecocious = advancedprecursor = forerunner

predilection = inclination, preferencepremeditate = plan in advance

preponderance = predominancepreposterous = ridiculous, illogicalpresage = omen, indicate in advance

privation = lack of usual necessities or comfortsprobity = integrity, complete honesty

proclivity = inclination, tendencyprodigal = wastefulprodigious = marvelous, enormous

profligate = licentious, prodigal, corruptprogenitor = ancestor

progeny = childrenprognosis = forecastprognosticate = foretell

prolix = long-winded, wordy

promontory = headland, capepromulgate = publish, disseminatepropensity = inclinationpropinquity = nearness, kinship

propitiate = satisfy, to win overpropitious = auspicious, favorable

prosaic = uninspired, flat, dullproscribe = prohibit, to condemnproselytize (BRITISH = proselytise)= recruit, convert

protean = changing readilyprotract = To prolong, extend

provident = having foresight, thriftyprude = puritanprudent = cautious, careful

prurient = exhibiting lewd desirespuerile = Childish

pugnacious = combative, quarrelsomepulchritude = beautypunctilious = careful in observing rules of behavior or ceremony

pungent = sharp smell or tastepurport = claim to be

pusillanimous = cowardly

quaff= to drink heartilyquagmire = difficult situation

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quandary = dilemma, difficulty

quell = suppress, allayquerulous = complaining

quibble = to argue about insignificant and irrelevant detailsquiescent = still, motionless, at restQuixotic = impractical, romantic

raconteur = story tellerrampant = unbridled, raging

rancor (BRITISH = rancour)= resentment, dislikerant = rage, scoldrapacious = grasping, avaricious, greedy

rapprochement = reconciliationraze = destroy

recalcitrant = resisting authority or control

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Cassette 3 Side B

recant = retract a statementrecidivism = habitual criminal activity

recondite = known to only a fewrecreant = coward, betrayer of faith

refractory = obstinateregal = royalrelegate = assign to an inferior position

renege = break a promisereplete = completereprehensible = blameworthy, unacceptable

reproach = blamereprobate = morally unprincipled person

reprove = to criticize or correctrepudiate = to reject as having no authorityrequiem= rest, a mass for the dead

requite = to return in kindrescind = revoke, cancel

respite = interval or reliefresplendent = shining, splendidrestitution = act of compensating for loss or damage

restive = nervous, uneasyretort = quick replayretrench = reorganize, to regroup

retrieve = reclaimretrograde = regress

revelry = merrymakingrevere = honorrevile = to criticize with harsh language

revulsion = aversionribald = coarse, vulgar

rife = widespread, abundantrisque = off-color, racyrostrum = stage for public speaking

ruminate = reflect uponrustic = rural

sacrosanct = sacred

sagacious = wisesallow= sickly yellow in color

sanguine = cheerfulsapient = wise, shrewd

sardonic = scornfulsaunter= walk in a leisurely mannersavant = scholar

schism = a division or separationscintilla = very small amount

scintillate = sparkle scoff= ridicule

scurrilous = abusive, insultingsecular = worldly, nonreligious

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sedition = treason, resistance to authority

sententious = concise, trying to appear wisesequester= to remove or set apart

seraphic = angelic, pureserendipity = making fortunate discoveriesservile = slavish, obedient

simian = monkey likesimper = smile foolishly, smirk

sinecure = well paid position with little responsibilityskulk = sneak aboutslake = to calm down or moderate

sloth = lazinessslovenly = sloppy

sobriety = composedsobriquet = nicknamesodden = soaked

sojourn = trip, visitsolace = consolation

solecism = ungrammatical constructionsolicitous = considerate, concernedsoliloquy = A monologue

solstice = furthest pointsomber(BRITISH = sombre)= Gloomy

somnambulist = sleepwalkersomnolent = Sleepysoporific = sleep inducing

sordid = foul, ignoble, dirty and unpleasant

spawn = producespecious = false but plausible sporadic = occurring irregularlysportive = playful

spurn = rejectsqualid = filthy

staid = demure, sedate, boringsteadfast = loyal, immovable stentorian = extremely loud

stigma = mark of disgracestilted = formal, stiff, unnatural

stoic = indifferent to pain or pleasurestolid = impassivestratagem = trick

stricture = negative criticismstultify = inhibit, enfeeble

stymie = hinder, thwartsuave = smoothsublimate = to repress impulses

sublime = lofty, excellentsubterfuge = cunning, ruse

succulent = juicy, delicious

sully = stainsupercilious = arrogant

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supplant = replace

surly = rude, crasssurmise = to guess

surmount = overcomesurreptitious = secretivesustenance = supplying the necessities of life

swarthy = dark (as in complexion) Sybarite = pleasure-seeker, lover of luxury

sycophant = flatterer, flunkytaciturn = who does not talk muchtalon = claw of an animal

