CATs PRODUCTION CONCEPT AND MDI’S BUSINESS MODEL

CATs PRODUCTION CATs PRODUCTION

CONCEPTCONCEPT

AND MDI’S BUSINESS AND MDI’S BUSINESS MODELMODEL

THE REVERSED GLOBALIZATIONTHE REVERSED GLOBALIZATION OR OR

HOW TO THINK GLOBALLY AND ACT LOCALLYHOW TO THINK GLOBALLY AND ACT LOCALLY

80 % of the car is80 % of the car is manufactured locally and soldmanufactured locally and sold in in the same location.the same location.

MDI creates the MDI creates the “Dealer/Manufacturer/Partner”“Dealer/Manufacturer/Partner” concept concept

Instead of a unique massive production plant located Instead of a unique massive production plant located in a single placein a single place the MDI production concept is based the MDI production concept is based on many small turnkey units spread around the world.on many small turnkey units spread around the world.

CLASSICAL WAY OF PRODUCING AND EXPORTING CARSCLASSICAL WAY OF PRODUCING AND EXPORTING CARS

A unique massive A unique massive production plant…production plant…

CONVENTIONAL METHOD OF MANUFACTURING AND CONVENTIONAL METHOD OF MANUFACTURING AND EXPORTING CARSEXPORTING CARS


……Massive plant in a specific location , Massive plant in a specific location , cars cars sent to distributors in various sent to distributors in various

countries..countries..

……then to local dealers.then to local dealers.


MDI PRODUCTION CONCEPTMDI PRODUCTION CONCEPT

SSmall mall productionproduction units units spread around the world…spread around the world…

MDI PRODUCTION CONCEPTMDI PRODUCTION CONCEPT

.. manufacturing and .. manufacturing and selling cars locally. selling cars locally.

ADVANTAGES OF THE CONCEPTADVANTAGES OF THE CONCEPTACTUAL LOGISTICSACTUAL LOGISTICS

PRODUCTION PARTS PRODUCT BUILT UP

Raw materialsRaw materialsSingle Single parts parts outsourcersoutsourcers

Sub-componentsSub-componentsoutsourcers outsourcers

ComponentComponentss

outsourcersoutsourcers

CAR MANUFATURER

TRANSPORT







CAR MANUFATURER

Platforms and Platforms and terminalsterminals

PP

T T

DistributorDistributorss

DealersDealers

Customers



Raw materialRaw materialSingle Single parts parts outsourcersoutsourcers




CAR MANUFATURER


PP

T T


DealersDealers

Customers

PP

T T

TRAINS






CAR MANUFATURER


PP

T T


DealersDealers

Customers

PP

T T

PP

T T

PP

T T


BOATS CO2







CAR MANUFATURER


PP

T T


DealersDealers

Customers

PP

T T

PP

T T

PP

T T

TRUCKS CO2

PP

T T

ADVANTAGES OF THE CONCEPTADVANTAGES OF THE CONCEPTMDI CONCEPT SIMPLIFIES LOGISTICSMDI CONCEPT SIMPLIFIES LOGISTICS






CAR MANUFATURER


PP

T T


DealersDealers

Customers

PP

T T

PP

T T

PP

T T

SIMPLIFICATION OF LOGISTICS

• NO DISTRIBUTORS

XXXXXX

• NO INTERMEDIATES STOCKS

XXX X

• LESS OUTSOURCERS:SINCE 80% OF THE CAR IS PRODUCED LOCALLY

XX

XX X

X

XX

XX

XX

XXX

• UNIQUE PLANT REPLACED BY MDI TURNKEY UNITS

X






Customers

SIMPLIFICATION OF LOGISTICS

MDI MDI PLANTSPLANTS

THE OUTSOURCERS ARE CHOSEN IN VIEW TO REDUCE

COSTS, LOGISTICS AND TRANSPORT.

EVERY PURCHASE IS MADE THROUGH THE MDI

PURCHASING CENTRE


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MDI MDI PLANTSPLANTS

MD

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ESConsidering the total Considering the total

number of MDI turnkey units number of MDI turnkey units needed to produce the same needed to produce the same

amount of cars as in a amount of cars as in a conventional car conventional car

manufacturer’s plantmanufacturer’s plant,, the the estimated gain is around:estimated gain is around:

• % less logistic cost% less logistic cost..

• % less of CO% less of CO22 emission due to emission due to transportation and production.transportation and production.

