Cells - structure, function, membranes, different types

Cells - structure, function, membranes, different types

Photosynthesis

Respiration

Cell division - mitosis & meiosis

Molecular genetics - transcription, translation, DNA structure & replication, genetics

Evolution & classification - natural selection, speciation,

classification

Cells

$100

Photosynthesis Respiration Cell DivisionMolecularGenetics

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Evolution & Classificatio

n

Cells

$100

What is a cell?

Cells

Back

Simplest collection of matter that can live

$100

$200

What is the difference between Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cells?

Cells

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- Prokaryotic - No true nucleus or other membrane-

bound organelles- Bacteria & Archaebacteria

- Eukaryotic - Nucleus & other membrane-bound

organelles are present- Plants, animals, fungi, protists

Cells

$300

What is chromatin?

Cells

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DNA wrapped around proteins

Cells

$400

What is the role of the ribosome?

Cells

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- Protein synthesis (aka…translation)

- Made in nucleolus- Large & small subunit

- Free ribosomes in cytosol- Bound ribosomes on rough ER

or nucleus

Cells

$500

What is the cytoskeleton made

of?

Cells

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-Microtubules-Microfilaments

-Intermediate filaments

Cells

$100

What is photosynthesis?

Photosythesis

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conversion of light energy to chemical energy

Photosynthesis

$200

What is the chemical equation for

photosynthesis?

Photosynthesis

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CO2 + H2O + light energy → C6H12O6 + O2 + H2O

Photosynthesis

$300

What are the colors of the rainbow? (in

order)

Photosynthesis

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ROY G BIV

Photosynthesis

$400

What is the structure of a chloroplast?

Photosynthesis

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Amphipathic: both polar and non

Photosynthesis

$500

How do plants get out of ATP debt?

Photosynthesis

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Cyclic electron flow

Photosynthesis

$100

Why is respiration important?

Respiration

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Aerobic organisms need O2 for oxidative

phosphorylation

Respiration

$200

How is breathing controlled?

Respiration

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Medulla oblongata & pons

Respiration

$300

How are gases exchanged across

selectively permeable membranes?

Respiration

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Simple Diffusion

Respiration

$400

What is the difference between positive & negative

breathing?

Respiration

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- Positive: tongue pushes air down into lungs – frogs

- Negative: air pulled down into lungs - us

Respiration

$500

What is the flow of air in our respiratory system?

Respiration

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Nostrils nasal cavity pharynx larynx

tracheaBronchi bronchioles

alveoli

Respiration

$100

Why is cell division important?

Cell Division

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- Reproduction – unicellular organisms – binary fission in bacteria

- Growth & development from fertilized egg

- Repair (& replacement) of damaged cells

Cell Division

$200

What are the two major phases of the cell

cycle?

Cell Division

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- Interphase – 90%- Mitotic phase – 10%

Cell Division

$300

What is the difference between animal and plant cytokinesis?

Cell Division

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- Animal – cleavage furrow – cell forms from outside in

- Plants – cell plate – cell forms from inside out

Cell Division

$400

What happens in meiosis I & II?

Cell Division

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Meiosis I: separation of homologous choromosomes

Meiosis II: separation of sister chromatids

Cell Division

$500

What are ways meiosis creates genetic

variation?

Cell Division

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Independent assortment, crossing over during meiosis, & random

fertilization

Cell Division

$100

What is pleiotropy?

Molecular Genetics

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One gene with multiple effects

Molecular Genetics

$200

What are some dominantly inherited

alleles?

Molecular Genetics

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Achondroplasia (dwarfism) &

Huntington’s disease

Molecular Genetics

$300

How does transcription differ in bacterial DNA from eukaryotic DNA?

Molecular Genetics

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Bacterial: transcription is coupled with translation

Eukaryotic: transcription and translation separate

Molecular Genetics

$400

How can bacterial cells do genetic

recombination?

Molecular Genetics

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Transformation, transduction, conjugation, *transposons

Molecular Genetics

$500

How are metabolic pathways regulated?

Molecular Genetics

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Inhibition of enzyme activity & inhibition of

transcription

Molecular Genetics

$100

What is artificial selection?

Evolution & classification

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Selective breeding to encourage the occurrence of

desirable traits


$200

What is the evidence for evolution?


Back $200

Homologous structures, comparative embryology,

molecular biology, biogeography, & fossils


$300

What is a heterozygous advangtage?


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Sickle cell allele and malaria resistance


$400

How can natural selection change a population?


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Directional selection, disruptive selection, &

stabilizing selection


$500

What are the 5 requirements for a

population to be in a Hardy-Weinberg

equilibruim?