tantamount = equivalenttawdry = gaudy, cheap

temerity = boldness4

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Cassette 4 Side A

ample = enough, specious, abundantamplify = enlarge, increase, intensify

ancillary = supplementary, subsidiary, subordinateanomaly = deviation from the rule, irregularity

artifact (BRITISH = artefact)= an object made by human, of historical interestartisan = a skilled handicraftsmanauthoritarian = dictator, extremely strict, bossy

autocrat = dictator or a high ranking government officerbifurcated = divided into two branches, forkedblatant = glaring, obvious, showy

bountiful = abundant, plentifulbrazen = bold, shameless, impudent

breach = breaking of a rule, agreement, or lawcaricature = cartoon, exaggerated portraitcarnivorous = meat-eating

catalyst = something that causes change without being changedcentripetal = tending toward the center

chaotic = in utter disorderchauvinist = a man who thinks men are better than womencomplement = To make complete, perfect

composure = Calmness of appearancecompress = to reduce, squeezeconstituent = electorate, component, part

constraint = something that limits what you can docorrelation = mutual relationship, association

corrugate = to wrinkle or draw into folds depose = testify, to remove from a high positiondepreciate = To lessen the worth of

determinate = Definitely limited or fixed, conclusivedexterous = skillful, adroit

dwindle = To diminish or become lessearthy = crudeentity = being, existence

equity = impartiality, justiceequivocal = Ambiguous, open to two interpretations

eulogy = high praise

exotic = Foreign, romantic extemporaneous = unrehearsed

fabricate = constructfallible = Capable of erring

felicitous = very appropriate, pertinentflair = a natural aptitudeflaunt = to show off

flora = plantsfraudulent = Counterfeit

fusion = union, coalitiongerminate = To begin to develop into an embryo or higher form

heterogeneous = composed of unlike parts, differenthypothetical = theoretical, speculative

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immune = Exempt, as from disease

imprudent = unwiseinception = The beginning

inconsequential = Valuelessindefatigable = never getting tiredindicative = suggestive, implying

indisputable = not disputed, unquestionedinfantile = childish, immature

ingenuous = nave and unsophisticatedinjurious = harmfulinnovate = to invent, modernize

integrity = decency, honest, wholenessintermittent = starting and stopping

introspective = looking within oneselfintrovert = To turn withininvoke = request assistance or protection

iota = A small mark or partirreverent = disrespectful

jaundice = disease of yellowish discoloration of skinlackluster (BRITISH = lacklustre)= dull, dreary, colorlesslaudable = Praiseworthy

lexicon = A dictionarylitigation = lawsuit

lunar = related to the moonluscious = Rich, sweet, and deliciousmetaphor = figure of speech comparing two different things

microcosm= The world on a small scale

migratory = Wandering from place to place with the seasons mishap = Misfortunemne monic = related to memorymonotony = A lack of variation

omnivorous = eating everythingopportunist = One who takes advantage of circumstances

orifice = a small openingovert = open to viewparadox = seemingly in contradiction

parasite = one who lives at another's expensepatent = the right to make or sell a new invention

pediatrician (BRITISH = paediatrician)= a child doctorperusal = reading carefullyplenitude = Abundance

polyglot = Speaking several tonguespropagate = To spread

reactionary = related to, or favoring reactionreciprocate = To give and take mutually regimen = government rule, systematic plan

rehabilitate = To restore to a former statusreminiscence = remembrance of past events

renegade = rebel, dissident

resilient = the quality of springing backretroactive = applying to an earlier time

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sensual = related to the physical senses

strident = rough, harsh, caustic, loudsubliminal = subconscious, imperceptible

superannuated = retired

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Cassette 4 Side B

superficial = shallow and phonysupple = Easily bent

synchronous = happening at the same timetainted= contaminated, corrupt

talisman= an object supposed to bring good lucktheocracy = government by the prieststherapeutic = medicinal

tortuous = with bends or turnstranscend = To surpasstransmute = To change in nature or form

tribute = a gift or statement showing respectturbulence = violent agitation

unobtrusive = inconspicuous, not blatantvent = small opening, outletverisimilitude = appearance of being true

versatile = adaptable, all-purposevicarious = substitute, surrogate

viscous = sticky, gluey, thickwarranty = guarantee of a product's soundnesswax = increase, grow

weather = endure the effects of weather or other forcesyoke = join together, unitetemporal = limited by time, secular, not lasting forever

tenacious = persistenttendentious = biased

tenet = doctrine, principle tensile = capable of being stretchedtenuous = thin, insubstantial

tepid = lukewarmterse = concise, brief

tether= tie down, tie with a ropethrall = slavethwart = to block or prevent from happening

timorous = fearful, timidtirade = scolding speech

toady = fawner, sycophant

torpid = lethargic, inactivetransient = fleeting, temporary

translucent = clear, lucid, almost transparenttravesty = caricature, farce, parody

trenchant = incisive, penetratingtrepidation = feartrite = commonplace, insincere

