CENTENARY TIMELINE FOR THE COUNTY OF CORK (1920 1923) … · 2020. 2. 28. · CENTENARY TIMELINE FOR THE COUNTY OF CORK (1920 – 1923) – WAR OF INDEPENDENCE AND CIVIL WAR Guidance

CENTENARY TIMELINE FOR THE COUNTY OF CORK (1920 – 1923)

– WAR OF INDEPENDENCE AND CIVIL WAR

Guidance Note: This document provides hundreds of key dates with regard to the involvement of County Cork in the War of Independence and Civil War.

These include the majority of the key occurrences of 1920 – 1923 including all major events from the County of Cork (including some other locations that

involved people from County Cork), as well as key developments on the national level (or elsewhere in the country) during this timeframe (blue). All key

ambushes, attacks and executions are included as well as events that saw the loss of life of Cork people, whether in Cork County or further afield. A number

of notable events pertaining to Cork City (note: not all) are also included (green) and a details/link section is provided to indicate the source material.

While every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of information contained within this document, given the volume of material and variations in the

historical record, there will undoubtedly be errors, omissions and other such issues. It is the intention of Cork County Council’s Commemorations Committee

that this will remain a ‘live document’ and all suggested additional dates/amendments/etc. are most welcome, with this document being continually

updated as appropriate.

Cork County Council’s Commemorations Committee recognises and wishes to pay tribute to the excellent research already undertaken by some excellent

scholars regarding this time period and looks forward to further correspondence from community groups and other interested persons.

It is the purpose of this document to provide such dates that will assist local community groups in the organising of their local centenary events.

All correspondence can be sent to [email protected]. Document Last Updated on 28/02/2020

mailto:[email protected]

THE WAR OF INDEPENDENCE AND CIVIL WAR IN THE COUNTY OF CORK 1920-1923

TITLE BEGIN DETAIL DETAILS/LINK

Carrigtwohill: RIC barracks captured by IRA - (reported as the first officially-sanctioned attack on an RIC barracks)

02/01/1920 to

03/01/1920

IRA volunteers under Mick Leahy of the 1st Cork Brigade captured Carrigtwohill RIC barracks. This is reported as the first officially-

sanctioned attack on an RIC barracks, which was undertaken by the Midleton and Cobh IRA Active Service Units on the night of 02

January and the early hours of 03 January.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Irish_War_of_Independence

+ http://www.corkpastandpresent.ie/history/timeline

-1918-1923/1920.html

Castlemartyr: RIC barracks captured by IRA

09/02/1920

On 9 February the Castlemartyr RIC Barracks was raided by a party of Irish Volunteers lead by Captain Diarmuid Hurley. The attack was

unplanned and only a small party of 10-14 volunteers were involved. The Castlemartyr Barracks was garrisoned by eight RIC personnel including two sergeants. According to sources, two of

the garrison (Sergeant O’Brien and Constable Collins) were held up on the main Midleton road after returning from policing a fair in

the town.

http://www.corkpastandpresent.ie/history/timeline

-1918-1923/1920.html

Allihies: RIC barracks captured by IRA - One Fatality

12/02/1920 An IRA unit led by Seán Hales attacked Allihies RIC barracks killing an RIC officer (Constable Michael Neenan). Afterwards, the RIC

abandoned several small barracks in the area.


and Barry Keane

Cobh: Arms Capture - One Fatality

03/03/1920

William Newman died when the IRA attempted to capture arms at Queenstown (Cobh). Five soldiers were held up outside

Rushbrooke Docks and Private Newman was shot when he tried to escape.

Barry Keane

Glanmire: Ambush - One Fatality

11/03/1920 to

12/03/1920

RIC Constable Timothy Scully (aged 64) was shot dead when his patrol was ambushed returning to barracks in Glanmire. In reprisal,

RIC officers attacked homes in Cork City.


http://www.corkpastandpresent.ie/history/timeline-1918-1923/1920.html



https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Irish_War_of_Independence%20and%20based%20on%20the%20work%20of%20Historian%20Barry%20Keane




Cork City: Fatal Shooting

19/03/1920 RIC Constable Joseph Murtagh (aged 45) was shot dead in an IRA

ambush in Cork city while he was returning from a colleague's funeral.


Assassination of Tomás MacCurtain (ref Cork City and Mourneabbey)

20/03/1920

Lord Mayor of Cork, from Mourneabbey, Tomás MacCurtain, was shot dead in his family home in front of his family on the morning

of his thirty sixth birthday. He was then the Brigade Commander of the IRA No. 1 Cork Brigade and had become a clear target to British reprisals due to the public nature of his position as well as his well known republican connections. The night before his murder, Mr Tomás MacCurtain, was working late at Cork City Hall with the

town clerk, Con Harrington. Tadhg Barry came in to warn him that there would be reprisal set against him by the British if another RIC member was shot in Cork. As Mr MacCurtain made his way home he was approached and warned that a RIC Constable Murtagh had

been shot on Popes Quay late on March 19th. At approximately 1.00 am in the early hours of Saturday morning, 20 March, Tomás MacCurtain and his wife, Mrs Elizabeth MacCurtain, were woken from their sleep by loud knocking on the front door of the shop. Tomas MacCurtain was shot twice in his room. An inquest was

completed on 17 April which had witnesses including 64 police, 31 civilians and 2 military personnel. The verdict given was that Mr

Tomás MacCurtain was wilfully murdered, and that the murder was organised and carried out by the Royal Irish Constabulary, officially directed by the British government. It returned a verdict of wilful murder against David Lloyd George, Prime Minister of England;

Lord French, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland; Ian Macpherson, late chief secretary of Ireland; acting Inspector General Smith, of the Royal Irish Constabulary; Divisional Inspector Clayton, of the Royal Irish

Constabulary; District Inspector Swanzy, and some unknown members of the Royal Irish Constabulary.


-1918-1923/1920.html




Blacks and Tans Arrive in Ireland

25/03/1920 Black and Tans arrive - they are primarily ex-soldiers recruited to

reinforce the RIC


Better Government of Ireland Bill Passed

29/03/1920 Better Government of Ireland Bill was passed by 348 votes to 94 in

Westminster


Durrus - Unsuccessful Attack on Barracks

31/03/1920 Unsuccessful IRA attack on RIC barracks at Durrus, West Cork Martin Millerick

RIC Barracks and Income Tax Offices burned across Ireland by IRA

03/04/1920 to

04/04/1920

IRA burn over 300 abandoned RIC barracks in rural areas + over 100 income tax offices across Ireland

Martin Millerick

IRA prisoners in Mountjoy began a hunger strike

05/04/1920 IRA prisoners began a hunger strike in Mountjoy Prison, demanding

prisoner of war status


Clonakilty - Fatal Incident - One Fatality

22/04/1920 to

24/02/1920

IRA shot dead a DMP sergeant [Michael McCarthy] in Clonakilty. He was shot on the 22nd April and declared dead on April 24. He

was a member of the Dublin Metropolitan Police who was home on leave at the time.


and Barry Keane

Ballinspittle: Ambush - Two Fatalities

25/04/1920

IRA ambushed and killed two RIC officers (Sgt Cornelius Crean, aged 48, and Constable Patrick McGoldrick, aged 59). They had left

the RIC barracks at Innishannon and were ambushed as they reached Ballinspittle.


and http://www.theirishrevol

ution.ie

Cloyne: Barracks captured by IRA

08/05/1920 The IRA 1st Cork Brigade, led by Mick Leahy, captured Cloyne

Barracks






Timoleague - Ahawadda Ambush - Three Fatalities

10/05/1920

Three RIC constables, Sergt. John Flynn, Constables William Brick and Edward Dunne, who were stationed at Timoleague, were

ambushed and shot dead at Ahawadda, just outside Timoleague on May 10th. 1920. A fourth constable, Arthur Grimsdale survived. This

caused great outrage at the time, with the parish priest of Timoleague Fr. O’Hea and the Bishop of Ross, Most Rev. Dr. Kelly

foremost in leading condemnation of the ambush.

Barry Keane

Cork City - Two shot dead

12/05/1920 Sergeant Denis Garvey and Constable Daniel Harrington were shot dead while Constable Doyle was wounded on the Lower Road Cork

near the railway station. Barry Keane

Eye for an Eye, Tooth for a Tooth

14/05/1920 to

15/05/1920

Every member of the Dáil (not already in prison) received a note through the post that said "An eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth.

Therefore a life for a life"


Blarney - RIC Barracks destroyed by IRA

01/06/1920 RIC Barracks in Blarney destroyed by IRA https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Irish_War_of_Independence

Carrigadrohid - RIC Barracks destroyed by IRA

01/06/1920 RIC Barracks in Carrigadrohid destroyed by IRA https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Irish_War_of_Independence

British Courts of Assize Fail across the South and West

01/06/1920 to

31/07/1920

British courts of assize failed across the south and west, and trials by jury could not be held because potential jurors refused to

participate. The collapse of the court system demoralized the RIC and many officers left the force.


Local Government Elections 1920 (County Cork)

02/06/1920 Local Government Elections of County Cork 1920

Bantry (Ardnagashel) - Shooting - One Fatality

12/06/1920 Constable Thomas King shot and killed outside Bantry by members

of the IRA. Martin Millerick and Barry

Keane

Bantry - Clonee Wood Ambush - One Fatality

12/06/1920 MM: Clonee wood ambush. RIC officer killed (Constable James

Brett) and one wounded. Martin Millerick and Barry

Keane

Ballincollig - Shooting - One Fatality (accidental)

13/06/1920 Private Edward Statton was accidentally shot at Ballincollig

Barracks before he went on patrol. He was 17 and a member of the Seventeenth Lancers.

Barry Keane

Cork County Council pledges allegiance to Dáil Éireann

19/06/1920

Following the Elections of 1920 some 91% of Municipal and County Councils recognized the Irish Government and declared they no longer gave allegiance to the English Government. Cork County

Council adopted such a resolution on the 19th of June, 1920, with Dómhnall Ó Ceallacháin as Cathaorlach.

Cork County Council Centenary of the First Dáil

Booklet - January 2019

Fermoy - Brigadier-General Cuthbert Lucas Kidnapped - the Highest Ranking Officer to be taken during the War of Independence in Ireland

26/06/1920

On 26 June Liam Lynch and other volunteers of Cork No. 2 Brigade captured Brigadier-General Cuthbert Lucas in Fermoy, the highest

ranking officer to be taken during the conflict. Although he escaped his captor’s custody after a few weeks, the detention of such a significant officer by the IRA was a major issue for the British

Heritage Centenary Sites of Rebel County Cork (p.

78) and https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Irish_War_of_Independence

Cobh - Change of Queenstown to Cobh

02/07/1920 Elected Members change the name of the town from Queenstown

to Cobh

Bantry - Shooting - One Fatality

03/07/1920 Cornelius Crowley was shot dead in his bed and many prominent Sinn Fein members were attacked in Bantry. A Shop and a number

of houses were also burned. Barry Keane

Cork City British Colonel Gerald Smyth assassinated by IRA

17/07/1920

British Colonel Gerald Smyth was assassinated by the IRA in a Cork City country club. Smyth had told RIC officers to shoot civilians who disobeyed orders.. On 17 July 1920 the recently appointed Munster

Divisional Police Commissioner, Lt. Col. Gerard Bryce Ferguson Smyth, was shot by the IRA in a Cork City County Club. Lt Col.

Gerard Bryce Ferguson Smyth was a decorated war hero of the First World War. In June 1920 Colonel Smyth was sent to Ireland at

the height of the War of Independence and was seconded to the RIC. The reason behind the deliberate targeting of Lt. Col Smyth appears to have been for the shoot to kill policy he attempted to encourage in the RIC. On the 17th a dozen members of the No.1 Brigade entered the County Club. One of the men walked up to

Smyth and allegedly said: 'Your orders were to shoot on sight. You are in sight now so make ready', after which he was shot a number of times. On the following day General Strickland, Commander of

British forces in the area, ordered a curfew and armoured cars and military police and soldiers patrolled the streets of Cork.



-1918-1923/1920.html

Cork City - Three Fatalities

19/07/1920 It is understood that three people were shot in Cork City on July 19th 1920: James Bourke; William McGrath, and John O'Brien,

aged 18. Barry Keane

Baile Bhuirne Ambush - Two Fatalaties

20/07/1920

The Irish Times reports that Captain James Airy of the Manchester Regiment was ambushed along with his patrol quarter of a mile

from Ballyvourney and that he had died from his wounds. Private Ernest F. Barlow was also wounded and died. BMH 1543 stated ‘On the third morning, on the 17th July, our expected lorry came along. It was fun of soldiers armed with rifle. As it came into the

ambush position a private car taking a patient to hospital also drove into the ambush position. The private car had been signaled to stop but the driver ignored the signal. The private car was going

towards Macroom. We waited until the private car got past the lorry before we opened fire. In the first volley the driver of the lorry was wounded in the cheek. The lorry for the moment went out of

control and mounted the fence on the side of the road. After travelling a couple of hundred yards with its two left wheels on the fence, the driver managed to get it back on the road after which it

disappeared from our view around a bend…In this encounter a Captain Eyrie was shot dead …to our surprise, no reprisals were carried out in the village. Instead, reprisals were carried out in Fermoy a night or two after the attack…We learned later that Captain Eyrie, who was stationed in Fermoy, had only came to

Macroom the morning 10. he was killed and had only cone for the' drive to Ballyvourney. A short time previous he had criminally

assaulted a young girl in Fermoy as she was returning from school and apparently the authorities were of the opinion that he had been killed by members of the Fermoy I.R.A. for the offence’.

Barry Keane

Mitchelstown - Shootings - Two Fatalities

21/07/1920

Daniel McGrath, aged 18 years, one of a social gathering at Coracunna Cross, Mitchelstown, County Cork, which dispersed in

terror on a shot being fired from a military lorry. McGrath was shot dead when running for cover. Thomas Mc Donnell shot in similar

circumstances.

Barry Keane

Ardgroom - Shooting - Two Fatalities

25/07/1920 Coastguards Philip William Snewin (Snowden) and Charles Brown

were both shot dead in a gunfight at Ballycrovane Coastguard Station which had been raided for arms by the I.R.A.

Barry Keane

Bandon - Assassination of Intelligence Officer

25/07/1920 An RIC Intelligence Officer D/Sgt William Mulherin (aged 38) is

assassinated by the IRA outside St. Patrick's R.C. Church in Bandon.


and Barry Keane

Cork City - One Fatality

26/07/1920 Cornelius Doherty Shot outside St. Francis Church in the city centre

by a passing army or police lorry Barry Keane

Clonakilty - Shooting - One Fatality

27/07/1920 AN RIC Constable (James Murray) is shot on Rossa St. in Clonakilty.


and Barry Keane

Bandon -Shooting at Raid - One Fatality

27/07/1920

Major Percival took Corporal Thomas Maddox with him on an intelligence raid on the home of Sean Buckley, IRA intelligence

officer who lived a few doors from the barracks in Bandon. The IRA had sentries posted and Maddox was shot as the two men

approached the back yard.


and Barry Keane

Auxiliaries arrive in Ireland

27/07/1920

The Auxiliary Division of the Royal Irish Constabulary (ADRIC), generally known as the Auxiliaries or Auxies, was a paramilitary unit of the Royal Irish Constabulary (RIC) during the Irish War of Independence. It was set up in July 1920 and made up of former British Army officers, most of whom came from Great Britain.

https://en.m.wikipedia.org › wiki › Auxiliary_Division

Dunmanway - Shooting - One Fatality

30/07/1920 John M. Kingston was shot while trespassing in a wood near

Dunmanway Barry Keane

Cork City (Military Barracks) - Shooting - One Fatality (accidental)

04/08/1920 Private Herbert Charles Jerrum was accidentally shot by a sentry at

Cork Military Barracks. Barry Keane













https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=3&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwj_ja78r4XlAhXklFwKHSBbBPgQFjACegQIDBAI&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.m.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FAuxiliary_Division&usg=AOvVaw2j99124PpWB2h7kD3RqjmW



Kildorrery - Ambush - One Fatality

07/08/1920

Kildorrery Ambush: The IRA's East Limerick Flying Column, joined forces with a Cork column under Tom Barry Numbering twenty-five

men to ambush a six-man Black and Tans and two-men RIC foot patrol near Kildorrery, County Cork. All the Black and Tans/RIC men were wounded, one fatally (Ernest Watkins). Six revolvers and 250

rounds of ammunition were seized.


and Barry Keane

Terence McSwiney Arrested

12/08/1920

Terence McSwiney, Lord Mayor of Cork, was arrested. McSwiney began a hunger strike in protest and was joined by ten other

prisoners. IRA officers Liam Lynch and Seán Hegarty were also arrested, but mistakenly released by the British. Cork Past and

Present: On 20 March 1920, Terence MacSwiney was unanimously elected Lord Mayor of Cork by the city's Corporation, composed of representatives of Sinn Féin, the Redmond, O’Brien and Unionist parties. In the local elections in 1920 Sinn Fein secured 30 of the

fifty six Cork City Council seats with the collapse in support for the Irish Parliamentary Party which supported constitutional

nationalism. Terence MacSwiney was a well known republican and was the Commander of the No.1 Brigade of the Cork IRA following

the death of Tomás MacCurtain. Due to the escalation of nationalist activity throughout Cork the British authorities sought

to make an example. On Thursday 12 August 1920, the British Military surrounded Cork City Hall and arrested the Lord Mayor, Terence MacSwiney, and ten other prominent Sinn Féiners who

were adjudicating in courts or acting as Officers of the Courts. The Lord Mayor was taken to Victoria Barracks before being moved to

Cork County Gaol. The Lord Mayor, Terence MacSwiney, stated that his arrest and the arrest of the other Council members was illegal and that he would take part in a hunger strike, which he

began on the day of his arrest, until he was freed or would die in protest. Over 50 other political prisoners were also on hunger

strike during this time in the County Gaol.


and http://www.corkpastandpresent.ie/history/timeline

-1918-1923/1920.html





Clonbannin (Boherbue) - Shooting - One fatality

14/08/1920 The newspaper reports that a soldier was shot dead in Clonbannin Co. Cork.. The Irish Times of the 19 August identified him as Private

Albert Edward Nunn from Chesterfield Barry Keane

Kanturk - Two Fatalities

16/08/1920

‘John O'Connell, Derrygallon, County Cork, shot dead by military and police from whom he endeavoured to escape when they came

to arrest him at his own house.’ #2 Patrick Clancy, Derrygallon, County Cork, bayoneted and killed while in custody of military.

Barry Keane and http://theirishrevolution.i

e

Cork City - Pouladuff - Spy Executed

20/08/1920

James Herlihy, and some other civilians, was known to be in touch with the British military and to have supplied to them the names of

prominent local I.R.A. men. These spies had been supplied with revolvers (by the British) for their protection in case of attack by the I.R.A. As the result of military raids on houses of prominent I.R.A. men in the area, it became known that Herlihy was one of

those who had given information. He was taken into custody and removed to the Pouladuff district south of the city, where he was

executed by a firing squad on instructions from the Brigade.'

Michael Collins House

Baile Bhuirne Ambush - One Fatality

21/08/1920

A cycle patrol of twenty British troops was ambushed outside Ballyvourney. An IRA man called on them to halt but they

attempted to ride through the ambush. Four were injured and Fredrick Sharman died at the scene.

Barry Keane

Inchigeelagh Ambush - One Fatality

21/08/1920 On Saturday the 21st of August RIC Sergeant Daniel Maunsell aged

49 was killed in an ambush at Inchegeela Barry Keane

Oswald Seanzy assassinated in Antrim - believed to have been behind assassination of Michael Collins

22/08/1920

District Inspector Oswald Swanzy is assassinated in Lisburn, County Antrim. Swanzy was seen as one of the key architects of Tomás

MacCurtain's death. Having been transferred from Cork to Lisburn for his safety, he was traced to Antrim and assassinated by

members of Collins' 'Squad' and a young member of the Cork No. 1 Brigade who had allegedly been given MacCurtain's personal gun to

carry out the assassination with.

Michael Collins House

Lissarda Ambush - Michael Galvin killed

22/08/1920

After the killing of RIC Sergeant Maunsell on 21, August 1920 a lorry load of police, including the RIC county inspector drove to

Macroom from Bandon the next morning to investigate the incident. They passed through the village of Lissarda on the way.

After this was noted a group of local volunteers made preparations to engage them on their return. As the police drove through

Lissarda on their return journey they were forced to stop by a cart which had been positioned across the main road. They were

ordered to surrender but immediately opened fire on the ambushers. Michael Galvin was killed.

Barry Keane

Charleville - Accidental Shooting - One Fatality

24/08/1920 Private Joseph Evans was accidentally shot on the main street of

Charleville by another soldier Barry Keane

Glengarriff - Shooting - One Fatality

24/08/1920 Two Constables [John McNamara and Patrick Cleary] shot in

Glengarriffe County Cork by men who apparently came over the Caha mountains from Kenmare. [Constable John McNamara dies].

Barry Keane


25/08/1920 Constable Mathew Haugh shot dead in Bantry. Barry Keane

Millstreet - Shooting - One Fatality

26/08/1920 Both men [Dodd and Kelly] were shot by the same bullet

discharged accidentally by Private Wardell in Millstreet. CN Private John Kelly dies.

Barry Keane

Midleton - Shooting - one fatality

27/08/1920 John Buckley, Midleton, County Cork, shot dead while being

conveyed with his brother, to whom he was bound with ropes, in a covered lorry under an escort of 20 armed soldiers.

Barry Keane

Castlemartyr - Shooting - one fatality

28/08/1920 A Soldier was shot dead in Castlemartyr. The Irish Times identified

the location as Cahirmore and the victim as Private Charles Edward Hall.

Barry Keane

Cobh - Shooting - one fatality

28/08/1920 George Walker, Queenstown, County Cork, a wounded ex-soldier

unable to raise his hands rapidly enough when called upon by military, was promptly shot and after falling was bayoneted.

Barry Keane

Brinny: Ambush - One Fatality

29/08/1920 Tim Fitzgerald is the first member of the Cork No. 3 Brigade to be killed on duty. A planned ambush at Brinny for the Essex Regiment

was surprised by Crown forces.

Michael Collins House and historicgraves.com

Cork City - one fatality

01/09/1920

Date Uncertain: A man named Brady, a native of Dublin, who was employed as a printer in Macroom, had been under suspicion as an

enemy agent. On a night in September he was drinking with Auxiliaries at the Market Bar and was overheard by the proprietor, Mr. Shields, and two recently resigned R.I.C. Men, brothers, named

Vaughan, giving information that Barret's house in the South Square was being used by the I.R.A. as a billet. Word was conveyed

by Shields and the Volunteers using the house were alerted and when the raid took place no one was found on the premises. Brady was arrested by the IRA, convicted after a trial and deported from

the country. He returned after some weeks and visited Union Quay Barracks, Cork. He was shadowed one night as he left this post and

he was shot dead at Tory top Lane.

Barry Keane

Baile Bhuirne - Shootings - Two Fatalities

05/09/1920

#1 Patrick Hegarty, Ballyvourney, County Cork, shot dead when machine-gun fire was opened from an apparently deserted military motor lorry which was being viewed on the roadside by a crowd of young people. #2 ‘Michael Lynch, Ballyvourney, County Cork, shot dead when cycling past in apparently deserted military motor lorry

from which machine-gun fire was opened on a crowd of young people who were viewing it by the road-side.’ .

Barry Keane


15/09/1920

The Brigade had ample evidence that John O'Callaghan was conveying information to the British. He was taken into custody by

the IRA to the Thomas Ashe Hall, Father Mathew Quay, Cork, where he was placed under guard. Later that evening he was taken

by car outside the city and executed.

Barry Keane

Mallow - Capturing of Barracks - one fatality

28/09/1920

Members of Cork No. 2 Brigade led by Liam Lynch and GHQ organiser Ernie O'Malley capture a British military barracks in

Mallow. The town is destroyed in a reprisal. - They seized weaponry, freed prisoners and killed a British sergeant (William

George Gibbs). It was the only British Army barracks to be captured during the war. British troops burned many buildings in the town in

reprisal

Michael Collins House & https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Irish_War_of_Independence

and www.irishmedals.ie/britis

h-Soldiers.php

Buttevant - Shooting - one fatality

30/09/1920 Patrick Nunan was shot at Ardpatrick, Buttevant by uniformed men

who apparently called to the wrong house Barry Keane

Skibbereen -House Raid - One Fatality

01/10/1920

According to the West Cork Eagle armed men had broken in to the Shannon household and Philip Shannon had fought them off with a blackthorn stick. This was despite having a revolver pointed at him.

The armed men retreated. The following morning when the Shannons came out of the house 'a fellow ran in the gate and fired point blank at Samuel Richard Shannon who was shot in the side

and died.


e/1920-70/#.XZnGICV7lUM


03/10/1920 Constable Clarence Chave was killed on Patrick’s Street Barry Keane

Chetwynd (relevance also to Clondrohid)- shooting - one fatality

05/10/1920

Bureau Military History WS The Essex regiment surrounded a IRA ambush at the Chetwynd Viaduct just outside Cork city. Bureau

Military History Witness Statement Michael O’Regan. One of the main body, a man named Jeremiah Herlihy, signaller, was captured by the military and told to run. He turned and just walked away and was shot in the neck as he did so. He was found, a few hours later, taken to a hospital in Cork city where he died the next day. He was

later buried at Cloundrohid [sic] with military honours’.

Barry Keane

Newcestown Ambush - two fatalities

09/10/1920

The Essex regiment was on patrol through the heart of the IRA ‘safe zone’ at Newcestown when the IRA ambushed them in an

impromptu ambush. Both Lieutenants [Robert Robertson and Gurth Richardson] were killed and Major Arthur Percival, Sgt

Benton and Private Wotton were all awarded medals. Richardson Gurth Alwyn, (Flight Lieutenant Royal Air Force) and Robertson

Robert Douglas Finch (Lieutenant, 1st Battalion Essex Regiment). Robertson died on 12/10/1920.

Barry Keane


12/10/1920

Private John Gordon Squibbs of the Hampshire Regiment was killed by a grenade which was thrown into a military lorry. After the

killing at the South Gate Bridge ‘Revenge tonight’ was scrawled on the wall. That night the first attempt to burn Cork City Hall

occurred. The Freemans Journal had a report of the military inquiry on October 9 which establishes the facts.

Barry Keane

Skibbereen - Shooting - One Fatality

13/10/1920

On 18th September the SS reports that Dunmanway had been raided by the British who were being lead by John Hawkes (alias

James Mahony). He was shot as he left the workhouse in Skibbereen where he had slept for the night. He had gone to the

police barracks the night before telling them that the IRA was after him. He was a suspected spy. The military confirmed that he had

been working for them. On 2nd July 1921 the Southern Star reported that his mother was awarded compensation of £300 for

his death.

Barry Keane

Dublin (ref Glantane, County Cork) - One Fatality

14/10/1920 Liam Ó Connaill, from the Kilshannig Parish, was killed in conflict in

Dublin on 14th October 1920 Monument in Glantane

Ballymakeera - Shooting - one fatality

15/10/1920 James Lehane, Ballymakeera, county Cork, taken from the shop where he worked by police, who shot him dead near his father's

house. Barry Keane

Bandon - one fatality

15/10/1920 John Connolly, Bandon, county Cork, found buried near the

military barracks where he had been a prisoner in custody for 15 Barry Keane

days.


16/10/1920 Michael Griffin was injured during a police search in the city centre

and died on 16 October. Barry Keane


16/10/1920 Patrick Mc Nestry’s death is recorded on 16 October 1920. Buried

in the Republican Plot St. Finbarr’s Cemetery Cork Barry Keane

Fermoy - Michael Fitzgerald dies on Hunger Strike

17/10/1920

Michael Fitzgerald (1881 - 17/10/1920) was born in Ballyoran Fermoy. Following the September, 1919 attack on a British armed party outside the Wesleyan church at Fermoy in which one soldier

was killed, a number of local volunteers were arrested and detained. However, despite the threat of heavy penalties, no jury

could be empowered to try the prisoners and they remained in custody at Cork Jail. On August 11, 1920 Michael Fitzgerald,

together with a number of other untried prisoners, began a hunger strike for release, which ended in his death sixty-seven days later.

He is buried at KIlcrumper Cemetery, Fermoy.


and Barry Keane

Mallow - Shooting - One Fatality

18/10/1920 Edward Turner was shot and killed by firing from British forces in the town park at Mallow after the wounding of a British soldier at

the Barracks by the IRA. Barry Keane

Leap - Ambush - two fatalities

21/10/1920 to

08/11/1920

Berite Rippingdale died from gunshot wounds inflicted on October 21st 1921 and he died the following day. Rundale died on 8

November after developing a bowel obstruction resulting from his shooting.

