Celebrating World MetrologyDay 2007

A workshop to commemorate the 'WorldMetrology Day' at KRISS

The general public is unfamiliar with the World MetrologyDay, probably because it has only been a few years since

we began celebrating it. The General Conference on Weights andMeasures (CGPM) held in 2000 decided to commemorate May20, 1875, the day that 17 countries signed the Meter Convention.The theme of this year's World Metrology Day was 'Environmentand Measurement'. Its purpose was to raise public awarenessabout the importance of measurement science and technologywith regard to such environmental elements as water and air,which face an ever-increasing threat of pollution, so that humanbeings can continue enjoying safe and healthy lives.

KRISS held a workshop commemorating the World MetrologyDay on May 21 to publically highlight the importance of the

measurement of environmental pollution. Under the theme of'Environment and Measurement', the event offered a stage onwhich experts could discuss the importance of environmentalmeasurement, which is closely related to some omnipresentelements of our daily lives such as air, water, and the frequentlyoverlooked issue of noise. The workshop, whose major programsincluded Measurement Standards for Water Quality; International Environmental Regulation and StandardSubstances; Low Frequency Noise Measurement andEvaluation; and The Past, Present and Future of Korea'sGreenhouse Gas Measurement, presented a road map forenvironmental measurement research and development byreviewing its current status in this country and abroad.

KRISS has been investing in outstanding manpower andcapability in the field of environmental measurement, and hasproduced some positive outcomes, including a change in theinternational standard for air density by publishing a paper on the'Redefinition of Argon Density in the Air'.

Better Standards, Better Life! _ July 2007 issue

Research HighlightsOpening the Door to the Development

of Cutting-edge Research Equipmentat Home

- KRISS develops a high resolution scanning electron microscopet -

The Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) is a device usedto observe pattern formations and their micro-structures as

well as to analyze the distribution of elemental compositions byrecording magnified images using a focused electron beam. It isan essential device for observing and precisely measuring themicro-structure of an object in the fields of physics, biology,semiconductors and materials science. However, despite its wideapplication, its production was entirely dependent on importsuntil KRISS's leading-Edge Metrology Group, led by Dr. Yang-Koo Cho, successfully developed the 3.5m high resolution SEM,which is a key part of state-of-the-art laboratory equipment.

Dr. Cho and his team were able to embody 'field-oriented'technology by designing the parts specifically for the localresearch environment. The newly developed SEM enhanced theclarity and brightness of images compared to importedequipment, thereby reducing the difficulties that domesticindustries and research institutes have thus far encountered. Itcomes with a user manual that contains operation instructions andtroubleshooting tips to maximize user convenience.

The SEM, developed by KRISS researchers, not only increasedcustomer satisfaction thanks to its improved quality and user-friendly guide, but lowered the burden on customers as a result ofits affordable price - roughly half that of imported models. Inaddition, it could potentially be distributed for educationalpurposes, greatly contributing to the advancement of scienceeducation.

Since the technology applied in the new SEM plays a key rolein the development of high-end research equipment, it is expected

to open the door to further innovations in other related items ofequipment such as e-beam lithography, bio-low vacuum SEM,analytical SEM, and SEMPA.

KRISS Spring Blossom FestivalAn event to share the special season

with the community

The Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science(KRISS) held the 'Spring Blossom Festival' for four days

from April 26, 2007, enabling the public to enjoy such springflowers as the royal azaleas and azaleas that blossom in theflower garden of the institute.

Now in its 8th year, the annual festival is held to welcome thearrival of spring and to foster a sense of comradeship betweenKRISS employees and nearby residents by opening it to themwhen the flowers blossom in spring.

For this year's festival, various musical performances includingconcerts by popular singers and an electronic string group werestaged. In addition, a mini zoo featuring various reptiles andsmall animals was put together for children, along with facepainting events and comic magic shows. For families withtoddlers, a specially built playground in the form of an 'air palace'was also opened. Members of 'Photomania', KRISS's amateur

photo club, took pictures of the couples and their families andframed them as gifts.

During the festival, the families of new employees and elderlypeople from care homes were invited to special programs held intheir honor. The 'Picnic in the Sun' program was also prepared fordisabled children and those without families, making it a day toremember.