truculent = fierce, savage, tending to argue a lottruism = self-evident truth

tryst = meeting, rendezvoustumult = commotion

turbid = muddy, cloudedturgid = Swollen, not flowing

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turpitude = Depravity, evil

tyro = beginnerumbrage = resentment

unctuous = insincereunkempt = messy in appearanceunsullied = spotless

usurp = seize, to appropriateusury = overcharge, lending money at illegal rates of interest

vacillate = To wavervacuous = inane, empty, not showing intelligence or purposevapid = vacuous, insipid

venal = willing to do wrong for moneyvendetta = grudge, feud

venerable = respected because of ageverdant = green, lushvex = annoy, to irritate

vicissitude = changing fortunesvie = compete

vignette = scene, decorative designvilify = defamevindicate = free from blame

virile = manlyvirulent = deadly, poisonous

vitiate = spoil, ruinvitriolic = scathing, burningvociferous = adamant, clamoring

volition = free will

voluminous = bulky, extensive, or great quantitywallow= indulge, luxuriatewan = sickly pale wane = dissipate, wither

wary = guarded, carefulwelter= confusion, hodgepodge

whet = stimulate, to sharpenwily = shrewd, cleverwinsome = charming

wizened = shriveledwraith = ghost

wry = twisted, amusingzephyr = gentle breeze, west wind5

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Cassette 5 Side A

amphibian = creature that lives on land and wateranachronism= Anything occurring or existing out of its proper time

angular = Sharp-cornered or sharp angledanthropomorphous = Nonhuman having or resembling human form or quality

apothegm= a short sayingappraise = assess, evaluate the valuearable = suitable for cultivation

asperity = roughness of temperassay = to analyze or estimateaudit = formal examination of final records

augury = prophecy or prediction of eventsaver = to declare to be true

aversion = intense dislikeaviary = cage where birds are keptbanter = to tease playfully and in good humor

beatific = supremely happy, angelic, saintlybenighted= un enlightened

benison = Blessingblanch = bleach, whiten, to take the color outbludgeon = to hit someone several times with a heavy object

bolster = To support or make something strongburnish = To make brilliant or shiningcanny = clever and able to think quickly, especially about money or business

carnal = of the flesh, sensualcarp = to find faults, complain constantly

cavalcade = a procession or sequencecelerity = quick moving or actingcession = Surrender, as of possessions or rights

champ = to chew noisilychastise = to criticize or punish someone

chattel = piece of personal propertychurlish = rude, ungraciouscircumscribe = To confine within bounds

clairvoyant = who can see the future, having ESP collate = to sort or put in proper order

complaisant = Agreeable, friendly

consequential = importantcontumacious = rebellious

cuisine = cookery, style of cookingculmination = climax, final stage

curator = in charge of a library or museumdaunt = to frighten, subduedeclivity = a place that declines or slopes downwards

deranged = insane, delirious, maniacalderivative = copied or adapted, not original

descry = To discern, to discover or revealdiffidence = shyness, lack of confidence

dirge = lament with music, funeral hymndiscomfit = To put to confusion, discomfort

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discordant = harsh-sounding, badly out of tune

dissimulate = to disguisedistaff= the female branch of a family

dolt = a stupid persondomineer = to rule over something in a tyrannical waydoughty = brave, dauntless

dross = waste matter, worthless impuritiesdyspeptic = suffering from indigestion, gloomy and irritable

effluvium = noxious smellseffusive = expressing emotion without restraintelation = exhilaration, joy

eloquence = fluent and effective speechemollient = cream for softening, making supple

ensconce = to hide safely, settle comfortablyenunciate = verbalize, articulateepilogue = The close of a narrative or poem

epitome = A simplified representationequestrian = one who rides on horseback

excoriate = to denounceexculpate = to clear of blame or faultexpatiate = to discuss in detail, elaborate

expatriate = who does not live in one's own countryexpurgate = to purify by removing obscenities

extrinsic = not inherent or essential, coming from withoutextrovert = an outgoing personfell = to chop, cut down

fervid = fervent, passionate

fetter = to restrain, to bindfinicky = meticulous, fussyfissure = a crack or breakflaccid = limp, flabby, weak

flamboyant = Characterized by extravagancefluster = confuse

forbearance = Patient endurance or toleration of offensesforte = A strong pointfractious = wayward, unruly, disorderly

frenzied = feverishly fast, hectic funereal = mournful, appropriate to a funeral

gall = bitterness, nervegambol = Playful leaping or friskinggaunt = thin, emaciated

gustatory = relevant to the sense of tastinghallow = to make holy

hoary = white, oldholocaust = widespread destructionignominious = Shameful

impious = not devout in religionimplacable = doubtful, dubious

improvident = lacking foresight or thrift

incarnadine = blood-red in colorindenture = bound to another by contract

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interstice = a small space between things

iridescent = showing many colorsjettison = to throw overboard, abandon

jingoism= extremely aggressive and militant patriotismlackadaisical = Listless, idle languor = Lassitude of body or depression