Back $500

Large population, isolated population, no net

mutations, random mating, & no natural selection


DoubleJeopardy!!!

Plant systems

Animal Systems

Ecology

Labs

Biotechnology

Things We Didn’t Cover

Plant Systems

$200

Ecology Biotechnology Labs Things WeDidn’t Cover

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$600 $600 $600 $600 $600 $600

$800 $800 $800 $800 $800 $800

$1000 $1000 $1000 $1000 $1000 $1000

Animal Systems

$200

What are the 3 tissues systems of plants?

Plant Systems

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Dermal, ground, & vascular

Plant Systems

$400

Where do plants grow?

Plant Systems

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meristems

Plants Systems

$600

What are all plant cells derived from?

Plant Systems

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Parenchyma cells

Plant Systems

$800

What type of plant cells have uneven &

thicker primary walls?

Plants Systems

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Collenchyma

Plant Systems

$1000

How are leaves structured?

Plants Systems

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Palisade mesophyll & spongy mesophyll

Plant Systems

$200

What is organogenesis?

Animal Systems

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Creation of organ

Animal Systems

$400

What are the 4 extra embryonic

membranes in the amniotic egg?

Animal Systems

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Amnion, allantois, chorion, yolk sac

Animal Systems

$600

What are the 3 main functions of the nervous

system?

Animal Systems

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Sensory input, integration, and

motor output

Animal Systems

$800

Why is Ca+ important for muscle contraction?

Animal Systems

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Exposes myosin-binding site on actin

Animal Systems

$1000

What is the charge of a neuron?

Animal Systems

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-70mv

Animal Systems

$200

What is an ecosystem?

Ecology

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All the organisms living within an area & all the

abiotic factors they interact with

Ecology

$400

What is the difference between Gross

Primary Productivity & Net PP?

Ecology

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GPP = total primary productivity NPP = GPP – respiration (energy

used by organisms)

Ecology

$600

What are the 3 levels of biodiversity?

Ecology

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Genetic diversity, species diversity, & ecosystem diversity

Ecology

$800

What are things threatening biodiversity?

Ecology

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Habitat loss, introduced species, &

overexploitation

Ecology

$1000

What’s the difference between fragmentation, an

edge, and a corridor?

Ecology

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Fragmentation – division of natural habitat

Edge – boundary between ecosystems – species rich

Corridor – movement strip that connects habitats

Ecology

$200

What is the scientific method?

Labs

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A way to solve problems

Labs

$400

What elements to a good experimet?

Labs

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Hypothesis, IV & DV, control & experimental group,

constants, controls random sampling, large sample size,

labeled graphs, repetition

Labs

$600

What instrument was used to measure respiration in the respiration lab?

Labs

Back $600

Repirometer

Labs

$800

Why are flies good models for genetics?

Labs

Back $800

- small, lots maintained in small area- cheap

- large volume of literature (lots known about them)

- 4 chromosomes = simple genetics- phenotypes easy to observe

- many offspring from one mating (500+ eggs)

- short generation time

Labs

$1000

Why do flies have sex combs?

Labs

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To stay ahold of females during sexual

activity

Labs

$200

How is a gene cut out of a chromosome?

Biotechnology

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Restriction enzymes

Biotechnology

$400

What is PCR & how is it used?

Biotechnology

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Polymerase chain reaction

Used to amplify DNA

Biotechnology

$600

What is Southern blot analysis?

Biotechnology

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Transfers DNA from gel to a solid substrate

(nitrocellulose paper)

Biotechnology

$800

What is a DNA microarray?

Biotechnology

Back $800

Method used to measure expression

of thousands of genes at once

Biotechnology

$1000

What is a northern blot & a western blot?

Biotechnology

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northern – detects RNA with nucleic acid probe

western – detects protein with an antibody

Biotechnology

$200

How long can humans survive without food

and water?


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Food: a few weeksWater: about a week


$400

How long does it take for bulk feeders to digest their meals?


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About 2 weeks


$600

What vitamin is found in dairy products, egg yolk, & is present in sunlight?


Back $600

Vitamin D


$800

What vitamin is important in blood clotting?


Back $800

Vitamin K


$1000

What stimulates the release of digestive enzymes from the pancreas and bile from the

gallbladder?


Back $1000

Cholecystokinin (CCK)


FinalJeopardy!!!

How has molecular biology helped in classifying

organisms?

Final Jeopardy!!!

Molecular biology has helped through the

phylogenic relationship between DNA sequencing and protein sequencing.

Final Jeopardy!!!

Documents

Cells - structure, function, membranes, different types