OnlyOnly 1/3rd1/3rd of theof the land surfaceland surface is necessary with the MDI conceptis necessary with the MDI concept

ADVANTAGES OF THE CONCEPTADVANTAGES OF THE CONCEPT

Classic plant Classic plant (Renault Flin)(Renault Flin) MDI production MDI production conceptconcept

Production : 375 000 cars 7 500 cars 375 000 cars

1 PLANT 50 PLANTS

OnlyOnly 1/4th1/4th of theof the Plant surfacePlant surface is necessary with the MDI conceptis necessary with the MDI concept

30% more 30% more workforceworkforce are employed with are employed with thethe MDI concept MDI conceptOnly Only 1/5th1/5th of theof the investmentinvestment is required with the MDI conceptis required with the MDI concept

Land surface : 2 370 000 m² 15 000 m² 750 000 m² Plant surface : 880 000 m² 4 350 m² 217 500 m²

Workforce (2 shifts) : 4 650 - 120 - 6 000 - Total investment : 3 000 M€ 12 M€ 600 M€

FROM AN ECOLOGICAL POINT OF VIEW FROM AN ECOLOGICAL POINT OF VIEW


• Only 1/3rd of the surface is necessaryOnly 1/3rd of the surface is necessary• Better repartition of the energy needed for the productionBetter repartition of the energy needed for the production• No emissions due to the transport of the finished carsNo emissions due to the transport of the finished cars

ECONOMICAL ASPECTSECONOMICAL ASPECTS• Money stays in the country Money stays in the country no need for a strong currency no need for a strong currency• Local employmentLocal employment no population transfer no population transfer• Distribution of knowledge and Distribution of knowledge and KKnow hownow how

QUALITY QUALITY

MARKETING MARKETING

COSTS COSTS

• One car each ½ hour One car each ½ hour Careful production Careful production Quality Quality • Use of beUse of best st techniques non comparable with massive techniques non comparable with massive productionproduction

• Customer buys locally manufactured cars (Customer buys locally manufactured cars (government)government)• Less import taxes (very high in some countries).Less import taxes (very high in some countries).

• Small infrastructures to manage.Small infrastructures to manage.• Logistic expenses drastically reducedLogistic expenses drastically reduced• No spare parts stocks No spare parts stocks parts produced « after time » when parts produced « after time » when neededneeded• MDI production concept helps to decrease productions costsMDI production concept helps to decrease productions costs


CONVENTIONAL CARCONVENTIONAL CAR MDI CATs CARMDI CATs CAR

SELLING PRICE / COST ANALYSISSELLING PRICE / COST ANALYSIS



AmortizationAmortization 4% 4% AmortizationAmortization2%2%

Plant, machinery etc… Plant, machinery etc…




AmortizationAmortization 4% 4% AmortizationAmortization2%2%PurchasesPurchases 3232%% PurchasesPurchases

2288%%


Through MDI purchasing centre Higher integration of internal production

Through various dealers



AmortizationAmortization 4% 4% AmortizationAmortization2%2%PurchasesPurchases 32 32%% PurchasesPurchases

2288%%Production costsProduction costs 11% 11% Production costs Production costs 6%6%Labour, Overheads, etLabour, Overheads, etcc……

Heavy production methodHeavy production method

Integrated services Integrated services

Labour transportLabour transport HospitalHospital Security servicesSecurity services BanksBanks


Labour, Overheads, etLabour, Overheads, etcc……

Simple production techniquesSimple production techniques

Uses of existing public facilitiesUses of existing public facilities


ADVANTAGES OF THE CONCEPTADVANTAGES OF THE CONCEPTSELLING PRICE / COST ANALYSISSELLING PRICE / COST ANALYSIS


2288%%Production costsProduction costs 11% 11% Production costs Production costs 6%6%

R & D R & D 5% 5% Licence feeLicence fee 10%10% R & D International Motor shows World wide advertising Commercial strategic offices Marketing resources Dividends



AmortizationAmortization 4% 4% AmortizationAmortization2%2%PurchasesPurchases 3232%% PurchasesPurchases

2288%% Production costs Production costs 11% 11% Production costs Production costs 6%6%

R & D R & D 5%5% Licence fee Licence fee 10%10%

LogisticLogistic 8 8%% Logistic Logistic 11%% Raw materials transport and delivery Parts suppliers delivery Care during transport Car park Transport of cars to terminals Transport of cars to dealers Preparation before selling the car (cleaning) Fixing damages during transport (10% of the total production)