lapidary = relating to precious stoneslatitude = freedom from narrow limitations

lionize = treat as a celebrityloiter = dawdle, loaflull = moment of calm

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Cassette 5 Side B

maritime = Situated on or near the seamegalomania = mental state with delusions of wealth and power

mendacious = Untruemeretricious = Alluring by false or gaudy show

molt = to shed hair, skin periodically monastic = related to monksmorbid = abnormally gloomy

naivet = a lack of worldly wisdomnihilism = a belief in nothing, extreme skepticismnomadic = moving from place to place

non sequitur = an irrelevant conclusionnuptial = relating to marriage

objurgate = to chide, scoldopalescent = iridescent, displaying colorsornithologist = scientist who studies birds

orotund = pompously saidpalette = board for mixing paints

pastiche = imitation of another's style patricide = murder of one's own fatherpeculation = theft of money or goods

pediment = triangular gable on a roof or faade penumbra = partial shadow in an eclipsepermeable = penetrable

philology = study of wordsplaintiff= injured person in a lawsuit

plangent = plaintive, resounding sadlypolitic = expedient, prudent, well devisedpotable = suitable for drinking

presentiment = sense of forebodingprimordial = existing at the beginning, rudimentary

pummel = beat, attackputrid = dirty, rottenquintessence = The most essential part of anything

ramshackle = dilapidated, falling to piecesratiocination = reasoning

raucous = Harsh sounding

ravenous = extremely hungryrectitude = moral uprightness

refectory = dining hallremediable = capable of being corrected

remonstrate = to protest or objectretinue = group of attendantsrococo = ornate, highly decorated

roil = to disturb or cause disordersalubrious = healthy

serenity = calm, peacefulnessserrated = toothed, with a zigzag edge

sinuous = Curving in and outslough = to discard or shed

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sluggard = lazy, inactive person

sophist = person good at arguing deviouslysophomoric = immature and overconfident

staccato = marked by abrupt, clear-cut soundssuccinct = Concisesynthetic = artificial, imitation

threnody = a sad poem or song, dirgetremulous = trembling, fearful

tundra = treeless plain found in Arctic or sub arctic regions upbraid = to scold sharplyvagrant = An idle wanderer

variegated = many-coloredvaunted = boasted, bragged

veracious = truthful, accurateverity = Truthvernal = related to spring

wrangle = loud quarrel6

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Cassette 6 Side A

abase = lower, humiliateabash= humiliate, embarrass

abdicate = give up power or positionabeyance = postponement, temporary suspension

abhor= detest, loatheabjure = renounce, to formally reject or abandonablution= cleansing, washing

abortive = unsuccessful, interruptive while incompleteabrogate = cancel, to abolish by authorityabsolve = acquit, to forgive or free from blame

abstruse = difficult to comprehendabut = touch, border on

abysmal = deficient, sub paraccede = yield, express approval, agree toacclimate = accustom oneself to a climate

acclivity = ascent, inclineaccolade = applause, praise

accost = to approach and speak to someone accouter(BRITISH = accoutre)= equipacme = summit, highest point

acquiesce = to agree, comply passivelyacrid = harsh, bitter, pungent, caustic acrimonious = caustic, bitter

actuate = induce, startacumen = sharpness of insight

adamant = insistent, uncompromising, unyieldingadduce = offer as example adjunct = addition, something added, attached, or joined

admonish = warn gently, caution, or reprimandadroit = skillful, accomplished, highly competent

adulation = applause, high praiseadvent = arrivaladventitious = accidental

aegis = that which protectsaffect = influence

affray = public brawl

agape = openmouthed, wonderaggrandize = exaggerate, to make larger or greater in power

aghast = horrifiedalacrity = swiftness, speed, cheerful willingness, eagerness

allay = to reassure; to lessen, ease, or soothe allege = assert without proofallegory = fable, symbolic representation

alliteration= repetition of the same soundallude = refer to indirectly

amenable = agreeable amiss = wrong, out of place

amity = Friendshipamorous = strongly attracted to love; showing love

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amorphous = shapeless

amortize = to diminish by installment paymentsamuck = murderous frenzy

anarchist = terroristanimadversion = critical remarkanimus = hate

annals = historical recordsapocalyptic = ominous, doomed

apoplexy = strokeappall (BRITISH = appal)= horrifyapparition = phantom

appellation = title, nameapposite = apt

apropos = Appropriatearbiter= judgearchetype = original model

argot = slangaria = operatic song

array = arrangementarroyo = gullyartifice = trick

aseptic = sterile atelier = workshop

avuncular = like an uncle azure = sky bluebadger = To pester

badinage = banter, teasing conversation

bagatelle = nonentity, trifle bandy = discuss lightlybard = poetbaroque = ornate

bask = take pleasure in, sunbauble = A trinket, trifle

beatitude = state of blissbegrudge = resent, envybeholden = in debt

bereft = deprived ofbeset = harass, surround

besmirch = slander, sullybicameral = having two legislative branchesbivouac = encampment

