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www.cityclimateleadershipawards.com
City Climate Leadership Awards by
Application Guide 2014
CITY CLIMATELEADERSHIPAWARDS 2014
2 | AWARDS 2014 GUIDING PRINCIPLES
2014 APPLICATION GUIDE
AAbboouutt tthhee CCiittyy CClliimmaattee LLeeaaddeerrsshhiipp AAwwaarrddss .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 33 Organisers ....................................................................................................................................... 3 Purpose of the City Climate Leadership Awards ............................................................................. 3 Award Categories ............................................................................................................................ 4
NNoommiinnaattiioonn PPrroocceessss ((22001144)) .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 77 Rules and Eligibility ............................................................................................................ 7
Which cities can be nominated for Awards 2014? ........................................................... 7 Who can submit applications? ........................................................................................ 7
AAwwaarrddss AAsssseessssmmeenntt && SSeelleeccttiioonn PPrroocceessss .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 88 Awards Jury ....................................................................................................................... 8 Awards Assessment Criteria ............................................................................................. 8
HHooww ttoo aappppllyy?? .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 1100 Complete The Application ................................................................................................ 10Important Deadlines ........................................................................................................ 10
AApppplliiccaattiioonn SSuummmmaarryy .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 1111
TTeerrmmss aanndd ccoonnddiittiioonnss .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 1122
FFrreeqquueennttllyy AAsskkeedd QQuueessttiioonnss ((FFAAQQ)) .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 1122 Eligibility .......................................................................................................................... 12 Filling out the application form ........................................................................................ 12 Timeline ........................................................................................................................... 13 City Climate Leadership Award Conference and Ceremony .............................................. 13 Terms and conditions ....................................................................................................... 13
Useful terms ..................................................................................................................... 14
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About the City Climate Leadership Awards The C40 & Siemens City Climate Leadership Awards provides global recognition to cities that are demonstrating climate action leadership.
The Awards program aims to:
• Ensure that cities demonstrating true leadership in addressing climate change are globally recognized• Enhance knowledge exchange between C40 Cities and beyond• Enable dialogue on global scale and networking opportunities
For the 2013 inaugural Awards, projects from around the world were nominated. 29 cities representing a total of 37 projects across the 10 categories were shortlisted as finalists. The ten winners were announced in September 2013 at the Crystal in London. In a series of workshops, participants shared lessons from all initiatives profiled by the 29 shortlisted cities.
The 2014 C40 and Siemens City Climate Leadership Awards was launched in January 2014 and the winners will be announced in September 2014. The second edition of this world-wide awards programme specifically aims to reward best practices not only from well recognized leaders, but also hidden champions and less known innovators.
The 2014 Cities Climate Leadership Awards will give cities:
• Prestigious recognition at the C40 & Siemens Awards Ceremony in September 2014 attended by Mayors, senior cityofficials, and international climate leaders.
• Extensive global media coverage for the cites and their projects (2013 coverage)
• A report for each winning city featuring the winning project and city’s environmental highlights • All winning projects will be displayed in the world’s largest sustainable cities exhibition in the Crystal in London
(thecrystal.org), visited by more than 100.000 visitors in a year
Organisers
The C40 Cities Climate Leadership Group (C40) is a network of large and engaged cities from around the world committed to implementing meaningful and sustainable climate-related actions locally that will help address climate change globally. C40 was established in 2005 and expanded via a partnership in 2006 with President William J. Clinton’s Climate Initiative (CCI). The current chair of the C40 is Rio Mayor Eduardo Paes and former New York City Mayor Michael R. Bloomberg is President of the Board. To learn more about the work of C40 and our Cities, please visit www.c40.org, follow us on Twitter @c40cities and like us on Facebook at http://www.facebook.com/C40Cities.