Barry Keane

Toureen (Ballinhassig)- Ambush - two fatalities

22/10/1920

IRA 3rd Cork Brigade personnel attacked a lorry carrying British troops from the Essex Regiment at the Toureen Ambush, on the road between Bandon and Cork. Three soldiers were killed, [Lt

W.A. Dixon, Charles Reid and Thomas Bennett]. Ten more were captured, disarmed and then released. This was the first organised

ambush by the 3rd West Cork Brigade.


and Barry Keane










Death of Terence McSwiney

25/10/1920

Terence MacSwiney, Lord Mayor of Cork, who had represented Mid-Cork in the First Dáil, died in Brixton Prison in London after 74

days on hunger strike. His protest, death and funeral attracted international attention to the fight for Irish Independence. At the time of his Court Martial Terence MacSwiney had already begun a hunger strike in opposition to his arrest. Despite the Lord Mayor being gravely ill from his hunger strike he declared that he would

continue the hunger strike until he was released or died of starvation. The British Government feared that releasing him would spark mutiny in Ireland, this was despite requests by King George V

for his release. The Lord Mayor continued his hunger strike and after 74 days, on the 25 October, he passed away.

Michael Collins House + http://www.corkpastandpresent.ie/history/timeline

-1918-1923/1920.html

Cork City - Death of Joseph Murphy

25/10/1920

Joe Murphy, from Pouladuff Road in Ballyphehane, joined the Irish Volunteers in 1917 and took place in numerous actions during the

War of Independence. He was arrested in July 1920 and imprisoned in Cork Gaol. He went on hunger strike along with ten other

prisoners in July 1920. He died after 76 days without food on 25th October 1920 . He is buried in St Finbarr’s Cemetery. WIKIPEDIA:

Michael Fitzgerald and Joseph Murray died on hunger strike. Both men, along with eight others, had been arrested along with

MacSwiney. They were known as the Cork Ten because all ten went on the hunger strike together. After Fitzgerald and Murray died,

Arthur Griffith called off the hunger strike and the other eight recovered

Barry Keane and https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Irish_War_of_Independence

Clonakilty: Shootings - Two Fatalities

30/10/1920

Two individuals who deserted on 30 October 1920 from the Essex Regiment were shot by the West Cork Brigade because they had

too much information [Percy Talyor and Thomas Watling]. John L. Sullivan explains that the two men were shot after they had given

information about Bandon barracks which led to the death of three IRA men on 3 December.

Barry Keane





Knockraha- Two Fatalities

30/10/1920

Bernard Brown and David Rutherford were motorcycling from Fermoy to Killarney and were most likely captured outside Cork

City near Killeens. There is little doubt that they were killed most likely at Knockraha where the 1st Brigade prison was located and

where the warder remembers four British officers in captivity around this time.

Barry Keane

No. 3 Cork Brigade Flying Column formed

31/10/1920 The Cork No. 3 Brigade flying column is formed. Tom Barry is

appointed commander.

Macroom - Shooting - One Fatality

31/10/1920

Capt. Phil Kelleher, RIC District Inspector, Macroom shot dead by IRA. Had boasted that he would ‘clean up’ the Macroom area of

IRA. Source: Cumann Staire Bhéal Átha na Ghaorthaidh –www.ballingearyhs.com/journal2004/forgte_not_kilmichael.html

Martin Millerick

DUBLIN - First Irish Republican executed by British - Kevin Barry

01/11/1920

Kevin Gerard Barry was the first Irish republican to be executed by the British since the leaders of the Easter Rising. Barry was

sentenced to death for his part in an Irish Volunteers operation which resulted in the deaths of three British soldiers.


Union Hall - One Fatality

05/11/1920 to

08/11/1920

Young and married for only three weeks, Private Percy Victor Starling was mortally wounded by the accidental discharge of a

rifle at the coastguard station in the village of Union Hall on Friday morning, 5 November 1920. Two other soldiers were also wounded by the discharge. Starling was conveyed to the Royal Naval Hospital

at Haulbowline, where he died on 8 November of peritonitis stemming from a bullet wound in the abdomen

http://theirishrevolution.ie/1920-

101/#.Xhev6OvgpUM

Youghal - One Fatality

05/11/1920 [William King] Killed in a barbershop in Youghal. Four other

soldiers were also involved. Apparently, these events were part of reprisals after the Kinsalebeg ambush a few days earlier.

Barry Keane

Ballingeary - House Raid - One Fatality

10/11/1920 Christopher Lucy, Cork city, traced to a house in Ballingeary,

County Cork, by police who forced an entry and shot him dead. Barry Keane

Waterfall - Kidnapping - Three Fatalities

15/11/1920

Stewart Chambers; Montague Green and William Watts were kidnapped and killed by the IRA when they were taken off a train at Waterfall station outside Cork. Their bodies were apparently buried

in a local quarry and remain undiscovered.

Barry Keane

Coachford and Rusheen (also ref Cork City) - Two Fatalities

16/11/1920

Auxiliaries Lt. L Mitchell and B. V. A. Agnew left Marcoom on 15 November and checked in to the Imperial Hotel Cork after which

they disappeared. There are various versions of this story all centered around the date. Some place these abductions on

November 6th and the point of capture at Coachford with the place of execution at Rusheen. Others place the abduction in Cork City. It is possible that there are two sets of intelligence officers missing at

the same time.


128/#.XhevzuvgpUN

Cork City - Four Fatalities

17/11/1920

RIC sergeant James O'Donoghue was assassinated by IRA volunteers in White Street in Cork City. BK: That night three men

were shot dead in Cork by men in military uniform (Patrick Hanley (aged 17); Eugene O'Connell, and James Coleman). It is also

understood that a fourth - Stephen Colemam - was also killed.


Durrus - IRA Officers Captured

19/11/1920 Four IRA officers captured by the Auxiliaries in Durrus, County Cork. Only the intervention of a colonel of the King's Liverpool Regiment

prevented the men from being summarily executed.


and Barry Keane

Cork City, Carrigrohane - One Fatality

20/11/1920 British Army Intelligence Officer [Joseph Thompson] knocked off

his motor bicycle at Carrigrohane and shot by the IRA.


e/1920-116/#.Xhez2uvgpUM





Dublin - Bloody Sunday

21/11/1920

The infamous Bloody Sunday. Members of the 'Squad' and the Dublin Brigade carry out the assassination of 14 suspected

intelligence agents in Dublin, In retaliation; Crown forces open fire at a Gaelic Football match in Croke Park between Dublin and

Tipperary. 14 people are killed, including Tipperary player Michael Hogan. That night, Conor Clune, along with high-ranking IRA

officers Dick McGee and Peadar Claney, were shot, allegedly after attempting to escape. The violence began with a large scale

attempt by the Dublin Brigade of the IRA to assassinate thirty five members of the British Military Intelligence stationed in Ireland in

order to stop intelligence being gathered on IRA members and operations. By 1920 the IRA had largely dismantled the Dublin

Metropolitan Police intelligence organisation known as Division G which provided the mainstay of British intelligence. British Army

Intelligence Centre in Ireland stood up a special plainclothes unit of 18–20 demobilized ex-army officers and some active-duty officers

to conduct clandestine operations against the IRA and this unit became known as the ‘Cairo Gang’. While they were gathering

intelligence on the IRA operatives, sources controlled by Michael Collins had already provided the names of each officer involved in

the gang. The IRA also recruited servant who worked in the boarding houses and hotels the men stayed at. On the morning of 21 November the IRA carried out operations to destroy the Cairo

gang. In simultaneous assassinations twelve of the Intelligence officers as well as a number of Auxiliaries and Court Martial officers were shot. This sent the Intelligence organisation into disarray with any British officers who escaped as well as many not involved with

intelligence operations fleeing to Dublin Castle.


-1918-1923/1920.html

Leap - Shooting - One Fatality

21/11/1920

Killed at Leap The Cork Examiner on 23 November 1920 reported that On Sunday night at Leap, between 8 and 9 o'clock, as

Constables Henry Jays and Mills were passing through the village volleys were fired at them from behind a hoarding near the Cross turning to Glandore. Jays was mortally wounded and died almost

instantaneously.’

Barry Keane and http://www.policerollofhonour.org.uk/forces/ireland_to_1922/ric/ric_roll.ht

m

Millstreet - One Fatality

22/11/1920

The late Paddy McCarthy was born in Meelin and reared in Freemount, not far from Millstreet. He became an active member of Óglaigh na hÉireann following the 1916 Easter Rising. On May 8,

1918 he was charged with a gun offence and imprisoned for 18 months. He was held in Belfast and in Manchester where he

managed to escape in October 1919. He took part in the capture of Mallow Barracks in September 1920. He met his fate on Mill Lane on the night of the 22nd November 1920, when his Flying Column

took on the British Forces in Millstreet.

Barry Keane

Kildorrery - Shooting - One Fatality

26/11/1920 [Denis O'Connell] shot in KiIldorrery by British Army. Barry Keane

Cork City - RIC Inspector Madden killed

26/11/1920 RIC Inspector Robert Madden was shot in the jaw on the South

Mall. Barry Keane

Cork City - Bomb Factory Explosion - Two Fatalities

26/11/1920 Premature explosion at Watercourse Road Bomb factory. Cork, The men were buried at St. Finbarr's Cemetery, Cork. [Volunteer Denis

Morrissey and Volunteer William Mulcahy] Barry Keane

Cork City - St. Patrick's Street - accidental explosion, resulting in three fatalities

26/11/1920 One of the three IRA men dropped a grenade he was carrying on St.

Patrick’s Street and they were killed when it exploded. [Patrick O'Donoghue, Patrick Trahy and James Meihigan]

Barry Keane

Glanworth Ambush - three fatalities

26/11/1920 British troops were ambushed and these men killed at Glanworth while returning from the inquest into Denis O’Connell earlier the

same day. [Walter Gammon and Ernest Hall] Barry Keane

Castlemartyr - Shooting - one fatality

27/11/1920

Liam Heffernan was sitting in his car outside a shop in the middle of Castlemartyr waiting for an IRA officer when he was spotted by Constable Timothy Quinn who walked up to him. Shots rang out

and Heffernan was mortally wounded.

Barry Keane

Kilmichael - Ambush - Twenty Fatalities

28/11/1920

The Kilmichael Ambush takes place. Cork No. 3 Brigade's flying column ambushes a patrol of 18 Auxiliaries at Kilmichael, killing 17.[Cecil James Bayley; William T. Barnes, Leonard Bradshaw,

Francis Crake, James Gleave, Philip Graham, Cecil Guthrie, Stanley Hugh-Jones, Hugo Frederick, Albert Jones, Ernest Lucas, William

Pallester, Harold Pearson, Arthur Poole, Francis Taylor, Christopher Wainwright and Benjamin Webster]. It is the greatest

number of casualties inflicted on the Crown forces from a single engagement anywhere in the country. 3 IRA killed [Michael

McCarthy, Jim O'Sullivan and Patrick Deasy].

Martin Millerick + Michael Collins House +

http://www.corkpastandpresent.ie/history/timeline-1918-1923/1920.html +

Barry Keane

Kildorrery - Shooting - One Fatality

29/11/1920 The Irish Independent reported on 29 November 1920 p.5 that

Denis O’Donnell was shot dead by unknown men in the kitchen of his home in Kildorrery.

Barry Keane

Cork City - Two Fatalities

29/11/1920

On the afternoon of 29 November, Volunteers from Cork No. 1 Brigade abducted James Blemens from his home on the Blackrock Road. Later, at 7 pm, they abducted his son, Frederick. There are various accounts but it is believed they were shot and killed south

of the city in Carroll’s bog. ‘

Barry Keane

Dromleigh (Kilmichael) - Shooting - One Fatality

29/11/1920 Kilmichael Historical Society erected plaques at Dromleigh

(remembering Denny O'Sullivan who was shot by the Auxiliaries on 29th November 1920).

Barry Keane


01/12/1920 Carl Jolinson, Norwegian sailor, mortally wounded by auxiliary

police who opened indiscriminate fire on the quays in Cork city. Barry Keane

Knockraha - One Fatality

01/12/1920

James Gordon of Leitrim was captured while drunk sometime in November according to the BMH statement. He was a 'Black & Tan' and was linked by the IRA to the killing of a number of Nationalists.

According to the Irish Military Pensions Application of Edward Maloney of Knockraha Gordon was held in ‘Sing Sing’ vault for

three weeks before being shot by a group which included Malony who stated that four British Officers were held there at the same

time.

Barry Keane

Femoy Ambush - One Fatality

01/12/1920

Shot by Auxiliaries SS 1 December 1920. The website Irish Medals reports ‘On Wednesday the 1st of December 1920 an altercation took place at the Royal Hotel in Fermoy County Cork between a

group of Auxiliaries and Nicholas Prendergast of Black Vale Hotel Fermoy. Prendergast, who was an ex-British Army officer, was

accused by the Auxiliaries of being a member of the I.R.A., when Prendergast refuted the accusation he was dragged into the car park of the Hotel and severally beaten and then thrown into the

river which was in full flow due to flooding at the time. Prendergast’s body was not found for a month when it was

discovered at the weir at Clondulane. The inquest into Prendergast’s death found he died from asphyxia caused by violent

injuries - http://irishmedals.org/civilians-killed.html

Barry Keane and http://irishmedals.org/civi

lians-killed.html

Bandon Military Barracks Ambush - Three Fatalities

02/12/1920 IRA members (Joe Begley (aged 24), John Galvin (18) and Jimmy O'Donoghue (I8)) lured by the promise of arms and ambushed

outside Bandon Military barracks. All three killed.

Barry Keane and https://stairnaheireann.n

et/2016/12/03/1920-three-bandon-members-of-the-ira-were-killed-in-an-ambush-set-by-the-

essex-regiment/

Youghal - Shooting - One Fatality

03/12/1920 Constable Maurice Prenderville RIC shot in Youghal

Barry Keane and https://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/

C13389449

Clashflack - Arrest and Fatality

07/12/1920

Denis Regan, aged 21, Clashflack, County Cork, arrested by military at Bandon and taken under heavy escort in a military motor lorry in

the direction of Clonakilty. His dead body was found on the road later with a bullet wound in the back of the head.


e/1920-163/#.XhfAr-vgpUM

Cork City - Three Fatalities

09/12/1920

John 'Fleming, Cattle Market Avenue, Cork city, died as a result of wounds received when, with two brothers and a friend, fire was

suddenly opened on them from a passing police lorry as they were walking along the street at 4.30 p. m.

George Horgan Matthew Place Ballintemple ex soldier abducted and shot. Warning notice demanding his return by '4 (O Clock)

today Friday- one man and one shop will disappear after the given time.

Shot and killed during a raid on St. Peter’s and Paul’s Church off St Patricks Street was Michael J. Murphy, Tower Street, Cork city. He was shot dead by auxiliary police, who opened fire on worshippers

leaving SS. Peter and Paul's.

Barry Keane

Martial Law declared in Cork, Limerick, Tipperary and Kerry

10/12/1920

On 10 December 1920 Martial law was proclaimed in Counties Cork, Kerry, Limerick, and Tipperary. In January 1921 Martial Law was extended to Clare and Waterford. In a crucial judgement, R.

(Egan) v Macready, the Irish Courts ruled that the Act did not give power to impose the death penalty.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Restoration_of_Orde

r_in_Ireland_Act_1920

Burning of Cork City

11/12/1920

On Saturday 11 December 1920, Martial law was declared in County Cork. On the same morning six IRA Volunteers took up

position on Dillon's cross and ambushed two lorry loads of Auxiliaries of K Company who had left Victoria Barracks to enter

the countryside north of the city. The Lorries were ambushed using Mills Bombs and revolvers which resulted in the death of one

Auxiliary (Spencer Rougier Chapman) and eleven others wounded. Outraged at the attack, Auxiliaries from K Company proceeded to

raid and burn homes in the Dillon’s Cross area. The Auxiliaries then spread out their attacks on civilians throughout the city as they made their way to the centre of the City. Cork was one of four

counties that had a Military curfew in place. Just before 10.00 pm, sporadic gunfire and bombs were reported in the city centre. Just after 10.00 pm Grants & Co, outfitters and general warehouse, on St Patrick's Street was ablaze. It is believed that the building was set on fire by the Auxiliaries who were using incendiary bombs

within the city. A party of Auxiliaries also followed the trail of the Ambushers to Delaney's farm and proceeded to shoot two

brothers, Joseph Delaney and Cornelius Delaney, as well as injuring their elderly uncle. The Cork City Fire Brigade arrived and

began to battle the fire. By 12.30 am the Munster Arcade and Roche’s Stores were now also ablaze. The Auxiliaries prevented the Fire Brigade from putting out burning buildings with force and fired

at people attempting to retrieve property. A Contingent of the Dublin Fire Brigade under the command of Captain Myers arrived

to assist. At around 6.00 am City Hall and the Carnegie Library were set alight and totally destroyed. Cook Street, Winthrop Street and

Oliver Plunkett Street were almost totally destroyed and many shops had been looted of their Christmas stock. The British Military

on Sunday afternoon posted armed Soldiers along Patrick Street. They also issued a warning to people not to congregate and to keep


-1918-1923/1920.html and Barry Keane

their hands out of their pockets. It was not till 10.00 pm on Sunday night that the last of the fires were brought under control and

extinguished. The main merchant section of the city was in ruin with over £20 Million worth of damage occurring. The Chief

Secretary of Ireland, Hamar Greenwood, denied that the Auxiliaries were involved in the rioting, looting and burning of Cork, but because of the mounting evidence against the Auxiliaries, K

Company was moved to Dunmanway and later disbanded in March 1921.

Bishop of Cork Excommunication Decree

12/12/1920 Horrified by the escalation violence, the R. C. Catholic Bishop issues

and excommunication decree to anyone 'who organises or takes part in ambushes or murder or attempted murder'

N/A

Dunmanway - two fatalities

15/12/1920 Auxiliary officer from K Company kills a boy ( Tadhg Crowley) + a

priest, Fr. Thomas J. Magner at Dunmanway. The Officer was later declared insane + later discharged.

Martin Millerick and Barry Keane

Mitchelstown - Glenacurrane Ambush - two fatalities

17/12/1920

Glenacurrane Ambush, just north of Mitchelstown, County Cork. Two Lorries of 20 soldiers of the Lincolnshire Regiment were

ambushed by the East Limerick Brigade Column with help from the Castletownroche Battalion Column (Cork No. 2) and Mitchelstown Company (Cork No.2 Brigade). 2 soldiers killed and four wounded; the other soldiers surrender and their arms are taken from them. Those killed were Sgt. Leonard Ellis and Private Joseph Minchin.


and https://www.cairogang.co

m/soldiers-killed/mitchelstown/mitch

elstown.html

Government of Ireland Act 1920

23/12/1920

The British government passed the 'Government of Ireland Act, 1920'. The Act proposes to partition the island, creating Northern

Ireland and Southern Ireland, and give each jurisdiction its own Home Rule parliament.


Midleton Ambush - Three Fatalities

28/12/1920 Three policemen were ambushed and killed in Midleton by IRA

members - Ernest Dray; Martin Mullen and Arthur Thorp. Barry Keane

Midleton - burning of houses

29/12/1920 British government sanctioned "official reprisals". They were begun with the burning of seven houses in Midleton in reprisal for an IRA

ambush.


Grenagh - Capture and Execution - Fatality Unknown

31/12/1920

Date uncertain: Sometime late in 1920, or early in 1921, a British soldier in uniform without badges was caught in the locality: he

stated he was a deserter. He was held in arrest for some short time while enquiries were being made. It was eventually decided to

execute him after he had been in custody for two days on the farm of a Matt Donovan of Ballyvalloon, situated about 11/2 miles from the village of Grenagh. His remains were buried on the farm. This

may be Belchamber missing from Buttevant - http://www.cairogang.com/soldiers-killed/belchamber/belchamber.html

Barry Keane

Midleton - Reprisals

01/01/1921

Following an attack on a patrol of RIC and Black-and-Tans in Midleton on 29 December, British forces retaliated on 1 January. The Military Governor ordered that specific houses in the vicinity were to be destroyed. These houses belonged to John O’Shea of Midleton, Paul McCarthy of Midleton, Edward Carey of Midleton,

the Cotter and Donovan families of Ballyadam and Michael Dorgan of Ballygriffin. Midleton Garage and Engineering Works were also burned down, as well as shops in the town. There were no injuries during the operation. The British Military forces issues a statement

which was published in The Cork Examiner.


-1918-1923/1921.html

Skibbereen - Accidental Shooting - One Fatality

01/01/1921 A soldier was accidentally shot dead during raids in Skibbereen.

Name Unknown.


-1918-1923/1921.html

Doire Fhínín (Ré na nDoirí) - Shooting - One Fatality

03/01/1921 Jeremiah Casey, Doire Fhínín, County Cork, with some other boys who were on the road, ran on the approach of military lorries and

was shot dead. Barry Keane

Riverstown - Arrest and Fatality

04/01/1921 Brother Finbarr D’arcy, Riverstown, County Cork, arrested by

military in the Imperial Hotel, Cork, at 1 a. m., and afterwards shot dead while a prisoner in the hands of the military.

Barry Keane

Newmarket - Shooting - One Fatality

04/01/1921 John MacSwiney, aged 15, Newmarket, County Cork, ran away on

the approach of a military lorry who fired upon and mortally wounded him in the stomach.


e/1921-4/#.XhkOG-vgpUM

Timoleague - Shooting - One Fatality

16/01/1921 Volunteer Patrick Donovan, aged 21, was shot at Ballincollop,

Timoleague by military on the 16th January , 1921


e/1921-7/#.XhkXFuvgpUM

Timoleague - Shooting - One Fatality

19/01/1921 to

21/01/1921

IRA member Denis Hegarty, aged 30, who worked for John Good of Barryroe, Timoleague was taken from his home and shot dead a

short distance from the house. He subsequently died, it is believed, on 21st January 1921.


e/1921-9/#.XhkXWuvgpUM

Kilcorney - Execution of Spy - One Fatality

20/01/1921

Dan Lucey, was suspected as being a spy. He was taken prisoner by the IRA and was held prisoner for about a fortnight, during which

time he was tried by the Brigade Staff, and sentenced to death. He was executed after a fair trial in Kilcorney area, Millstreet Battalion,

Cork.

Barry Keane

Bandon - One Fatality

21/01/1921

The body of Denis Dwyer was found at Farranalough, about 4 miles north-west of Bandon. He had been executed, with two bullet

holes in the head. ‘Pinned on his clothes was a label bearing the words “Convicted Spy”. He was 23 years old, a resident of

Castletown-Kinneigh, and an ex-soldier. He had been wounded while serving as a British soldier [attached to the Labour Corps] in the Great War and suffered from a withered arm, an affliction that


13/#.XijePuvgpUM

aided the authorities in the identification of his body. He had initially enlisted with the Munster Fusiliers in 1916 and was

discharged in 1917.

Waterfall - Shooting - One Fatality

21/01/1921

The Cork and Bandon Railway passed through Waterfall, and from mid-1920 onwards the station there was the site of several raids on trains and the mails they carried, and in one dramatic case (in mid-

November 1920) it was the site of the abduction and killing of three British officers suspected of acting as spies. After one of

these train raids early in 1921, RIC Sergeant Henry J. Bloxham and Head Constable Larkin ‘cycled to Waterfall [from Ballincollig] but

were caught in an ambush quickly prepared, and Bloxham was shot dead, his arms and bike being taken, while Larkin got away

uninjured’.

Barry Keane

Passage West - One Fatality

22/01/1921 Patrick Rea (or Ray) was an ex-soldier who worked in Passage West Docks. It is believed he was killed on 22 January 1921. His wife was

awarded £1,200 and each of the four children £200. Barry Keane


23/01/1921 Death of Richard Morey; aged 10, on 23rd January, 1921; Cork. Barry Keane

Bandon - Raid - One Fatality

24/01/1921 ‘On the 24th of January 1921 Volunteer Daniel O‘Reilly was killed when three sections of the 3rd West Cork brigade entered Bandon

with the intention of attacking the R.I.C. and Military barracks. Barry Keane

Cork City: St Patrick’s Bridge - One Fatality

26/01/1921 The Freemans Journal, p.2 reported that Francis Barnane, aged 64, was knocked down by a police lorry near St.Patrick's Bridge on 26

Jan 1921 Barry Keane

Tureengariff - Ambush - Two Fatalities

28/01/1921

Two RIC men were killed - Con Thomas Moyles was killed at the scene of the ambush and Divisional Commissioner for Munster

Philip Holmes - who had replaced Divisional Commissioner Smyth - was badly wounded and died the next day. Four other policemen were injured (Sgt A Charman, Con J H Andrews, Con J Hoare, Con F

D Calder). There were about twenty men in the ambush party armed with five rifles and a light machine gun - the rest had

shotguns and revolvers. Among the IRA who took part were Bill Moylan (Newmarket), Sean Healy (Kilcorney); Denis Galvin (Clonbannin); Dan Vaughan (Ballydesmond); Danny Guiney

(Knocknanaugh, Kiskeam). The IRA got six rifles and a number of other arms - as well as one of the cars. According to Abbott, Sean

Moylan prevented his men from abusing prisoners.

http://irishhistory1919-1923chronology.ie/Jan%2

01921%20-%2028%20-%20ambush_at_tureenga

rriff.htm and https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Irish_War_of_Independence

Dripsey - Ambush and Subsequent Executions - Six Fatalities

28/01/1921

British troops in county Cork were tipped off by Mrs Mary (or Maria) Lindsay, a local Protestant, about an impending IRA ambush at Dripsey to which she had somehow become privy. She first told the local Catholic priest who tried unsuccessfully to dissuade the

IRA from the ambush. Firing ensued and 10 were captured; five of whom were subsequently executed on 28/02/1921. The IRA

executed Mrs Lindsay and her chauffeur, James Clarke, and burned down her home, Leemount House, in reprisal The men were

Thomas O'Brien, Patrick O'Mahony, Timothy McCarthy, John Lyons and Daniel O'Callaghan. A further man captured, James

Barrett, died from wounds suffered at the ambush on 22/03/1921.


and Barry Keane and http://www.irishmedals.ie

/IRA-Killed.php and http://www.militaryarchiv

es.ie/collections/online-collections/military-

service-pensions-collection-1916-1923/brigade-

activities/operation/dripsey-ambush/

Cork City - Fatality 29/01/1921 Richard Foley (15) Cork, shot dead by military while playing in the street with another boy of 15, who was also wounded. The troops

opened fire without warning. Barry Keane















Mallow Railway Station Shootings - Four Fatalities

31/01/1921

A signalman, Patrick Devitt was one of three railway workers killed or mortally wounded by British forces in the reprisals that

immediately followed the IRA attack on RIC County Inspector William King and his wife at Mallow. Mrs. King had been killed. The

other two railway workers were Dennis Bennett and Daniel O'Mullane.


24/#.Xior2OvgpUM and Barry Keane

Bandon (Laragh) - Kidnapping - One Fatality

01/02/1921 When Thomas Bradfield’s body was found on the day after his kidnapping at a point about three miles from his house, a label bearing the words ‘Convicted Spy’ was attached to his remains.

http://theirishrevolution.ie/1921-27/#.XijhvevgpUM

and Barry Keane

Drimoleague - One Fatality

01/02/1921 Death of Constable Patrick William Joseph O'Connor RIC; 1st

February, 1921; Drimoleague, County Cork. Barry Keane

Millstreet - Centenary of the first War of Independence Execution by British Authorities under Martial Law - Con Murphy

01/02/1921

The first execution under martial law of an IRA man took place. Cornelius Murphy of Ballydaly, Millstreet, was shot by firing squad at the Cork Military Barracks after he had been arrested on January

3rd at his parents’ house in Ballydaly, tried by court martial and found guilty of having a revolver in his possession


and Barry Keane

Ballinhassig - Ambush - Two Fatalities

03/02/1921

Constables William Taylor and Edward Carter were shot dead in an ambush at Tulligbeg near Ballinhassig on 3 February 1921 by about sixteen men of the Ballinhassig Volunteer Company under Richard

O’Mahony (O/C, 9th Battalion, Cork No. 1 Brigade); a third constable named Fuller was seriously wounded. The policemen

were attached to the RIC barracks at Ballinhassig; they were returning from buying supplies in a neighboring town when they

were attacked from both sides of the road while travelling by bicycle. The IRA took their service revolvers. Constable Taylor had only two months of service with the RIC; he had previously been a

soldier.


30/#.XiosHOvgpUM and Barry Keane





Kilbrittan - Shooting - One Fatality

04/02/1921

Volunteer Lieutenant Patrick Crowley Jr. ‘was shot while trying to fight his way out of a round-up’ on Friday, 4 February 1921. An

‘exceptionally strong force’ of military, police, and Black and Tans from Bandon had converged on Maryborough [near Kilbrittain] and took in a few adjoining areas; they raided almost every house and

arrested all men aged from 16 to 60 and brought them to Kilbrittain village for questioning.


e/1921-34/#.Xiosp-vgpUM

Cork City - Broad Lane - One Fatality

06/02/1921 Patrick O'Sullivan, aged 17, Broad Lane, Cork, shot dead by police

who opened fire on pedestrians in the streets. Barry Keane

Knocknagree - One Fatality

06/02/1921

British army kills 14 year old boy and wounds two other boys. Michael J. Kelleher, aged 14, Knocknagree, County Cork, who while playing with other boys of his own age, ran away on the approach of military lorries and was shot dead. Two other boys, aged 8 and

11 years, were wounded.


and Barry Keane, and http://theirishrevolution.i

e/1921-37/#.XhmrlOvgpUM

Skibbereen - One Fatality (Accidental)

07/02/1921

Just before a planned IRA attack on a detachment of the King’s Liverpool Regiment in Skibbereen under the command of Lieutenant-Colonel Percy Hudson, the bad news came of Volunteer Vice-Commandant Patrick O’Driscoll’s death. He ‘had been killed accidently over the weekend while on protective duty,’ observed Liam Deasy, ‘and we arrived in time to make arrangements for the obsequies’. Tom Barry was an eyewitness to the tragedy. An IRA sentry going off duty was reciting his duties at Barry’s request for the benefit of O’Driscoll as the new sentry: ‘About halfway through his recital a shot rang out and Pat O’Driscoll swayed towards me. Catching him, I lowered him gently, but he was dead before I placed him on the ground. I turned to the man who had shot him. His face was a mask of consternation, and he dropped the Webley revolver. I spoke to him, but he could not answer, and then, with a moan, he too collapsed, for the man he had accidentally shot was

http://theirishrevolution.ie/1921-38/#.Xiox-

uvgpUM and Barry Keane

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Irish_War_of_Independence%20%20and%20based%20on%20the%20work%20of%20Historian%20Barry%20Keane







his best friend. . . . It was unpleasant for me to feel that it was the presence of the column commander which had made the scout so nervous that unknowingly he had pressed the trigger and shot Pat O’Driscoll.’