blase = bored with lifebode = portend

bogus = forged, falsebrackish= saltybucolic = rustic

burlesque = farcecache = hiding place

cadaverous = haggard

callow = inexperiencedcanine = pertaining to dogs

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captious = fond of finding fault in others

carafe = bottle cardinal = chief

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Cassette 6 Side B

carrion= decaying fleshcascade = small waterfall

casuistry = clever argument to trick people cauterize (BRITISH = cauterise)= to sear

chafe = abradechaste = pure, virginchasten= castigate

cipher= zerocleft = splitclique = a small group

cloven = splitcodicil = supplement to a will

cogitate = pondercognizant = awarecohere = To stick together

cohort = an associatecomport = to conduct oneself

conch= spiral shellconcordat = Agreementcondescend = patronize, talk down to, to treat someone as though you are better

condiment = seasoningcondolence = sympathy for the family or friends of a person who has recently diedconiferous = bearing cones

consort = spousecontagion = infectious agent

contingent = conditionalcontort = twistcontrovert = dispute

cordon = bond, chaincorollary = consequence

corpulent = fatcortege = processioncoruscate = sparkle

covenant = agreement, pactcrestfallen = dejected

crevice = crack

cruet = small bottle cull = pick out, select

culvert = draincurry = seek favor by flattery

cynosure = celebritydank = dampdauntless = courageous

deadpan= expressionlessdebonair = sophisticated, affable

decant = pourdecrepitude = enfeeblement

defamation = slanderdeflect = turn aside

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defray = pay

deign = condescenddelirium = mental confusion, ecstasy

delve = dig, explore (of ideas)demeanor (BRITISH = demeanour)= behaviordemented = deranged

demure = sedate, reserveddenizen = dweller

denouement = resolutiondeposition = testimonydepredation = preying on, plunder

derelict = negligentdesolate = forsaken

desuetude = disusedialectic = pertaining to debatediminution= Reduction

disconcert = confusediscretion = prudence

dishevel = mussdisinter = unearthdisinterested= Impartial

disputatious = fond of arguingdisquisition = elaborate treatise

dissolute = profligate, immoraldissonance = Discorddistrait = preoccupied, absent-minded

doggerel = poor verse

dolorous = gloomydregs = residue, riffraffdrone = speak in a monotonic voiceduenna = governess

ecclesiastical = churchlyeclat = brilliance

educe = draw forth, evokeeffete = worn outeffusion = pouring forth

elegiac = sademblazon = imprint, brand

embryonic = rudimentaryemeritus = retired, but retaining title enamored (BRITISH = enamoured)= charmed, captivated

enclave = area enclosed within another regionengross = captivate

epoch = eraescapade = adventureeviscerate = disembowel

ex officio = by virtue of positionexcision = removal

exegesis = interpretation

exigency = urgencyexiguous = scanty

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expletive = oath

extant = existingextirpate = seek out and destroy

extrude = force outfacet = aspectfactious = causing disagreement

factitious = artificialfactotum = handyman

faux pas = false step, mistakefebrile = feverish, deliriousferment = turmoil

ferret = rummage throughfervor (BRITISH = fervour)= intensity

fester = decay7

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Cassette 7 Side A

festive = joyousfete = to honor

fiat = decreefirebrand = agitator

flagellate = whipflail = whipforay = raid

fortitude = patience, couragefret = worryfritter = squander

frivolity = playfulnessfruition = realization, completion

galvanize = excite to actiongamut = rangegarnish= decorate

genealogy = ancestrygenesis = beginning

genuflect = kneel in reverenceghastly = horrible glean = gather

gnome = dwarf-like beinggorge = stuff, satiategory = bloody

grapple = struggle grisly = gruesome

guffaw= laughtergusto = Keen enjoymentguttural = throaty

haggard = gaunthalcyon = serene

hale = healthyhamper = obstructharbor (BRITISH = harbour)= give shelter, conceal

harridan = hag or an ugly old womanharry = harass

heedless = careless

hegira = a journey to a more pleasant placehibernal = wintry

histrionic = overly dramatic homily = sermon

horde = grouphortatory = inspiring good deedshovel = shanty, cabin

hoyden= tomboy, boisterous girlhubris = arrogance

hummock = knoll, moundhumus = soil

ichthyology = study of fishidyllic = natural, picturesque

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immolate = sacrifice

impale = pierceimpetus = stimulus, spark

impinge = encroach, touchimponderable = difficult to estimateimprimatur = sanction

impunity = exemption from harmimpute = charge

inalienable = that which cannot be taken awayincantation = chantincapacitate = disable

