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CELLULAR RESPIRATION chapter 9. SC B-3.2 Summarize the basic aerobic & anaerobic processes of cellular respiration & interpret the equation. Chapter 9 Section 1. Essential Question: How would you distinguish the two main types of fermentation?. CELLULAR RESPIRATION. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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CELLULAR RESPIRATIONCHAPTER 9
SC B-3.2 Summarize the basic aerobic & anaerobic processes of cellular respiration & interpret the equation
Chapter 9 Section 1 Essential Question: How would you distinguish the
two main types of fermentation?
CELLULAR RESPIRATION IS THE PROCESS THAT RELEASES
ENERGY BY BREAKING DOWN GLUCOSE IN THE PRESENCE OF OXYGEN
Cellular Respiration Equation
CELLULAR RESPIRATION: 3 PARTS IN CYTOPLASM (ANAEROBIC)
GLYCOLYSIS (FERMENTATION in absence of oxygen)
IN MITOCHONDRIA (AEROBIC) KREBS CYCLE (aka CITRIC ACID CYCLE) ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN &
CHEMIOSMOSIS
GLYCOLYSIS GLUCOSE ENTERS
CELL VIA FACILITATED DIFFUSION
performed by both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells
GLUC GLUCOSE-6-PHOSPHATE 2 PYRUVATE
(3-carbon molecule)
COSTS THE CELL 2 ATP BUT MAKES 4 ATP (net gain of 2 ATP)
2 NAD+ 2 NADH
GLYCOLYSIS
GLYCOLYSIS WHAT IT NEEDS:
GLUCOSE 2 ATP 4 ADP + 4 P 2NAD+
WHAT IT MAKES: 2- PYRUVATES 2 ADP + 2 P 4 ATP 2 NADH
FERMENTATION ANAEROBIC IN CYTOPLASM NADH NAD+
(which is used again in glycolysis)
2 TYPES: ALCOHOLIC
YEAST BACTERIA
LACTIC ACID ANIMAL MUSCLE
FIBERS
ALCOHOLIC FERMENTATION
LACTIC ACID FERMENTATION
Chapter 9 Section 2:Aerobic Respiration
Essential Question” How is energy transferred
through the various stages of aerobic cellular respiration?
KREBS CYCLE: occurs in matrix 2 PYRUVATE
ENTER MITOCHONDRIAL MATRIX
6 CO2 CITRIC ACID 1ST
CPD FORMED HENCE aka CITRIC ACID CYCLE
KREBS CYCLE PRODUCTS: 8 NAD+ 8 NADH 2 FAD+ 2 FADH2 2 ATP 6 CO2
FOR EACH MOLECULE OF GLUCOSE: know what comes out the Krebs Cycle
Krebs Cycle has many reactions (you do not need to know them) that releases the carbons from pyruvate as CO2 and transfers electrons & H+ to NAD+ and FAD NADH & FADH2
What are NADH & FADH2 ? they are very similar to NADPH
in photosynthesis They carry electrons from
Kreb’sCycle to electron transport chain (that’sall you need to know about them)
From the Krebs Cycle, NADH & FADH2 move to the inner membrane of the mitochondria (called the cristae) and transfer the electrons they are carrying to the electron transport chain in the cristae.
As the electrons move down the chain they lose energy some of which is used to move H+ from the matrix to the intermembrane space
ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN - 1 Electron transport chain activities aka
oxidative phosphorylation hi energy e- move thru a series of e-
carrier molecules in the cristae energy from 2 e- transported down the
electron transport chain moves H+ across the membrane into the intermembrane space (aka the outer membrane space)
Inner compartment = matrixouter compartment = intermembrane space (space between outer membrane of mitochondria and inner membrane or cristae
ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN - 2 Chemiosmosis:
process in which the energy generated by oxidative phosphorylation generates a proton gradient across the cristae that drives the enzymatic synthesis of ATP
The cristae contain proteins called ATP SYNTHASE which act as a H+ CHANNEL PROTEIN (proton pump) & as an enzyme,
ATP SYNTHASE
Role of O2
At the end of the e- transport chain O2 picks up the e- and combines with H+ to form H2O
Animations of cellular respiration http://vcell.ndsu.nodak.edu/animations/
http://vcell.ndsu.nodak.edu/animations/etc/index.htm
http://www.wwnorton.com/college/biology/discoverbio4/animations/main.aspx?chno=ch08p02a
http://www.mhhe.com/biosci/bio_animations/MH01_CellularRespiration_Web/index.html
Comparing Photosynthesis & Cellular Respiration
captures energy from the Sun
occurs in chloroplast reactants: 6CO2 + 6H2O +
light products: C6H12O6 + 6O2
releases energy from food
occurs in mitochondrion
reactants: C6H12O6 + 6O2 products: 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + 36
ATP
PHOTOSYNTHESIS CELLULAR RESPIRATION
ANIMATIONS! http://www.sp.uconn.edu/~terry/images/
anim/ATPmito.html
http://www.science.smith.edu/departments/Biology/Bio231/
http://www.johnkyrk.com/mitochondrion.html
More Animations! (chapter review)
http://www.wwnorton.com/college/biology/discoverbio4/animations/main.aspx?chno=ch08p02a
http://www.wwnorton.com/college/biology/discoverbio4/animations/main.aspx?chno=ch08p02b
http://www.wwnorton.com/college/biology/discoverbio4/animations/main.aspx?chno=ch08p02c
http://www.wwnorton.com/college/biology/discoverbio4/animations/main.aspx?chno=ch08p02d