Cell Structure & Function - Weeblymslangssciencestuff.weebly.com/.../6/7/2/46722727/cells.pdfCell Structure & Function Time to set up our LAST section for our SISN!!!! How is life

Cell Structure

& Function

http://koning.ecsu.ctstateu.edu/cell/cell.html

Time to set up our LAST section

for our SISN!!!!

How is life created?

• Explaining the

unexplainable!

• Creation Myth

• You’re a scientist looking

under a microscope. You

see little parts that make up

a cell. Write a story that

explains how those parts of

the cell are created!

• Write out your Cell Myth!!!

http://www.bigmyth.com/myths/english/2_celtic_full.htm

Please have out:

- SISN

-Pencil

-Glue

BE READY to finish up

organelles!!!!!!!!

Definition of Cell

A cell is the smallest unit that is

capable of performing life

functions.

Cell Theory

• All living things are made up of cells.

• Cells are the smallest working units of all

living things.

• All cells come from preexisting cells

through cell division.

Examples of Cells

Amoeba Proteus

Plant Stem

Red Blood Cell

Nerve Cell

Bacteria

What are the two types of cells?

• Summarize the two types of cells

• How are these cells different?

• How are these cells similar?

Our job today is to figure out…..

Two Types of Cells

Eukaryotic Prokaryotic

Diagram comparison

• With your partner, each of you will look at

the diagram that is given to you. You

should analyze that diagram for

characteristics that are different and

similar.

• Once you are done, pair up and teach

each other about your particular cell.

Prokaryotic

• NO nucleus

• Do not have structures surrounded by membranes

• Few internal structures

• One-celled organisms, Bacteria

http://library.thinkquest.org/C004535/prokaryotic_cells.html

Eukaryotic • HAS nucleus

• Contain organelles surrounded by membranes

• Most living organisms

Plant

Animal

http://library.thinkquest.org/C004535/eukaryotic_cells.html

Cell Parts

Organelles

Surrounding the Cell

Cell Wall

• Most commonly found

in plant cells &

bacteria

• F: Supports &

protects cells

• D: A structural layer

surrounding plant

cells.

http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html

Cell Membrane

• F: Controls movement in

and out of the cell

• D: Double layer outer

membrane of cell.


With your partner, summarize

the outside parts of the cell.

• What are the outside parts?

• Which types of cells are these parts found

in?

Inside the Cell

Nucleus

F: Directs cell activities,

contains genetic material –

DNA

D: Separated from

cytoplasm by nuclear

membrane

Nuclear Membrane

F: Openings allow

material to enter and

leave nucleus

D: Surrounds nucleus.

Made of two layers


Nucleolus

F: Contains RNA to

build proteins

D: Inside nucleus


Cytoplasm

F: Protects the organelles in the cell.

D: Gel-like mixture inside the cell.

Mitochondria

F: Produces energy through

chemical reactions –

breaking down fats &

carbohydrates. Controls level

of water and other materials

in cell

D: Rod-shaped organelles

with folded membranes

inside.


Endoplasmic Reticulum F:Moves materials around

in cell

D: Flattened membrane that

surrounds the nucleus.

• Smooth type: lacks

ribosomes

• Rough type (pictured):

ribosomes embedded in

surface


Ribosomes

F: Make proteins

D: Found floating within

the cytoplasm or attached

to the endoplasmic

reticulum. Each cell

contains thousands

FACT: found in both

eukaryote and

prokaryote!!!


Golgi Bodies

F: Transporting and

packaging proteins and

lipids. Protein

'packaging area‘.

D: Series of

compartments

consisting of two main

networks.


Chloroplast

F: Where

photosynthesis takes

place

D: Disk shaped pods

usually found in plant

cells that contain green

chlorophyll.


Vacuoles

F: Storage, digestion,

and waste removal

• Help plants maintain

shape

D: Membrane-bound

sacs


Lysosome F: Digestive ‘area' for

proteins, fats, and

carbohydrates. Transports

undigested material to cell

membrane for removal

D: Membrane-enclosed

organelle

• Cell breaks down if

lysosome explodes


Chromosomes

F: Contain instructions

for traits &

characteristics

D: In nucleus made of

DNA


Copy and answer the

questions in your journal.

1. What stores and transports energy throughout

the cell?

2. Which organelle is the control center of the cell?

3. Which organelle holds the cell together?

4. Which organelles are not found in animal cells?

5. Which organelle helps plant cells make food?

Quick Check for Understanding

• What stores and transports energy throughout the

cell?

Mitochondria

• Which organelle is the control center of the cell?

Nucleus

• Which organelle holds the cell together?