Killbrittan - Shooting - One Fatality

09/02/1921

A labourer and a Protestant, civilian William F. B. Johnston was found with a bullet in the back of his head and a note on his body

designating him as a spy. He was shot dead by the IRA at his home. His father Edward Johnston of Kilbrittain, who was deceased by

1921, had been a police sergeant


40/#.Xio0ruvgpUM and Barry Keane

Millstreet - Train Attack - Two Fatalities

11/02/1921

As the Mallow Tralee train entered a railway cutting just to the east of Millstreet it was ambushed by the IRA (3rd Cork Brigade). Two

soldiers Sgt. F. Boxold and Private Holuome were killed, six soldiers and two civilians were injured


and Barry Keane and https://www.cairogang.co

m/soldiers-killed/millstreet-

train/millstreet-train.html

Clonakilty - Assassination - One Fatality

11/02/1921

The labourer Robert Eady was awakened by loud knocks on his door in Clonakilty at about 1 a.m. on 11 February 1921; his dead body was found later that day near the village of Clogheen with

bullet wounds in the back and the head. ‘A label was pinned to his back bearing the words, “Spies and informers beware”.’


41/#.Xio2CuvgpUM and Barry Keane

Churchtown - Shooting - One Fatality

12/02/1921

Constable Patrick Joseph Walsh ‘was shot dead at Churchtown, about five miles from Charleville, on Saturday night [12 February

1921]. He was a native of Turloughbeg, Rossmuck, Connemara, and was the son of an ex-head constable and publican.’ See FJ, 14 Feb. 1921. The official British report indicated that Walsh had been shot

dead ‘within 100 yards of the police barracks [at Churchtown] at 9:45 p.m.’ on that Saturday night.


46/#.Xio1cuvgpUM and Barry Keane









Cork City: One Fatality

14/02/1921

John O'Leary shot and killed by the IRA according to the Cork Examiner which noted that he worked in the barracks and was an ex-soldier. Worked for Captain Kelly (Intelligence Officer) and was

known to be bringing information to the enemy according to an IRA statement. The IRA information presumably came from Josephine Marchment Browne who also worked in the office and was a spy

for the IRA

Barry Keane

Enniskeane - Assassination of Coffey brothers

14/02/1921

Two IRA volunteers, the Coffey brothers (James Coffey and Timothy Coffee), were assassinated in their beds by unknown

gunmen in Enniskeane, Cork. Shot in retaliation for their neighbour Tom Bradfield’s killing two weeks earlier by the ‘Anti-Sinn Fein

League’


and Barry Keane

Cork City - Ballincollig - Private A. Mason of the Manchester Regiment went missing

14/02/1921 Pvt. A. Mason of the Manchester Regiment went missing near

Ballincollig


Cork City - Ballincollig - Private B. Tinehes of the Manchester Regiment went missing

14/02/1921 Pvt. B. Tinehes of the Manchester Regiment went missing near

Ballincollig






Upton - Train Ambush - Eleven Fatalities

15/02/1921

A train carrying Crown forces swept into the station at Upton where the IRA opened fire.. Eight civilians were killed on the

crossfire, with 3 IRA members dying. The attack was carried out by the IRA column of 3rd Cork Brigade led by Charlie Hurley. Accounts of what happened differ; the Military stated that no civilians were

allowed in carriages occupied by the Military while the I.R.A. claimed that civilians and Military were dispersed throughout the train. Intense fire was opened on the entire length of the train the

moment it stopped in Upton Station, Cork. The I.R.A. men killed were Pat O'Sullivan, Batt Falvey and Seán Phelan. The Civilians

were John Sisk, William Finn, Thomas Perrott Sr., Richard Arthur, Charles Penrose Johnston, John Spiers, James Joseph Byrne and

Mary Hall.

Michael Collins House + Martin Millerick and Barry

Keane, and http://theirishrevolution.i

e

Mourneabbey - Ambush - Four Fatalities

15/02/1921 to

02/05/1921

An IRA ambush position at Mourne Abbey, County Cork, is allegedly betrayed by an informer, Dan Shields. ‘Three men Patrick Flynn,

Monee, (aged 25), Patrick Dorgan, Island, (22) and Eamon/Edmond (Ned) Creedon, Clogheen, (20) were shot’ dead. Another man,

Michael Looney, Island, (30) died later of his wounds,. Eight prisoners were taken, of whom two were subsequently executed at

Cork on 02/05/1921. They were Patrick Ronayne, aged 24, of Greenhill and Thomas Mulcahy, Toureen, aged 18, both of whom

were members of the Burnfort company. Patrick Ronayne was executed on 28/04/1921.

Michael Collins House + Wikipedia and Barry

Keane

Kilbrittain- Shootings - Four Fatalities

16/02/1921

Four unarmed IRA volunteers, who had been digging a trench at Kilbrittain were arrested by troops of the Essex Regiment and then

shot dead. The four dead Volunteers were Jeremiah O’Neill (Knoppoge), Timothy Connolly, Jack McGrath, and Con McCarthy.


and Barry Keane and http://theirishrevolution.i

e/1921-69/#.XiuQYOvgpUM








Cork City (Dennehy's Cross) - One Fatality

16/02/1921

James Charles Beale/ Beal was abducted after he left work at 7pm on14/10/1921 as a member of the 'Anti Sinn Fein Society', as were his in-laws Fred and James Blemens who had been abducted the previous November. James Charles was a manager in Woodford

Bourne, and was shot probably as a result of information supplied by IRA member Din Din O’Riordain before he was shot for alleged spying. ‘James Charles Beal, a Protestant, was kidnapped and shot for fraternising with local Auxiliaries (Hart) he was found in a field

on land owned by Mrs. Dennehy of Dennehy's Cross almost opposite Wilton Church face down, arms outstretched. His head a

tangled mass of blood’. His funeral service was held in St. Finbarres, and he was afterwards buried at Douglas. His wife Sarah died on 20 December 1921, and is buried at Douglas. Hart page 15 IRA and its enemies for Din Din shooting. Not to be confused with Charles E.

Beale Chairman of the employers federation. According to the Cork Constitution on 16th February he had come from England to

manage Woodford Bourne eight years earlier.

Barry Keane

Cork City (South Infirmary Hospital) - Fatality

18/02/1921

A group of armed and disguised men entered the Cork Union Workhouse. They identified an inmate named Michael Walsh (a

43-year-old former soldier) and ordered him to go outside, where he was shot to death. Walsh was 43 years old, married and lived at

Kearney’s Lane Cork. Attached to his clothing was a card bearing the words “Caught at last. Spies and informers beware – I.R.A.”.

Barry Keane

Skibbereen - Executions - Two Fatalities

19/02/1921

A well-known and extensive Protestant farmer, Mathew Sweetnam long resisted the payment of the levy for the West Cork Brigade

Arms Fund. As early as October 1920 the Irish Independent reported that he had been ‘removed to an unknown destination by Sinn Feiners. It is said he resisted the levying of an Arbitration Court

fine and wounded one of the Volunteer police.’ By early February 1921 the headquarters of the West Cork Brigade had issued orders

for the execution of Sweetnam and another resisting Protestant farmer named William Connell; their alleged offence was that they ‘had informed the British of the names of the men who had called

on them to collect the Arms Fund levy’.


76/#.Xio6cevgpUM and Barry Keane

Clonmult - Ambush - Fourteen Fatalities - greatest loss of life for Irish Volunteers in the War of Independence

20/02/1921

12 Volunteers are killed on Clonmult in East Cork in one of the IRA's worst defeats of the War - The British alleged a false IRA surrender

and killed all the IRA volunteers in the house. Four other IRA volunteers were wounded and another four were captured

unscathed. Only one escaped. The IRA claimed an informer was to blame and a spate of shootings of six alleged informers ensued during the following week. The greatest loss of life for the Irish

Volunteers occurred when the intelligence officer of the Hampshire Regiment tracked the East Cork Flying Column to an abandoned farmhouse in Garrylaurence near the village of Clonmult, seven

miles north of Midleton. What ensued has been described as “Kilmichael in reverse”. The column was attacked and besieged by a combined force of soldiers and R.I.C., with both sides suffering

losses. On several occasions during the battle, the British called on the besieged men to surrender. The I.R.A. men were not going to

give themselves up as their future prospects would have been very bleak as it was decreed that ‘Any unauthorised person found in

possession of arms, ammunition or explosives would on conviction of a military court, suffer death’. The battle lasted several hours,

after which 12 Volunteers had been killed at the farmhouse in Garrylaurence. Two more were subsequently executed. These men

were James Aherne Cobh. James Glavin Cobh. Liam Aherne Midleton. Jerry Aherne - Midleton. Michael Desmond - Midleton. David Desmond Midleton. Donal Denehy - Midleton. Christopher O'Sullivan - Midleton. Michael Hallinan Midleton. John Joe Joyce Midleton. Joseph Morrissey Athlone. Richard Hegarty Garryroe. Executed in Cork Gaol. Patrick O'Sullivan Cobh. Maurice Moore

Cobh. The incident represented the single greatest loss of life for the IRA

during the War of Independence. In the week that followed six alleged spies would be executed in County Cork by the IRA.

Michael Collins House + Wikipedia +


-1918-1923/1921.html

Spike Island - Transfer of Prisoners

20/02/1921 150 Irish prisoners were transferred to Spike Island. http://www.corkpastandpresent.ie/history/timeline

-1918-1923/1921.html

Cork City (Evergreen Road) - One Fatality

23/02/1921 McDonnell was shot at his home on Evergreen Road. He was taken to the military hospital by the British Army which suggests that he

was working for them Barry Keane

Bandon - Three Fatalities

23/02/1921

A group of RIC men leaving the cinema in Bandon were attacked by members of the Flying Column of the West Cork Brigade under Tom Barry who had entered the town shortly after 8 p.m. on 23 February 1921. The original intention had been to ambush a military patrol of the Essex Regiment, but on their way to the ambush positions Barry and another Volunteer encountered two policemen—Frederick Perrier and Constable Kearns. Perrier sought safety in a nearby house, but Barry followed him into it and killed him at point-blank range. In this encounter Constable Kearns was seriously wounded. Other members of the Flying Column went into the suburbs of Bandon and kidnapped two Essex Regiment soldiers and two ‘wireless Naval men’ whom they found walking there. They killed the two soldiers—Private James Arthur Knight and Lance Corporal Herbert Leslie Stubbs—but released the two Navy men.

http://theirishrevolution.ie/1921-98/#.Xiwi5-

vgpUM

Cúl na Cathrach / Coolavokig - Ambush Baile Bhuirne - Three Fatalities

25/02/1921

Coolavokig/Cúl na Cathrach ambush, Ballyvourney. 1st Cork Brigade Flying Col. (aided by 7th + 8th Macroom Batts.) led by Sean

O’Hegarty and Dan ‘Sandow’ O’Donovan kill District Inspector Major James Seafield Grant. Cadet Cleve Soady and RIC Constable

Arthur Cane were also killed.


+ Martin Millerick

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Irish_War_of_Independence%20+%20Martin%20Millerick




Ballineen - One Fatality

25/02/1921

Civilian Alfred Cotter, aged 35, a master baker, was shot in the head and mortally wounded while standing outside his front door in Ballineen at about 9 p.m. on 25 February 1921. He died almost immediately. His killers escaped in the darkness. Cotter and his

brother Frederick owned and operated a prosperous bakery business in Ballineen. They were the only local traders to refuse to obey a boycott of the local RIC imposed by the Ballineen Company of Volunteers, led by Timothy Warren and Jack Hennessy. Besides

violating the boycott, Alfred Cotter allegedly gave information about local Volunteers to the police and the military and even

accompanied them when they conducted raids in search of IRA men on the run. Cotter was killed when the West Cork Brigade was

‘cleaning up the British spy ring in West Cork’.


103/#.XiwkBuvgpUM


28/02/1921

At Passage West a roadside memorial erected by Daniel Spillane records the death of Michael John O’Mahony who died on 28th February 1921 of wounds received in action against the Crown

forces. He was 18.

Barry Keane

Rosscarbery - Shooting - One Fatality

28/02/1921

Members of the Second Battalion of the West Cork Brigade under the leadership of Jim Hurley attacked a patrol of six RIC men when they were ‘on mess duty’ within about a hundred yards of the RIC

barracks at Rosscarbery. See FJ, 2 March 1921; Abbott (2000), 204-5. A local newspaper reported that on 28 February 1921 Constable Alfred V. G. Brock ‘was walking past a butcher’s shop in the centre

of Rosscarbery [when] he was fired at by civilians, said to have been in hiding close by, and dangerously wounded in the stomach’. He died early the following morning (1 March). Brock had taken ‘a

prominent part in the recent sensational battle at Burgatia [House]’, where soldiers and police had almost trapped an IRA

party planning an attack on the RIC barracks in Rosscarbery.


104/#.XiwkpevgpUM and Barry Keane

Spike Island - One Fatality

28/02/1921

Lt. Victor B. Murray either committee suicide or killed himself by accident while on guard duty at Spike Island Detention Centre. He died of his wounds the next day at Queenstown Military Hospital. He was interred in St Mary’s Churchyard at Rostherne in Cheshire.

Barry Keane and http://theirishrevolution.ie/cdm1921-117/#.XiwyW-

vgpUN

Dripsey and Tipperary - Execution of six IRA prisoners (Cork City Gaol)

28/02/1921

Six IRA prisoners (five of whom had been involved in the Dripsey Ambush (note - see 28/01/1921) were executed by Crown forces in

Cork City Gaol. The sixth man executed was John Allen from Tipperary


Cork City - Execution of six British Soldiers

28/02/1921

In retaliation for that morning's executions, the IRA shot and killed six off-duty British soldiers and wounded five more in separate

incidents in Cork. Those killed were Private Whitear; Signalman G. H. Bowden, Private T. Wise, Private William A. Gill, Lance Corporal

J. E. L. G. Beattie and L/Corporal L. D. Hodnett.


and https://www.cairogang.co

m/soldiers-killed/cork-street-feb-21/Cork-

streets.html

Charleville - House Raid - One Fatality

01/03/1921

Maddened by a Volunteer attack earlier that day on an RIC patrol in Charleville, ‘the Tans came into the town . . . looking for blood’ that

night. ‘They went to the home of Seán O’Brien, who was a well-known Gaelic Leaguer—he had never served with the Volunteers.

The Tans knocked at his door, and Seán, without opening the door, enquired what they wanted, and the Tans’ reply was to fire several

volleys through the door and [they] also threw some grenades through the fan-light. Poor Seán died almost immediately. [He died

on 2 March, seven and a half hours after being shot.] Seán was chairman of the [Charleville] U.D.C. and also president of the Gaelic

League branch.


120/#.XiwmvuvgpUM and Barry Keane

Cork City (Great Southern and Western Railway Station) - One Fatality

01/03/1921

On the 28th of February 1921 three armed and masked men entered the Great Southern and Western Railway station at Cork

and took away Charles Daly , his dead body was found some hours later in a railway tunnel where he had been shot dead near the

platform entrance to the station.

Barry Keane

Cork City (Caroline Street) - One Fatality

01/03/1921

Daniel Casey had been shot at the weekend during the reprisals for the executions at the military barracks. He lived on Caroline Street

in Cork City centre but there is no mention of who shot him. He seems to have been a victim of crossfire. He had been shot in the

chest and the bullet pierced a lung.

Barry Keane

Kilmurry - Killing of Spy - One Fatality

01/03/1921

Thomas Cotter Curraclough Klmurray aged 55 taken from home by masked men and shot dead. On the body was a notice Convicted spy- informers beware. Cork Constitution suggests killing was on March 3 in its report of the shooting. Irish Revolution (U.C.C>0

notes 1st March 1921.


e/1921-121/#.XiwnbuvgpUM

Cork City (Castle Street) - Fatality

04/03/1921

An unknown man was shot on Castle Street when he failed to respond to the challenge of a British Army patrol to halt. Buried as a pauper This may be Denis O’Brien whose death on 2 March was

discussed in the House of Commons on 2 June, This occurred in the martial law area, and I am informed by the Commander-in-Chief

that the Court of Inquiry in this case found that the deceased man, Denis O'Brien, was out in a street in Cork City during curfew hours,

that he was challenged several times by the curfew patrol, and failing to answer or to stop, was shot. It is most unfortunate that

this man should have been exposed to the risk incurred in disregarding the curfew restrictions, but no blame for the unhappy

result can attach to the man who fired

Barry Keane

Castletownbere - Execution of Spy - One Fatality

04/03/1921

A resident of Kilcatherine parish in the Eyeries district, Noble was abducted and remained missing as of late August 1922. Her

husband Alexander Noble of Grimsby (a cooper by trade) claimed compensation for her presumed death, which occurred under

mysterious circumstances. Born in Scotland but settled by 1911 with his wife’s farming family in far West Cork, he was a British

supporter. In a letter sent to Eamon de Valera and dated 8 September 1921, Alexander Noble stated that his wife Bridget had

been ‘kidnapped between the village of Ardgroom and Castletownbere on the 4th day of March last’. Bridget Noble’s

disappearance caused embarrassment to the IRA GHQ in Dublin, as there was an unwritten but fairly rigid IRA rule against killing

women. The reasons for her trial and execution by the IRA became clear only later. In response to a request from IRA GHQ in Dublin,

the leaders of Cork No. 5 Brigade drafted a report dated 21 October 1921. This report pointed out that Bridget Noble had been

seen by some of the men of C Company of the Castletownbere Battalion going into the local police barracks on four or five

occasions and had been seen in conversation with a police sergeant in a private house on two occasions. At one point, after she had

returned from a hospital visit, her hair was ‘bobbed’ or shorn, as a punishment ordered by the local IRA battalion. Subsequently, her

house was searched (after a military raid) by order of the captain of the Ardgroom Volunteer Company, and in this search part of a

letter from the RIC head constable in Castletownbere was found, along with five half-torn letters from other RIC members and two photographs of RIC men. The IRA had also received information that she had told the RIC that Liam Dwyer and Patrick Crowley

were the men who had shot and mortally wounded William Lehane (alias William Lyons) as a land grabber on the night of 7-8 May

1920.


123/#.Xiwp9evgpUM

Clonbanin (Boherbue) - Ambush - Four Fatalities

05/03/1921

4 Members of the Crown forces are killed in an ambush at Clonbanin, County Cork [some commentators alleging that 13 British Soldiers were killed). General Hanway Robert Warren

Cummings was returning from a tour of inspection in Kerry with a heavy escort of three lorry loads of troops and an armoured car

when the convoy was attacked just a few miles west of Kanturk at Clonbannin. He was the most senior British Officer killed in Cork

and his death was used as a major propaganda victory by the IRA. Three others were killed: Harold Adolphe de Maligny; Private

Harold Turner and Private William Walker


e/1921-125/#.XiwunevgpUM

Enniskeane: Shooting - One Fatality (Accidental)

05/03/1921

Company O. C. Jeremiah O' Mahony had been accidentally shot dead by a comrade Volunteer. Canon O'Connell of Enniskeane was called upon to administer the last rites and, on the suggestion of

Canon O'Connell, he was buried temporarily in a rifle dump on his own farm. The following night a rough coffin was produced and removed his remains to the graveyard at Castletown-Kenneigh where he was buried in the Republican Plot alongside the three Volunteers who had been shot in the Kilmichael ambush some

months before.


e/1921-124/#.XhnxiuvgpUM

Toames Raid - One Fatality

06/03/1921

On Saturday, March 5th, the Column was divided into four Sections of six to seven each and distributed to 'C', 'D', 'V and 'G' Companies

and a programme of training, where extra men from these Companies could be given a short course, was outlined. The Section

which moved into 'J' Company had a narrow escape from capture on the night of the 6th of March when the Auxiliaries in force made a surprise raid on Toames and, though the members of the Column escaped under fire, a Volunteer from 'J' Company, named Cornelius

Foley, was killed.

Barry Keane

Banteer - One Fatality

08/03/1921

Members of the Kanturk and Mallow battalions of the Cork No. 2 Brigade under the command of Jack Cunningham and Denis

Murphy attacked a patrol of four RIC men at Fr Murphy’s Bridge in the townland of Shronebeha on 8 March 1921. The ambush site

was about one mile from Banteer on the Banteer-Nadd road. Constable Nicholas Somers was killed and Constable McCarthy was

wounded; all four of them were disarmed. Sergeant George and Constable Moran, ‘who were unwounded, were allowed to go free

on giving a promise to resign.


131/#.XiwxrOvgpUM

Timoleague - One Fatality

10/03/1921

An extensive and progressive Protestant farmer, John Good was shot and killed as a spy on 10 March 1921 by a party of masked and armed men belonging to the IRA. They knocked on his door, asked

for him, and mortally wounded him when he appeared. A local medical doctor refused to come to his aid.


137/#.XhkYIevgpUM

Nadd- House Raid - Four Fatalities

10/03/1921

A large British force carried out a large scale sweep at Nad, County Cork (in the Boggeragh Mountains). A house with six members of the Mallow IRA column asleep in it was surrounded. An informer (identified as Dan Shields) had reportedly betrayed the position. Two make their escape (Joe Morgan and John Moloney) but the other four volunteers are shot dead. These four were Lieutenant Edward Waters of Mallow Company and Michael Kiely, Edward

Twomey and David Herlihy.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Irish_War_of_Independence and based on the work of


e/1921-136/#.Xiw0GOvgpUN

Dáil Éireann Declares War on British Administration

11/03/1921 Dáil Éireann debated, resolved and finally on 11 March declared

war on the British administration.


Waterfall - One Fatality

12/03/1921 to

13/03/1921

An ex-RIC constable and a rural postman, David Nagle was ‘arrested’ by the IRA on 12 March 1921, charged with espionage,

promptly tried, and executed on the following day.


e/1921-138/#.Xiw0i-vgpUM

Castletown-Kinneigh: One Fatality

13/03/1921

A farm labourer aged 57, Timothy Hourihan was shot on a Sunday when a party of Auxiliary police from Dunmanway surrounded the district of Castletown-Kinneigh. Hourihan allegedly disobeyed an order to approach a patrol party and ran off into cover. When he returned to the site, he was mortally wounded by Auxiliary G. F.

Constable and died later that day. His coffin was brought to Bandon Military Barracks. He left a wife and eight children.

Barry Keane

Allihies - One Fatality

13/03/1921 The Skibbereen Eagle 19 March 1921 p.2 reported that Richard

Newman wounded by military in Allihies last Sunday had died at 2 am on Monday morning

Barry Keane

Crosshaven Raid - One Fatality

13/03/1921

Thomas Hennessy was working on Sisk’s house in the village of Crosshaven when British forces arrived to carry out house to house

searches. As many of the houses were for the Admiralty on Cork Harbour and the soldiers in Fort Camden at the end of the town the value of the raid was doubtful. Locals heard two shots from inside

Sisk’s and when the raiding party left the house they found Hennessy dead inside. Locals suggested that the reason given for

his shooting was that he had failed to raise his hands in time.


e/1921-140/#.Xiw1IuvgpUM

Dripsey - Two Fatalities

14/03/1921

Mrs Mary Lindsay and her butler James Clarke were murdered by the I.R.A. Mrs Lindsay had informed the British that the I.R.A. were to ambush a party of British Troops on the morning of January the 28th 1921 between the villages of Coachford and Dripsey County

Cork. . It became know that Mrs Lindsay had informed the British of the ambush and she and her butler were abducted on the 17th of

February. Five of those captured were sentenced to death and Mrs Lindsay was forced to write to General Strickland at Victoria

Barracks Cork to plead for their lives. On March the 12th the I.R.A. burnt down Leemount House, the home of Mrs Lindsay. Mrs

Lindsay and James Clarke were executed by the IRA on 14 March 1921 at Flagmount in the Rylane district.


e/1921-73/#.XiwfvOvgpUM


15/03/1921 [ Michael Joseph Murray] Shot dead at St. Lukes Cross no

assailants identified but British troops were in the area at the time Barry Keane

Kanturk - Shooting - One Fatality

15/03/1921

Shot at Kanturk One evening in March 1921 Charlie ‘Cha’ Reilly was travelling with two companions in a pony and trap on the Line Road North Cork when they were challenged by a party of Military. The

three men abandoned the cart and fled across country on foot under a hail of bullets. Cha Reilly was mortally wounded but

managed to crawl to a nearby cottage where he spent the night, the next day he was taken to his home in Newmarket where he

died from his wounds a few days later.

Barry Keane

Castletownroche - One Fatality

18/03/1921 to

19/03/1921

A large party of Volunteers under the command of James ONeill ambushed a police patrol (consisting of one sergeant and six

constables) at ‘The Close’ in Castletownroche on 18 March 1921. Constable William Elton was mortally wounded and died on 19

March.


144/#.Xiw15OvgpUM and Barry Keane

Fermoy - Shooting - One Fatality

18/03/1921 to

20/03/1921

Nellie Carey was mortally wounded at Mill Road in Fermoy on 18 March 1921. She ‘was, according to an official report, in the

company of soldiers at a fancy fair when they were fired on, two of the soldiers being also hit’. She was the daughter of the labourer

Thomas Carey of Redmond Street, Fermoy. She died on Sunday, 20 March, at the Fermoy Military Hospital.

http://theirishrevolution.ie/1921-145/#.Xi4z9-

vgpUM

Ballymurphy (Upton) - Shooting - One Fatality

19/03/1921

Commandant of the West Cork Brigade since August 1920, Charlie Hurley was wounded in the head and face during an attack on British military forces at Upton railway station on 15 February

1921. He recovered but had badly sprained his ankle and was not well enough to join the planned ambush at Crossbarry when on 18 March, in the company of brigade intelligence officer Seán Buckley, he returned at midnight from the O’Mahony farmstead at Belrose to his headquarters at the Fordes’ farmstead at Ballymurphy, four miles distant. There he was trapped on the following morning by a


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British raiding party and shot dead outside in the farmyard as he sought to make his escape. Tom Barry claimed that the firing at

Ballymurphy could be heard at Crossbarry on the morning of the ambush.

Crossbarry - Ambush - Thirteen Fatalities

19/03/1921

At Crossbarry the IRA evaded an encirclement manoeuvre by the Crown Forces consisting of over 1,200 British troops. The IRA

fought their way through, suffering 3 fatalities while inflicting ten on the Crown forces. The engagement is considered one of the

largest, if not the largest, of the entire War of Independence. Those killed were RIC Constable Arthur Frederick Kenward, Private

Stanley William Steward, Private William Wilkins, Private Joseph Thomas Crafter, Private Sydney Robert Cawley, Driver Cyril

Gordon Martin, Private and Driver William Alfred Gray, Private and Driver Harold R. Baker, Corporal Edward Watts, Second Lieutenant

Geoffrey Turner Hotblack, Volunteer Cornelius (Con) Daly, Volunteer Peter Monahan and Volunteer Jeremiah O'Leary.


Cork City (Blarney Street) - One Fatality

21/03/1921

Cornelius Sheehan (Long Con), Asylum Attendant [Lee Road] shot dead at his house in Blarney St according to Commandant P. J. Murphy C Company. Cork Examiner reports shooting on March

21st P.5

Barry Keane

Kanturk - Execution - One Fatality

21/03/1921

A butcher by trade, single, and aged about 26, John Sheehan was abducted on about 5 March 1921 from his mother’s house in or very near Kanturk by a number of armed men. His body, with a

bullet hole in the forehead, was found in a field on the farm of the Archdeacons near Kanturk on 21 March 1921 by the military and

police; it was in a badly decomposed state and was removed to the Kanturk workhouse.


e/1921-129/#.XiwvkuvgpUM

Conna - Shooting - One Fatality

22/03/1921

On Tuesday, March 22nd, in the course of some searches in the Conna district, a civilian, Arthur Mulcahy, was shot dead while

allegedly trying to escape. Dan Breen who had been present was driven to Glenville in a horse and trap and from there he was taken

to Burnfort by some members of the Glenville company.


e/1921-163/#.Xi9tR-vgpUM

Bandon - Shooting of Civilian - One Fatality

22/03/1921

About midday on Tuesday [22 March 1921] a military patrol was on duty in Castle Bernard Park, Bandon. Three young men, one of

whom had a fishing rod, were near the river bank in the park, when there was a call, and later a shot rang out. One of the men—Daniel

Lyons, an ex-soldier—was seen to fall, having received a bullet wound in the calf of the leg, which bled profusely. Some time

afterwards a police lorry arrived, and the young man was removed to hospital. At seven o’clock the same evening he succumbed to his

injuries.