The Siemens Infrastructure & Cities Sector (Munich, Germany), with approximately 90,000 employees, focuses on sustainable technologies for metropolitan areas and their infrastructures. Its offering includes products, systems and solutions for intelligent traffic management, rail-bound transportation, smart grids, power distribution, energy efficient buildings, and safety and security. The Sector comprises the divisions Building Technologies, Low and Medium Voltage, Mobility and Logistics, Rail Systems and Smart Grid. For more information, please visit: www.siemens.com/infrastructure-cities
The Crystal is a sustainable cities initiative by Siemens in London, exploring how cities can create a better future. Being one of the most sustainable buildings, it is also home to the world’s largest exhibition on urban sustainability. More: www.thecrystal.org
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Awards Categories
1. URBAN TRANSPORTATION
The Award winner in this category will be a project or initiative significantly improving and greening urban transportation as measured by modal shift and reduced GHG emissions. Examples include, but are not limited to, reducing traffic congestion, improving public transportation (including, e.g. incorporation of Bus Rapid Transit and Rail), alternative ways of urban commuting, incorporating low carbon transportation technologies, and greening city transportation. Read the project description of the 2013 winner – Bogota: Transmilenio & E-taxis here.
2. WASTE MANAGEMENT
The Award winner in this category will be a project or initiative that demonstrates beneficial impact on the waste management system of a city (including both residential and business waste streams), considering social, environmental, economic and public participation impacts. Examples include, but are not limited to, comprehensive approaches for reduction of city’s waste (from collection to landfill management), measures for transforming waste into clean energy, initiatives for waste re-use such as turning waste to raw materials and organics diversion, and practices like anaerobic digestion and advanced thermal treatment. Read the project description of the 2013 winner – San Francisco: Zero Waste Program here
3. FINANCE & ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
The Award winner in this category will either be a project, policy, or initiative that demonstrates innovation in financing or incentivizing investment in projects across all award categories enabling sustainable growth, or one that demonstrates how environmental and climate protection initiatives can be effectively incorporated into an economic development strategy for the city. This category will look for financing and/of green development models that have global potential. Examples include, but are not limited to, PPPs, bonds, assets leveraging, partnerships with business to attract investment and create jobs. Read the project description of the 2013 winner - Tokyo: City Cap-and-trade-scheme here
4. CARBON MEASUREMENT & PLANNING
The Award winner in this category will demonstrate the strategic role a comprehensive, crosscutting, policy-relevant, standardised GHG emissions inventory can have in cities’ green strategies. The winning project may showcase advanced thinking on greenhouse gas measurement, or demonstrate how the city’s carbon measurement has become a strategic part of city’s climate action planning. This category is not only about the maturity of the GHG inventory but also a demonstration of progress.
Read the project description of the 2013 winner – Copenhagen: CPH 2025 Climate Plan here and what Lord Mayor Frank Jensen says about the City Climate Leadership Awards here
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5. SUSTAINABLE COMMUNITIES
The Award winner in this category will be a project or initiative that shows the pathway to sustainable, resilient, and low carbon communities. Examples might be projects that are attempting to achieve a climate positive or carbon neutral outcome, those with extraordinary community participation, policy and legislative improvements, regeneration projects, whole neighbourhood approaches to development or projects highlighting the benefits of integrated planning
Check the project description of the 2013 winner – Rio de Janeiro: Morar Carioca here
6. GREEN ENERGY
The award winner in this category will be a project or initiative that demonstrates successfully implemented strategies to reduce the carbon intensity of energy supply, either on a city and/or neighbourhood level. Projects could include decentralized energy, defined here as low and zero carbon power and/or heat generated and delivered within the city; or utilize following technologies: biomass, absorption cooling, combined heat and power (CHP) and district heating/cooling networks, ground cooling, heat pumps (ground and air source), solar photovoltaic (PV), solar hot water (SHW), wind, hydropower & tidal power and geothermal. This category will be looking for all-around excellence of a city’s low and zero carbon energy strategy, or efforts to green the energy supply that has been significantly improving city environmental performance.