Raw materials transport and delivery Parts suppliers delivery







LogisticLogistic 8 8%% Logistic Logistic 11%%

Commercial costsCommercial costs 18% 18% Commercial costs Commercial costs 7%7% International Motor shows World wide advertising Commercial strategic offices Marketing resources

Local advertising Salesmen salaries Commissions








Commercial costsCommercial costs 18% 18% Commercial costs Commercial costs 7%7%

Dealers commission 18Dealers commission 18%%









Dealer commission 18Dealer commission 18%%

OverheadsOverheads 4%4% OverheadsOverheads 88%%









Dealers commission 18Dealers commission 18%%

OverheadsOverheads 4%4% OverheadsOverheads 88%%

Gross marginGross margin 2% 2% Gross Gross marginmargin


38%38%


Gross marginGross margin 38%38%

THIS RESULT IS POSSIBLE BECAUSE OF THE THIS RESULT IS POSSIBLE BECAUSE OF THE EXISTING MARKET PRICESEXISTING MARKET PRICES


HOW DOES THE CONCEPT WORK ?HOW DOES THE CONCEPT WORK ?

NUMBER OF TURNKEY UNITS PER COUNTRYNUMBER OF TURNKEY UNITS PER COUNTRY

Each turnkey unit is planeEach turnkey unit is planedd to fit in a specific area that will to fit in a specific area that will absorb absorb the productionthe production

Factors taken into account:Factors taken into account:

• The The actual marketactual market (number of new and used cars) (number of new and used cars)

• A targeted A targeted potential market for MDIpotential market for MDI (around 1%) (around 1%)

• The number of The number of people in urban areapeople in urban area

• The The GDPGDP of the country of the country

For example: FranceFor example: France


NUMBER OF TURNKEY UNITS PER COUNTRYNUMBER OF TURNKEY UNITS PER COUNTRY

21 production plants21 production plants

can be owned by variouscan be owned by various

« « Dealers/Manufacturers/PartnerDealers/Manufacturers/Partner

ss » »(For example 7 partners)(For example 7 partners)

11 – – 22 – – 33 – – 44 – – 55 – – 66 – – 77

whom together with MDI are whom together with MDI are shareholders of the shareholders of the

companycompany

«MDI France»«MDI France» Managed by Managed by MDIMDI


The “MDI Country” companyThe “MDI Country” company

If several If several « « Dealers/Manufacturers/PartnersDealers/Manufacturers/Partners » » own the own the various production plants of a country, the various production plants of a country, the « MDI country »« MDI country » company will:company will:

This company does not earn any profitThis company does not earn any profit

Manage the relationship and competitionManage the relationship and competition between between the plants inside the country and with foreign the plants inside the country and with foreign « « Dealers/Manufacturers/PartnersDealers/Manufacturers/Partners » » through a share through a share holders agreementholders agreement

Coordinate huge fleetCoordinate huge fleet contracts contracts from big from big companies or administration of the country, for a fair companies or administration of the country, for a fair distribution of special orders amongst the various distribution of special orders amongst the various factories.factories. Own license(s) and the know howOwn license(s) and the know how

Make theMake the link with the MDI centre of purchases link with the MDI centre of purchases

Manage solidarity between its share holders Manage solidarity between its share holders in in case of a case of a « « force majeureforce majeure » »


A PURCHASING CENTREA PURCHASING CENTRE

To obtain the benefit of To obtain the benefit of costs reduction due to bulk costs reduction due to bulk purchasepurchase the « purchase centre the « purchase centre » » will directly deal with will directly deal with them for all the turnkey unitsthem for all the turnkey units..

All the All the « Dealers/Manufacturers/Partners »« Dealers/Manufacturers/Partners » will have will have shares in the purchase centre, to have the possibility to shares in the purchase centre, to have the possibility to controlcontrol that that prices negotiated with outsourcersprices negotiated with outsourcers applies to applies to them.them.

UsingUsing the network of all the turnkey units, new the network of all the turnkey units, new outsourcers with lower prices will be identifiedoutsourcers with lower prices will be identified and and purchasing cost will be decreased even more.purchasing cost will be decreased even more.