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Dripsey Ambush Aftermath - One Fatality

22/03/1921 James Barrett had been captured at the Dripsey ambush

(28.01.1921) by British forces and finally passed away on 22 March 1921. Note - see 28.01.1921.

Barry Keane

Cork City - 'Kerry Pike Murders'

23/03/1921

Following a raid at the house of farmer Cornelius O’Keefe by a large party of crown forces, O’Keefe’s son was arrested and six others (including Daniel Crowley)—all members of the IRA—were shot dead in British custody on 23 March 1921. These killings became

known as the ‘Kerry Pike Murders’ among republicans and included Daniel Murphy; Jeremiah Mullane, William Deasy, Michael

O'Sullivan and Thomas Dennehy.


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Kilworth Military Camp - One Fatality

24/03/1921 Private Jack Howard Self died instantly of an accidental gunshot wound through the heart on 24 March 1921 at Kilworth Military

Camp.


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Youghal - Execution - One Fatality

25/03/1921

John Cathcart was managing director of Paisley and Co., Ltd. He had been identified as the head of ‘a ring of spies called Anti-Sinn Féin’ by the headquarters staff of the Cork No. 1 Brigade, which

issued an order to Volunteer Paddy O’Reilly of the Youghal Battalion to shoot Cathcart as the ringleader and to tell two of

Cathcart’s associates to leave the country. Armed IRA men went to his residence on Pearse’s Square in Youghal on 25 March 1921,

which was both Good Friday and Lady Day, forcibly entered it, and shot him several times at close range (four gunshot wounds in the

back). Near the body they left an envelope with the words: ‘Convicted spy.—Spies and informers, beware.—I.R.A.’ That

Cathcart was helping the British seems likely: ‘A few hours later [i.e., after the killing], Auxiliary cadets hung a board inscribed with

the word “Revenge” on a tree in his garden to warn locals to expect reprisals for Cath[c]art’s killing.


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Timoleague - One Fatality

26/03/1921

Formerly a British army captain, William Good had returned home from Dublin, where he was an engineering student at Trinity

College Dublin, to look after the interests of his persecuted family after his father John Good had been shot dead near Ballycatteen as a spy by the IRA on 10 March 1921. He went in a pony and trap to visit some friends from TCD in Bandon. He was waylaid and killed

on his return journey on 26 March.

http://theirishrevolution.ie/1921-174/#.Xhn1L-

vgpUM

Templebryan (Clonakilty) - Shooting - One Fatality

27/03/1921

Timothy Whooley, a member of the Second or Clonakilty Battalion of the West Cork Brigade, ‘was on duty at Shannonvale Cross on

the Bandon road. He was armed with a “Peter the Painter”, which he placed on the ground. The gun was picked up by one of his

colleagues, who knew little of the intricacies of the weapon, and before anyone could realise what was happening, Tim Wholly [sic]

was shot through the head and died almost immediately. The enemy forces learned of the occurrence within a short time. They searched every house in the area but failed to find the body. They

arrested the man who fired the shot, but in the absence of the body, or apparently any definite information, they were unable to charge him.’ See Ted Hayes’s WS 1575, 9 (BMH).ed Hayes explicitly assigned this accidental death to 23 February 1921, but Tom Barry placed the death on 22 March of that year. Whooley’s memorial

marker and the family gravestone in Ahiohill Churchyard both give 27 March 1921 as the date of his death. Whooley’s death

certificate (registered in the Clonakilty District on 24 March 1922) confirms his date of death as 27 March 1921


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Bandon - Shooting - One Fatality

29/03/1921 An ex-soldier Denis Donovan was shot and killed in Bandon. Not to

be confused with Denis Finbarr Donovan shot in April at Ballygarvan.


176/#.Xhn3revgpUM and based on the work of

Barry Keane

Innishannon - One Fatality

30/03/1921

Described as one of the ‘best-known residents’ of Innishannon, Frederick Charles Stenning was gunned down at about 9:30 p.m. on Thursday night, 31 March, reportedly after he had answered a knock on the hall door (details of this report were soon revised). Stenning had become a target of the IRA because of his loyalist

associations and also because he had been observed watching as members of the local Volunteer battalion took up ambush positions

at Granure on the road from Bandon to Ballineen


177/#.Xi96AOvgpUM and Barry Keane

Rosscarbery - RIC Barracks Attack - Two Fatalities

30/03/1921

The West Cork IRA Column, under Tom Barry, attacked Rosscarbery RIC Barracks, which stood on a hill near the village, with explosives causing the death of Sgt Ambrose Shea and Constable Charles H.

Bowles. Nine other Constables were wounded, one of them, Constable Kinsella, seriously.


and https://irishconstabulary.c

om/old-ric-barracks-rosscarbery-co-cork-2009-

t587.html

Rosscarbery - Explosion - Three Fatalities including death of a four year old civilian

31/03/1921

Local George Wilson was killed accidentally by a grenade which exploded the day after the attack on the Barracks. His wife Sarah claimed £8,000 and received £2,000. The file at Kew also records

the death of Patrick Collins who was also fatally injured in the explosion which was caused when a fourteen year old girl found a

grenade left over from the battle the previous day and handed it to one of the Auxiliaries who were sifting through the rubble looking for Bowles and Shea. Unsurprisingly he threw it as far away from him as he could and it exploded wounding most of the people in

the vicinity. On 18/10/1921 the death was recorded in the Irish Independent of a four year old boy [Cornelius Francis Fitzpatrick] who was killed by

shrapnel when the IRA exploded a mine at the building the previous March.


and https://irishconstabulary.c

om/old-ric-barracks-rosscarbery-co-cork-2009-

t587.html

Farren - One Fatality

01/04/1921 Volunteer James Foley, column leader, was shot at Farran on the

1st April 1921, while on active service.


e/cork-fatality-register-index/#.Xhm7IOvgpUM

Ovens - Dissappearence

01/04/1921

A member of the First Battalion of the Manchester Regiment, Private F. Roughley reportedly disappeared from Ballincollig

Military Barracks on 1 April 1921. He was later killed (perhaps about 15 June) by the IRA and secretly buried.


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Carrigadrohid - Shooting - One Fatality

08/04/1921

Constable Frederick H. Lord, aged 33, was killed while on short leave by a dozen IRA men at Mashanaglass near Carrigadrohid (four

miles east of Macroom) as he and another RIC constable were returning in a pony and trap from Macroom to their barracks at Carrigadrohid. Shot five times, Lord fell dead from the trap onto

the road, but the other constable, though wounded, whipped the pony into a gallop and escaped in spite of being pursued for over

half a mile by the attackers.

Barry Keane

Ballymacoda - Shooting - One Fatality

08/04/1921

Volunteer Liam Hoare shot at Ballymacoda East Cork and died subsequently. On Saturday 9 March 1948 the Dungarvan Leader observed that in Ballymacoda a committee to erect memorial to

late IRA captain Liam Hoare was being formed in the parish.


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Cork City (Victoria Barracks) - Shooting - One Fatality

08/04/1921 Major Gerard Thomas Joseph Barry was shot accidently by the

sentry at Victoria Barracks. South Wales Borderers; Commandant detention barracks.

Barry Keane

Killdorrery - Shooting - Two Fatalities

10/04/1921

Constables George Woodward and Joseph Boynes were walking while unarmed at Scart near Kildorrery on 10 April 1921 when both of them were shot and killed by members of the Castletownroche

Battalion of the Cork No. 2 Brigade.

http://theirishrevolution.ie/1921-190/#.Xi-

E3uvgpUM

Ballygarvan - One Fatality

12/04/1921 Civilian Denis Donovan was shot as a spy on Brigade instructions in

Ballygarvan on 12th April, 1921. A label "spies and informers beware" was placed on his chest.’

Barry Keane

Kilworth Military Camp - One Fatality

13/04/1921 Private Horace Potter died by accident as a result of a primary

gunshot wound to the head, with laceration of the brain, inflicted at Kilworth Military Camp on 13 April 1921.

http://theirishrevolution.ie/1921-193/#.Xi-

FrevgpUM

Blarney and Donoughmore - Abduction and subsequent Execution of Major Geoffrey Lee Compton Smith

16/04/1921 to

28/04/1921

IRA volunteers capture Major Geoffrey Lee Compton Smith on 16 April in Blarney, Co Cork and was held hostage in the

Donoughmore area. The volunteers promised the Majors release in return for the release of 4 IRA prisoners. The request was refused

and 8 prisoners were executed, in reprisal the IRA Volunteers executed the Major near Donoughmore on the 28 April.


Cork City (Douglas Street) - One Fatality

17/04/1921

Shot by the Essex regiment who had traced his whereabouts. Douglas Street is 50 metres from St. Nicholas Church where

Constable John Cyril MacDonald was shot and wounded two days before.

Barry Keane

Cobh - Sinn Féin Prisoners deported from Queenstown

19/04/1921 30 Sinn Féin prisoners were deported from Queenstown, Co. Cork,

to an unknown destination, in a British War Vessel. Irish Bulletin Volume 1

Ballingree - Shooting - One Fatality (aged 7)

21/04/1921

At Ballinagree Patrick Goggin (7 years old) was shot by Auxiliaries. He died of his injuries on 5/5/1921. The Cork Examiner reported on

22/4/1921, 23/4/1921& 6/5/1921. A monument to him was erected in Carrigthomas, Ballinagree in 1996 on the entrance to his

home.

Barry Keane

Banteer - One Fatality

25/04/1921

In the course of military operations in the district of Banteer, where he and other British soldiers were then stationed, John Henry

George Marquis, a drummer attached to the First Battalion of the Gloucestershire Regiment, was mortally wounded by a bullet to the

head fired accidentally by one of his comrades. He was taken to Kanturk and then to Buttevant Military Hospital, where he died a

few hours later.

http://theirishrevolution.ie/1921-198/#.XjCZZ-

vgpUM and Barry Keane

Churchtown - Execution - One Fatality

26/04/1921

British soldier Norman Thornton Fielding, stationed at Buttevant Military Barracks, was out walking near Freemount when he was captured and abducted by the IRA. His body was found one mile

west of Buffers Cross on the Liscarroll-Buttevent road.

http://theirishrevolution.ie/1921-199/#.XjCac-


Cork City (Anderson's Quay) - One Fatality

29/04/1921 Stephen O’Callaghan of Rutland Street was shot on Anderson’s

Quay. He was an ex-soldier.


e/1921-200/#.Xhu4ROvgpUM


29/04/1921 Death of Constable John Edward Bunce, RIC; 29th April, 1921;

Cork.


201/#.XjCbMevgpUM and Barry Keane

Castlemartyr - Two Fatalities

30/04/1921

Constables William Albert Smith and John F. Webb went unarmed to join two of their comrades who had gone fishing after dinner in the demesne adjoining their barracks at Castlemartyr on 30 April

1921. Suddenly, while they were fishing, a dozen armed men surrounded them and opened fire. Smith appears to have died on the spot; Webb was fatally wounded. The incident occurred a few

hundred yards from the Castlemartyr RIC barracks.In a set of reprisals for these killings, British soldiers destroyed the houses of Castlemartyr residents Patrick Hegarty and William Connell as well

as the houses of Clonmult residents Ellen Cronin and Michael Fitzgerald—all on 6 May.

http://theirishrevolution.ie/1921-203/#.XjCb9-

vgpUM

Spike Island - Rescue

30/04/1921

Three Sinn Féin prisoners escaped from Spike Island. The prisoners were undergoing penal servitude in the camp, and they made their escape across the Harbour in a motorboat. The men involved were

Sean MacSwiney (brother of the late Lord Mayor Terence MacSwiney), Thomas Malone and Cornelius Twomey.


-1918-1923/1921.html

Carrigtwohill - Execution - One Fatality

30/04/1921

In Carrigtwohill Michael O’Keeffe, a former soldier, was taken from his home and executed by IRA men on 30th April 1921. His body

was found 200 yards away with a label attached to it, declaring him a spy.



Clondrohid - Disappearance

30/04/1921

Arthur J. Harrison was travelling from Carrigadrohid to Coachford railway station in a motor bread van. He was on his way home

since he had completed his service. He was kidnapped near Coachford railway station on the afternoon of 30 April 1921 and

later killed.. Owing to his wife’s ill health, he ‘had resigned on the day that he was kidnapped’. He had reportedly been responsible

for a large number of arrests of suspected Volunteers in the district and was shot outside Coachford village. Prior to his short service with the RIC (he had joined on 24 September 1920), ex-Constable

Harrison had been a soldier and a labourer.


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Liscarroll Ambush - Shooting - One Fatality (aged 14)

30/04/1921

Fianna Éireann Scout Joseph Coughlan, aged 14, was shot and mortally wounded at Sunfort Hill (just north of Liscarroll) by

soldiers of the East Lancashire Regiment while he was acting as a guide for an IRA advance party, whose members ran away when challenged by the troops. Sunfort Hill was only about 200 yards

from Coughlan’s residence. One report claimed that he had failed to obey a military order to halt and had been shot for that reason.

http://theirishrevolution.ie/1921-206/#.XjCdl-


Srahala Ambush - Four Fatalities

01/05/1921 to

02/05/1921

Two Volunteer deaths in the Knockanevin/Shraharla ambush were confirmed by the following report of their funerals: ‘The funerals of the two unknown men [James Horan and Patrick Starr] who were

killed in the ambush near Kildorrery took place on Ascension Thursday [5 May] from St Patrick’s Church, Fermoy. It is also now known that Volunteer Captain Timothy Hennessy and also died as a result of wounds sustained that day and Volunteer Patrick Casey also died, having been executed after capture on May 2nd 1921.


207/#.XjCedOvgpUM Barry Keane

http://www.corkpastandpresent.ie/history/timeline-1918-1923/1921.html%20and%20based%20on%20the%20work%20of%20Historian%20Barry%20Keane




Clonakilty - Shooting - Two Fatalities

03/05/1921 to

09/05/1921

Two RIC men are killed in a shop in Barrack St., Clonakilty, Co. Cork. One (Constable James Cullen) dies the same day while the

other (Constable Martin Fallon) dies six days later.

http://irishhistory1919-1923chronology.ie/may_1

921.htm

Carrignavar - Execution - One Fatality

05/05/1921

A civilian called James Saunders was captured by Tim Sexton in Carrignavar and was executed and buried in a nearby bog. He was

subsequently disinterred and re-buried. He had admitted giving the police the information about the Mourne abbey ambush’.


e/1921-215/#.XjC4ZuvgpUM

Tullylease - Shooting - One Fatality

05/05/1921

Volunteer John Mark Stokes A farmer’s son and farm labourer, Stokes died at Knockearagh near Kanturk of shock and hemorrhage

caused by gunshot wounds inflicted by crown forces. His IRA pension service claim indicates that he was killed while scouting for an Active Service Unit near Tullylease in the Charleville district on 5 May 1921. He was a member of A Company of Second Battalion of

the Cork No. 4 Brigade.


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Whitegate - House Raid - One Fatality

05/05/1921

James Lynch was taken from his house at Whitegate in the Midleton district just before midnight on 5 May 1921 and killed

about 200 yards away. According to a British military record, Lynch ‘had been friendly with a family now under military protection’.


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Cork City (South Main Street) - One Fatality

06/05/1921 Civilian William B. Purcell was abducted on 6 May and his dead

body was found the next day in a field near Turner’s Cross, not far from Tory Top Lane, where other IRA executions had taken place.

Barry Keane

Youghal - Shooting - One Fatality

07/05/1921 Private Thomas Collins shot and killed returning from a dance in the military barracks in the town of Youghal. Patrick Lynass was

injured in the attack.


e/1921-217/#.XjC5mOvgpUM

Courtmacsherry - Shooting of Civilian - One Fatality

08/05/1921

John Hodnett, a farmer of Lislee, Courtmacsherry, County Cork, was shot by a party of Crown forces owing to his failure to halt

when challenged, and he died the same day from the effects of his wounds.

Barry Keane

Carrigtwohill - Shooting - One Fatality

08/05/1921

Three Carrigtwohill Volunteers—William Bransfield, Jack Hayes, and an IRA man named Keegan (a blacksmith)—were dragged from their homes by a party of disguised men. Bransfield was shot dead.

The other two escaped.


and http://theirishrevolution.i

e/1921-220/#.Xhu6bOvgpUM

Cork City (Cook Street) - One Fatality

08/05/1921 Constable Frederick Sterland was fatally shot while off duty and as

he was just about to enter the Rob Roy Hotel on Cook Street in Cork city by three men who had supposedly befriended him.


e/1921-218/#.XjhU1xfgpUM


09/05/1921

There was a general IRA plan to seize bicycles: ‘Hurley had gone with two local Volunteers to collect bicycles near Bandon. As the

trio entered Scott’s yard, they ran into a patrol and were captured.’ Volunteer Captain Frank (John Francis) Hurley made ‘a gallant bid to escape by making a bolt into the nearby wood. In his dash for

freedom Hurley was shot down, and his death deprived the brigade of a great and inspiring leader.’


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Murragh - One Fatality

09/05/1921 IRA volunteer Geoffery Canty from Newcestown was shot dead at

Murragh.


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Killbrittan - Shooting - One Fatality

11/05/1921 I.R.A. Volunteer Lieutenant Cornelius (Con) Murphy was shot dead

by soldiers from the Essex Regiment at Cloundreen Kilbrittan. He was from Clachfluck Timoleague County Cork.

Barry Keane

Courtmacsherry - Shooting - One Fatality

14/05/1921 Lance Corporal Roland Maddell was shot in Courtmacsherry when members of the IRA entered the village and opened fire on British

soldiers. Barry Keane

Castletownbere - Ambush - Three Fatalities

14/05/1921

6 soldiers were walking along the road between Bantry and Castletownbere at around 6pm. Three of the soldiers were shot

dead and another wounded when ambushed. The soldiers were off duty and unarmed at the time. It is reported that a group of three local girls had invited the soldiers to walk to a local waterfall with them, the girls disappeared just before the IRA arrived. The event was investigated by a military court of inquiry at Rerrin Camp on

Bere Island on 16 May 1921 rather than by the customary inquest. The soldiers were John Alexander Hunter, Robert McMillan and

Donald Chalmers.

https://www.cairogang.com/soldiers-killed/beara-

peninsula/beara-peninsula.html and


and http://theirishrevolution.i

e/1921-231/#.XjC-wuvgpUM and Barry

Keane

Cork City - Blackpool Ambush - Three Fatalities

14/05/1921

The ‘Blackpool ambush’ was a notable but grisly IRA success. At about 4 p.m. on Saturday afternoon, 14 May 1921, a patrol of

seven police (two sergeants and five constables) from the Shandon RIC station was attacked on O’Connell Street near William O’Brien

Street by members of the Cork No. 1 Brigade, two of whom threw a bomb into the midst of the patrol. The explosion that followed was

‘loud enough to be heard almost all over the city’. The blast mortally wounded three constables: Constable Peter Coughlan;

Constable John Ryle and Constable Patrick Hayes. Constable Hayes died on 23/05/1921.


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Innishannon - Shooting - One Fatality

14/05/1921 Constable John Kenna of the RIC was shot dead near Innishannon

Barracks on 14 May. According to reports, up to 15 shots were fired at him.


-1918-1923/1921.html

Bandon - Shooting - Two Fatalities

14/05/1921

Private Francis William Shepherd died of wounds from IRA fire that struck him while he was a member of an armed guard

protecting a party of military and police who were playing football in the grounds of Bandon Grammar School near Devonshire

Square—now called Allen Square after William Philip Allen, one of the three ‘Manchester Martyrs’ of November 1867. What is now Hamilton High School near Allen Square in Bandon was used in

1920-21 as a British military barracks and headquarters. According to a well-informed local account, Private Shepherd was mortally

wounded on the playing pitch of what is now Hamilton High School. A British military report indicated that Shepherd, one member of

the picket, had been killed in the first burst of IRA fire at just before 6 p.m. on 14 May 1921. Involved in the IRA attack, which lasted

until about 6:30 p.m., were Tom Barry, Seán Lehane, Peter Kearney, Mick Crowley, and Billy O’Sullivan; they staged their

attack in a car on which was mounted a Lewis gun captured by the IRA in the Crossbarry ambush. Two civilians were injured in the crossfire, and one of them (Cornelius Looney) died that night.


e/1921-232/

Midleton - Shootings - Four Fatalities

14/05/1921 to

15/05/1921

Three RIC were shot and killed in Midleton. These men were Sergeant Joseph E. Coleman, Constable Thomas Cornyn and Constable Harold Thompson. Constable Thompson was from

Australia. On the night of 14-15 May, after the killing earlier in the day of RIC Constables Coleman, Cornyn, and Thompson in Midleton, ‘a large party of Cameron Highlanders came into

Midleton and commenced raiding houses. Some of the soldiers went in the direction of the local golf links, where they chanced to meet a youth named MacNamara, who was walking to his home

along the railway line. The military shot and killed MacNamara.’ His death was recorded on 15th May 1921.


e/1921-239/#.XjDA7-vgpUM

East Ferry - Execution - Two Fatalities

14/05/1921

Gunner Bernard Francis and another British marine (William Parker) were abducted on 14 May 1921 by members of the

Ballinacurra Company of the Midleton Battalion, shot dead at Loughcarrig near their barracks at East Ferry, and dumped in a local

quarry.

http://theirishrevolution.ie/1921-236/#.XjDAR-


Carrigtwohil - House Raids - Five Fatalities

15/05/1921

British forces in Carrigtwohill, Cork, shoot three civilians dead. In Carrigtwohill three men, Michael Aherne, John Ryan and Richard

Flynn, were taken from their homes by Crown forces and shot dead. Edward McNamra and Richard Barry were also killed.



-1918-1923/1921.html and


243/#.XjDCWevgpUM and http://theirishrevolution.i

e/1921-243/#.XjDGKuvgpUM

Newcestown and Cork City: Father James O'Callaghan murdered

15/05/1921

Fr. James O’Callaghan was shot on Sunday 15 May in the house of Liam De Róiste at Janemount in Sunday’s Well. Alderman De Róiste

had recently been returned as a member of Parliament for Cork city. Father O’Callaghan was removed to the North Infirmary for

treatment but died of his injuries later that evening. The Cork Examiner reported that a group of armed and disguised men

entered the house shortly before four o’clock in the morning. De Róiste, presumably the intended target of the raid, was not at

home at the time. The priest, a native of Newcestown, occupied a flat in the residence, where he was shot. He was well-known in the

city and was a scholar of the Irish language.


-1918-1923/1921.html

Cork City - House Raid - One Fatality

15/05/1921 Mr Sheehan of Langford Row of Summerhill South was shot and

killed


e/1921-247/#.XjDH2uvgpUM

Skibbereen - Shooting - One Fatality

15/05/1921

Constable shot and killed near Skibbereen on May 15. The Skibbereen Eagle records the compensation claims the following October in which his father Hugh claimed £5,000 for the loss of his son. The father (44 ) had also been in the police along with his two sons. Constable Hugh McLean was 21 and the award was £1,200.

Barry Keane

Glenville - Exeution and Disappearance - One Fatality

16/05/1921 Walsh was apparently the informant for Clonmult. His identity was ‘Amongst the information received from the intelligence officers in

Fermoy Barracks. His name was David Walsh Barry Keane

Liscarroll - Cork City (Victoria Barracks) - Execution - One Fatality

16/05/1921

Volunteer Daniel O’Brien was found guilty by a drumhead court-martial at Victoria Barracks on a charge of possessing weapons and ammunition. He was promptly executed at Cork Military Detention

Barracks on 16 May 1921. (He was the last of ten County Cork prisoners to be executed.) He had been captured at O’Donnell’s of

Aughrim near Liscarroll on the morning of 11 May 1921. He was there with his brother Paddy, the Vice O/C of the Cork No. 2

Brigade, and John (Jack) O’Regan, quartermaster of the Charleville Battalion. Finding to their great surprise and consternation that

British soldiers of the South Lancashire Regiment had surrounded the house, they raced to the back and made a run for it, but shots were fired at them, and Jack O’Regan fell wounded. Dan O’Brien

stayed with his wounded comrade but urged Paddy to keep going, and Paddy managed to escape. Dan and Jack were captured. See

O’Donoghue (1954, 1986), 169-70. ‘The charge against the prisoner [Dan O’Brien] at his trial on Saturday afternoon [14 May 1921] was the possession of a revolver and twelve rounds of ammunition, one of which had the top of the bullet cut off and slit. The evidence for the prosecution was that [the] accused was caught in a round-up


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on May 11, and when searched, the arms were found on him. When asked to plead, he said: “I have no defence; I was caught as a

soldier, and you can try me.”’

Fermoy Military Hospital - One Fatality

18/05/1921

A member of B Company of the Eighth Battalion of the Kilkenny Brigade, Volunteer Patrick Walsh was wounded in the left thigh in

a clash with crown forces at Knocknagress near Tullaroan in County Kilkenny on 13 May 1921. He died in Fermoy Military Hospital on

18th May 1921.


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Cork City (Lower Glanmire Road) - One Fatality

18/05/1921 Lance Corporal Arthur Wilfred Lavington Hill was shot and killed

on the Lower Glanmire Road


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Ballyhooley - Shooting - One Fatality

20/05/1921 Mr Bourke was shot dead in Ballyhooley. At Ballyhooley a farmer’s son named William Bourke was shot dead by the military because

he ‘refused to halt when called upon.’


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Donoughmore - One Fatality

21/05/1921 Peter O’Callaghan died on 21 May 1921 Barry Keane

Cork City (Shandon Street) - One Fatality

22/05/1921 to

25/05/1921

An ex-soldier with the Munster Fusiliers, Patrick Keating was shot in the abdomen by a military patrol of the Hampshire Regiment in Shandon Street on Sunday night, 22 May 1921, and was taken to

the North Infirmary. He died there on 25 May and was buried in St Joseph’s Cemetery two days later


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Cork City (Douglas Street) - One Fatality

23/05/1921

The son of a well-known Cork musician, Stephen Dorman worked in the readers and compositors' department of the Cork Examiner newspaper. On May 23, having finished his night shift, he left the offices at Academy Street at about 3 a.m., accompanied by work colleagues. They were walking home and had passed the top of Nicholas Street to walk down Douglas Street when a bomb was

thrown and they came under revolver fire. Stephen took the main impact of the blast.

Barry Keane

Charleville - Execution of two British Soldiers (Unidentified)

23/05/1921

Two British soldiers of the 1st Battalion Machine Gun Corps [names unknown] claim to be deserters to the IRA near Charleville, County

Cork; however they are both executed as being suspected Intelligence operatives


General Election 24/05/1921

General Election for the Northern and Southern parliaments created under the Government of Ireland Act of 1920 which

legalised partition. Sinn Féin politicians see this election as a basis for membership of the Second Dáil and have 124 TDs elected

unopposed.

Glenville - Shooting - One Fatality

24/05/1921

Seymour Lewington Vincent was captured near Watergrasshill under suspicion of engaging in intelligence-gathering activities: ‘He was disguised as an ordinary tramp. In his possession was found a notebook containing a list of names of persons known to be loyal to the British connection. ‘Lieutenant Vincent was removed to the

Glenville area under guard, and arrangements were being made for his trial. On the morning of the day following his capture, British

forces began a round-up of the area in which he was held, and the prisoner made a desperate attempt to escape. He was shot down

and killed.’

http://theirishrevolution.ie/1921-258/#.XjDMM-

vgpUM

Newcestown - One Fatality

24/05/1921

Note: A farmer and ex-soldier, Patrick Hickey was shot dead while cutting turf in a bog at Laravoolta near Enniskeen. A court of

military inquiry found that Hickey ‘was accidentally shot by the military during a conflict with rebels who had refused to halt when

called upon, and [who] were endeavouring to escape across the bog where the unfortunate man was turf-cutting’. See CE, 24 June 1921. Evidence at the military court indicated that a party of the

King’s Own Scotch Borderers Regiment had killed Hickey when he threw himself on the ground in response to a soldier’s shout and made for a hole in the bog but was fatally struck by a bullet in the

chest. See Military Inquests, WO 35/150/70 (TNA). The victim’s widow Mary Hickey claimed £6,000 in compensation at the Bandon

quarter sessions in January 1922 for the death of her husband at the hands of British troops in the previous May. County Court

Judge Hynes granted her £1,400 and an additional £1,600 to be divided equally among her four children.

Newcestown information and


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Dublin - Customs House

25/05/1921 Members of the Dublin Brigade raid and burn the Customs House

in Dublin. Approximately 80 IRA Volunteers were captured by Crown Forces


Cork City (Dennehy's Cross) - One Fatality

26/05/1921

A Catholic ex-soldier aged 22, Christopher O’Sullivan was kidnapped from his house by ‘two strong, tall, young men. He was dragged down River Lane, put into a motor car, and driven off.’ He

was shot dead in a field adjoining the Model Farm Road near Dennehy’s Cross on 26 May 1921.