Cell membrane

• Which organelles are not found in animal cells?

Cell wall, central vacuole, chloroplasts

• Which organelle helps plant cells make food?

Chloroplasts

Organelle Job Gallery Walk

Plant vs. Animal cell

1. You have two diagrams at your table. One diagram

is a plant cell, the other diagram is an animal cell.

People sitting on the left will have plant cell, people

on the right will have the animal cell diagram.

2. Look at the organelles included in your cell

diagram.

3. Complete the chart inside the plant vs. animal cell

foldable. Place a check mark in each organelle box if

that cell HAS that organelle.

“Typical” Animal Cell

http://web.jjay.cuny.edu/~acarpi/NSC/images/cell.gif

http://waynesword.palomar.edu/images/plant3.gif

“Typical” Plant Cell

With your partner discuss

Animal vs. Plant

• Use the organelles key to compare the

animal and the plant cell

• What are the main differences in animal

and plant cells?

1. Draw a Venn Diagram underneath the plant vs. animal cell

foldable.

Complete the following in your journal

Match the letter of the function to its corresponding cell part. Use a CAPITAL letter

only.

a. Organelle that makes protein f. digests waste material; cleans up the cell

b. Powerhouse of cell; produces energy g. Basic cell that has a nucleus

c. Control center of cell; contains DNA h. helps plants make their own food; green

d. Protective barrier; gate keeper i. States various laws regarding cells

e. All living organisms are made of these j. Storage area for food and waste

1. Eukaryotic Cell

2. Nucleus

3. Lysosome

4. Ribosome

5. Cell membrane

6. Chloroplast

7. Mitochondria

8. Cell

9. Cell Theory

10. Vacuole

Quick organelle review

Guess that organelle!?!







Name that cell!

Name that cell!

Name those cells!

Name those cells!

*Centrioles

Cell City Cells are the smallest

units that are capable of

performing life functions!

You need to re-create the

cell as if it was a city!

Think about the

organelles, their jobs, and

how they work together

like a small community.

Your city should have a

name!

Cell City!

Plant and Animal for sale!!!

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r_hx-

A-arE0

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=onMXz

ujXiDQ

How do you make a sale???? Let’s see how

these AMAZING car salesman make it

sooooooo eazeee!!!

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r_hx-A-arE0





https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=onMXzujXiDQ

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=onMXzujXiDQ

Plant and Animal Cell Sale!

• You are trying desperately to sell all of the

cells that you can due to an influx of

supplies. In the brochures you will be

passing out, you must include all of the

cell parts with descriptive details (to let the

customer know that these aren’t faulty

cells) and entice the reader to buy the

cells.

Everything MUST GO!!!!

Single Celled

Organisms

(Uni-Cellular)

Learning Goals

• Compare the structures and life functions

of single celled organisms that carry out all

the basic functions of life including:

Euglena, Amoeba, Paramecium, Volvox.

• Single-celled organisms have similar and

unique structures and life functions that

allow them to survive and reproduce.

Essential Questions

• How are the single-celled organisms

similar and different when talking about

habitat, movement, food, classification and

reproduction?

• How do the structures of Euglena,

Amoeba, Paramecium, and Volvox help

them perform basic life functions?

Beginning Brainstorm

• Think about essential things your body

does that allows you to survive and live.

• What are things we do to survive/live and

why are they important?

Single Celled Organisms

Introduction

• Protists are organisms that make up one of the six kingdoms of living things.

• Most protists are microscopic.

• Most protists are single-celled.

• The way in which cells function is similar in all living organisms.

What are the single cell organisms

that we are going to learn about?

• Amoeba

• Euglena

• Paramecium

• Volvox

Meet

Euglena!

• Euglena is also a eukaryotic cell.

• Euglena is classified as both plant like and

animal like.

• Euglena is a type of algae.

What does Euglena eat?

• What does Euglena

eat?

• If light is available, will

make own food using

photosynthesis.

• If no light is available,

will eat other protists

(amoebas and

paramecium).

Neat Fact!

• Euglena can see by using a red “eyespot”

which is used for sensing light!

How does Euglena move?

• Euglena moves by using a flagella that

whips back and forth.

Where does Euglena live?

• Euglena lives in

ponds, rivers,

and marshes.

• Some live in

oceans and

swimming pools.

Reproduction of Euglena

• Euglena reproduces by splitting in half (asexual reproduction/ mitosis)

• 1 splits in half and makes an identical new euglena.

• Euglena will only reproduce if well fed and in warm temperatures.

Euglena life span

• Euglena live about 3 weeks.

• Euglena also does NOT age!

Meet Amoeba

Amoeba is a eukaryote cell.