Although the festival lasted only 4 days, it served as a valuableopportunity to unite and strengthen the ties between localresidents and KRISS employees.

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<Operation of SEM>

<Left : Image of the Latex Certified Reference Material (70,000x High Magnification)><Right : Image of the Stamen of an Althea (50x Low Magnification)>

<Image of a Processed Diffractive Optical Element>

Unveiling the Mysteries of the Lifeand Death of Living Organisms

- KRISS installs two 12-Tesla FT-ICR MS for structural studies of

biomolecules -

Dr. Hun-Young So, a member of KRISS's Environmentand Food Metrology Group, has successfully installed

two 12 Tesla Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance MassSpectrometers (FT-ICR MS) - one with an electrosprayionization source (ESI), the other with a matrix-assisted laser -both of which are essential tools for the structural elucidation ofbiopolymers such as the proteins that control the life and deathof living organisms. The MS facility is also equipped withfractionation and separation tools for biomolecules, and is opento any researcher who shares common research interests. Themass spectrometers, using 12 Tesla superconductive magnets(400,000 times the Earth's magnetic field; a tesla is a unit ofmeasurement of magnetic field strength), have unrivalled massresolution and mass resolution accuracy even whendistinguishing two proteins whose mass difference is less thanthe mass of an electron.

In Korea, there are two FT-ICR MS fitted with 7 T magnetsinstalled at Korea University and at the Korea Basic ScienceInstitute. While there are only two FT-ICR MS with 7 Tmagnets in Korea - at Korea University and the Korea Basic

Science Institute, in the US and Europe more than 10 units of9.4 T magnets are in operation with FT-ICR MS. However, thenewly installed MS with 12 T magnets in KRISS offers theworld's best level of performance and is expected to helpidentify the diverse properties of bio-molecules through MS-based structural elucidation.

The KRISS team has successfully demonstrated a top-downapproach in proteomics, which accurately identifies thefunctional groups and sites of post-translational modificationsthat hold the key to solving the mysteries of life and death. Theteam has also succeeded in developing the capability of MS datainterpretation and protein identification by developing a bio-informatics tool in cooperation with CbsBioscience - a Koreansoftware developer.

These MSs are expected to provide an innovative method forthe study of the functional diversities of bio-molecules.Furthermore, the device will contribute greatly to the discoveryof biomarkers for early diagnosis of human disease andmetabolites, leading us to a better understanding of human life.

Precisely Measuring the Load Weightof a Moving Vehicle- KRISS develops a ubiquitous load weight indicator for a heavyweight

vehicle -

Dr. Man-Yong Choi, a member of KRISS's SafetyMetrology Group, announced on April 5, 2007 that he

had developed a load weight indicator for trucks using a smartwireless sensor. This technology allows the driver to ascertain theloaded weight of a vehicle by measuring changes in truck loadwith a smart sensor while loading the cargo. It not only indicatesthe loaded weight to prevent overloading, but can also transferthe cargo information to a remote location through RFcommunication. As such, the weight data of trucks passing in andout of a construction site can be remotely received and recordedin a load ledger for use in a load vehicle management system.

KRISS has been carrying out the project since 2004 with agrant from the Industrial Technology Development Fund run bythe Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Energy. Dr. Choicommercialized the technology under the name of 'Road Load' incollaboration with AT Macs in 2006, and has introduced it to thedomestic and overseas markets through the largest Koreanautomotive distribution network.

This innovative technology will ultimately play a significantrole in facilitating the implementation of a ubiquitous trafficmonitoring and management system in the near future. An

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integrated overload prevention system utilizing this technology,when implemented, could save over 4 billion dollars each year inroad repair costs caused by overloaded trucks, and result in areduction of the air pollution caused by dust originating fromdamaged roads. Furthermore, with Road Load, overloadedvehicles, which often cause serious traffic accidents, can beremotely managed in real-time, and drivers can check the drivingcondition and vehicle safety information in real-time.