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Midleton (Gurtacrue) - Shooting - One Fatality

28/05/1921

On the morning of May 28th., 1921, Diarmuid O'Hurley, Officer Commanding the East Cork column, set out from a house near

Midleton to confer with local officers at Carrigtwohill. He travelled the side roads in an attempt to avoid detection. He was, however, surprised by a foot patrol of Black and Tans accompanied by two

members of the R.I.C., who unexpectedly appeared around a bend in the road at Gurtacrue. O’Hurley made a dart for the open

country and had put about a quarter of a mile between himself and the enemy when he was fatally struck by a bullet. He was buried

secretly by his comrades the next day in a tomb at North Churchtown Cemetery; after the Truce he was reburied with full

military honours in the Republican Plot at Holy Rosary Cemetery in Midleton.


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Ovens (ref Bantry) - Shooting - One Fatality

28/05/1921

Left Ballincollig barracks where he had come under suspicion of trying to get information from the detainees. Daniel McCarthy

(from Bantry) was picked up by members of the local IRA who were waiting for him and he was shot at Ovens.


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Mallow (Ballyshehan) - House Raid - Two Fatalities

28/05/1921 to

29/05/1921

Both men (Thomas Fitzgerald and Henry Fitzgerald) were taken from their home near Mallow on the pretext of helping to make a trench. Both were shot and Thomas died instantly. Henry died the

following day It was claimed that they were spying

Barry Keane

Mourneabbey - One Fatality

29/05/1921

William McCarthy had earlier retired from the British army’s Royal Irish Regiment. On 23 May 1921 he left his home in Mallow to go to Mourneabbey in order to shoot rabbits. He was never seen again.

In response to an appeal after the Truce of 11 July 1921, his widow received a letter from the Adjutant’s Department at the

headquarters of the Cork No. 4 Brigade (dated 12 September 1921), stating that her husband had been tried by court-martial on

23 May, found guilty of espionage, and sentenced to death. The letter noted that the sentence had been carried out on 29 May.


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Mallow - Execution - One Fatality

29/05/1921

William McCarty (an ex-British Soldier) was tried by court-martial on 23 May, found guilty of espionage, and sentenced to death. The sentence had been carried out on 29 May. He left not only his wife

Bridget but four children as well.


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Cobh - Shooting - One Fatality

29/05/1921

John Joseph O'Connell, over 60 years of age - the owner of a forge in a local quarry, was walking along the seafront at Cobh when a

patrol of the Cameron Highlanders came along. One of the officers drew his revolver and shot him.


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Youghal - Explosion - 7 British Military Band Soldiers Killed and one Civilian

31/05/1921

The landmine explosion that devastated the Hampshire regimental band as it marched from Youghal to the rifle range outside that

town on 31 May 1921 was one of the worst disasters to befall any unit of British troops during the War of Independence. The

explosion was caused by a landmine fired by an electric battery sixty yards up the hill. Immediately afterwards two civilians were

seen running off in a westerly direction. Three of the military were killed instantly and nineteen wounded, three others [actually four

others] dying subsequently. Two band boys were amongst the dead and three seriously wounded. The explosion was seen by fishermen

from their boats in the bay.’ Those killed were Corporal Charles Lewis T. Whichelow; Lance Corporal Reginald David McCall,

Bandsman Francis Burke, Bandboy (aged 17) Frederick Evans, Bandboy (aged 15) George William Simmons, Private Frederick A.

Washington, Bandboy (aged 14) Frederick William Hesterman, and civilian John (Jack) Kenure.



-1918-1923/1921.html and Barry Keane and

https://theirishrevolution.ie/1921-

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Innishannon - House Raid - One Fatality

31/05/1921

Colonel John Peacocke, and ex-Army officer, was killed at his house near Innishannon. While cutting wood in his workshop at Skevanish

House, two men entered the building and fired several shots, hitting him in the stomach. He ran back into the house but died later from his wounds. The 32-year-old former Army officer was

believed to have been a member of the Anti Sinn Féin Society and was strongly suspected by the IRA of being a spy.


-1918-1923/1921.html

Spike Island - One Fatality

31/05/1921

Volunteer Patrick White (a carpenter) was shot dead by a British sentry (of the King’s Own Scotch Borderers Regiment) at Spike

Island while in British custody in a bizarre incident. The shooting occurred without warning or challenge. White was from Meelick,

Co. Clare.


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Kilworth - Shooting - One Fatality

01/06/1921

RIC Constable Joseph C. Holman, aged 21 and unmarried, was shot dead on the evening of 1 June 1921 while he was out walking with

‘a lady friend’ on a public road at Killally near the village of Kilworth; he was stationed at Kilworth RIC barracks at the time of

his death. The killing occurred about a half-mile from the barracks.


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Ballinacurra - One Fatality

05/06/1921 Kidnapped from Ballinacurra and shot. The Irish Times reports that

he was an ex-soldier and his name was Eugene Swanton


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Cork City (Carigrohane) - Execution - One Fatality

05/06/1921

An ex-soldier and a railway parcel clerk, John Sullivan-Lynch came under suspicion as ‘an Englishman’ living in the same house on the Carrigrohane road as city Volunteer Patrick O’Sullivan. Two other

city Volunteers ‘watched his movements and saw him entering the Orderly Room of the [Ballincollig] Military Barracks on several occasions and [so] reported to Leo Murphy, who informed the

brigade. He was abducted by the IRA on 29 May 1921. Lynch was held captive for a number of days, possibly at Cullinane’s (Old

House) near Aherla in the Third Battalion area. He was handed back to H Company, First Battalion in the city district where he

lived, and executed on 5 June 1921.


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Kilcrea/Aherla - Executions - Three Fatalities

05/06/1921

Three young bandboys of the First Battalion of the Manchester Regiment were spotted at Srelane Cross near Ovens; they were

arrested by the IRA and taken three miles south-west to a house one mile south of Aherla village, where they were tried, sentenced

to death, and executed on 5 June 1921. The three boys were Matthew Carson (18); Charles Arthur Chapman (17) and Private


and Barry Keane and http://theirishrevolution.i

e/1921-







John Cooper (16) 279/#.XjbphRfgpUM

Cork City (Little Mary Street) - Shooting - One Fatality

05/06/1921

The shooting in Little Mary St occurred at about 10:25 p.m. [on 5 June 1921]. A group of people were standing at the street corner when two tenders containing Auxiliary police suddenly appeared.

The people at once scattered. Subsequently, some shots were fired, and a young man, Henry O’Rourke, a labourer, of

Cornmarket, was killed.


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Macroom (Carrigaphooca) - Shooting - One Fatality

05/06/1921

A party of Cameron Highlanders proceeding westwards from Macroom encountered Daniel (Cornelius) O’Riordan, who was

shot dead when he ignored several orders to halt near Carrigaphooka Bridge in a remote country district.


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Baile Bhuirne - Shooting - One Fatality

05/06/1921 During a military roundup near Ballyvourney on the Cork-Kerry

border British troops mistakenly killed the father of a local Volunteer. His name was John (Seán) Jeremiah Kelleher.


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Liscarroll - Execution - One Fatality

06/06/1921

A shoemaker, David Fitzgibbon was abducted from his Liscarroll workplace by a party of armed and masked men on 6 June 1921

and later executed by the IRA. His body was found on 9 June near Killinane crossroads, about a half-mile outside Liscarroll. ‘On the

body was pinned a card bearing the words, “Shot by the I.R.A. Spies beware. This body is not to be moved.”’


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Policy of House Burnings called off

06/06/1921 The British government called off the policy of house burnings as

official reprisals





Midleton - Execution - One Fatality

07/06/1921 to

08/06/1921

In mid-October 1927 workmen engaged in the draining of boggy land at Ahanesk [sic] near Midleton reportedly dug up the

decomposed remains of a man who had been secretly buried. According to a report appearing in the Western Morning News of

18 October 1927, ‘The blue clothes which he had worn were in tatters, but his boots, of strong pattern and tightly laced, were in

perfect condition. Rosary beads and a .45 revolver bullet case were also found.’ This report indicated that relatives had ‘identified the

remains as those of John Joseph Walsh, a British army man shot by the I.R.A. in June 1920’.


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Dunmanway - Shooting - One Fatality

07/06/1921

A farmer’s son, Volunteer Daniel Crowley was killed at his father’s door at Behagullane by British Auxiliaries (O Company) under

Major de Haviland then stationed at Dunmanway. Crowley was shot in the short laneway leading from the road to his house either

for ‘refusing to halt or rushing towards them affrightedly in the darkness’.


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Toames - Shooting - One Fatality

08/06/1921

Death of Volunteer Secton Commander Daniel (Sonny) Buckley; 8th June, 1921; Toames, near Macroom, County Cork. Buckley was

shot by members of the British Army Flying column as he was proceeding to a well for water’ at about 7 p.m. on 8 June 1921. It was officially stated that he had been shot ‘for refusing to halt’

Barry Keane https://theirishrevolution.

ie/1921-289/#.XjgMzRfgpUM

Cork City - Blarney Railway Station - Accidental Shooting - One Fatality

09/06/1921

Private Henry Woods of the Royal Fusiliers accidentally shot himself near the heart at the Blarney railway station and died of his wounds. He was one of two soldiers travelling on the engine of the train scheduled to reach Cork city at 9:20 a.m. The use of soldiers in

this way was designed to prevent robbery of the mails and other kinds of IRA attacks.


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Cork City (Ballyvolane) - One Fatality

09/06/1921

Civilian Thomas O’Keeffe and a young friend were resting in a field at Ballyvolane near Cork Military Barracks when two soldiers

approached and told them to leave. ‘Shortly after they had done so, a rifle was discharged and young O’Keeffe fell. A bullet struck him in the hand, entered his body near the hip, and passed right through.’ Medical assistance was unavailing and he quickly died.


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Crookstown - One Fatality

10/06/1921 IRA member Matthew O’Donovan was shot dead at Béal na mBláth

Crookstown

Barry Keane and https://theirishrevolution.

ie/1921-292/#.XjgOhhfgpUM

Cork City (Blackpool) - One Fatality

13/06/1921 Civilian John Lucey shot and killed by a curfew patrol in Blackpool

Barry Keane and https://theirishrevolution.

ie/1921-293/#.XjgOwRfgpUM

Kinsale - One Fatality

13/06/1921 On June 15 P.5 the Cork Examiner reported that Michael Driscoll was found with a bullet wound in the thigh. He had bled to death.

His body was found at Waterlands about a mile from Kinsale. Barry Keane

Fermoy - Shooting - One Fatality

13/06/1921 Ms. Casey tried to protect her fiancé, who as a British soldier, was

the real target and she got shot and killed. They were walking along the quayside at Fermoy

Barry Keane

Rathcoole Ambush - two fatalities

16/06/1921

RIC Auxiliary Cadet William A. H. Boyd was killed when on 16 June 1921 the IRA laid a successful ambush for four lorries of Auxiliaries

at Rathcoole Wood, located ‘on high ground south of the Millstreet-Banteer road and about 2½ miles east of Millstreet. The

[Millstreet, Charleville, Kanturk, and Mallow] columns assembled in the wood during the night, and early on the morning of June 16th,

1921, six mines were laid in the road along the frontage of the wood. The mines were spaced at the estimated distances between lorries travelling in convoy, and the whole position extended over a


296/#.XjgPkhfgpUM and https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Irish_War_of_Independence

and Barry Keane








distance of about 1,200 yards.’ The combined strength of the four IRA columns was about 120 men, of whom 80 had rifles and the

rest shotguns. RIC Auxiliary Cadet Frederick Edgar Shorter was also killed.

Castletownroche (ref Cork City) - Shooting - One Fatality

19/06/1921

A dentist and a renowned baritone singer, civilian Leo Corby failed to halt at an IRA roadblock, was shot, and was disappeared. He had

been travelling by motorcycle from his branch practice in Cashel back to Cork city on 19 June 1921 and was seen to have passed through Mitchelstown. He was killed at Castleblagh townland in

Ballyhooly parish and initially buried at night in Killathy Graveyard but was later re-interred in Ballyhooly Catholic Cemetery.


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21/06/1921

An ex-sailor and Royal Navy Reserve pensioner, Daniel O’Callaghan was pulled from his house in Carrigtwohill ‘by two men who shot

him just outside’ at about 9 p.m. on 21 June 1921. He was taken to Queenstown/Cobh Hospital but died there on the following day.

Unmarried and aged 36, he resided with his mother and had worked at a Haulbowline dockyard.


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Carriganima - One Fatatity

22/06/1921

Auxiliary George Duckham was shot by some members of the local company on the Macroom-Millstree road and his arms were taken.

His body was left on the roadside in the neighbourhood of Carriganima in the hope that his colleagues would come to collect

it.

Barry Keane

First session of the new parliament in Northern Ireland

22/06/1921

King George V addressed the first session of the parliament of Northern Ireland, calling on "all Irishmen to pause, to stretch out the hand of forbearance and conciliation, to forgive and to forget,

and to join in making for the land they love a new era of peace, contentment, and good will."


Cork City (French's Quay) - One Fatality

23/06/1921

Civilian Josephine Scannell was killed by a bullet which came through her window and hit her in the chest on French’s Quay. Military denied responsibility but admitted to firing after a car

which had thrown a grenade at nearby Tuckey Street police station.

Barry Keane

Kilcorney - Execution - One Fatality

24/06/1921

“About 7 a.m. on Friday, June 24th Michael Dineen of Ivale, Kilcorney, Millstreet, was accused of being an IRA officer and being involved in the Rathcoole ambush a week before. He was taken out

of his home, beaten and shot by Auxiliaries.

Barry Keane

The British Coalition Government's Cabinet propose talks with Sinn Fein

24/06/1921

The British Coalition Government's Cabinet decided to propose talks with the leaders of Sinn Féin. Coalition Liberals and Unionists

agreed that an offer to negotiate would strengthen the Government's position if the revolutionaries refused. Austen

Chamberlain, the new leader of the Unionist Party, said that "the King's Speech ought to be followed up as a last attempt at peace

before we go to full martial law".


Cork City (Ballincollig) - Disappearance - One Fatality

24/06/1921

Private Geroge Henry Caen was officially reported missing from Ballincollig Military Barracks on 24 June 1921. The authorities

initially believed that he was a deserter, but it is ‘now accepted’ that he was taken in hand by the IRA and executed.


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Kinsale - Accidental Shooting - One Fatality

25/06/1921

Private Donald McKenzie of the 1st Manchester Regiment, based at Charles Fort in Kinsale, died instantaneously of a bullet wound through the heart that was self-inflicted by accident on 25 June

1921.


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26/06/1921

Volunteer John Murphy was shot dead during a military roundup in the Ballinadee district on 26 June 1921. An employee of Robert

Hales, Sr, of Knocknacurra, Murphy was apparently ‘crossing the fields to his home when he was accosted’. Aged 22 and not

involved in politics (‘quiet and inoffensive’), he was shot fatally in the neck.


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Cork City - Shooting - One Fatality

26/06/1921

A war widow with two children, ‘Mrs Mary Francis Parnell (her maiden name) was accidentally shot by crown forces at about 8:15 p.m. on 26 June 1921 when she came into the line of fire as soldiers

and police were seeking to recapture a prisoner and North Main Street resident, leading city Volunteer John (Seán) Twomey (aged

23), who had escaped.


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Kildorrery - One Fatality

26/06/1921

Constable Thomas Shanley and Sergeant Ryan were reportedly shot ‘from behind at point-blank range’ as they were leaving

Sunday Mass and returning to the RIC barracks at Kildorrery on 26 June 1921. The shootings took place ‘about 40 or 50 yards from the church gates’; the gunmen—‘three or four undisguised civilians’—

then melted into the crowd that was leaving Mass. Shanley was mortally wounded (while he lay ‘on the ground, four shots were

fired into his body’), whereas Sergeant Ryan ‘escaped with only a slight wound on the left wrist’. A baby boy named Jeremiah

Donovan (aged about 3) and a man named William Carroll were hospitalised with bullet wounds received in this episode. Constable

Shanley ‘had been stationed in the district for the past five years and was very popular with all classes of the community. A few

minutes after the shooting, the services of a priest were obtained. The priest administered the last rites of the church amongst a

crowd of about 200 residents who knelt around the body.’


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Waterfall - Commandant Leo Murphy shot dead

27/06/1921

Leo Murphy, Commandant of No. 1 Battalion, Mid-Cork Brigade of the IRA, was wanted by the British authorities in relation to the

deaths of a soldier (Captain Thompson of the 1st Battalion, Manchester Regiment) and an RIC man (Sergeant Bloxham). On the night of Monday 27 June, a party of soldiers travelled to Waterfall

for the purpose of arresting Commandant Murphy. They surrounded the house in which Murphy was staying. They removed him from the house, at which point was alleged he discarded a gun,

a Mauser automatic. One hundred yards from the house, he was


-1918-1923/1921.html

shot dead. Forty-five arrests were made at the scene, at which point a large amount of material was captured which included two service rifles, two revolvers, an automatic weapon and significant

store of ammunition.

Cork City (St Luke's Cross) - One Fatality

27/06/1921 Private Frederick Crowther was a member of South Staffordshire

regiment kidnapped and shot dead St. Luke’s Cross P. 5 along with two other soldiers who were shot but not killed

Barry Keane

Cork City (Lavitt's Quay) - One Fatality

28/06/1921

Civilian William Horgan was employed as a fireman on the Great Southern and Western Railway. He was brought dead to the

Military Hospital in Cork. At the subsequent military inquiry held in Victoria Barracks, Horgan’s father said that his son had been

arrested in their home (son and father lived together) at about 2:15 a.m. in a raid on the night of 28 June 1921 and had been carried off

by troops; his son was dead when he next saw him.


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Waterfall / Cork City (Douglas) - One Fatality

28/06/1921

Senior IRA Officer shot ‘while trying to escape’ Charlie Daly was arrested at Waterfall during a raid which resulted in the death of Leo Murphy by Captain Vining of the intelligence service and was found dead the following morning in Douglas. Not to be confused with Charles Daly who was shot in the Glanmire tunnel by British

forces. His body was found in a field near Mount Vernon in the Cork suburb of Douglas.


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Charleville - Shooting of Spies - Two Fatalities

29/06/1921

The dead bodies of John Sullivan and Patrick John Sheehan were found ‘on the roadside a short distance outside the town’ of Charleville on Wednesday, 29 June 1921. Sullivan had been

‘kidnapped about two weeks earlier by armed men near the town while engaged [in] carting sand in connection with the building of ex-servicemen’s houses’. The IRA executed him and Sheehan as

suspected spies.


312/#.Xjg_HxfgpUM and Barry Keane


29/06/1921

Civilian Timothy Murphy was returning home to 24 Blarney Street in Cork between 10 and 10:30 p.m. on 29 June 1921 when he was

shot and killed by curfew troops because he had failed to hear or to heed their challenge. The shooting took place at Cattle Lane or

nearby Market Place in Blackpool.

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gRfgpUM

Kilcorney - Shooting - One Fatality

30/06/1921

On Thursday evening, 30 June 1920, in the vengeful aftermath of the IRA ambush at Rathcoole, a party of Auxiliaries ‘fired on two youths who were cutting hay on Murphy’s farm at Rathcoole and

killed Volunteer Bernard Moynihan of the Kilcorney Company. The wood at Rathcoole was burned too


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Rosscarbery - Execution - One Fatality

01/07/1921

Frank (Francis) Sullivan was found dead early on Saturday morning, 2 July 1921, ‘by the roadside at Rosscarbery with a bullet wound in the head’. For many years he had served as the steward

of Emily and Beatrice Whitley, daughters of a former Church of Ireland rector of Rosscarbery.


315/#.XjhAVBfgpUM and Barry Keane

Ballycotton - Shooting - One Fatality

03/07/1921

Crown forces entered the seaside village of Ballycotton on the evening of 3 July 1921 and fired shots from one of their military

lorries. Maurice Cusack, a British navy veteran, who was resting in a field near his house, was shot in the stomach and died shortly afterward. According to a second and slightly different (British)

account, members of the Cameron Highlanders shot Cusack because they mistook him for a ‘Sinn Feiner’ who had been

signaling to others and because he had refused to obey an order to halt.


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Buttevant - Ballyvonare Military Camp - One Fatality

04/07/1921

Born in 1901 and a resident of the Horse Shoe Inn in Creaton village in Northamptonshire in 1911, Private Percy Fry died at age 20 by accidental drowning at the Ballyvonare Military Camp on 4 July

1921. His name was recorded later under 21 July 1921 in the Buttevant Register of Deaths. He was buried in Coventry.


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Ballinhassig - RIC Baracks - One Fatality

07/07/1921

On July 7th 1921 the RIC barracks at Ballinhassig was unsuccessfully attacked by local IRA volunteers. James Connor, who was stationed

in Ballinhassig, was on patrol at the time of the raid and as he attempted to return to the barracks he was shot dead by the IRA

men who were withdrawing. Connor, a twenty four year old married man originally from Co. Tipperary, had been a labourer

and soldier before joining the RIC.

Barry Keane

Cork City - Execution - One Fatality

08/07/1921

While allegedly trying to escape from crown forces, Volunteer Denis Joseph Spriggs was mortally wounded on 8 July 1921 at the top of Blarney Street in Cork city and soon died. As in numerous other instances, the commanding officer of these soldiers of the

South Staffordshires (2nd Battalion), a regiment that had become notorious for its lethal treatment of IRA and civilian prisoners, laid

out a story that completely exonerated him and his men at the subsequent military inquest. He noted that he had arrested Spriggs at his home and placed him in a Crossley tender under escort. He then related a tall tale about how Spriggs had brought death upon himself: ‘When the Crossley had proceeded about 200 yards down Blarney Street, the tail board either fell down or was released by Denis Spriggs. Spriggs then leaped out of the Crossley and started to run up Blarney Street. The escort on the Crossley opened fire

and he fell. He was apparently dead when picked up. Before putting Denis Spriggs in the Crossley, I personally warned him that he would be shot if he attempted to escape.’ The inquest jury fully

agreed that Spriggs himself ‘was to blame, in as much as he attempted to escape from military custody after having been

warned of the consequences’. The expression ‘shot dead while trying to escape’ from British lips had long been understood by Irish

republicans to mean execution without trial.



-1918-1923/1921.html and


320/#.XjhIERfgpUM

Mallow - Execution - One Fatality

09/07/1921

In Mallow, an ex-soldier named William Alexander MacPherson was taken from his bed and shot dead. On July 9 1921 the Cork

Examiner reported on page 5 that Mc Phearson had been killed. He was abducted from his home on Bridge Street Mallow and his body

was found outside the town. He had been shot as a spy.



Doneraile - Shooting - One Fatality

10/07/1921

While Richard Edward Larter and a fellow soldier were walking along a road near Doneraile on a Sunday evening at about 7 o’clock

on 10 July 1921, they came under fire from members of the Castletownroche Battalion of the Cork No. 2 Brigade. The two

soldiers were returning to the great Ballyvonare Military Camp in the Buttevant district after a Sunday outing to Doneraile.


321/#.XjhIshfgpUM

Doneraile - Civilian Shooting - One Fatality

10/07/1921

A labourer, Thomas McCarthy received fatal gunshot wounds from crown forces and died of shock and haemorrhage on 10 July 1921.

McCarthy was the victim of a military search party that fired on some twenty-five civilians near Kilconnor, 4 miles north-east of Doneraile, at about 10 p.m. that night. The soldiers reputedly

ordered the civilians to halt, but they allegedly failed to do so, and McCarthy was mortally wounded.


322/#.XjhJXxfgpUM

Coachford - House Raid - One Fatality

10/07/1921 In Macroom on 10 July a civilian man named John Foley was shot

by the military at his house in Leemount, Coachford.


-1918-1923/1921.html and


323/#.XjhJ2BfgpUM

Cork City (Ellis' Quarry) - Execution - Four Fatalities

10/07/1921

The night of July 10, 1921 was the eve of the truce and with a cessation of hostilities only hours away, the military authorities at

Cork city's Victoria Barrracks allowed leave to four soldiers to go on the town for the night. They entered a shop on the Bandon Road at around 10.30pm. The soldiers were taken by surprise and the men

were led into Ellis' Quarry near the Lough as darkness closed in.


and for verification of date:

http://theirishrevolution.i

http://www.corkpastandpresent.ie/history/timeline-1918-1923/1921.html%20%20and%20based%20on%20the%20work%20of%20Historian%20Barry%20Keane




They were blindfolded and executed. The four British soldiers were Alfred Cannim, Albert Powell, Harold Daker, and Henry Morris.

e/1921-328/#.XjhK7hfgpUM and

based on the work of Barry Keane

Belfast's Bloody Sunday

10/07/1921

The IRA mounted an ambush in Raglan Street in Belfast, killing two policemen. This sparked an outbreak of ferocious fighting between Catholics and Protestants in west Belfast in which 16 civilians (11 Catholics and 5 Protestants) lost their lives and 161 houses were destroyed. Of the houses destroyed, 150 belonged to Catholics. Four more civilians died in the shooting over the next two days


Rochestown - One Fatality

10/07/1921 Retired British Army Officer George Bernard O'Connor was shot dead at his home in Rochestown for giving information about a

local IRA hideout


e/1921-324/#.XjhKNhfgpUM

Cork City (Douglas) - Execution - One Fatality

11/07/1921

John H. N. Begley was kidnapped as a suspected informer by the Cork city IRA on the very day of the Truce (five minutes before it came into effect, according to one recent account) and executed

soon after.


330/#.XjhLGhfgpUM

Cork City (ref Knockraha) - Disappearance

11/07/1921

William J. Nolan was the son of a retired RIC constable who had recently ‘presented himself as a candidate’ for the RIC. His police links were certainly known to the IRA. He appeared on the list of

‘missing persons’ published in the Irish Times of 22 August 1921.The Cork city IRA had earlier warned ‘“prospective recruits

that they join the R.I.C. at their own peril. In his pension evidence the IRA gaoler Edward Moloney, the so-called ‘governor’ of ‘Sing Sing’ prison at Knockraha, stated: ‘The day of the Truce there was

three [prisoners] came [to Sing Sing] that day, and they were taken off again that night. It was closed up then.’ It is possible that


331/#.XjhMkRfgpUM

Moloney was referring to William Nolan and John Begley, who had been abducted by the IRA earlier that day and were never seen

again.

The Truce - End of War of Independence

11/07/1921

At 3.00p.m., at a meeting in the Mansion House between Macaready, Colonel J. Brind, and Andy Cope (on the British side)

and Robert Barton and Eamonn Duggan (on the Irish side) agreement is reached that a truce will start on the 11th. The Truce

came into effect at noon.



-1918-1923/1921.html and

http://irishhistory1919-1923chronology.ie/july_1

921.htm

Skibbereen: Last WOI Fatality in Cork

11/07/1921

The long-serving Constable Alexander Clarke ‘was shot dead by four men when he was going to his lodgings in Townsend Street’ in Skibbereen on the morning of the day that the Truce was declared

(it came into operation at noon). He was an important British intelligence operative with thirty-four years’ service in the RIC,

‘most of which he spent in this district [of Skibbereen]’. See CE, 12 July 1921. Shot at 08:30 a.m. on the morning of the Truce on

Townsend Street, Skibbereen


329/#.Xh0VUOvgpUM and based on the work of

Barry Keane

Dunmanway - One Fatality

12/08/1921 to

14/08/1921

There is no record anywhere in Irish Newspapers about the killing of Patrick Cronin. However his parents lodged a claim with the Irish

Grants Committee in relation to his death in 1927 and were compensated for his death. He had been a member of the British

Navy during the Great War. Andy Bielenberg writes ’Cronin, Dunmanway, was shot by ‘Republican forces’ on or about 12th or

14th August 1921; ‘shot being supposed giving information to auxiliary forces’. He had been in navy between 1915 and 1920.

Barry Keane

Nationalist Delegations in Northern Ireland

11/09/1921 De Valera received nationalist delegations from counties Down,

Londonderry, Antrim and the city of Belfast who expressed anxiety at partition.


Winston Churchill threatens war against Ireland

24/09/1921 Speaking in Dundee, Winston Churchill threatened war if the Dáil

refused to accept the British offer.


Dunmanway Shootings - No Fatalities

06/10/1921

The remnants of K Company of the Auxiliaries who were not fired had been absorbed into O Company which replaced them in

Dunmanway. After a number of aggressive actions by O Company the IRA commandant, Peadar Kearney, decided to fire at them. The

Auxiliaries returned with reinforcements and the IRA retreated.

Barry Keane

British-Irish Conference First Meeting

11/10/1921

On 9th October 1921, a delegation from Dáil Éireann arrived in London. The first meeting of the British-Irish conference was held on October 11th. Over the next two months there would be seven

plenary sessions, 24 sub-conferences and 9 meetings of special committees.


Death of Tadhg Barry

15/11/1921

Tadhg Barry, a socialist, republican and trade union activist from Blarney Street in Cork, was shot at Ballykinlar Camp in County Down, where he had been imprisoned for several months. His

body was returned to Cork for burial. Several politicians accompanied him on the journey, including Cork Lord Mayor Donal O’Callaghan, Liam De Róiste and J.J. Walsh. Shops and businesses closed, and flags were lowered to half-mast. Following a service in the North cathedral, his remains were interred at the Republican

Plot in Saint Finbarr’s Cemetery. There were processions in Dublin and Cork, and in Cork many thousands of people lined the streets along the route to the graveyard. A military inquiry held shortly after the death of Barry issued no findings, and the jury at the

coroner’s inquest, which concluded on 14 December, could not agree a verdict. By this time the Treaty had been signed, and the

other internees at Ballykinlar Camp had been released.