Read the project description of the 2013 winner – Munich: 100% Green Energy here
7. ADAPTATION & RESILIENCE
The Award winner in this category will be a project or initiative demonstrating a innovating approach to measuring, assessing and addressing climate risk, and details steps to achieve a resilient outcome. All aspects of climate adaptation will be reviewed such as reducing exposure to impact of natural disasters, increasing preparedness and response capacity to mitigate damage, and addressing impacts on all social and economic sectors. This category looks for innovative approaches to reward strategies and policies that improve the resilience of the city infrastructure, protect the city’s economy and make urban areas safer and more liveable.
Read the project description of the 2013 winner – New York: A Stronger More Resilient New York here
8. ENERGY EFFICIENT BUILT ENVIRONMENT
The Award winner in this category will be a project or initiative aiming to mitigate the environmental impact that public, commercial and residential buildings or other city assets (e.g. street or traffic lighting) have on the city, by making it more energy efficient and environmentally friendly. Under the scope of this category are holistic business models and projects for the refurbishment of energy inefficient buildings, ground breaking planning initiatives or real estate development initiatives.
Read the project description of the 2013 winner – Melbourne Sustainable Buildings Program here and what Mayor Doyle says about the City Climate Leadership Awards here.
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9. AIR QUALITY
The Award winner in this category will be an initiative or policy to improve air quality in cities such as innovative approaches and strategies for reducing PM and NOx emissions while also addressing global climate change. Examples are reducing air pollution stemming from individual traffic and congestion, industrial manufacturing, or the built environment. Read the project description of the 2013 winner - Mexico: ProAire here.
10. INTELLIGENT CITY INFRASTRUCTURE
The Award winner in this category will be a project or initiative that optimizes existing or new infrastructure systems by making them faster, more efficient, safer or more reliable. This category needs to demonstrate that integrating intelligence (e.g. automated systems, IT or communications technology) into infrastructure projects helps to reap the full potential in areas like transportation, power grids or buildings. Read the project description of the 2013 winner – Singapore: Intelligent Transport System here.
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NNoommiinnaattiioonn PPrroocceessss ((22001144)) RRuulleess aanndd EElliiggiibbiilliittyy Which cities can be nominated for Awards 2014?
The following six categories are only open to C40 Cities (C40 cities): 1. Urban Transportation2. Solid Waste Management3. Finance & Economic Development4. Carbon Measurement & Planning5. Sustainable Communities
The following four categories are open to C40 Cities (C40 cities) and Cities from the Green City Index research project Green City Index1: 6. Green Energy7. Adaptation & Resilience8. Energy Efficient Built Environment9. Air Quality10. Intelligent City Infrastructure
Who can submit applications?
CCiittyy SSeellff--NNoommiinnaattiioonn:: The Mayor’s office or the relevant department within the city’s administration submits applications for the City Climate Leadership Awards.
TThhiirrdd PPaarrttyy NNoommiinnaattiioonn:: Third party organizations are welcome to nominate projects/programs or policies for the City Climate Leadership Awards, such as, but not limited to: International and national city organisations Environment and urban planning related not-for-profit organizations and charities Relevant finance and development organisations, international development banks Relevant environmental and urban planning research bodies, academic institutions and think-thanks Nomination by project organizers: C40 Cities and Siemens
In order for an application to be submitted by a third party, C40 and Siemens require the third party organization to provide written evidence that the city they are nominating endorses the application. Either a formal endorsement letter or email from the city official can be uploaded at the end of the application form.
If you have any questions regarding the third party nomination process, please contact the Award’s Organisation Team at [email protected]
1 The Green City Index is a research project for assessment of environmental performances of more than 120 cities. Conducted by Economist Intelligence Unit and sponsored by Siemens
How old can submitted projects or initiatives be? Submitted projects must be currently running or have been completed within the last 2 years.
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AAwwaarrddss AAsssseessssmmeenntt && SSeelleeccttiioonn PPrroocceessss Pre-selection Committee
A shortlist selection committee, composed by C40 and Siemens urban professionals, will review applications and
compose a shortlist.