AQUIRING AN MDI TURNKEY UNITAQUIRING AN MDI TURNKEY UNIT

Acquiring an MDAcquiring an MDII turnkey unit is a partnership that: turnkey unit is a partnership that:

participate toparticipate to finance the developmentfinance the development of of MDIMDI products products

give the possibility to the give the possibility to the « Dealers/Manufacturers/Partners » to earn very « Dealers/Manufacturers/Partners » to earn very interesting interesting financial marginfinancial marginss helps thelps too fight against pollutionfight against pollution

The acquisition is made through The acquisition is made through fourfour steps steps


FOUR STEPS TO ACQUIRE THE LICENSEFOUR STEPS TO ACQUIRE THE LICENSE

On the execution date a On the execution date a down payment of 2.5%down payment of 2.5% of the of the total investment is required. total investment is required.

This down payment This down payment freezes the territoryfreezes the territory defined for the defined for the turnkey unit and stops MDI froturnkey unit and stops MDI from m dealing with other parties dealing with other parties with regards to that specific area with regards to that specific area Beginning of a real Beginning of a real partnershippartnership ExclusivityExclusivity for the defined area for the defined area As a result of the partnership, the plant’s margin will be As a result of the partnership, the plant’s margin will be divided into divided into 75% for the 75% for the « Dealers/Manufacturers/Partners » and 25% for MDI« Dealers/Manufacturers/Partners » and 25% for MDI (through licence fee)(through licence fee). . This proportion will change to This proportion will change to MDI’s advantage for the contract MDI’s advantage for the contract signed after the beginning of car signed after the beginning of car production. production.

1) Execution of the « option and cooperation » 1) Execution of the « option and cooperation » agreementagreement


FOUR STEPS TO ACQUIRE THE LICENCEFOUR STEPS TO ACQUIRE THE LICENCE

On the execution date a On the execution date a payment of payment of 8.38.3%% of the total of the total investment is requiredinvestment is required

This step will occur as soon as the This step will occur as soon as the cars fit the cars fit the specificationsspecifications defined by MDI and defined by MDI and is ready to be produced is ready to be produced

22) Execution of the « ) Execution of the « Licence agreementLicence agreement » »



3) Beginning of the production in Carros3) Beginning of the production in Carros

Production starts in Carros , the rest of the amount Production starts in Carros , the rest of the amount falls due falls due

At that stage a At that stage a timeframe for building the factorytimeframe for building the factory and a and a payment schedule for the turnkey unitpayment schedule for the turnkey unit will be defined will be defined



44) Building the turnkey unit) Building the turnkey unit

The The payment for this phasepayment for this phase is made in accordance with is made in accordance with the schedule agreed in step 3 and the schedule agreed in step 3 and can be financed (up to can be financed (up to 70%) by MDI70%) by MDI

A A training periodtraining period for the foremen is organized in for the foremen is organized in CCarros arros

The The plant plant is is built upbuilt up

The The tooling system and the machinerytooling system and the machinery are delivered are delivered

WHICH PRODUCTS ARE CONCERNED BY MDI’SWHICH PRODUCTS ARE CONCERNED BY MDI’S PRODUCTION CONCEPT ?PRODUCTION CONCEPT ?

Others MDI products can be licensed on the basis of one unique Others MDI products can be licensed on the basis of one unique licenselicense for a country (i.e. Tow tractors, generators etc…) in for a country (i.e. Tow tractors, generators etc…) in countries with less than 100.000.000 peoples.countries with less than 100.000.000 peoples.

MiniCATs and CityCATs, OneCATs, MultiCATsMiniCATs and CityCATs, OneCATs, MultiCATs

MDI IN INDIAMDI IN INDIA

TATA MOTORS TATA MOTORS IS THE EXCLUSIVE LICENCED FOR INDIAIS THE EXCLUSIVE LICENCED FOR INDIA

MDI IN INDIAMDI IN INDIA

TATA MOTORS TATA MOTORS IS THE EXCLUSIVE LICENCEE FOR INDIAIS THE EXCLUSIVE LICENCEE FOR INDIA

« Tata Motors, in keeping with its role as the leading company in India for automotive R&D, has signed an agreement, in yet another exciting engineering and development effort, with MDI of France for application in India of MDI’s path-breaking technology for engines powered by air – which may be the ultimate environment-friendly engine yet. Besides, the engine is efficient, cost-effective, scalable, and capable of other applications like power generation.

The agreement between Tata Motors and MDI envisages application and licensing of the technology for all the products in India. »

Extract of Press release 25th January 2007

THANK YOU FOR YOUR THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTIONATTENTION

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