Thirty people were killed during violence in Belfast

21/11/1921 to

25/11/1921 Thirty people were killed during violence in Belfast


Tyrone County Council pledge allegiance to Dail Eireann

28/11/1921

After Westminster decided to hand over responsibility for local government to Stormont, Tyrone County Council pledged its

allegiance to Dáil Éireann. Eight smaller public bodies followed. That same day a bill was introduced in Stormont which allowed it to dissolve any local authority. Offices of Tyrone County Council

were subsequently raided by the police and their records seized on 2 December 1921


The Anglo-Irish Treaty was signed in London

06/12/1921

The Treaty between Britain and Ireland was signed on 6 December 1921. Ireland would henceforth be known as the Irish Free State.

Northern Ireland was given the option to opt-out of the Free State and remain part of Britain. Michael Collins and members of the

Irish delegation received a great welcome on their return to Dublin. The initial response in Cork was one of relief and joy. In the days that followed internees were released from camps around the

country. After much debate, the Anglo-Irish Treaty was ratified in the Dáil on 7 January 1922. However it had served to polarise the

Sinn Féin party, which split into Pro-Treaty and Anti-Treaty factions, setting the scene for the Irish Civil War.



-1918-1923/1921.html

Release of IRA Prisoners

09/12/1921 Irish Prisoners begin to be released https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Irish_War_of_Independence

IRB Supreme Council supports Treaty

10/12/1921 At a meeting of the Supreme Council of the IRB, 11 supported the

Treaty and 4 opposed it.


Fermanagh County Council pledged allegiance to Dáil Éireann

15/12/1921 Fermanagh County Council pledged allegiance to Dáil Éireann. After

the meeting the RIC took over the council chamber.


Anglo-Irish Treaty was passed in the British Houses of Commons and Lords

16/12/1921 Anglo-Irish Treaty is passed in the British House of Commons (401 support, 58 oppose) and House of Lords (166 support, 47 oppose).


The treaty was approved by Dáil Éireann

07/01/1922 The Anglo-Irish Treaty was approved by Dáil Éireann (64 support, 57 oppose). In Ireland, 328 statutory public bodies endorsed the

Treaty; 5 declared against.


Arthur Griffith was elected president of Dáil Éireann

10/01/1922 Arthur Griffith was elected president of Dáil Éireann https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Irish_War_of_Independence

Southern Parliament' - Michael Collins Elected Chairman

14/01/1922 Sixty Pro-Treaty TDs and four Unionist MPs met as the "Southern Parliament" and set up a Provisional Government. Michael Collins

was elected Chairman.


Dublin Castle was surrendered to the Provisional Government

16/01/1922 Dublin Castle was surrendered to the Provisional Government

under the terms of the Treaty.


Irish National Army 31/01/1922 The first Regiment of the Irish National Army was set up in Dublin https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Irish_War_of_Independence

Clonakilty - One Fatality

11/02/1922 RIC District Inspector Michael Kenny (or Keany) was killed and his

16-year-old son Edward was wounded on 11 February 1922 in Clonakilty.

Barry Keane and https://www.historyirelan

d.com/letters-extra/dunmanway-

massacre/

Cork City Anti-Treaty Rally

19/02/1922

An Anti-Treaty rally was held in Cork on Sunday 19 February. The attendees included Eamon de Valera, Cathal Brugha, Constance Markiewicz and Sean MacSwiney T.D.. Two large platforms were

erected for the speakers on Grand Parade. Several thousand people filled the streets. Companies of Volunteers lined South Mall,

Grand Parade and Washington Street. Lord Mayor Donal O’Callaghan spoke first, followed by Eamon de Valera. De Valera’s

speech was short, during which he said that if the Treaty was signed under duress, then the men who went over broke their faith

with the Irish people. If they signed it without duress, they were traitors to their cause. He said he believed it was signed under

duress. He said the forthcoming election was an attempt to get the Irish people to recognise partition, to get them to go into the

British Empire and accept a British monarch. After de Valera had finished his speech Cathal Brugha, Mary MacSwiney, David Kent, Liam Mellows and Countess Markievicz addressed the crowd. A

ballot of staff of the Cork General Post Office resulted in an almost unanimous vote in favour of strike action.


-1918-1923/1922.html

Mitchelstown - Barracks handed over

19/02/1922 The Police Barracks at Mitchelstown was handed over by British

forces to the Irish Republican Army.


-1918-1923/1922.html

Castletownbere - Barracks handed over

19/02/1922 The Police Barracks at Castletownbere was handed over by British

forces to the Irish Republican Army.


-1918-1923/1922.html

Michael Collins authorised the set up of the Belfast City Guard

22/02/1922

Michael Collins secretly authorised the formation of a specially-paid unit of 70 IRA volunteers (Parkinson says 72, including 12

officers), known as the Belfast City Guard, to protect districts from loyalist attacks. It operated until August 1922, the same month that

Collins was killed


Limerick Stand-Off between Pro and Anti Treaty

Mar-22

Stand-off occurs in Limerick between 700 pro-treaty IRA men under Michael Brennan and 800 Anti-Treaty IRA fighters under Ernie

O'Malley over who will take over the military barracks, which were being abandoned by British troops. After negotiations between the

Mayor of Limerick, Stephen M. O'Mara, Anti-Treaty leader Liam Lynch and Pro-Treaty leader Richard Mulcahy, fighting is averted. It

is decided that troops from outside Limerick will return to their own areas and that Limerick IRA men would divide the two military

garrisons there between pro- and Anti-Treaty units. Limerick Corporation will oversee the maintenance of the RIC barracks.


Cork City (Washington Street) - One Fatality

09/03/1922 Two RIC men were attacked in Hanover St., Cork and one is killed

(Constable Dudley O'Sullivan).

http://irishhistory1919-1923chronology.ie/march

_1922.htm

Cork City Pro-Treaty Rally with Michael Collins Connection

12/03/1922

Michael Collins and prominent supporters took part in a Pro-Treaty Rally in Cork City. 50,000 people gathered to listen to speeches on

Grand Parade, some from as far away as Sullivan’s Quay. During his speech, Michael Collins said that de Valera and his followers were

suggesting that martyrdom and destruction were better than materialism and slavery. He said there was no slavery under the

Treaty. He said the Anti-Treaty side were inciting mutiny for their own ends, and were jeopardising Ireland’s independence and

progress. Towards the end of the meeting revolver shots were fired into the air. Liam De Róiste then said “We were not afraid of the

Black-and-Tans, and we are not afraid of them.” He then asked to crowd to support the Treaty in the forthcoming general election.


-1918-1923/1922.html

Cork City (Barrack Street) - One Fatality

25/03/1922 Ex-RIC man (Sgt William Gloster) was shot dead in Barrack's St.,

Cork Barry Keane

IRA Army Convention

26/03/1922

IRA leaders meet in an "Army Convention" and vote to repudiate the Treaty. They also reject the authority of the Dáil to accept the Treaty and set up their own 16 man "Army Executive", led by Liam

Mellows and Rory O'Connor


Ballycotton - Weapons seized from the British Ship the Upnor

29/03/1922

IRA volunteers under Seán O'Hegarty seized the British ship Upnor off the coast of Ballycotton, County Cork, taking a large cache of

weapon. They take between 400 and 1,500 rifles, 60 machine guns, 700 handguns and over 25,000 rounds of ammunition, which they

then distribute to Anti-Treaty IRA units.


USA, New York an Cork City: Suspected Informer shot by IRA Volunteers from Cork

13/04/1922

A suspected informer (Patrick 'Cruxy' Connors) is shot dead in Manhattan, New York by men of the Cork city IRA. (Even though, word went back to Cork that he had been killed, it is possible that he was survived the attack.)


Dublin - Four Courts taken over by Anti-Treaty Forces followed by many further public buildings.

13/04/1922 to

14/04/1922

The Anti-Treaty IRA under Rory O'Connor took over the Four Courts building in Dublin. The following day, O'Connor, Mellows, and

others lead 200 Anti-Treaty IRA men in taking over several other public buildings around Dublin.


Anti-Treaty attacks on Pro-Treaty troops in Dublin

20/04/1922

There is 'intense firing' for two hours, starting at midnight, by Anti-Treaty fighters on the Pro-Treaty troops in Dublin stationed at the Provisional Government headquarters in Merrion Square, the Bank of Ireland on College Green, the telephone exchange and City Hall,

Dublin. Three people are wounded. The Four Courts Anti-Treaty garrison denies knowledge of the attack


General Strike against Civil War

24/04/1922 A general strike took place, called by the Labour Party (and

supported by 75,000 workers) against the prospect of civil war


Ovens - Shooting - Two Fatalities

26/04/1922

On 26th April 1922, at 02:30 a.m., Captain Herbert Woods fired a single shot from his Bulldog 45 revolver at IRA Commandant

Michael O'Neill on the stairs of Ballygroman House, Ovens. Herbert Woods was subsequently killed.

Barry Keane

Dunmanway - Massacre - Thirteen Fatalities

26/04/1922 to

29/04/1922

After the fatal shooting of a local anti-Treaty IRA officer, Michael O'Neill, in a dispute over a car which the IRA wanted to

commandeer, elements of the local IRA shot 14 local Protestant men in and around County Cork, killing all but one, in revenge.

Between 26 and 29 April 1922, there were thirteen violent killings in West Cork which later became known as “The Dunmanway

Massacre”. After the killing of O'Neill, later that night three civilian residents of Dunmanway were shot dead when they answered

their front doors. Two others were seriously wounded. The shootings continued in Dunmanway the following night, with

several wounded and five civilians killed, varying in age from 18 to 60. The majority of victims were Protestant. The Dáil cabinet

expressed its horror at the events. More killings occurred on 29 April. As a result of these murders, many Protestant families moved

from the West Cork area, fleeing to Dublin or England in the fear they would be targeted. Brigade Commandant Tom Hales pledged

protection for all citizens of the area, irrespective of creed, and ordered IRA members to lay down their arms or face severe

penalties. The names of the civilians killed were Francis Fitzmaurice; David Gray (a chemist), James Buttimer (a retired

draper); Robert Howe, John Chinnery, Alexander McKinley (aged 16), John Buttimer, Jim Greenfield, Robert Nagle (aged 16), and

John Bradfield. Two Hornibrook colleagues (Thomas and Samuel)



-1918-1923/1921.html and Barry Keane and

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dunmanway_killings

who were with Captain Herbert Woods (in the shooting of Michael O'Neill) were also killed.

Macroom - Four Fatalities

26/04/1922

On the morning of the 26 April 1922 three British Army Intelligence Officers - Ronald Hendy; George Dove and Kenneth Henderson -

and their driver, Private J. Brooks, left Ballincollig Barracks ostensibly on a fishing expedition. The local IRA did not believe

they were fishing, in that they had no fishing equipment, and they were shot some time between 26 and 29 April 1922 and buried at

Clondrohid.

Barry Keane


27/04/1922 Seán Bullman was accidentally killed and was buried in the Republican Plot at St. Finbarrs Cemetery on 30 April 1922.

Barry Keane

Pact signed by both Michael Collins and Eamon de Valera that the election would be contested by Pro and Anti-Treaty sides

03/05/1922 Michael Collins and Éamon de Valera sign a Pact, in which the pro-

and Anti-Treaty wings of Sinn Féin would jointly contest the upcoming first election of the new state


Cobh Admiralty House; Youghal Military Barracks and Cork City Victoria Barracks Hand-over

18/05/1922

British Forces handed Victoria Barracks (later renamed Collins Barracks) to the Irish Republican Army. British Troops left the

barracks at 7pm and embarked the S.S. Classic on Custom House Quay. Before they left they lowered the Union Jack and took it with

them. Irish Troops remained at the rear gate until the British Military had handed over the keys of the main gate to I.R.A Captain

MacNeill. At 8pm a force of 200 Irish Soldiers of the 1st Cork Brigade entered the Barracks by the front gate and formally took

possession of the Barracks. Youghal Military Barracks and Admiralty House in Cobh were also handed over to Irish Forces on this day.


-1918-1923/1922.html

Truce in the Dáil to prevent the Civil War

20/05/1922 Pro and Anti-Treaty leaders announce a "truce" in the Dáil to try to

prevent civil war


Ballinspittle - Shooting - One Fatality

20/05/1922

The Southern Star on 27th May 1922 reports that Timothy O'Leary ex-RIC was shot outside Ballinaspittle when returning from Kinsale with his aunt Mrs. Fielding by 'two boys' who stopped their pony and trap and took him away. She never saw him alive again. The

killing had taken place on May 20th.

Barry Keane

Knockraha - One Fatality

01/06/1922

Andrew Bushe reports in Irish Independent July 1 2007 An October 1924 memo from Chief Supt P Fahy in Cork said he had received "reliable information" that Constable Michael Williams (retired) had been taken to Corry's farm where a kangaroo court presided over by Sean Hegarty and involving Mrs McCurtain as a witness

sentenced him to death. He was thereafter killed.

Barry Keane

Royal Ulster Constabulary takes over policing in Northern Ireland

01/06/1922 The new Royal Ulster Constabulary took over policing in Northern

Ireland


Cork City (Blackrock) - Shooting - One Fatality

17/06/1922 Frederick Grant (aged 17) died from wounds received after a burst of revolver fire in Blackrock, Cork the previous Saturday night P 5

Col 7 Barry Keane

Pro-Treaty Sinn Fein win the Irish General Election

18/06/1922

Pro-Treaty Sinn Féin party wins the election, despite the Collins/De Valera Pact stating the election was not to be held on the issue of

the Treaty but to form a Coalition Government, with 239,193 votes to 133,864 for Anti-Treaty Sinn Féin. A further 247,226 people

voted for other parties, all of whom supported the Treaty (except Unionist Party)


London - British General, Sir Henry Wilson, assassinated at his home - Two further Fatalities

22/06/1922 to

10/08/1922

British General Sir Henry Wilson, who had been a military adviser to the Northern Ireland government, was shot dead at his home in London by IRA volunteers Reginald Dunne and Joseph O'Sullivan, purportedly in reprisal for attacks against Catholics in Ulster; two

policemen and a passerby were also wounded. The two IRA volunteers were captured and hanged on 10 August 1922.


and https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sir_Henry_Wilson,_1

st_Baronet

Michael Collins gives final ultimatum to the Four Courts Garrison

27/06/1922 Collins gives a final ultimatum to the Four Courts garrison to

surrender before they are attacked.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Iris

h_Civil_War

Killavullen - Execution - Fatality

28/06/1922 Retired Sergeant John Tehan was found shot through the head in a

field at Killavullen. Barry Keane

The Irish Civil War begins at the Four Courts

28/06/1922

Fighting broke out in Dublin between pro- and anti-Treaty units of the IRA. Michael Collins borrows two British 18-pounder field guns to bombard the Four Courts. This marked the start of the Irish Civil War, which effectively ended serious violence in Northern Ireland

as it distracted attention from the continued British presence there. On June 29th British give Collins two more 18 pounders to increase the bombardment of the Four Courts. Free State troops storm the eastern buildings of the complex, losing 3 dead and 14

wounded.


h_Civil_War

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Irish_Civil_War



Dublin: Four Courts and Irish Public Records Office Explosion

30/06/1922

Anti-Treaty commander in the Four Courts, Paddy O'Brien is wounded by shrapnel. Ernie O'Malley assumes command. In the

morning there is a truce to remove the wounded. Shortly afterwards, a massive explosion destroys the western wing of the Four Courts and the Irish Public Records Office along with it. It is

thought to have been caused when fires from the artillery bombardment set off munitions stored there, although Free State

troops claim that the building was mined. 20 Free State soldiers are maimed in the blast. O'Malley surrenders the Four Courts when Oscar Traynor sends word that he cannot break through to help them. Members of the IRA Army Executive Liam Mellows, Rory

O'Connor, Joe McKelvey and Dick Barret are among the prisoners, but O'Malley himself escapes.


h_Civil_War

Buttevant - Shooting - One Fatality

01/07/1922 Lieutenant William Spillane, on active service with Cork No. 1 Brigade, was accidentally shot dead by one of his comrades.

Barry Keane

Anti-Treaty fighters seize Enniscorthy, Co Wexford, involving Seán Moylan from North Cork

04/07/1922 to

08/07/1922

Ernie O'Malley and 250 Anti-Treaty fighters take Enniscorthy in County Wexford after some fighting. They take the Free State

garrison there captive but release them on condition that they do not fight again against Republicans. Seán Moylan and 230

republican troops occupy New Ross. They abandon Enniscorthy and New Ross on 8 July.


h_Civil_War

Skibbereen - One Fatality

04/07/1922 In Loving Memory Of Sec. Com. Patrick McCarthy Morahin 5th Cork Brigade IRA Who Died Of Wounds Received In Action at Skibbereen

July 4 1922 Aged 22 Yrs R.I.P.

Barry Keane and https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/172088249

/patrick-mccarthy

End of fighting in Dublin

05/07/1922

The remainder of Oscar Traynor's Anti-Treaty force in O'Connell street either slips away or surrenders. Republican leader Cathal Brugha is killed outside the Hamman hotel. Anti-Treaty Dublin

forces re-group in Blessington. The fighting In Dublin has cost sixty-five combatants killed, of whom 16 are government troops and 49 are Anti-Treaty IRA men, and 280 wounded of whom 122 are Free State soldiers and 158 are Republicans. The civilian casualties are

thought to comprise over 250 killed and injured.


h_Civil_War

Pro-Treaty forces seize Galway

07/07/1922

Pro-Treaty forces take Galway, with minimal resistance. One Anti-Treaty IRA captain, Donnellan is killed, five of his men are wounded

and 12 captured before Free State troops secure the area. The remaining republican fighters set fire to a number of public

buildings before fleeing the city. The National Army takes two killed and more wounded in the operation.


h_Civil_War

Fighting breaks out in Limerick between Pro-Treaty and Anti-Treaty fighters

11/07/1922 to

20/07/1922

Fighting breaks out in Limerick between Pro- and Anti-Treaty factions. National Army troops open fire on the Republicans

holding the Ordnance Barracks. Anti-Treaty forces capture 47 Free State troops in east County Limerick. On 15 July National Army troops assault Republican-held Strand Barracks and King John's

Castle in Limerick, with armoured cars, grenades, machine gun and mortar fire, but fail to take them. Six Free State troops are killed

and five wounded. One Republican is killed and five wounded. On 17 July Free State general Eoin O'Duffy arrives in Limerick with 1,500 National Army troops, four armoured cars and one 18-

pounder field gun. • 20 July – Fall of Limerick. Free State forces capture the Ordnance Barracks and Castle Barracks in Limerick. The Republicans burn the remaining two barracks they are holding and

retreat southwards. Fighting in Limerick has cost the lives of six Free State soldiers and 12 civilians, with a further 87 wounded. The press reports about thirty Anti-Treaty IRA men killed but a recent

study puts their fatalities at just five.


h_Civil_War


17/07/1922

The Southern Star reports that Patrick O’Mahony’s body was brought to the North Cathedral on the previous Tuesday. It had

since been established that this was Patrick O’Mahony from Crookstown. He was killed in action on 17 July

Barry Keane

Free State attack on Waterford

18/07/1922 to

20/07/1922

Free State general John T. Prout arrives in Waterford with 700 troops, one artillery piece and four armoured cars to take the city.

Prout sets up his gun on Mount Misery (Mercy) and bombards Republican held positions along the River Suir in the city, forcing them to eventually evacuate the military barracks and the post office. The barracks are burnt down by Irregulars before they

abandoned the city. Four deaths occurred during the fighting, one of which was a girl of ten, who was shot in the stomach. • 20 July –

Fall of Waterford Captain Ned O'Brien leads 100 National Army troops in boats in an attack on the quays in Waterford, taking 12 prisoners. Free State troops then cross the river Suir into the city. The Republicans abandon Ballybricken Prison on Friday afternoon, 21 July escaping to Mt. Congreve in Kilmeadan, the Comeraghs and eventually, Dungarvan where many men of the Flying Column give

up the struggle. Two Free State soldiers have been killed in the fighting in Waterford and 19 wounded. At least one Anti-Treaty

fighter is fatally wounded. Five civilians are also killed


h_Civil_War

Mercy Hospital, Cork - Fatality

18/07/1922

Irish Examiner death notice states William O'Sullivan died at the Mercy hospital from injuries received as the result of an accident. He is buried in the Republican Plot. St. Finbarr’s Cemetery, Cork

and was Anti-Treaty. Precise date of death uncertain.

Barry Keane

Sir James Craig, Prime Minister of Northern Ireland endorses Michael Collins

20/07/1922 Sir James Craig, Prime Minister of Northern Ireland issues a

statement endorsing Michael Collins' efforts to bring "peace and order to the South and West


h_Civil_War

Castlebar District Council condemns Free State

20/07/1922 Castlebar District Council, county Mayo issues a resolution

condemning the Free State Provisional government for inaugurating the war in Ireland


h_Civil_War

The taking of Bruff in Limerick

23/07/1922 to

24/07/1922

July – Free State troops under General W.R.E. Murphy take Bruff and Kilmallock in County Limerick. 24 July – Republican fighters under Liam Deasy re-take Bruff and take 76 Free State prisoners


h_Civil_War

Dublin (ref Cork City) - Fatality

30/07/1922 Death notice states that William Spillane was killed on active

service on 30 June presumably in Dublin. Irish Examiner p. 1 Buried in the Republican Plot, St. Finbarr’s Cemetery, Cork.

Barry Keane

Ballinspitle/Garretstown - Shooting - One Fatality

30/07/1922 James O' Donovan aged 23 was shot dead on the Garretstown road south of the village. He was an ex-Irish Guard and a tram conductor

in Cork. Barry Keane

Free State groups take over Bruree, Co. Limerick

30/07/1922

Free State troops take Bruree, County Limerick. The Dublin Guard, supported by artillery, attacks the village for five hours before the Anti-Treaty IRA retreats. At least 13 Free State soldiers and nine

Anti-Treaty fighters are killed in the action and more are wounded.


h_Civil_War

Ant--Treaty activist, Harry Boland was shot by Free State troops in Dublin

31/07/1922 to

02/08/1922

Anti-Treaty activist Harry Boland is shot by Free State troops as he is being arrested in Skerries, near Dublin. He dies on 2 August.


h_Civil_War

Anti-Treaty IRA officers ambushed Free State troops in Raheen, Co. Limerick - Fatalities

31/07/1922

Anti-Treaty IRA in Raheen, County Limerick ambushes Free State troops – two Colonels killed; 2nd Lt Michael Joe Costello and another officer turn ambush which results in capture of 30 of

ambushers. Costello is promoted by Michael Collins to Colonel-Commandant at the age of 18.


h_Civil_War

Free State authorities establish a volunteer Civil Guard in Mayo

01/08/1922 In Mayo, the Free State Authorities establish a volunteer Civilian

Guard. The initiative is later expanded to other counties


h_Civil_War

Free State troops invade many areas in Co. Kerry

02/08/1922

Naval Landing of Free State troops in County Kerry. Paddy Daly and the Dublin Guard, as well as others, a total of about 800, land at Fenit. They fight their way to Tralee at a cost of 9 killed and 35 wounded. Two Republican fighters are killed in the fighting and

more are wounded. The remainder retreat.


h_Civil_War

Two-thousand Free State Troops take over Killmallock, Co Limerick

05/08/1922 About 2,000 Free State troops under Eoin O'Duffy take Kilmallock,

County Limerick. The Republicans retreat towards Charleville.


h_Civil_War

Killdorrey - National Army troops take over

07/08/1922 National Army troops assault and take Kildorrey, County Cork from its anti-Treaty garrison. Casualties are reported as one dead and 2

wounded on either side. 27 Republicans are taken prisoner


h_Civil_War

The Battle For Cork (Passage West, Rochestown, Douglas, Cork City and ref Union Hall, Cobh, Castlemartyr, Midleton, Fermoy and Youghal) - Many Fatalities

08/08/1922 to

11/08/1922

Between 24 July and 10 August 1922 Pro-Treaty forces implemented a series of sea landings in a strategic offensive to take

the South and West of Ireland from the anti-Treaty Republicans who held Munster and Connacht. The largest of these took place

on 8 August, and were overseen by Emmet Dalton. The Irish Independent of 10 August reported on successful landings at

Passage West, Union Hall and Youghal. Irregular forces were routed at Union Hall. They had tried to destroy the pier, but the boat carrying Free State troops landed successfully at high tide. At

Passage West, 50 or more Irregulars were captured. The remaining anti-Treaty forces fought to impede the advance of National troops

to Cork. After a three day intensive battle for Douglas, on the



-1918-1923/1922.html

https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kildorrey&action=edit&redlink=1



outskirts of Cork city, the National Army once again was able to push the Republican Forces back because of their armoured cars and Artillery. As the National Army drew closer to the city of Cork

the Republican Forces pulled out in small sections while others kept the pressure on. The offices of “The Cork Examiner” and “The Cork Constitution” were burnt out by retreating Irregulars, as well as a number of barracks and the Technical school. The Admiralty House in Cobh was also burned. On 10 August, Free State troops entered Cork unopposed, the Republican forces having left their positions. Crowds of civilians greeted them. Irregulars evacuated Midleton and Castlemartyr and set fire to Castlemartyr Barracks. IRA Commander Liam Lynch abandoned Fermoy. The Cork No. 1

Brigade officers held a meeting later in August to decide to continue the war. A number of people on both sides lost their lives with some accounts indicating 30 people in total. The 15 National

Army and anti-Treatyforces men definitely known to have died were 12 from the National Army (James Gavigan, Henry Quinn,

Patrick Maguire, James Madden, Patrick Perry, Gerald McKenna, Frederick McKenna, William Nevin, Christopher O'Toole, Michael Collins (first cousin of Commander-in-chief), Flood, and one more

unnamed) and 3 from the Atni-Treaty IRA (Ian McaKenzie-Kennedy; James Maloney and Jeremiah Hourican (Hourigan).

Bandon/Kinsale - Shooting - One Fatality

08/08/1922 Denis Coffey, a Free State Intelligence Officer, was shot by 'the Irregulars' after they retreated from Bandon towards Kinsale,

because they believed he intended to switch sides. Barry Keane

Fermoy - The IRA's Anti-Treaty Chief of Staff, Liam Lynch, withdraws the policy of holding towns

11/08/1922

Liam Lynch, the Anti-Treaty IRA's Chief of Staff, abandons Fermoy, the last major Republican held town. Lynch issues orders that

Republican forces are to abandon the policy of holding towns, and orders them to form flying columns and pursue guerrilla warfare.

End of the war's conventional phase.


h_Civil_War

Free State troops take over Kenmare, Rathmore and Millstreet

11/08/1922

A Free State Naval landing takes place at Kenmare. Commandant Tom "Scarteen" O'Connor (formerly local IRA commander) lands unopposed with 200 pro-treaty men and occupies Rathmore and

Millstreet. Kerry operations in August have cost the National Army a total of 11 killed and 114 wounded.


h_Civil_War

Rathcormac - Shooting - One Fatality

11/08/1922

As National Army soldiers moved to take Fermoy, they were ambushed at Rathcormac. Following a fierce battle the anti-Treaty retreated to the rear of Mr. Curtin's house and continued firing. A stray bullet came through the window and hit him in the shoulder

before hitting Mary Ann Curtin in the head. She died.

Barry Keane

Free State president, Arthur Griffith, dies of a stroke

12/08/1922 Free State President Arthur Griffith dies of a stroke. He is replaced

by W. T. Cosgrave.


h_Civil_War

Dublin Castle handed over

17/08/1922

Dublin Castle, the centre of British Rule in Ireland for nearly 700 years was formally handed over on August 17, 1922 when

Commissioner Michael Staines led his new police force through the castle gates.

https://www.garda.ie/en/About-Us/Our-History/


18/08/1922

The only report of Christie Olden’s death is a motion of condolence from the Cork Handball Association on his untimely death. As he is buried in the Republican Plot it is not unreasonable to assume he was shot during the battle for Cork earlier in the month but the

report does not provide this information.

Barry Keane




Kildorrery - One Fatality

18/08/1922 Patrick Breen Jr. (19), a National Army soldier from Drogheda, was

killed in action at Kildorrery. Barry Keane


18/08/1922 Jeremiah McDonald [National Army] was shot in the head and died

instantly. Barry Keane

Liscarroll - Seven Free State troops are ambushed - One Fatality

20/08/1922

A party of seven Free State troops is ambushed in a car heading from Liscarrol to Kanturk, Cork. One National Army officer [Edward

Cregan] is killed, two others wounded and the remainder surrendered with their arms


h_Civil_War and Barry Keane

Cork City (South Infirmary Hospital) - One Fatality - Ref Macroom and Rochestown

20/08/1922

Private Patrick Corcoran died on 20 August 1922 in the South Infirmary. It is believed he died from wounds received near

Macroom on 10 August. As Macroom was occupied on 17 August without a shot being fired it is more probable that Corcoran was another victim of the Rochestown fighting. Prior to joining the

National Army, Corcoran had served with the British Army.

Barry Keane

Cork City (Old Blackrock Road) - One Fatality

21/08/1922

William Levingstone Cooke was shot dead when a group of men called to his house demanding subscriptions for a football club. Mr Levingstone Cooke lived at Rock Lodge, Old Blackrock Road, Cork’. Collections for such organisations were euphemisms used by those collecting for the IRA and Sinn Fein, those who refused were often not given the chance to refuse a second time. He was a member of

the Grand Jury on 14th July 1921 according to the Cork Constitution.