Awards Jury
The independent 7 member jury panel will then evaluate the shortlist and select winning cities:
1. Dr. Rohit T. Aggarwala, Special Advisor to C402. Dr. Fauzi Bowo, Former Governor of Jakarta3. Ritt Bjerregaard, Former Mayor of Copenhagen4. Daryl Dulaney, President and CEO, Siemens Industry, Inc. and CEO, Infrastructure & Cities Sector (USA)5. Abha Joshi-Ghani, Director at the World Bank Institute6. Eduardo Jorge, Former Secretary of the Environment, Sao Paulo7. TBC.
Find out more about members of the judging panel here.
Awards Assessment Criteria
Each Climate Leadership Awards is evaluated by the above jury, using the following criteria:
1. Level of environmental success in the city
CO2 reduction and air quality improvement, climate risk mitigation and adaptation (direct and indirect impact, scope and comprehensiveness). By means of this criterion, the jury will consider both actual achievements and publicly communicated targets based on: • CO2 reduction in metric tonnes per annum• Relative targets based on percentages of CO2 reduction over a specified period of time• Other environmental impacts measured by the city
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2. Innovation
The extent to which the initiative or project takes an entirely new or ground-breaking approach to address major environmental issues.
By means of this criterion, the jury will be rewarding cities that are taking an innovative approach at an international level. • Projects that have never been implemented elsewhere around the world and that judges assess as having the
potential to significantly improve the city’s sustainability and resiliency. • Innovative projects that have already been implemented elsewhere but are for the first time adapted to the city’s
local context and contribute significantly to tackling climate change • If the project is not brand new at an international level or at a local level, there should be a new addition to it, so that
it becomes something that “no city has done before.”
3. Qualities of the overall masterplan, project or initiative that have contributed to its success
This criterion covers the prioritization of a project, as well as its implementation and comprehensiveness.
• How is the project integrated in the city’s holistic sustainable strategy?• How does the program/project/policy contribute to urban economic development in the city (job creation, green
growth development opportunity, etc.)?
4. Demonstration of good leadership and governance of the city in the terms of mobilizing relevantstakeholders, citizen engagement and buy-in
To what extent does the project engage a multiplicity of relevant stakeholders (elected officials, administrations, public services, private companies, financial institutions, associations, local communities, NGOs and citizens)?
5. Effectiveness
Achievement of the best outcome within a limited budget.
• Has the city that secured necessary funds to take action and start rolling out the project, by tapping into differentsources or funding or by developing innovative financing methods?
• A project that has achieved or expects to achieve significant emissions reductions will be considered strongly.
6. Replicability and scalability
The ability of the initiative or project to inspire others, or the potential ease of implementation in other cities and other
regions.
To which extend does a city already share its experience with other cities and what level of replicability potential does the project or initiative have? This will take into consideration the scale of the project that could range from neighbourhood level to an entire metropolitan area.
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How to apply? The 2014 City Climate Leadership Awards is an application-based process.
Complete the Application
Your complete application has to be filled out online, no later than March 31st, 2014. Note: If you would like to prepare your application off-line, you can use pdf application forms provided for each category. Once your application is ready for submission, you can copy and paste it into the on-line form. Urban Transportation Waste Management Finance and Economic Development Carbon Measurement and Planning Sustainable Communities Green Energy Adaptation & Resilience Energy Efficient Built Environment Air Quality Intelligent City Infrastructure
If you have any queries about the application process that are not answered in the FAQ, don’t hesitate to email us at [email protected]
Important Deadlines
Application submission Selection of shortlisted projects and providing feedback to all applicants
31 March 2014 June 2014 July 2014 Invitations for Ceremony & Conference September 2014 Winners’ announcement at the Ceremony (location: tbc.)
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Application summary
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Terms and conditions For legal and data protection regulation, please read Terms and conditions on the website.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) Eligibility
HHooww mmaannyy aapppplliiccaattiioonnss ccaann bbee ssuubbmmiitttteedd bbyy oonnee cciittyy?? There is no limit when it comes to the number of projects or initiatives a city or a third party organisation can submit.