inclement = harshincriminate = accuse

incubus = nightmareineffable = inexpressible ineluctable = inescapable

infidel = nonbelieverinflux = inflow

infraction= violationinimitable = peerlessiniquitous = unjust, wicked

inopportune = untimelyinordinate = excessive

insensate = without feelinginsouciant = nonchalantinsubordinate = disobedient

integument = a covering

inveigle = lureirresolute = hesitant, uncertain

jejune = barrenjostle = push, brush against

ken = range of comprehensionknave = con man

knead = massagelacerate = tear, cutlackey = servant

laity = laymenlambent = softly radiant

lave = washlax = loose, carelesslectern = reading desk

limn = portray, describelitany = list

litotes = understatement for emphasislout = goonlupine = wolf-like

luxuriant = lushmaim = injure

manacle = shackle

marauder = plunderermasticate = chew

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matriarch = matron

maul = rough upmausoleum = tomb

mayhem= mutilationmedley = mixturemelee = riot

mellifluous = sweet soundingmenial = humble, degrading

mete = distributemiasma = toxinmien = appearance, demeanor

minion= subordinateminutiae = trivia

mire = marsh

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Cassette 7 Side B

miscegenation = intermarriage between racesmiscellany = mixture of items

modish = chic molten= melted

monolithic = large and uniformmortify = humiliatemottled = spotted

mountebank = charlatanmuffle = stifle, quietmulct = defraud

muse = pondermuster= to gather one's forces

noncommittal = neutral, circumspectnonplus = bring to a halt by confusionnubile = marriageable

nugatory = useless, worthlessoaf= awkward person

obelisk = tall column, monumentobituary = eulogyoblation = offering, sacrifice

obliquity = perversityodoriferous = pleasant odoroffal = inedible parts of a butchered animal

offertory = church collectionogle = flirt

onus = burdenopprobrium = disgraceopus = literary work of musical composition

orison = prayerpaleontologist (BRITISH = palaeontologist)= one who studies fossils

palpitate = beat, throbpandemonium = din, commotionpander = cater to people's baser instincts

pantomime = mimepapyrus = paper

paramour = lover

parapet = rampart, defenseparoxysm= outburst, convulsion

parsimonious = stingyparvenu = newcomer, social climber

passe = outmodedpastoral = rustic peculate = embezzle, steal

pedantic = bookishpell-mell = in a confused manner

penurious = stingyperegrination = wandering

perforce = by necessityperigee = point when moon is nearest to the earth

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perjury = lying

peroration = conclusion of an orationpetrify = calcify, shock

petty = trivialpetulant = irritable, peevishpicaresque = roguish, adventurous

pied = mottled, brindledpiquant = tart-tasting, spicy

platonic = nonsexualplebiscite = referendumplumb = measure

polity = methods of governmentpoltroon= coward

portend = signify, augurprate = babble preamble = introduction

preternatural = abnormalprim = formal, prudish

primogeniture = first-born childprimp = groomproboscis = snout

prod = urgeprofusion = overabundance

propellant = rocket fuelprophylactic = preventivepropound = propose

proscenium = platform, rostrum

prosody = study of poetic structureprovender = dry food, fodderproviso = stipulationpuissant = strong

purblind = obtuse, dim-sightedpurgatory = limbo, netherworld

purloin = To stealpurview= range, understandingputative = reputed

quail = shrink, cowerquaint = old-fashioned

qualms = misgivingsquarry = prey, gamequay = wharf

queasy = squeamishquip = joke

quirk = eccentricityquizzical = oddquorum = majority8

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Cassette 8 Side A

rabid = mad, furiousraiment = clothing

rankle = cause bitterness, resentmentrealm= kingdom, domain

reconnaissance = surveillancerecrimination = countercharge, retaliationrecumbent = reclining

redolent = fragrantredoubtable = formidable, steadfastredundant = repetitious

reek = smellrefraction = bending, deflection

regale = entertainremiss = Negligentremnant = residue, fragment

remorse = guiltrend = to tear apart

render = deliver, providerendezvous = a meetingrendition = version, interpretation

reparation = amends, atonementrepartee = witty conversationrepellent = causing aversion

repercussion = consequencerepine = fret

reprieve = temporary suspensionreprimand = rebukereprisal = retaliation

retaliate = revengeretribution= reprisal

reverent = respectfulreverie = daydreamrigor = harshness

rime = white frostrisible = laughable

roseate = rosy, optimistic

roster= list of people rout = vanquish

rubicund = ruddy, having healthy reddish colorruffian= brutal person, bully

rummage = huntruse = tricksacerdotal = priestly

salutary = good, wholesomesanctimonious = self-righteous

sang-froid = coolness under firesanguinary = gory, murderous

sapid = interestingsarcophagus = stone coffin

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sartorial = pertaining to clothes

sate = satisfy fullysaturnine = gloomy

satyr = demigod, goat-mansavoir-faire = tact, polishsavor (BRITISH = savour)= enjoy

scarify = criticizescurry = move briskly

scuttle = to sinksebaceous = like fatseclusion = solitude

sedulous = diligentseethe = fume, resent

semblance = likenesssenescence = old agesepulcher (BRITISH = sepulchre)= tomb

sequacious = eager to follow, ductile serried = saw-toothed

shibboleth = passwordshoal = reefshrew= virago

sidereal = pertaining to the starssinewy = fibrous, stringy

skinflint = miserskittish= excitable skullduggery (BRITISH = skulduggery)= trickery