What does Amoeba eat?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u7IN7HTWzLs&ebc=ANyPxKqzb7284BE0za3emZlp

Y-tj-

mJiyO1yBi6BISNNxVIB6fGZNi4XqNj8zqED6QrVY_MUg251NMHMMLaNVg8qLdXXB87

MWg

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u7IN7HTWzLs&ebc=ANyPxKqzb7284BE0za3emZlpY-tj-mJiyO1yBi6BISNNxVIB6fGZNi4XqNj8zqED6QrVY_MUg251NMHMMLaNVg8qLdXXB87MWg







How does Amoeba move?

• Amoeba moves by

using pseudopods or

by changing the

shape of its body.

Where do Amoeba live?

• Amoeba lives in lakes, ponds, streams,

rivers, or puddles.

• Some amoeba live in soil and as parasites

in moist body parts of animals.

Reproduction • Reproduces by splitting in half (asexual

reproduction/ mitosis).

• When amoeba splits in half, it makes 2

identical new amoebas.

Amoeba life span

• Lives up to two days!

Meet Paramecium!

• Paramecium is

a eukaryotic

cell.

What does Paramecium eat?

• Paramecium feeds on other organisms.

• Uses cilia to sweep food into the “mouth” and then surrounds it in a food vacuole.

How does Paramecium move?

• Paramecium moves by using cilia (small

“hair-like” structures on the outside of the

cell).

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sn3MTYNe8mM

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sn3MTYNe8mM

Environment for Paramecium

• in freshwater, brackish, and marine

environments and are often very abundant

in stagnant basins and ponds.

Paramecium lifespan

• Can live for 100-1000’s (even millions) of

years if left alone

Meet Volvox!

• Classified as

Plant-like.

• Also as a

eukaryotic cell.

• Are a type of

algae

How does Volvox eat?

• If light is available, will make own food using photosynthesis. (has chloroplasts that contain chlorophyll).

• Also has an “eyespot” which is used for sensing light.

How does Volvox move?

• Moves using 2 flagella (that beat together

to roll the ball through water).

• And, it’s REALLY cool!

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d8xs8F9gln0

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d8xs8F9gln0

Where does Volvox live?

• Lives in puddles, ditches, shallow ponds and bogs (wet spongy ground; especially : a poorly drained usually acid area).

Lifespan of Volvox

• Lives about 2 days!

Contains

chlorophyll

Movement

1. How does Euglena move?

2. How does Amoeba move?

3. How does Paramecium move?

4. How does Volvox move?

Eat

1. How does Euglena eat?

2. How does Amoeba eat?

3. How does Paramecium eat?

4. How does Volvox eat?

Unique Characteristic

1. What is a unique characteristic of

Euglena?


Amoeba?


Paramecium?


Volvox?

What am I?

What am I?

What am I?

What am I?

What is an eyespot? Which

single celled organism(s) have

an eyespot?

What’s is the tail of the euglena

called?

What is the unique feature of

the amoeba called?

How does the amoeba use it’s

uniqueness?

Life is organized into 5 levels:

Cells

Tissues

Organs

Organ systems

Organisms

Populations

Ecosystems

There are 5 Levels of

Organization in Multicellular

Organisms: • 1. Cells

• 2. Tissues

• 3. Organs

• 4. Organ Systems

• 5. Organisms

• 6. Population

• 7. Ecosystem

The cell is the basic

unit of structure and

function of a living

thing.

Cells are specialized by

size and shape for the

job they do

The amoeba above is

made of only one cell

and it must perform all

the jobs of the

organism.

T I S S U E S

Tissues are made of the same type of cells

grouped together to do a specific job.

Examples: 4 different types of animal

tissues are epithelial, muscle, nervous, and

connective. This pink sponge has only

cells but they are not organized into

tissues. The blue Man-o-war has tissues

but no organs.

Organs

Organs are made up of different tissues

that work together to do a job.

Example: a heart is an

organ made of all four

tissues, this coral polyp

is an organ and a leaf is a

plant organ.

Organ Systems

An organ system is a group of

organs working together.

Example: Human organ systems include

circulatory, reproductive, digestive, nervous,

respiratory.

Plant organ system-roots, stems,leaves=

transport system.

Organisms

Sum of all cells, tissues, organs and organ

systems makes an organism.

Population

A group of the same type of organisms all

living together in the same place.

Ecosystem

Populations living together in one area.

Biosphere

All the ecosystems around the world make

up the biosphere.

Documents

Cell Structure & Function - Weeblymslangssciencestuff.weebly.com/.../6/7/2/46722727/cells.pdfCell Structure & Function Time to set up our LAST section for our SISN!!!! How is life