CCaann tthhee pprroojjeecctt // ppoolliiccyy // iinniittiiaattiivvee ssttiillll bbee iinn tthhee ccoonncceepptt ssttaaggee?? A plan approved by the city council can be presented to the City Climate Leadership Awards, however, it will be important for the applicant to clearly illustrate its feasibility.
CCaann aa pprroojjeecctt sshhoorrttlliisstteedd ffoorr tthhee 22001133 CCiittyy CClliimmaattee LLeeaaddeerrsshhiipp AAwwaarrddss aappppllyy aaggaaiinn?? Yes, a project shortlisted in 2013 can be nominated again, however we recommend that the applicants highlight new elements or additions since last year.
CCaann aapppplliiccaattiioonnss bbee ffrroomm ppaarrttnneerrsshhiippss ooff ttwwoo oorr mmoorree cciittiieess,, cciittyy aanndd rreeggiioonnaall ggoovveerrnnmmeennttss,, oorr ootthheerr ccoommbbiinnaattiioonnss ooff ggoovveerrnnmmeenntt eennttiittiieess?? Yes, partnerships demonstrating knowledge sharing and cooperation between cities and regional governments are accepted.
TThhiirrdd ppaarrttyy nnoommiinnaattiinngg oorrggaanniizzaattiioonn:: WWhhyy ddoo II nneeeedd aa rreeffeerreennccee eemmaaiill//lleetttteerr ffrroomm tthhee cciittyy aanndd wwhhaatt sshhoouulldd tthhiiss eemmaaiill//lleetttteerr llooookk lliikkee?? C40 and Siemens would like to make sure that the city endorses the application from a third party organization and knows that it has been nominated. The email or letter should confirm that the city has been notified, endorses the project and should be signed by a city official that C40 and Siemens could contact for any additional information.
WWiillll tthheerree bbee mmuullttiippllee wwiinnnneerrss iinn eeaacchh aawwaarrdd ccaatteeggoorryy?? There will be only one winner in each category.
Filling out the application form
WWhhaatt iiff II ddoonn''tt kknnooww tthhee aannsswweerrss ttoo ssoommee ooff tthhee qquueessttiioonnss oonn tthhee aapppplliiccaattiioonn ffoorrmm?? If your project isn't an exact fit for the questions, please do your best to answer them anyway. Please note that a project can still win even if it does not 100 % cover all criteria.
CCaann II ssuubbmmiitt aaddddiittiioonnaall ddooccuummeennttss wwiitthh mmyy aapppplliiccaattiioonn?? The online application allows you to submit two additional attachments (e.g. project plan, press release, video, etc).
AArree tthheerree aannyy ffeeeess ttoo aappppllyy ttoo tthhee CCiittyy CClliimmaattee LLeeaaddeerrsshhiipp AAwwaarrddss?? No, applying to the City Climate Leadership Awards is free of charge.
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Could the same project be submitted in different categories? Yes, one project can be submitted in up to two categories. In that case please fill out the two relevant application forms. While reviewing applications, the Awards programme team might also suggest nominating your project in another category when they think it is relevant.
What if I have a question about applying or filling out the application itself? If you don't find the answer in the FAQ, you can email questions to [email protected]
Timeline
WWhheenn wwiillll II bbee nnoottiiffiieedd rreeggaarrddiinngg tthhee ssttaattuuss ooff mmyy aapppplliiccaattiioonn?? All applicants, regardless if the project was shortlisted or not, will be electronically informed in June 2014.
City Climate Leadership Award Conference and Ceremony
WWiillll tthheerree bbee aa CCiittyy CClliimmaattee LLeeaaddeerrsshhiipp AAwwaarrddss CCoonnffeerreennccee 22001144?? Yes, the one-day conference will take place in conjunction to the Awards ceremony and will be a key opportunity for cities to share their innovative and outstanding projects and initiatives.