slander= defame

sleight = dexterityslither= slidesmattering = superficial knowledgesmirk = smug look

snivel = whinesolvent = financially sound

somatic = pertaining to the bodyspasmodic = intermittentspate = sudden outpouring

spectral = ghostlysplenetic = peevish

spry = nimble spume = foamstanza = division of a poem

stoke = prod, fuelstratum = layer

stupor = lethargysub rosa = in secretsubstantiate = verify

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Cassette 8 Side B

substantive = substantialsuccor (BRITISH = succour)= help, comfort

succumb = yield, submitsuffuse = pervade, permeate

sultry = swelteringsunder = splitsundry = various

supernumerary = subordinatesuture = surgical stitchsylvan = rustic

tantalize = teasetaper = candle

tarn = small laketarry = lingertaurine = bull-like

taut = tight, stretchedtemperate = moderate

tempo = speedtentative = provisionaltenure = status given after a period of time

terrapin = turtle testy = petulantthespian = actor

throes = anguishthrong = crowd

timbre = tonal quality, resonanceTitanic = hugetithe = donate one-tenth

titular = in name only, figureheadtocsin = alarm bell, signal

touchstone = standardtraduce = slandertravail = work, drudgery

tribunal = courttroglodyte = cave dweller

truckle = yield

tutelage = guardianshiptyranny = oppression

unassuming = modestuncouth = uncultured, crude

undulate = surge, fluctuateuniformity = samenessunsavory (BRITISH = unsavoury)= distasteful, offensive

unscathed = unhurtunseemly = unbecoming, improper

untenable = cannot be achievedursine = bear-like

uxorious = a doting husbandvagary = whim

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vainglorious = conceited

valor (BRITISH = valour)= braveryvanguard = leading position

vassal = subjectvehement = adamantveneer = false front, faade

venial = excusable venturesome = bold, risky

viand = foodvictuals = foodvisage = facial expression

viscid = thick, gummyvitreous = glassy

vituperative = abusivevotary = fan, aficionadovouchsafe = confer, bestow

vulpine = fox-likewaggish = playful

wastrel = spendthriftwaylay = ambushwean = remove from nursing, break a habit

wheedle = coaxwhimsical = capricious

wince = cringewinnow = separate wither = shrivel

wont = custom

wrath = anger, furywreak = inflictwrest = snatchwrithe = contort

yen = desireyore = long ago9

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Cassette 9 Side A

aberration = different from normal or usualabettor= encourager

abnegation = repudiation, self-sacrificeabominate = to hate

abrade = to rub off a surfaceabstemious = Characterized by self denial or abstinenceaccretion = grow in size or increase in amount

acerbity = bitterness of speech or temperacetic = related to vinegaracidulous = sour in taste or manner

acquiescence = Passive consentacquittal = release from blame (as by a court)

actuarial = calculatingacuity = sharpnessaddiction = compulsive, habitual need

addle = To make inefficient or unable to thinkadjuration = solemn urging

adjure = to request solemnlyadmonition = Genteelly point out mistakeagility = nimbleness

agitation = excitement, uneasinessalimentary = supplying nourishmentallure = appeal, attract

allusion = indirect referencealluvial = soil deposits left by rivers

amalgamate = To mix or join together to become oneamazon = female warriorambrosia = food of the Greek gods that provided immortal youth & beauty, anything sweet

and pleasing

andirons = metal supports in a fireplaceanneal = to gradually heat and cool in order to soften, reduce brittleness

annuity = An annual payment or incomeantecede = To precedeanthropoid = manlike

apiary = A place where bees are keptapogee = The climax

apothecary = One who keeps drugs for sale and puts up prescriptions appurtenances = subordinate possessionsaquiline = like an eagle, bent, booked, curved

arcade = a roofed passage between shops archaeology = the study of ancient cultures by looking for and examining their buildings,

toolsaromatic = fragrant

arrant = Notoriously badasceticism = doctrine of self-denial

assessment = estimationastronomical = enormously large or extensive

athwart = across, oppositionaureole = sun's corona, haloauroral = pertaining to the aurora borealis

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auscultation = act of listening to the heart or lungs to discover abnormalities

austerity = quality of being self disciplinedbaffle = to frustrate or unable to understand

bandanna = large, bright-colored handkerchiefbarb = sharp projection from fishhookbarrage = a lot of questions or criticism

barter= to give in exchange rather than paying moneybassoon = reed instrument of the woodwind family

bate = let down, restrainbawdy = indecent, obscenebedizen = dress with vulgar finery

bedraggle = wet thoroughlybefuddle = confuse thoroughly

behoove = to be fit, to be rightbenignant = Benevolent in feeling, characterbereavement = state of being deprived of something valuable or beloved

bete noire = aversionbetrothal = Engagement to marry

bibulous = Fond of drinkingbigotry = discrimination, prejudiceblasphemous = profane, impious