Dr. Choi plans to further develop a digital load weightindicator by combining terrestrial DMB and real-time TPEG(Transport Protocol Expert Group). It will allow the driver of avehicle to safely arrive at the destination by taking the optimumroute, without having to travel via roads with weight and heightrestrictions.

Managing the Quality of HeavyElectrical Equipment

- KRISS develops a high voltage and high current measurement system -

A team led by Dr. Myungsoo Kim of KRISS hassuccessfully developed an AC high voltage (200 kV) and

high current (20 kA) measurement system with a grant awardedby the Electrical Industry Foundation Fund since 2004. Thesystem can measure electrical power up to around 4 million kW -equivalent to the power generated by 4 nuclear power plants.

The developed system can accurately evaluate the performance oftransformers used to measure power in substations, industries orhouseholds.

In 2006, the total sales revenue of the Korean electric powerindustry amounted to KRW 28 trillion. Just a 1 % error in themeasurement of power consumption could inflict an economicloss of as much as KRW 280 billion on consumers or suppliers.Therefore, the accurate measurement of high voltage and highcurrent is of the utmost importance. However, as the directmeasurement of high voltage and high current can be verydangerous, a transformer - which reduces the level of voltage andcurrent - must be utilized. In such cases, the lowered voltage andcurrent can be directly and simultaneously measured. Havingreceived international certification in for a high voltage and highcurrent testing service, performance certification for heavyelectrical equipment can now be offered in Korea, savingdomestic companies millions of dollars in overseas testing fees.

Dr. Kim's team will open the system to the public in order tosupport the heavy electrical equipment industries, providingcalibration and testing services for over 300 items of high-voltageand high-current equipment. Furthermore, by utilizing thetechnology, the team plans to secure the technology required tomanufacture and evaluate high-precision instrument transformersin collaboration with industry and academia.

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<FT-ICR MS at KRISS>

<'Road Load', a Commercialized Load Weight Indicator>

<Evaluation and Voltage Transformer Using the 200 kV High VoltageMeasuring System>

<Evaluation of Industrial Current Transformer Using the 20 kA High CurrentMeasuring System>

<Ubiquitous Truck Load Management and National Facilities ManagementSystem combining RFID and a Remote Load Weight Measurement System>

<FT-ICR MS at KRISS>

KRISS Laboratory TourVacuum Center

In the 21st century, vacuum technology - along with nano-technology, information and communication technology,

and space technology - is considered as the key technology fornext-generation industry. Particularly in Korea, whose majorindustry segments consist of semiconductors and displays, themarket size of vacuum parts is estimated to be over US$ 7billion, accounting for 8~15% of the global vacuum market. Assuch, the development of the vacuum industry and the acquisitionof advanced vacuum technology are very important to theeconomic development of the country.

Having laid the foundation for those successes, the KRISSVacuum Center has established national standards systems forlow, high, and ultra-high vacuums as well as infinitesimal leaksfrom the atmospheric pressure to 5X10-7 Pa. Its measurementcapabilities have earned recognition for setting some of thehighest standards in the world, as demonstrated by the results ofthe BIPM key comparisons in 2002.

The Vacuum Center provides reliable technical data andinformation and operates a comprehensive evaluation system onvacuum parts, materials, and processes thereby leading thedevelopment of vacuum technology and the advancement of thevacuum industry.

Such developed systems have played significant roles infacilitating technology transfer, technical consulting and industry-academia-R&D consortium projects. In 2002 the center alsodeveloped the world's first method for real-time measurement ofnano-size particles during the vacuum process. On the strengthof these achievements, the center received the ISO 9001certification in 15 areas relating to vacuum technology in 2002.

Friendly KRISSKRISS PhD Student W.M.S. Wijesinghe

Hello, I am Wije from Sri Lanka. I joined KRISS at the endof February 2007 as a PhD student under the UST

program. I was selected for this programme while I was working atthe Industrial Metrology Laboratory as a Research Officer at theIndustrial Technology Institute (ITI), Sri Lanka for ten years in thearea of Electrical Measurements.

