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Caterpillar’s Large Power SystemsSolutions for Diverse Requirements

David FrohbergChief EngineerCaterpillar, IncApril 12, 2018

Caterpillar: Confidential Green

Why Consider Natural Gas Standby/Load Management Power?

• Resiliency• Sustainability• Reduced Costs• Flexibility/Independence

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Utility Demand Response with Increased Usage of Renewables

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• Natural gas…plentiful, clean burning, lower CO2impact

• No on site storage of diesel fuel

• Emission compliance with little or no aftertreatment

Sustainability

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• Gas CapEx is typically 1.5 – 2X of emergency diesel

• Gas CapEx similar to non-emergency use diesel

Diesel vs Gas CapEx

Diesel Gas Diesel Gas

Emergency Use Non-Emergency Use

CA

P E

X (

$)

CA

P E

X (

$)6

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• Fewer maintenance intervals with gas

• Gas fuel consumption better than diesel

• Fuel cost in favor of natural gas

Lower OpEx with Natural Gas

Assumptions

Diesel: $2.50/gal

Gas: $4/MMBTU

$ / k

W-h

r

0

0,05

0,1

0,15

0,2

0,25

Diesel Gas

Operational Expense

Fuel O&M

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UTILITYLife Safety

CBATS

Legally Required

Standby

Optional Standby

Systems

≤10Equipment Protecting

People Leaving a Building

Equipment Aiding Rescue Workers

& Mandatory Building Functions

Does Not Protect People,

Protects Business

NFPA 110 Level 1 Type 10

NFPA 110 Level 1 Type 60

Natural Gas for Standby

CBATS

CBATS

Without PowerSeconds

Unregulated Time

≤60Without Power

Seconds

Without Power

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Gas Genset Built for Fast Starting

Eng Op State

Eng Spd

Nominal Startup Time to 1800rpm = 6.5s

0.4s to start crank

2.1s to crank

4.0s to accelerate

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Gas Genset Starting Video

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Gas Genset Built For Transient Performance

250,0

300,0

350,0

400,0

450,0

500,0

550,0

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50

Vol

tage

(V

)

Time (sec)

Diesel vs Traditional Gas vs Standby Gas Volt. Recovery – 75% Load Step

Traditional Gas

Gas Standby

Diesel Standby38% Dip33% Dip

28% Dip

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• Select best thermodynamic cycle

• Design focus on speed acceleration

• Fast start fuel system and air fuel ratio control

• Transient air fuel ratio control

Gas Genset Built For Transient Performance

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Energy Independence – Caterpillar Microgrid Solutions

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