WWiillll tthhee AAwwaarrddss pprrooggrraammmmee ooccccuurr oonn aann aannnnuuaall bbaassiiss?? The City Climate Leadership Awards Programme is designed to run for two consecutive years. Once 2014 programme ends, C40 and Siemens could extend or slightly change the program.
WWhheenn aanndd wwhheerree wwiillll tthhee CCiittyy CClliimmaattee LLeeaaddeerrsshhiipp AAwwaarrddss CCeerreemmoonnyy 22001144 ttaakkee ppllaaccee?? It will take place in September 2014. The exact location will be confirmed shortly.
WWhhoo mmaayy aatttteenndd tthhee AAwwaarrddss cceerreemmoonnyy?? The Award Ceremony and Conference are invitation-based events open to city delegates, relevant organizations, universities and NGOs, international press etc.
WWiillll mmyy ttrraavveell ccoosstt ttoo tthhee ccoonnffeerreennccee bbee ccoovveerreedd?? Yes, air fair and two hotel nights will be covered by C40 for winning cities representatives.
Terms and conditions WWhhaatt aarree tthhee lleeggaall tteerrmmss aanndd ccoonnddiittiioonnss ppaarrttiicciippaannttss mmuusstt aaggrreeee ttoo?? The complete terms and conditions are available here.
WWhhyy ddoo II nneeeedd ttoo aaggrreeee ttoo tthheessee lleeggaall tteerrmmss?? The applicant needs to agree to terms in order to provide the organisers with permission to use submitted data as non-confidential data and to evaluate and share them with participants of evaluation process.
Does application for the Awards require exclusivity?No, there is no exclusivity in applying for the City Climate Leadership Awards 2014. The applicant can apply with same project for any other award.
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Useful definitions Metric tonne of CO2 A metric tonne of carbon dioxide. Please note that a metric tonne is equivalent to 2,204.6lbs. The “long ton”, a term generally used in Britain, is equivalent to 2,240lbs and the “short ton” is generally used in the USA and is equivalent to 2,000 lbs.
Metric tonne of CO2e Emissions under the “scopes” must be reported in metric tonnes of CO2e: CO2e stands for carbon dioxide equivalent. A metric tonne of CO2e means one metric tonne of carbon dioxide or an amount of any of the other GHGs with an equivalent global warming potential.
Methodology/method The set of instructions that enable a GHG calculation to be made and repeated in a consistent manner, irrespective of the person performing the calculation.
Scope 1 GHG emissions All direct GHG emissions (with the exception of direct CO2 emissions from biogenic sources).
Scope 2 GHG emissions These emissions do not physically occur from within the organization’s reporting boundary and are therefore “indirect” emissions. They are associated with the consumption of purchased or acquired electricity, steam, heating, or cooling.
Scope 3 GHG emissions They are from sources that are not owned or controlled by the reporting entity but which occur as a result of its activities. As such, Scope 3 comprises all other indirect emissions not covered in Scope 2, such as emissions resulting from the extraction and production of purchased materials and fuels, transport-related activities in vehicles not owned or controlled by the reporting entity (e.g., employee commuting and business travel), outsourced activities, waste disposal, etc.
Renewable energy CDP follows the definition of renewable energy given in the GHG Protocol: “Energy taken from sources that are inexhaustible, e.g. wind, water, solar, geothermal energy and biofuels.”
US Dollars You are requested to provide financial data in US Dollars to aid comparability. For assistance in converting from local currency to US dollars, see www.Oanda.com . Select the 1st March 2013 as the DATE and the Interbank rate from the RATE drop down box.
Zero or low carbon electricity Certain methods of generating electricity do not emit GHGs or emit relatively low amounts of GHGs compared with other
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forms of electricity generation (although GHGs are emitted during other phases of their lifecycle, such as in the manufacture, installation and/or maintenance of the generator). Examples of zero or low carbon electricity include nuclear generation and electricity generated by wind, water, solar and geothermal heat. For the purpose of the information request, these methods are referred to as zero or low carbon methods of generation.