Currently, I am engaged in a research programme to developpower measurement techniques and standards with Dr. Young-TaePark at the Electromagnetic Metrology Group. I enjoy workingwith him, and the facilities of the power measurement laboratoryare very impressive. I have also worked at both the QuantumElectrical Standard laboratory and the high voltage laboratory, andcould learned the practical as well as the theoretical aspects of CTcalibration, Josepshon Voltage Standard, Quantum Hall ResistanceStandard, thanks to Dr. Jung Jae-Kap, Dr. Kim Kue-Tae who gaveme thorough training, yet in a very friendly manner. Dr. Kang Chu-Shik also taught me about measurement uncertainty, which is oneof the most important concept to understand in metrology. Now Ihave some knowledge of the Korean language also. Mr. Choul-OKim and Dr. Seung Kwan kindly helped me to learn the Koreanlanguage.

Good health is a very important factor in our life, and KRISSprovides sports facilities, including a first-class gym, tennis courtsand football pitch, etc, to enable research students and other staffmembers to maintain their fitness. The new guest house providesvery good facilities for both local and foreign students and othervisitors to KRISS on short-term training programmes.

All staff members at KRISS are very friendly, and they are verykind and willing to help me when I need their help. So although Ihave a long way to go with my studies, I know that I will not haveany problems with the friendly staff members at KRISS. Of courseKRISS is a friendly place.

Major EventsKRISS Chairperson of APMP, IMEKO

Dr. Kwang-Hwa Chung,president of KRISS, and

Dae-Im Kang, vice president,were elected as the nextchairpersons of APMP andIMEKO at the 22nd GA andthe XVIII world congress,

respectively. With these appointments, KRISS will play a leadingrole in international cooperation on metrology in the Asia-Pacificregion. As a chairperson-elect, Dr. Chung has activelyparticipated in various programs related to SIM, EUROMET, andJCRB.

Iraq Erbil QCL Project

KRISS has been carryingout the Iraq Erbil

Quality Control LaboratoryProject in collaboration withKOICA in order to helpestablish quality managementand a national standardssystem in war-devastated Iraq. As part of the project, KRISSinvited 7 QCL professionals and provided training on qualitymanagement in accordance with international standards,including ISO 17025 and ISO 9001 for three weeks fromFebruary 26 to March 17. This initiative was followed by a visitlast April to QCL by KRISS professionals to provide consultingon a quality management system.

MOU with CENAM

On March 8, KRISSsigned an MOU with the

Centro Nacional deMetrologia (CENAM),Mexico's national metrologyinstitute, to carry outcollaborative research for the

advancement of measurement technology through an exchange ofprofessionals.

Launch of a KRISS-NIST Joint Project

Dr. William Anderson,the general manager of

EEEL at NIST of the US, anda group of five executivepersonnel visited KRISS onApril 19 to discuss theprospective joint project for a

cross capacitor between KRISS and NIST.

MOU with NPL

KRISS signed an MOUwith NPL of the UK on

June 4, with a view to furtherpromoting the exchange ofknowledge and experiencebetween measurement clubsfrom both institutes, as well asto cooperate in areas of bio and quantum measurementtechnology.

MOU with BAM

On August 8 KRISSsigned an MOU with

BAM, a national institutefor metrology in chemistryin Germany, to promotepersonnel exchanges andresearch cooperation in the

development of certified reference materials.

KRISS-NMIJ Directors' meeting

The Directors' of KRISSand NMIJ met at KRISS

on June 29, 2007 to discussissues relating to thedevelopment of jointresearch projects, theexchange of peer reviewers,and participation in international organizations such as APMPand CGPM.

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<Thermal desorption spectroscopy (TDS)>

Four Seasons of KRISS - SummerScenic beauty of KRISS in July- Green freshness of a morning walk at KRISS -

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Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science

(+) 82-42-868-5443

(+) 82-42-868-5444

mihong@kriss.re.kr

http://english.kriss.re.kr

1 Doryong-Dong, Yuseong-Gu,Daejeon, 305-340 Republic ofKorea

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Better Standards, Better Life! July 2007 issue _

Crapes myrtle stretching towards the morning sun

KRISS Lotus Pond

Greetings of sweet clovers clustered under theshadow of the tree

Golden waves dancing in the fresh morning breeze

Lotus flower floating on the KRISS Pond