Barry Keane

Cork City (Ballincolig) - One Fatality

21/08/1922 Patrick Burns was asleep in Ballincollig Battacks on the night it was

burned by the anti-Treaty IRA. John Borgonovo and Barry

Keane

Beal na Blath - Michael Collins is killed by Anti-Treaty republicans

22/08/1922

National Army Commander-in-Chief Michael Collins is killed in an ambush by Anti-Treaty Republicans at Béal na Bláth, near his family

home in County Cork, he is the only fatality of the 45 minute fire fight. Richard Mulcahy takes over as National Army commander in chief. Collins had been pursuing talks with Anti-Treaty leaders Dan Breen, Liam Deasy and others in order to try to stop the fighting.

His killing greatly embittered the war and probably prolonged it by several months. Michael Collins was driving to Bandon with other Army Headquarters staff when the party was attacked by a large group of Irregulars. An hour’s fierce fighting ensued. Though the anti-Treaty forces were beaten back, it was not before General

Collins was shot in the head. One other member of the travelling party was injured during the incident. His body was removed –

under fire – to an armoured car and brought to Shanakiel Hospital. A message from the Government declared that Michael Collins

“had been slain, to our unutterable loss – but he cannot die. He will live in the rule of the people, which he gave his great best to assert,

and which his colleagues undertake as a solemn charge to maintain” .




Criminal Investigation Department formed in Dublin

22/08/1922

The Criminal Investigation Department (CID), a police intelligence unit, is formed to 'be distinct from existing police forces with

separate headquarters under direct control of the Minister for Home Affairs.' It was formed from members of the National Army

and the Irish Republican Police and is based at Oriel House, Westland Row, Dublin. They consist initially of over 100 heavily

armed men and later are 350 strong. Also thirty members of the Squad (a former IRA assassination unit) are established as the

Protective Corps, also based at Oriel House, to afford protection to members of the Provisional Government. The Oriel House unit is

effectively a counter-insurgency corps and is accused of the assassination of many Republicans during the conflict.




Two Fianna Eireann members and an Anti-Treaty IRA member are killed in Dublin

26/08/1922

Fianna Éireann members Seán Cole and Alf Colley and Anti-Treaty IRA member Bernard Daly, are abducted and killed in Dublin by the

CID, police unit based in Oriel House, allegedly in revenge for Michael Collins killing, although possibly in retaliation for the death

of a CID man the previous day.


h_Civil_War

Clondrohid - One Fatality

27/08/1922

A National Army officer from Belfast [Cyril Lee] was killed in an ambush at Clondrohid seven miles from Macroom on Sunday the

27th of August 1922. He died several hours after receiving a bullet wound to the head. Lieutenant Lee, a native of Belfast

Barry Keane

Mallow - One Fatality (Accidental)

28/08/1922

While a young soldier of the detachment of National troops at present doing duty in Mallow was examining his rifle in a room at

the Police Barracks on Sunday, the weapon accidentally went off, a young man named Jeremiah O'Callaghan from the town who

happened to be in the room at the time being mortally wounded.

Barry Keane

Mayo - A group of Irregulars attack a group of civilians in Westport - Five Fatalities

28/08/1922 Five civilians are killed in Westport Mayo after Irregulars open fire on a crowd leaving Mass. A mass was being held for the repose of

the soul of Michael Collins. National troops returned fire.


h_Civil_War


29/08/1922

On Tuesday the 5th of September 1922 a soldier [Denis McCarthy] of the National Army was shot dead, in Barrack Street, Cork, he had

only left his home where he was visiting his wife and child when the attack took place.

Barry Keane


29/08/1922 On his way to the Barracks, Denis McCarthy (National Army) was

shot and killed. Barry Keane

Clonakilty - Shooting - One Fatality

29/08/1922

Captain Hugh Thornton of the Dublin Brigade was shot dead in an ambush as he was being driven through the town of Clonakilty.

Thornton was a close associate of Michael Collins and had trained many of the Volunteers in West Cork.

Barry Keane

Bantry - Anti-Treaty IRA troops invade - Five Fatalities

30/08/1922

On the 30th of August forces of the National Army engage Anti-treaty forces in Bantry County Cork. Four soldiers of the Anti-treaty

Army are killed in various engagements around Bantry. On the night of 30 August 1922, Anti-Treaty forces under the command of

Brigadier Commandant Gibbs Ross, attacked Bantry Post Office. During the engagement Ross was shot in the head, and died shortly

after. Captain Patrick Cooney from Bridge Street Skibbereen, Lieutenant

Donal McCarthy from Carrigbawn Drinagh, Lieutenant Michael Crowley from Reenogreena Glandore were also killed as well as John Hourihane (National Army) Patrick McCarthy was shot in

Skibbereen in August date uncertain



Watergrass Hill - Fatality

30/08/1922

A Patrol was proceeding from Cork to Fermoy when at Watergrasshill about seven miles from Cork a mine exploded under the Crossley Tender. The Crossley Tender was badly damaged. The

dead soldier was named Albert Redvers Cottle [National Army]

Barry Keane

Cork City (Bandon Road) - One Fatality

31/08/1922 James Murray failed to hear a challenge to stop at a National Army

check-point on the Bandon Road in Cork city. A member of the army he was shot by his own side and killed.

Barry Keane

The Anti-Treaty IRA attacks the National army in Dublin

31/08/1922 The Anti-Treaty IRA mounts gun and grenade attacks on National

Army soldiers at Stephen's Green, Dublin.


h_Civil_War

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Irish_Civil_War%20%20and%20based%20on%20the%20work%20of%20Historian%20Barry%20Keane




Watergrass Hill - Ambush - Two Fatalities

01/09/1922

On Friday the 1st of September 1922 while recovering the wreckage of a National Army lorry destroyed in an earlier ambush two soldiers of the National Army were killed when ambushed on their return journey in Watergrasshill. The ambushers beat a hasty retreat but during the exchange of fire two of the National Army troops were mortally wounded. The two dead men were Driver

Richard (Dick) Kearns, aged 26 and married with two children and Nicholas Ward.

Barry Keane

Macroom - Anti-Treaty Attack - Two Fatalities

02/09/1922

In the early hours of 2 September 1922, a group of 300 Irregulars launched an attack on military positions in Macroom. They were heavily armed, utilising machine guns and armoured cars. After

over eight hours of fighting they were defeated by National Army forces. Two soldiers were killed [Francis Neary and John O'Leary]

The Irregulars sustained higher losses, and they were observed removing their dead by horse transport. Attack on Macroom left

two Free State troops dead and two wounded.



Cork City: National Army Soliders Attacked: Four Fatalities

02/09/1922 to

14/09/1922

Republicans attack National Army troops while they are drilling in front of the City Club in Cork city. They drive up in a lorry and open machine-gun fire on the Free State troops, killing two and injuring

six. Those killed were Michael Francis Behan and Thomas Conway. It was reported 2 weeks later that James McCann and James Yates

had also died.





03/09/1922 Jeremiah Coleman was shot somewhere between Crookstown and

Cork. Barry Keane

Eamon De Valera holds a secret meeting to try and call a truce/

05/09/1922

A secret meeting takes place between Richard Mulcahy and Éamon de Valera, political leader of the Republicans, to try to arrange a

truce. However, according to de Valera, they, "couldn't find a basis" of agreement.


h_Civil_War

IRA fighters ambush National Army troops in Limerick - One Cork Fatality

05/09/1922

IRA fighters ambush National Army troops in Glenacone County Limerick, but are worsted in the ensuing action, One IRA officer, D Finich of Cork 2 Brigade is killed and 12 prisoners are taken. Two

National Army soldiers are wounded.


h_Civil_War

Macroom - Kidnapping and Execution - One Fatality (ref Cork City)

08/09/1922

Republican activist Timothy Kenefick is abducted from his home in Cork city by Free State troops. He is shot dead and his body is

dumped near Macroom. ‘Inquest held by ‘Coroner J.J. Horgan’ at ‘Mr. Gilligans, Coachford’, Monday September 11th 1922.

Concludes that Kenefick was murdered by a party of Free State Troops.



Cork City (Leemount Bridge) - One Fatality

09/09/1922 Patrick Murphy was shot after refusing to halt at an anti-Treaty

road block Barry Keane

Ant-Treaty troops attack Free State Troops near Rathmore, Co. Kerry - Seven Fatalities

10/09/1922

Anti-Treaty ambush of Free State troops near Rathmore, County Kerry. Seven National Army soldiers are killed. The Republicans retire after an artillery piece is brought up to fire seven shells at

them.


h_Civil_War

Donoughmore - Ambush - Two Fatalities

14/09/1922 to

17/09/1922

At an ambush outside Donoughmore Denis Creedon and John O’Brien [both National Army] were killed.

Barry Keane

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Irish_Civil_War%20and%20based%20on%20the%20work%20of%20Historian%20Barry%20Keane




Cork City (Bridge Street) - One Fatality

14/09/1922

On Thursday the 14th of September 1922 a young merchant sailor Edward Williams aged 18 from 15 Burley Street Liverpool who was

serving on the Cork Steam Packet Company’s S.S. Kenmare as a wireless watcher was shot dead on the corner of Bridge Street Cork. Williams had left the ship with another young man, John William Cave of 8 Howe Street Liverpool, on Thursday night, as

they were talking to some girls at the corner of Bridge Street a man emerged from a Public House and fired on Williams with a revolver.

Barry Keane

Carrigapooka - Explosion - Nine Fatalities

16/09/1922 to

17/09/1922

Eight or nine members of a National Army patrol were killed at Carrigapooka outside Macroom after attempting to remove a mine from the roadway. Among those killed was Colonel Commandant Thomas Keogh of the Dublin Brigade. It was said that a bomb had

been placed under the mine which exploded when the troops attempted to lift it. On of the National Army was unnamed and the seven others were Tom Manning; Dan O'Brien, William Murphy,

Ralph Conway, Patrick O'Rourke, John Riordan and James Buckley [anti-Treaty].

Barry Keane and http://www.corkpastandpresent.ie/history/timeline

-1918-1923/1922.html

Coachford - Shooting - One Fatality (accidental)

18/09/1922 A national Army soldier [Bernard (Parick) Gray (Grey)] is

accidentally killed cleaning his rifle. He was a member of the Scottish Brigade of the National Army.



Aherla (ref Crookstown) - Shooting - One Fatality

19/09/1922 David O'Sullivan, National Army, was shot and killed at Aherla after

returning from the lifting of landmines at Crookstown Barry Keane

Kinsale - Shooting - One Fatality (accidental)

21/09/1922 Robert O'Sulivan, National Army, was accidentally shot at Kinsale

Barracks Barry Keane

Cork City (Washington Street) - One Fatality (accidental)

22/09/1922

Mrs. Francis Haines [Frances Haynes] (mother in law of Anthony Hawkesworth) was killed in a machine gun attack on Free State

troops stationed in Moore's Hotel. The firing was on the other side of the river and Mrs Haines [Haynes] who lived next door was

found dead after the attack.

Barry Keane

Glengarriff - Kidnapping and Execution - One Fatality

22/09/1922

Nothing at this stage would be known of the death of Timothy Collins, because it was never reported in the newspapers and there

is no evidence that an inquest was held, except for a single question asked in the Dáil. It is understood from same that Timothy

Collins was kidnapped and murdered on 22nd September 1922.

Barry Keane

Myrtleville - Fatality (accidental)

24/09/1922 Anti Treaty IRA Jeremiah Long died in a motorcycle accident at

Myrtleville, buried in the Republican Plot. Barry Keane

Cork City (Cork Gaol) - Shooting - One Fatality

24/09/1922

IRA prisoners in Cork Gaol were engaged in a stand-off. At 11:50 a.m. sentries were ordered to fire to frighten them back into their cells. Some including, Patrick Mangan, still refused and one of the

sentries fired again, hitting and killing Mangan.

Barry Keane

Five-hundred Anti-Treaty IRA men invade Killorglin. Co. Kerry

27/09/1922

About 500 Anti-Treaty IRA men attack Killorglin, County Kerry, led by Seán Hyde. However, they fail to dislodge a pro-treaty garrison of 60 men from Clare who hold the barracks in the town. British

Intelligence reports that 23 Republicans are killed in the action and 30 wounded. Anti-Treaty soldier David Robinson admits to 2 killed,

15 wounded and 14 captured. The Republicans disperse after 24 hours of fighting, when Free State troops arrive from Tralee.


h_Civil_War

Innishannon - Shooting - One Fatality

27/09/1922 Edward Searls, a national army soldier, was hit by an explosive

bullet in the head and died. The incident took place on the Bandon side of Innishannon.

Barry Keane

The captured Republican leader, Tom Barry, escapes

28/09/1922 The Republican leader Tom Barry, who was captured in the Dublin fighting, escapes from an internment camp in Gormanston, County

Dublin.


h_Civil_War

from a camp in Gormanston, Co. Dublin

Cork City - Death of Commandant Seán O' Donoghue

28/09/1922

Irregular Sean O’Donoghue, Acting C/O of the 1st Cork Brigade, was killed during an ambush on National Army troops two miles outside Blackpool, near Cork city. He had recently escaped from Cork Gaol. The National troops, consisting of one officer and ten

soldiers, had been travelling by car for some hours, inspecting houses in the area. They were attacked by a group of twelve

Irregulars carrying rifles, guns and ammunition.



Inchigeelagh - Occupation by National Army

28/09/1922

The National Army, under Major-General Dalton, broke the Irregulars’ filed organisation and occupied Inchigeelagh. A number

of Irregulars were captured, leaving Ballyvourney the sole remaining stronghold for Anti-Treaty forces in County Cork.


-1918-1923/1922.html

Inchigeelagh (ref Dunmanway) - Shooting - One Fatality

29/09/1922 During a sweep from Inchegeela to Ballingeary Stephen Donovan

[National Army] from Dunmanway was killed - the victim of a sniper's bullet.

Barry Keane

The Free State offers an amnesty to Anti-Treaty fighters who surrender

03/10/1922 The Free State offers an amnesty to Anti-Treaty fighters who

surrender their arms and recognise the government.


h_Civil_War

Bantry (ref Mercy Hospital, Cork City) - Shooting - One Fatality

03/10/1922 to

10/10/1922

Miss Helena Barry died in the Mercy Hospital on 10/11/1922 as a result of a bullet wound received on the 3rd October in her home

near Bantry. Barry Keane

Whitechurch - Executions - Two Fatalities

04/10/1922

On Wednesday the 4th of October 1922 two young men were taken from their homes and not heard of until their bodies were

found tied together in a turnip field on Saturday the 7th of October. The two men were Patrick Burns of Knockbeg,

Whitechurch, County Cork., and Daniel O’Hanlon Ballinamoora White’s Cross, County Cork. The two men were well known

supporters of the treaty

Barry Keane

Kealkill - Shooting - One Fatality

04/10/1922 During a National Army offensive in Kealkill against anti-Treaty

forces, a farmer named Jeremiah Holland was shot through the head and died instantly.

Barry Keane

Upton - Ambush - Three Fatalities

05/10/1922

On the 5th of October 1922 three Anti Treaty Troops were shot dead near the village of Upton County Cork. The men died when

they attempted to cut off a small National Army out-post but were surprised by a larger force of national Army Troops. The three men

were Patrick Pearse; Daniel Sullivan and Michael Hayes.

Barry Keane

White's Cross (ref Donoughmore) - One Fatality

06/10/1922 Francis Power, killed in battle White’s Cross. His name is recorded

on the No. 1 Brigade monument in Donoughmore Cemetery. Barry Keane

Timoleague - Fatality (accidental)

06/10/1922 During an IRA operation to demolish a bridge in Timoleague some

masonry fell on Daniel O'Donovan and he was killed Barry Keane

The Roman Catholic Bishops of Ireland announce support for the Free State

10/10/1922

The Roman Catholic Bishops of Ireland issue a formal statement, supporting the Free State as the lawful and democratic

government, denouncing the Anti-Treaty campaign as an unlawful rebellion and denying their fighters access to Holy Communion or

Confession.


h_Civil_War

Dunmanway - Ambush- One Fatality

11/10/1922

On the 11th of October 1922 a soldier of the national Army was killed in an ambush when marching between Dunmanway and

Clonakilty. Two men were badly wounded in the attack and Patrick Byrne lost his live.

Barry Keane

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Irish_Civil_War%20%20based%20on%20the%20work%20of%20Historian%20Barry%20Keane

Cork Prison - Fatality

11/10/1922 Anti-Treaty, Richard Noonan (18) collapsed and died of a heart

attack in Cork prison Barry Keane

Bandon - Shooting (accidental) - One Fatality

11/10/1922 National Army Joseph (James) Claffey was shot dead accidentally

in Bandon by a colleague. He was a member of the Dublin Brigade. Barry Keane


13/10/1922 On 21st October the Southern Star P.7 ex-RIC man Patrick Clancey

of 10, Cemetery Row Old Youghal Road was shot at 11 am after withdrawing £30 from the Bank of Ireland.

Barry Keane

The Public Safety Bill comes into effect

15/10/1922

The Public Safety Bill comes into effect. The bill called for people to hand over their weapons in a brief amnesty, after which time the possession of arms could be punishable by execution. This led to

the summary executions of captured Anti-Treaty fighters.


h_Civil_War

The Free State director of communications orders changes to the names of the various groups in conflict and there actions

15/10/1922

Directives are sent to the press by Free State director of communications, Piaras Béaslaí to the effect that; Free State troops

are to be referred to as the "National Army", the "Irish Army", or just "troops". The Anti-Treaty side are to be called "Irregulars" and

are not to be referred to as "Republicans", "IRA", "forces", or "troops", nor are the ranks of their officers allowed to be given. No

letters about the treatment of Anti-Treaty prisoners are to be published. The words "attacked, commandeered and arrested" as

used to describe their actions are to be replaced by, "fired at, seized and kidnapped".


h_Civil_War

Bantry - Shooting - One Fatality (accidental)

16/10/1922 National Army Jeremiah Driscoll died following the accidental

discharge of Private Hurley's rifle in 'The Rink', Bantry on 16 October 1922.

Barry Keane


16/10/1922

At about 10 o’clock on the night of the 16th of October 1922 armed men called at the house of John Patrick Walsh of Gerald Griffin Street Cork and shot him dead. Southern Star reports that on

October 21st page 8 that John (Sean) was most likely shot because he took the Free State side in the Civil War despite requests to

switch sides

Barry Keane

Lombardstown Ambush (ref Killavullen) - One Fatality

17/10/1922

During an ambush at Lombardstown near Mallow Anti Treaty IRA member Callaghan was shot by machine gunfire directed at the

hedge from which the Anti Treaty IRA were firing. A roadside memorial in Killavullen identifies him as James O’Callaghan who

was killed on 16th October

Barry Keane

Cork City (Mercy Hospital) - One Fatality (Youth)

18/10/1922

A grenade or bomb was thrown at a Free State Crossley tender but bounced off into the street at the Lee Boot Factory before it

exploded seriously injuring two young girls. Ellen (Lily) Gallagher from Western Road sustained a serious head wound from shrapnel and despite regaining consciousness the following morning passed

away a few days later at the Mercy Hospital. She was 13 approximately.

Barry Keane


20/10/1922 National Army Daniel Sullivan was shot while removing a roadblock

at Curragh Hill, three miles to the west of Clonakilty Barry Keane

Millstreet (ref Midleton) - Shooting - One Fatality

22/10/1922 National Army Thomas O’Mahony was killed in an ambush in

Millstreet. He is buried in the Republican Plot in Midleton. Barry Keane

Carrigaloe Ambush - One Fatality

22/10/1922

On Sunday the 22nd of October 1922 Anti-Treaty Volunteer Daniel O’Halloran aged 34 was killed in an ambush on Free State troops at

Carrigaloe County Cork. A Lieutenant of the National Army gave evidence at the inquest that he had left Queenstown at 9.30 to visit troops at Belvally and on his return journey a bomb was thrown at

the car he was travelling in, one of the men in the car was wounded. On reaching Queenstown the Lieutenant got some

reinforcements and returned to the scene of the ambush. When they returned fire was opened on them which they returned.

During this exchange of fire O’Halloran was killed.

Barry Keane

Cork City (Washington Street) - One Fatality (accidental)

22/10/1922 to

26/10/1922

David Nolan died on 26/10/1922 from an injury received on 22 October when a military lorry collided with a trap in which he and

another were occupants in Washington Street. Barry Keane

Charleville - One Fatality

23/10/1922 National Army James Marum was shot and killed in Charleville. He

was from Bray, County Wicklow. Barry Keane

Enactment of the Constitution of the Irish Free State

25/10/1922 The enactment of the Constitution of the Irish Free State on 25th

October 1922, which included equal voting rights for women DCHG Document

Eamon De Valera sets up a "Republican Cabinet"

25/10/1922

Éamon de Valera, at the request of the IRA Army Executive, sets up a "Republican Cabinet", formed from Anti-Treaty TDs to: "be

temporarily the Supreme Executive of the Republic and the State, until such time as the elected Parliament of the Republic can freely

assemble, or the people being rid of external aggression are at liberty to decide freely how they are to be governed".


h_Civil_War

Castletownroche - Three Fatalities

25/10/1922 At an action near Castletownroche, Cork, three IRA fighters are reported by the press to have been killed and nine wounded,

having returned to the village for a funeral. [NAMES UNKNOWN]


h_Civil_War

Ladysbridge - Attack - One Fatality

25/10/1922

Anti-Treaty William Cox (23) was shot at Ladysbridge during a fire-fight when National Troops arrived in the village to raid a house. On

their approach they were attacked by rifle and machine gun fire. Cox died that night in Midleton Hospital.

Barry Keane

Cork City - Fatality 28/10/1922 Shots were fired on A Free state military truck on Patrick's Bridge

and Daniel Griffin 29 of Roche's Buildings was struck by one of the bullets and killed. He was a civilian.

Barry Keane

Mallow - Shooting - One Fatality

30/10/1922 A Free State soldier, Daniel Dennehy of Cork is shot dead by

machine gun fire while guarding a railway near Mallow, Co Cork.


h_Civil_War and Barry Keane (date)

Cork City (Female Prison) - Shooting - One Fatality (accidental)

01/11/1922 While National Army Jeremiah O'Sullivan was on guard at Cork's

Female Prison he was shot and killed by the accidental discharge of another soldier's rifle.

Barry Keane

Ballineen - Five Fatalities

04/11/1922 to

07/11/1922

The newspapers provided a graphic account of an intense anti-Treaty attack on the twin villages of Ballineen/Enniskeane, during which give casualties occurred: Anti-Treaty IRA John Howell, Anti-

Treaty Timothy (Tadhg) O'Leary and National Army Thomas Gallagher and National Army Michael Woods (Wolfe). National

Army Andrew Horgan died later on 7 November 1922.

Barry Keane

Coachford - Shooting - One Fatality

05/11/1922 The National Army arrests Republican at checkpoint and executes

him on the side of the road, in Peake near Coachford, Co Cork.{NAME UNKNOWN]


h_Civil_War

Glanmire - Republicans attack a National Army barracks

06/11/1922 Republicans attack the National Army barracks at Glanmire, Cork.

One civilian is wounded in the crossfire.


h_Civil_War

Cork City (Bishopstown) - Execution - One Fatality

07/11/1922

Southern Star Reports on 11 November P.4 that William Aherne aged about 30 years of Model Cottages was shot by the IRA as a

spy. The Irish Times report stated ‘The body of a man named William Aherne, aged 30, was found at Bishopstown, near Cork, at

about 9.30 o'clock on Tuesday evening. On the body was a label inscribed, “Shot as spy.—I.R.A.”

Barry Keane


10/11/1922 James Murphy was shot during sniper fire at Victoria barracks. He

was a passer-by. Barry Keane

Youghal - Shooting - Two Fatalities

11/11/1922

The son (15) of the captain of the ship Isabella from Gloucester was walking past the police barracks in Youghal when they were

challenged to halt by a sentry. He fired and both men were killed: Samuel Jones and James Lack.

Barry Keane

Castletownroche (ref Cobh) - One Fatality

11/11/1922 At Castletownroche troops went for a ‘joyride’ with an army truck

and National Army Frank Creegan from Cobh was killed when it went out of control.

Barry Keane

Bantry - One Fatality

11/11/1922 to

14/11/1922

Volunteer William Cronin succumbed to injuries received in an ambush near Durrus Road, Bantry, on Saturday 11 November.

Barry Keane

Cork City (Riverstown / Mercy Hospital) - One Fatality (accidental, aged 3)

13/11/1922

Perhaps one of the most tragic events of this period was the death of a little girl (aged 3 years and 3 months) called Eileen O’Driscoll in Riverstown who threw a cartridge that she had found on a fire. She was hit in the head when the cartridge exploded and she died a few

days later in the Mercy Hospital

Barry Keane

Newtownshandrum - One Fatality

13/11/1922 During an ambush at Newtown Shandrum Mollie Egan (aged 24)

was driving a trap from which a man was shooting at troops. When they retirned fire she was killed.

Barry Keane and https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Iris

h_Civil_War

Rathduff: One Fatality (accidental)

14/11/1922 John Cronin was working for the National Army's Labour Corps on

the railway line at Rathduff Station when he was shot and killed accidentally.

Barry Keane


16/11/1922 The funeral of Private (National Army) William Francis Woulahan, killed in action in Bandon, took place with full military honours at

Rathmies Church. Barry Keane

Glengarriff - Shooting - One Fatality

17/11/1922 Anti-Treaty IRA Patrick Duggan was shot at Glengarriffe as National

troops fought their way down the peninsula. Barry Keane

Cork City (Mulgrave Road) - Shooting - Two Fatalities

20/11/1922

Madge Daly was walking down Mulgrave Road when a shot was fired at Private Daniel Desmond of the Free State Army. The bullet

passed through her head and struck him also in the head killing them both

Barry Keane

Kiilcorney - Fatality 23/11/1922 National soldier Henry Stringer from Mallow was killed in an

ambush at Kilcorney Barry Keane

Cork City (Ballyvolane) - Two Fatalities

24/11/1922

Thomas McCann, Sergeant Major National Army and Private John Walsh were killed when they were blown to pieces by a mine at

Ballyvolane, County Cork. The date of the incident in which he was killed is recorded as the 23rd of November 1922.

Barry Keane

Former Treaty negotiator, Erskine Childers is killed by the Free State

24/11/1922

Former Treaty negotiator Erskine Childers is executed by the Free State, having been captured in possession of a pistol-which,

ironically, had been given to Childers by Michael Collins (Irish leader). There are attacks that night on Portobello and Wellington

attacks in Dublin but inflicting no casualties.


h_Civil_War

Cork City (Sunday's Well) - One Fatality

27/11/1922 On Saturday evening, two civilians were wounded, one very

seriously. One of those wounded, civilian Daniel O'Meara (Mara) died two later.

Barry Keane

Crossbarry/Upton - Two Fatalities

27/11/1922 At an ambush at Crossbarry two national troops were killed. One

was William Williamson and one was unknown. Barry Keane

Anti-Treaty IRA commander, Liam Lynch, orders his soldiers to kill members of the Dáil, judges and newspaper editors

30/11/1922

In reprisal for the executions, Liam Lynch, Anti-Treaty IRA Commander, issues a general order to his forces to kill members of

the Dáil (T.D.s) and senators who had voted for the Emergency Powers legislation. He also orders the killing of hostile judges and

newspaper editors.


h_Civil_War

Drimoleague - One Fatality

30/11/1922

According to Colonel Murphy of the Cork Command [National Army], 'On November 30th something approaching a mutiny broke out in the ranks of his Column'. Murphy noted that it was not clear

how Lieutenant [Daniel] O'Leary was killed, but that a shot was fired 'in the endeavour to quell the trouble' and he 'fell, mortally

wounded'.

Barry Keane

Riverstown - House Raid - One Fatality

30/11/1922 Anti-Treaty IRA William Buckley was shot at Riverstown by

National troops Barry Keane

Dunmanway - Ambush- One Fatality

04/12/1922

A party of 60 Republican fighters ambushes a Free State convoy of two lorries on Drimoleague Road, near Dunmanway in West Cork.

One National Army sergeant is killed [NAME UNKNOWN]. The National Army troops call for air support and an aeroplane bombs and machine guns the Anti-Treaty fighters before they disperse.



Ballymackeera - Attack - Three Fatalities

06/12/1922 to

07/12/1922

An attack on Ballymackeera by Anti Treaty forces to rescue one of their men lead by an armoured car (Sliabh na mBan) resulted in the

death of Sgt. Thomas Nolan and the wounding of fifteen other National Troops. Private William McNeice died subsequently in the

Mercy Hospital in Cork on 7 December. ‘Memoirs of an old warrior’ by James Moynihan (Mercier 2014) states that a civilian

[Cornelius O'Leary] was also shot and killed..

Barry Keane

Ballyvourney - Shooting - One Fatality

06/12/1922

National Army forces raided Gortnalicka late in the evening of the day of this attack. They opened fire from a distance on Daniel

(Jeremiah) Casey who was alone in the district and was armed with a rifle. Casey was wounded and, when the officer in charge of the Free State forces reached the wounded man he (the officer) shot

him through the heart.