blazon = print or decorate something in a very noticeable wayblurt = to say something suddenly and without thinking, especially when you are excited or

nervousboorish= Rude

bouillon = clear beef soupBowdlerize = To expurgate in editing

braggadocio = someone who boastsbrazier= An open pan or basin for holding live coals brindled= tawny or grayish with streaks or spots

brittle = Fragile brocade = rich, gaudy fabric

brooch = a piece of jewelry for women which is fastened onto clothes with a pin buffoonery = coarse jokes, etcbugaboo = bugbear, object of baseless terror

bumptious = full of offensive self-conceitbungle = to do something wrong in a very careless or stupid way

buskin = thick-soled half boot worn by actors of Greek tragedy

buxom= plump, vigorous, jollycameo = when someone famous appears for a short time in a film or play

canker = any ulcerous sore, any evilcanto = part of an extended poem

caparison = showy harnesser, ornamentation for a horsecaprice = A whimcarillon = a set of bells capable of being played

carmine = rich redcarousal = To drink deeply and in boisterous or jovial manner

carte blanche = complete freedom to do what you wantcaryatid = sculptured column of a female figure

caste = one of the hereditary classes in Hindu societycatapult = slingshot

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catechism= book for religious instruction

censor = to prohibit publication by lawcentaur = mythical figure, half man and half horse

cerebration = thoughtchaff= worthless products of an endeavorchasm= a long, deep, narrow hole in rock or ice

chiropodist = one who treats disorders of the feetchivalrous = courteous to ladies

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Cassette 9 Side B

ciliated= having minute hairs, one-celled animalcirclet = small ring, band

clangor (BRITISH = clangour)= loud, resounding noiseclarion= shrill, trumpet like sound

clavicle = collarboneclimactic = relating to the highest pointclime = region, climate

coadjutor= assistant, colleaguecockade = decoration worn on hatcoeval = living at the same time as contemporary

cog = a spoke in a wheel, a small and unimportant person cohesion = consistency

colander= utensil with perforated bottom used for strainingcollage = a picture made by sticking small pieces of paper or other materials collier= worker in coal mine, ship carrying coal

colossal = hugecomely = a woman who is attractive in appearance

comestible = something fit to be eatencomeuppance = rebuke, one's deserved fate or punishmentcomity = courteousness, civility

conclave = private meetingcondign = adequate, deservedly severeconnivance = pretence of ignorance of something wrong, assistance or permission to offend

connubial = related to marriage or matrimonycormorant = greedy, rapacious bird

cornice = a decorative border around the walls of a room close to the ceiling corsair = pirate shipcovetous = very desirous of something, avaricious, greedy

coy = shy, modestcozen = cheat, hoodwink, swindle

crabbed = sour, peevishcredo = a set of beliefscrepuscular = pertaining to twilight

crone = hagcrotchet = a fancy, a whim, an eccentricity

cul-de-sac = a blind alley, a trap

dappled = spotteddastard = A base coward

daub = to paint carelessly, to smeardawdle = to waste time by trifling, to move slowly

debenture = bond issued to secure a loandecollete = having a low-necked dressdecrepit = Enfeebled, as by old age or some chronic inf irmity

deducible = derived by reasoningdefalcate = to misuse money put in trust

defection = desertiondeify = To regard as a god

deliquescent = capable of absorbing moisture from air and becoming liquiddelusion = Mistaken conviction

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delusive = deceptive, raising vain hopes

demesne = domaindemolition = destruction

demoniacal = related to evil spirits, devilishdenotation = the exact literary meaning of a word, designation, definitiondepilate = remove hair

derision = Ridicule dermatologist = one who studies the skin and its diseases

descant = discuss fullydesideratum = that which is desireddespoil = to bereave, rob, plunder, strip of possessions

despotism = Any severe and strict rule detergent = cleansing agent

detonation = explosiondevolve = to roll down, to hand downdiadem= crown

dint = means, effortdipsomaniac = a person having an uncontrollable desire for alcohol, inebriate

disapprobation = rejection, disapprovaldisavowal = Denialdishabille = in a state of undress

dishearten = discourage, lose spiritdismember = cut into small parts

disport = amusedissuasion = advise againstdivergent = Tending in different directions

divination = The forecast of future events or discovery of what is lost or hidden

docket = a list of cases to be dealt withdoddering = shaky, infirm from old agedoff= take offdorsal = belonging to the back side, posterior, tail

douse = to plunge into water, to extinguishdowdy = slovenly, untidy

drudgery = Hard and constant work in any dull occupationdurance = confinementeclipse = The obstruction of Sun by moon, or of moon by earth

eerie = weirdefflorescent = opening in flower

elusory = tending to deceive expectationselysian = relating to paradise, blissfulemanate = to express a feeling or quality through the way one looks

emendation = corrections of errorsemetic = a medicine that causes vomiting

emolument = salary or fees for a job, remuneration, pay scale empyreal = celestial, fieryencomiastic = praising, eulogistic

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