CBRN mobile lab in Italy-presentation

CBRN mobile laboratories in Italy

Giorgio MariItalian National Institute for Safety and Health (ISPESL), via Urbana 167, Roma, [email protected] tel. +39 06 9789 3307

Giampaolo Giraudi, Mariarosa Bellino, Michele Pazienza7° NBC Regiment, Italian Army, largo Acquaroni 24, Civitavecchia (RM), Italy

Claudio Garibaldi Department of Fire and Rescue Service and Civil Defense, Fire Department of Rome, NBCR, via Genova 3A, Roma, Italy

Corrado LanciaBiotrace Microsafe, via Aurora 27, Fonte Nuova (RM), Italy

SPIE Defense, Security + Sensing, 13 – 17 April 2009, Orlando USA



Unconventional (NBC) terrorism threat in Rome

Symbolic importance of the town

Religious events

Political events

Sportive events



Sampling and approach to the laboratory.(Standard NBC procedures)



Main data of the mobile laboratories



ITALIAN ARMY MOBILE LABORATORY









Technical area

- Air-conditioner

- Hepa and carbon filters

- Electrical panel



The shelter architecture*:

- Technical Area (Pos.1)

- Dressing room (Pos.2)

- Decontamination room (Pos.3)

- Laboratory room (Pos.4)















ROOM PRESSURE CRITERIA

POTENTIALLY CONTAMINATED AREA



Laboratory in a safe area:- Internal pressure below atmospheric- Dispersion of biological/chemical agent is prevented- Environment is favourite- Fire Brigades (always) and Army (standard situation)



Laboratory in a potentially contaminated area:- Internal pressure above atmospheric- Penetration of biological/chemical agent from outside is prevented- Safety of operators is favourite- Army (emergency situation)



TECHNICAL SOLUTIONS WHICH ALLOW THE PRESERVATION OF THE SAFETY OF THE LAB OPERATORS AND OF THE EXTERNAL

ENVIRONMENT AT THE SAME TIME

1.The laboratory shelter is constructed with a complete tightness in order to prevent any possible leak.2.There is an air filtration system for both air inlet and air outlet. The filtration includes both particulate (so called HEPA filter, High Efficiency Particulate Airborne) and chemical (activated carbon filter).3.There is no contact between the team responsible for collecting samples (wearing scafander) and the laboratory personnel. The ingress of the samples is done in a safe way through a pass box and the samples are delivered directly inside the isolator4.The internal pressure of the isolator is always below the pressure of the room.



PASS BOX FOR THE SAMPLES INGRESS



PASS BOX FOR THE SAMPLES INGRESS



ISOLATOR – GENERAL CONCEPT



ISOLATOR WITH “NEGATIVE PRESSURE SYSTEM



“NEGATIVE PRESSURE” effectiveness tests

0.5 m/s minimum velocity of air inlet in the glove hole



AIR FILTERS



AIR FILTERS SAFE REPLACEMENT



Cleaning Systems



Cleaning Systems





CONTAINERS FOR MATERIALS TRANSFER

Rapid Transport Port (RTP)ISO 11933 - 3







1. approach1. approach 2. connection

isolator

glove

container



Rapid Transport Port (RTP)

3. door opening3. door opening 4. sample transfer



Rapid Transport Port (RTP)exterior surfaces are mainteined

uncontaminated

CLE

AN

CLE

AN

5. door closing5. door closing 6. disconnection



tubular film for disposal



tubular film for disposal



BIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS AN DETECTION

According to the STANAG 4632 ed.1 “Deployable NBC analytical laboratory” (STAndard Nato AGreement), inside the biological lab of the Italian Army, the biological detection is performed with two different techniques:

DNA identification by Real-time PCR (polymerase chain reaction) (virus, bacteria)

Antigen identification by Immunological and elettrochemiluminescent detection (virus, bacteria and toxin)



Real Time -PCR

Real-time PCR (polymerase chain reaction) is a laboratory technique based on the polymerase chain reaction, which is used to amplify and simultaneously quantify a targeted DNA molecule that is typical of the requested agent. Through this method the operator can follow the reaction while the amplification is still in progress using fluorescent probes. The fluorescence is measured in real time by a LED as it is released in response to a specific radiation from the source light generated in the thermocycler.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laboratory_technique

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polymerase_chain_reaction

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA



BL2 area - Real Time PCR



IMMUNOLOGICAL DETECTION

The method is based on immunological reaction (antigen-antibody) with electrochemiluminescent detection.

The antibody is linked to a chemiluminescent label (marker). If there is the reaction antigen/antibody the complex is excited by an electrode and emits a measurable light.



SAMPLING TEAM

MOBILE LABORATORY

WASTES TO BE DISPOSED

- ALIQUOTATION- SAMPLES PREPARATION FOR PCR

IMMUNOLOGICAL DETECTION

AUTOCLAVE

PCR

BL 3 BL 2

MATERIAL/WORK FLOW



CHEMICAL ANALYSIS

GC-MS (gas chromatography–mass spectrometry system)



RADIOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT

The mobile laboratory (fire brigades) has a high purity Germanium (HPGe) detector cooled in a cryostat with liquid nitrogen, which is usually kept in a front-opening lead-lined container for the storage of Marinelli beakers. The detector is linked to an Ortec DigiDART 16k multichannel analyzer that can interface with a laptop PC. The softwares used are: ScintiVision-32 Gamma-Ray Analysis with NaI and GammaVision-32 Gamma-Ray Analysis with HPGe. The DigiDART can be used, if necessary, directly in the field and independently of the shelter, with battery autonomy of up to 9 hours.For drinking water and general liquid analysis there is an LSC (Liquid Scintillation Counter) Hidex mod Triathler with Beta and Alpha Counter, Gamma Counter and Luminometer functions.



Others lab accessories

Refrigerator

Refrigerated Centrifuge

autoclave

hood

THANK YOU !

[email protected]. +39 06 9789 3307


mailto:[email protected]

Documents

CBRN mobile lab in Italy-presentation