Barry Keane





The Irish Free State is established

06/12/1922

On December 6th 1922, the Irish Free State, provisionally set up under the Anglo-Irish Treaty in January, was formally established by

an Act of the British Parliament. Eleven days later the last 6,000 British troops in Dublin were shipped back to Britain. President Cosgrave, in his address to a crowd which included about 100

Deputies, wished the Northern counties well. He appealed to those opposed to the Treaty to open their eyes and realise that freedom

was in their hands.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Irish_War_of_Independence; https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Iris

h_Civil_War + http://www.corkpastandpresent.ie/history/timeline

-1918-1923/1922.html

Cork City (Glanmire) - Attack - One Fatality

06/12/1922 National Army Daniel Hurley was guarding the mail lorry from

Fermoy to Cork. At Glanmire the lorry was attacked and Hurley was shot.

Barry Keane

Pro-Treaty TD, Sean Hales, is killed by Anti-Treaty soldiers near Leinster House

07/12/1922

[Since November 17, the Free State had executed eight Republican prisoners under emergency legislation known as the Public Safety

Bill. On December 7, TDs Sean Hales of Cork and Padraig O Maile of Mayo emerged from their lunch at a hotel on Ormonde Quay. Both had been active in Sinn Fein and the IRA in the struggle against the British, but had supported the Treaty. As they were getting into the car that would drive them to parliament, two gunmen opened fire

on them, killing Hales and severely wounding O Maile.

Barry Keane

Cork City (Patrick's Street) - One Fatality (accidental)

08/12/1922 A bomb was thrown at a car on Patrick’s Street outside Thompson’s

and a large number of civilians were injured including Ms. Katherine Fehily.

Barry Keane

Four Anti-Treaty leaders are killed by the Free State in Dublin including Cork's Dick Barrett

08/12/1922

Anti-Treaty leaders captured in the Four Courts in July, Rory O'Connor, Liam Mellows, Dick Barrett (from Ballineen, County

Cork] and Joe McKelvey are executed by the Free State in revenge for the killing of Seán Hales. This is an illegal act, as the four were

captured before the Dáil passed its emergency legislation.








Kealkil - Two Anti-Treaty fighters are killed

08/12/1922

Two Anti-Treaty fighters are killed in an action at Kealkil, Cork. To push the Anti Treaty out of the hills north of Bantry the National troops moved up along the ‘Bantry line’ and were attacked at the

village of Kealkill. George Dease and John Dwyer were killed on the Anti treaty side.




09/12/1922 James Malone was shot by armed men no reason given Barry Keane

Cloyne - One Fatality

13/12/1922 to

15/12/1922

John Travers from Cloyne, a member of the National Arm,y was shot the previous Monday and died on Wednesday. ‘He told a

priest he forgave the man who shot him’. Barry Keane

Cork City (North Mall) - One Fatality

13/12/1922 National Army Thomas Mooney died from wounds which he had

received when a National Troop lorry was fired on in Cork City. Barry Keane


15/12/1922 At Passage West James Roche was killed by National Troops when

he failed to stop Barry Keane

Fermoy - One Fatality (accidental)

15/12/1922 Volunteer Laurence Galvin was killed while cleaning his revolver in

the New Barracks, Fermoy. Barry Keane

Kinsale - Shooting - One Fatality

16/12/1922 Eric Wolfe was shot in an ambush outside Kinsale while driving

home. The Cork Examiner states that he was taken down from the pony and trap and riddled with bullets.

Barry Keane and https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Iris

h_Civil_War

Macroom (ref Mercy Hospital Cork City) - Shooting - One Fatality

16/12/1922 to

22/12/1922

National Army Jeremiah Desmond (35) was on active service around Macroom on 16 December when he was shot in the knee. He was taken to the Mercy Hospital in Cork City and although was

amputated below the knee, he died on 22 December.

Barry Keane





The final British troops leave the Free State

17/12/1922 The last British troops leave the Free State. They are the remnants

of a 5,000 strong garrison maintained up to that point in Dublin, commanded by Nevil Macready.


h_Civil_War


19/12/1922

During intermittent and often intense firing in the city centre Michael Nagle of Oliver Plunkett Street was hit in the leg while in

bed. As he got out of bed to attend to the injury he was shot in the chest and killed.

Barry Keane

Leap - One Fatality (accidental)

22/12/1922 A car accident took the life of John O'Sullivan. 'The car was being

driven by a member of the military when it struck the child' Barry Keane

Kilworth - Shooting - One Fatality

22/12/1922

Dr. Robert .S. Baylor, of Fermoy, died from wounds received when he was lured from his home by masked men. Dr. Baylor acted as a servant of the State in local Referee Courts and as solicitor for the

Troops in Fermoy area

Barry Keane

The Free State releases 300 Republican prisoners

23/12/1922 The Free State releases 300 Republican prisoners who are no

longer considered a threat to national security.


h_Civil_War

Monkstown - Shooting - One Fatality

23/12/1922 Three National Troops were cycling through Monkstown when they

were ambushed. Samuel Crawford was killed in the first volley while the two others were disarmed.

Barry Keane

Whitegate - Fatality and Injury

25/12/1922 James Byrne and another man called Walsh were walking though Whitegate when an altercation developed. Both men were shot

and James Byrne was fatally wounded. Barry Keane

Ring - Raid - One Fatality

26/12/1922 A National soldier Michael McDonald, was killed and an Irregular

badly wounded in a skirmish during a raid on a public house at Ring near Clonakilty.

Barry Keane


31/12/1922 A Cork Examiner report states: 'According to an official statement

in Cork an armed party shot dead a civilian named [Michael]

Downey at Pearson's Bridge near Bantry on December 31st'. Barry Keane

Millstreet - Anti-Treaty Attack - Three Fatalities

04/01/1923 to

05/02/1923

A column of 65 Anti-Treaty fighters from Cork and Kerry IRA units, under Tom Barry, attacks Millstreet, Cork, under cover of darkness.

They use 12 machine guns and take three National Army posts in the town, taking 39 prisoners and capturing one Lewis gun and 35

rifles. However they fail to take the main post in the Town Hall, held by 23 Free State soldiers. They withdraw after several hours –

one party to Ballyvourney in Cork and the other to the Pap mountains in Kerry. Three Free State soldiers were killed and

several more wounded. Sergeant Major Jeremiah Mahony died on the day; Henry Pomeroy died on 19 January 1923 and James Nolan

died on 4 February 1923.


h_Civil_War + http://www.corkpastandpresent.ie/history/timeline-1918-1923/1923.html +

Barry Keane


05/01/1923 Robert Finbarr Tobin ex-National Army St. Mary’s Villas Western Road shot on Courthouse Street while out walking with his wife.

Shot 8 times



Skibbereen (ref Dunmanway) - Illness - One Fatality

06/01/1923

Denis Coakley (41) from Lissane Dunmanway died in Skibbereen Barracks from asthma and bronchitis caused by continuous active service in bad weather. Coakley had taken part in a series of raids

across West Cork from early December.

Barry Keane

Balineen - Shooting - One Fatality

08/01/1923 National Army Sergeant Denis Minogue was shot and Lieutenant Cassidy was wounded in 'a fierce engagement that took place' between a small number of National troops and irregulars.

Barry Keane

Dromina - Ambush - One Fatality

19/01/1923 National Army Christopher Smith shot and killed at an ambush in

Dromina outside Charleville. Barry Keane





Castlefreake - One Fatality

20/01/1923 The Irish Independent of 22 January 1923 records: 'Details obtained

from official sources state that an irregular leader named V. Sweeney of Castlefreake was killed.

Barry Keane

Newcestown - Explosion - Three Fatalities

03/02/1923 to

22/02/1923

When National Army troops arrived in the village of Newcestown around Mass time on Sunday 3 February, they ordered some local men to clear the road of a barricade left by the anti-Treaty forces. As they did so, a trigger mine exploded and two men - Patrick Murray and Séamus O'Leary - were killed instantly. John Desmond was buried in Templemartin after his death in hospital in Cork, three weeks later [22 February].

Barry Keane

Clonakilty - Republicans kill a postmaster

03/02/1923

A Postmaster J O'Reilly, is shot dead by Republican raiders on the post office at Clonakilty, County Cork. Postmaster Darrara Post Office was found shot dead by the postman. There were several

bullet wounds on the body. His elderly mother was in the house at the time.



Cork Courthouse - Fatality

07/02/1923 A passerby, Michael Cusack, was killed in an exchange of fire after

a bomb was thrown at the courthouse in Cork Barry Keane

The Free State suspends executions

08/02/1923 The Free State suspends executions until 18 February, offering an

amnesty to anyone who surrendered before that day.


h_Civil_War

Republican officer Tom Barry proposes a truce

10/02/1923 Republican officer Tom Barry, after contacts with some former IRA comrades on the Free State side, proposes that the Anti-Treaty IRA

call a truce. Liam Lynch turns down the idea.


h_Civil_War

Lyre - Shooting - One Fatality

11/02/1923 to

15/02/1923

At Lyre halfway between Ballineen and Clonakilty ‘Spud’ Murphy and Larry Cunningham called into the local pub to warm

themselves as they travelled to visit a sick relative of Cunningham. Free State troops surrounded the building and as Cunningham

attempted to escape up the stairs he was shot. He died a few days later in the Mercy Hospital [15/02/1923]

Barry Keane





Cork City (Montenotte) - Shooting - One Fatality (accidental)

13/02/1923

Nellie Hayes (17) of Tracton Park, Montenotte, Cork was talking to National Troops with some other children when one of their rifles discharged accidentally and she was shot through the neck. She

was pronounced dead on arrival at the hospital.

Barry Keane

Cumann na mBan Members Arrested

14/02/1923

Several members of Irregular Cumann na mBan were arrested in Cork for possession of ammunition. The individuals were named as Annie MacSwiney, Winnie Sheehan, Kathleen O’Brien, Kit Donovan,

Annie O’Donovan, Eva Perry, J. Perry, M. Carey, M. Murphy, Miss Drummy, R. Barry, D. Barry, K. Murphy, N. Murray, Constance

Murphy, Madge Donovan and Kate Flynn. Annie MacSwiney began a hunger strike in protest at her detention. On the same day three

Irregulars (named Crimmins, Casey and Hegarty) were arrested (unarmed) near Rochestown.


-1918-1923/1922.html

Drimoleague (ref Cork City Mercy Hospital) - Shooting - One Fatality

16/02/1923 Lieutenant Michael Ahern [National Army] was shot in the abdomen during a firefight in Drimoleague. He was taken to the Mercy Hospital in Cork, where he died.

Barry Keane

Cork City (Albert's Quay) - Shooting - One Fatality

18/02/1923 Charles McIlgorm [Michael Gorman] was shot on Albert Quay by National Troops when he failed to stop. He was a crewman on the Carrigan Head according to the Irish Examiner.

Barry Keane

Macroom Barracks attacked by Anti-Treaty Forces - One Fatality

19/02/1923 On 19 February Macroom Barracks was attacked by Anti-Treaty Forces, with one soldier killed. [National Army David Lehane]


-1918-1923/1922.html

Cork City (Collins Barracks) - Shooting - One Fatality (accidental)

19/02/1923 National Army Quartermaster Patrick Harford of the Dublin Guard was accidentally shot on 18 February 1923 in Collins Barracks. He died the following day in the Mercy Hospital.

Barry Keane

Mallow (ref Cork City Mercy Hospital) - Explosion - One Fatality

20/02/1923 to

28/02/1923

Commandant [General] Denis Galvin was wounded by an accidental bomb explosion at Mallow of the 20th and died at the

Mercy Hospital, Cork, on the 28th. Barry Keane

Carrigtwohill - Railway Station Destroyed

24/02/1923 Carrigtwohill Railway Station was burned by armed men. The fire was started at 10pm on Saturday, 24 February. The station house was totally destroyed. The goods store and residence were saved.


-1918-1923/1922.html

Ballinageary, Co. Tipperary: Meeting of Anti-Treaty IRA Officers

26/02/1923

Meeting of Anti-Treaty IRA officers assembles at Ballinageary in County Tipperary. Officers from the First Southern Division report that, "in a short time we would not have a man left owing to the great number of arrests and casualties". Tom Crofts reports that

the Cork Brigades have suffered 29 killed and an unknown number captured in recent actions, "if five men are arrested in each area, we are finished". Nevertheless, Liam Lynch takes the opportunity

to issue a statement rejecting the possibility of a truce.


h_Civil_War

Dunmanway - Shooting - One Fatality (accidental)

05/03/1923 to

18/03/1923

National Army Peter Clune was accidentally shot in Dunmanway on 5 March 1923 - a bullter from a revolver which a comrade was holding accidentally going off and passing through his forehead

when he was lying in bed. He died in Bandon Military Hospital on 18 March.

Barry Keane

Ballyseedy Massacre: Eight Fatalities

06/03/1923

Nine Republican prisoners are taken from Ballymullen Barracks in Tralee to Ballyseedy Cross, ostensibly to clear a mined road. They

are then tied together around the landmine, which is then detonated by National army troops. One man, Stephen Fuller, is

blown clear by the blast and survives. The eight other prisoners are killed. All of the dead are from IRA Kerry no 1 Brigade. A riot breaks out in Tralee when the troops bring nine coffins back to the town.


h_Civil_War and DCHG Document

Kealkil (ref Innishannon) - Fatality

07/03/1923 According to Roll of Honour Jack O’Connor from Innishannon was

shot (murdered according to Roll of Honour) at Kealkill Barry Keane

Cork City (Patrick's Bridge) - One Fatality

10/03/1923 The military stopped Michael Hickey (from Limerick) on Patrick’s Bridge to search him. This developed into a fight and Hickey was

shot. Irish Examiner p.5 Barry Keane

Donoughmore (ref Cork City (Cork Gaol)) - Execution - One Fatality. This was the only Civil War Execution in Cork.

13/03/1923

William Healy enlisted in the Irish Volunteers, E Company, First battalion, Cork Number 1 Brigade in 1918. He took part in many of the Volunteer activities and was involved in the attacks on Blarney

Police Barracks and the attack on all City Police Barracks in Cork City in 1921. At the outbreak of the Civil War, he joined the

Republican side. Captured by Free State forces, he was court-martialled on a charge of possession of arms and was executed by

firing squad on 13 March 1923. His was the only Civil War execution in Cork.

Barry Keane

An End to Public Entertainments

13/03/1923 The Republican 'government' issues a statement announcing a

period of mourning and forbidding all public entertainments such as sporting events while executions of their men continue.


h_Civil_War

Cork-Waterford Border (Tallow) - Two Fatalities

13/03/1923 The bodies of two civilians are found near Tallow on the

Waterford/Cork border.[NAMES UNKNOWN]


h_Civil_War


19/03/1923 Sportsman William Goff Beale was shot by Republicans as a

reprisal for an execution in Cork Barry Keane

Bantry - House Raid - One Fatality

19/03/1923 Ben McCarthy (16) was taken from his home at 4am and shot as a

‘reprisal for those were executed during the week’. Barry Keane

Bandon - Shooting -

24/03/1923 to

25/03/1923

National Army Cornelius O'Driscoll was wounded on 24 March 1923 at Green Barracks, Bandon, Co. Cork and died the following

day. Barry Keane

Anti-Treaty IRA executives meet for war discussions in Co. Tipperary

24/03/1923

Anti-Treaty IRA executive meets in County Tipperary to discuss the war's future. Tom Barry proposes a motion to end the war, but it is

defeated by 6 votes to 5. Éamon de Valera is allowed to attend, after some debate, but is given no voting rights.


h_Civil_War

Ballinspittle - Attack - One Fatality

28/03/1923 The National Troop post at Ballinaspittle was attacked and National

Army volunteer Bernard O’Connor was shot dead. Barry Keane

National Army troops search for the IRA Executive in the Knockmealdown Mountains between Tipperary and Waterford

01/04/1923

National Army troops under General Prout conduct large sweeps of the Knockmealdown Mountains in south Tipperary and Waterford.

They have extracted information from Republican prisoners in Dublin that the IRA Executive is in the area. Prominent Anti-Treaty

IRA officers captured in the operation include Dan Breen, Todd Andrews, Seán Gaynor and Frank Barrett. Many other rank and file

Republicans are also taken prisoner.


h_Civil_War

Bandon - Shooting - One Fatality (accidental)

01/04/1923 Volunteer John Flynn (National Army) was killed at Bandon by

accidental discharge of a rifle. Barry Keane

Rathduff (ref Cork City (Blackrock)) - Bombing - One Fatality

03/04/1923

On the 5th of April a Military inquiry held in Cork into the death of National Army Private Michael O’Brien. O’Brien was a member of

the Railway Protection and Maintenance Corps and was a native of Rathduff. He was fatally wounded by a bomb thrown at the Military post at the Cork Blackrock and Passage Railway. A verdict of wilful

murder was returned.

Barry Keane


07/04/1923 Carrigtwohill Postman Michael Barry had been shot twice in the

head and he died subsequently according the Cork Examiner of 12 April 1922. It is believed he had been shot as a spy by the local IRA.

Barry Keane

Adrigole Ambush - One Fatality

08/04/1923 A fight at Adrigole had resulted in the death of two irregulars

[names unknown] and a girl [Margaret Dunne (26)]. Barry Keane

Bantry - One Fatality (accidental)

09/04/1923

National Army James Mahony was killed accidently at Bantry Barracks on the 9th April 1923. It was a result of a traffic accident when a motor lorry with National troops got overturned near the

deal yard along Bantry Quay.

Barry Keane

The Republican Commander in Chief, Liam Lynch, is killed by Free State troops in the Knockmealdown Mountains in Co.Tipperary

10/04/1923

Liam Lynch, Republican Commander in Chief, is killed in a skirmish with Free State troops in the Knockmealdown mountains in County

Tipperary. He and a group of republicans are caught on a hillside armed only with side-arms and Lynch is shot while attempting to

flee. Four more senior Republican officers are captured in the incident. This is part of the same sweep that had captured several other senior republicans a few days earlier. Lynch's death is often cited as the effective end of the war. Eamon De Valera and Dan

Breen were in Lynch’s company at the time, but managed to escape. It was during a respite from shooting that Lynch realised he was hit. Frank Aiken and Bill Quirke came to his aid. When they saw

he was seriously wounded they made him as comfortable as possible and left him to be captured. After being examined by a

doctor, Lynch was brought by ambulance to St. Joseph’s Hospital in Clonmel. He died there from his injuries shortly before 9pm that

day. Dramatic evidence was heard at the inquest in Clonmel on the following day. The killing of Liam Lynch came at a time when he

was unwilling to compromise on his principles for the sake of peace, while Éamon de Valera sought to end the conflict, stating

that “the phase begun in 1916 has run its course”. The last request




of Liam Lynch was to be buried alongside Michael Fitzgerald who died in Cork Gaol. General Prout of the Free State Army said this

wish would be honoured. He is buried in Kilcrumper Cemetery near Fermoy. Professor Stockley, TD, declared at his funeral that

“Ireland should be allowed to live her own life, and it was in that hope Mr. Lynch had lived and died”. Liam Lynch’s death would prove to be a major loss for the Irregulars, both militarily and

politically. He was succeeded by Frank Aiken.

Kealkil - Ambush - Two Fatalities

19/04/1923 Two Anti-Treaty fighters [Lieutenant Denis Kelly and Mr. Coughlan]

are killed in action at Kealkil, West Cork.



Frank Aiken is elected IRA Chief of Staff

20/04/1923 Frank Aiken is elected IRA Chief of Staff. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Iris

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Cork City (Patrick's Bridge) - One Fatality

21/04/1923 William Murphy, an elderly man, and a resident of Ninety-Eight Street (off Bandon Road) was fatally shot in Patrick Street, Cork

City.

barry keane and https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Iris

h_Civil_War

Cork City (Patrick's Street) - Shooting - One Fatality

23/04/1923 to

24/04/1923

April 23rd Some youths attempted to shoot a National Army Officer on Patrick's Street on Saturday night. The officer escaped but an

elderly man named William Murphy who was in the line of fire was killed

Barry Keane

Signed Proclamation to end the Civil War

27/04/1923

The civil war had been going on for ten months when, on 27th April 1923, Éamon de Valera, for the Republican Government, and Frank Aiken, for the Army, signed a proclamation ordering the cessation of offensive operations by anti-Treaty forces from 30 April onwards. De Valera put forward six points which formed the basis on which he was prepared to negotiate for peace. In summary, the six points stated that: - The sovereign rights of the nation should be indefeasible. - The Irish governmental authority, whether legislative, executive or judicial, was to be derived exclusively from the people of Ireland. - The people of Ireland should be the ones to decide on disputed questions of national expediency and policy, and the majority of adult votes on this prevails. Violence as a result of disagreement on these matters is not permitted. - No-one who subscribes to these principles of national right, order and good citizenship can be excluded from determining national policy. - Citizens of the nation have the freedom to express political and economic opinions and to assemble in public meetings, and freedom of the Press also exists. -The military forces of the nation are the servants of the nation and are compliant with the National Assembly. Frank Aiken stated that all offensive operations had to be ceased from 30th April. He also added that all units had to ensure that they and their munitions were protected adequately.


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Mallow - Shooting - One Fatality (accidental)

01/05/1923 A Soldier [National Army Michael Moynihan] was killed by the

accidental discharge of a weapon in Mallow Barracks Barry Keane

Inchigeelagh - Shooting - One Fatality (accidental)

04/05/1923 National Army John Duggan (17) from Clondrohid, on operations at Inchigeelagh, was accidentally shot by a cousin of his who was also a soldier

Barry Keane

End of the Civil War: Frank Aiken orders Anti-Treaty fighters to give up their weapons

24/05/1923

Frank Aiken orders the Anti-Treaty fighters to "dump their arms" and return home. Éamon de Valera supports the order, issuing a statement to Anti-Treaty fighters; "Further sacrifice on your part would now be in vain and the continuance of the struggle in arms

unwise in the national interest. Military victory must be allowed to rest for the moment with those who have destroyed the Republic".


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Donoughmore - Explosion - Two Fatalities (accidental)

28/06/1923 to

30/06/1923

Around 8pm on Thursday 28th June Thomas Dinan, from Gowlane, Donoughmore, was returning home with his two sons when he picked up an object. It exploded killing him instantly and his son

Jeremiah Dinan, two days later on 30 June.

Barry Keane

Dunmanway - Shooting - Fatality

17/07/1923

At Dunmanway John Jack O’Donovan was at a house with some friends and when they left they were challenged by armed men

who they did not recognise as National Troops. They decided not to halt O’Donovan was shot and killed.

Barry Keane

An Garda Síochána 08/08/1923

Following the Civil War and the truce of July 1921 the RIC disbanded and a new police force, “The Civic Guard” (renamed the

Garda Síochána na hÉireann on 8 August 1923) was formed by Michael Collins and the Irish Government. The DMP merged with

An Garda Síochána in 1925.

https://www.garda.ie/en/About-Us/Our-History/

Kealkill - Shooting - One Fatality

14/08/1923

Whilst a dance was in progress in a licensed house in Kealkill it was surrounded by troops from Bantry. Michael Coakley from York Street in Cork City was shot dead and five others, including an

officer and two soldiers of the National Army were wounded in the shooting.

Barry Keane

Eamon De Valera is arrested in Ennis

15/08/1923 Éamon de Valera arrested in Ennis, when he tried to make an

election speech. He is imprisoned for over a year at Arbour Hill Prison in Dublin.


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Cork City (Gerald Griffin Street) - One Fatality

18/08/1923

A party of armed men shot at a member of the National Army on Gerald Griffin Street and he returned fire. A second party of men opened fire from behind him and Abina Murphy St. James Square was shot in the abdomen while Miss Kathleen Deasy Spangle Hill

was shot in the throat. Abina Murphy died the following day in the North Infirmary

Barry Keane

Cork City (Kerry Pike) - One Fatality

21/08/1923

A verdict of willful murder against unknown persons was returned by a coroner’s jury in Cork on Tuesday in the case of Theobold Creber who was found shot in a field. He was an unemployed

labourer was killed by a single bullet to the heart - shot on his way home by unknown assailants.

Barry Keane

Irish General Election

27/08/1923

Voting in 1923 Irish general election takes place. Cumann na nGaedheal win 63 seats; Sinn Féin 44; Independents 16; Farmers

15; Labour 14; and Independent Labour 1. About 415,00 first preference votes were given to Pro-Treatyites and 286,000 to Anti-Treatyites. (64% of the electorate voted.) Some of the Anti-Treaty

members elected are still imprisoned. Voting in Cork city was described as quiet but heavy. Out of a total electorate of 66,700, over 43,000 men and women cast their vote. Five people were

arrested for impersonation. The candidates were: J.J. Walsh (Cumann na nGaedheal) (Outgoing); Professor Alfred O’Rahilly

(Cumann na nGaedheal); R.H. Beamish (Progessive Association); A O’Shaughnessy (Progessive Association); Mary McSwiney (Sinn

Féin) (Outgoing); Dr C. Lucey (Sinn Féin), Alderman F. Murray (Sinn Féin), T. Corcoran (Farmers’ Union), R. Day (Labour) (Outgoing), R.S. Anthony (Labour), Alderman W. Kenneally (Labour), Captain Collins

(Independent) and Sir John Scott (Independent). The quota was 7,102. J.J. Walsh was the first candidate elected (receiving 2.5

times the quota) followed by Professor O’Rahilly and R.H. Beamish. After vote transfers Mary McSwiney and A O’Shaughnessy were also elected. (Cork Examiner 31 August 1923). In East Cork, John



-1918-1923/1923.html

Daly (Labour), M.J. Hennessy (Cumann na nGaedheal) and D.R. Kent (Sinn Féin) were elected, followed by John Dineen (Farmers’ Union) and Thomas O’Mahony (Cumann na nGaedheal). In West Cork, Cornelius Connolly (Cumann na nGaedheal), John Buckley

(Sinn Féin), Timothy O’Donovan (Farmers’ Union), John Prior (Cumann na nGaedheal) and Timothy Joseph Murphy (Labour)

were elected. The overall election result was a victory for Cumann na nGaedheal, who won 63 seats and went on to form the next

government.

Irish Free State Enters League of Nations

10/09/1923

The Irish Free State was admitted to the League of Nations by a unanimous vote on 10 September. In his speech, President W.T. Cosgrave, speaking first in Irish then switching, declared to enthusiastic cheers from the delegates of other nations:“Today, with all the nations of this assembly, Ireland joins in a solemn covenant to exercise the powers of her sovereign status, in promoting the peace, security, happiness and well-being of the human race.”


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Republican prisoners in Mountjoy Prison begin a hunger strike

13/10/1923 to

23/11/1923

A mass hunger strike is launched by 424 Republican prisoners in Mountjoy Prison in Dublin in protest at their continued detention after the war's end. The strike is joined by up to 8,000 Republican prisoners in prisons and camps around the country. [The hunger

strike was called off on 23/11/1923.]


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The Oriel House CID is disbanded

29/10/1923

The Oriel House CID is disbanded and its members transferred to the Dublin Metropolitan Police. In April 1925 the DMP was

amalgamated with the Garda Síochána. CID was responsible for a number of killings of republicans during the war.


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Droumdrastil (near Dunmanway) - House Raid - One Fatality

15/11/1923 William O'Sullivan was in his house with five others when a

masked member of the I.R.A. came in carrying a rifle. William O'Sullivan was asked outside and shot.

Barry Keane

Republican prisoner Denny Barry dies in a Newbridge camp

20/11/1923 Denny Barry died on hunger strike in Newbridge Internment camp.

He was from Blackrock, Cork City and is buried in St Finbarr's Cemetery.



Mallow - Hunger Strike - Andrew Sullivan - Fatality

22/11/1923 IRA prisoner Andrew Sullivan [from Mallow] dies on hunger strike

after 40 days in Mountjoy prison in Dublin over continued internment after end of Civil War on 23 May 1923.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Irish_Civil_War and based on the work of Barry Keane

Cobh - The Irregulars attack British soldiers - One Fatality

21/03/1924

An attack on British Soldiers/Sailors and civilians at Queenstown {Cobh} is mounted by Irregulars with Armored car and firing on

HMS Scythe; 1 killed [Pt. Herbert Aspinall] and 23 wounded. The Irish Free State paid for compensation for the families of the men

killed/wounded in the attack.


h_Civil_War and https://www.irishtimes.co

m/topics/topics-7.1213540?article=true&tag_person=Herbert+Aspin

all

United States Recognition of Ireland

28/06/1924

The United States recognized the Irish Free State as a state with autonomous control over its foreign relations on June 28, 1924, when U.S. Secretary of State Charles E. Hughes informed the British Ambassador in Washington that the President would be pleased to receive a duly accredited Minister Plenipotentiary of the Irish Free State. Diplomatic relations were established on October 7, 1924, when Timothy A. Smiddy presented his credentials as Minister Plenipotentiary of the Irish Free State in Washington.

https://history.state.gov/countries/ireland

A general amnesty is declared

08/11/1924 A general amnesty is declared for acts committed during the civil

war.


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Documents

CENTENARY TIMELINE FOR THE COUNTY OF CORK (1920 1923) … · 2020. 2. 28. · CENTENARY TIMELINE FOR THE COUNTY OF CORK (1920 – 1923) – WAR OF INDEPENDENCE AND CIVIL WAR Guidance