CENTURIES OF LEADERSHIP · 2019-02-27 · J JOHN BEALE DAVIDGE 1807–1811, 1814, 1821 John Beale Davidge, a native of Annapolis, Maryland, settled in Baltimore in 1796. A founder

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Deans of the University of Maryland School of Medicine

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John Beale Davidge

Nathaniel Potter

Elisha DeButts

William Gibson

Richard Wilmot Hall

Maxwell McDowell

Granville Sharp Pattison

Nathan Ryno Smith

Samuel Baker

Eli Geddings

Robley Dunglison

Samuel George Baker

William E.A. Aikin

Samuel Chew

George Warner Miltenberger

Julian John Chisolm

Samuel Claggett Chew

Louis McLane Tiffany

Jacob Edwin Michael

Isaac Edmondson Atkinson

Robert Dorsey Coale

Charles Wellman Mitchell

Arthur M. Shipley

James M.H. Rowland

Robert Urie Patterson

H. Boyd Wylie

William Spencer Stone

John H. Moxley III

John Murray Dennis

Donald E. Wilson

E. Albert Reece

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The foundations of the fifth oldestmedical school in the country dateback to 1789, when Baltimore physi-cians organized the Medical Society ofBaltimore. The society’s mission wasto train young doctors and bring vali-dation to a profession greatly dimin-ished by the Revolutionary War. TheMedical Society of Baltimore’sfounders tutored young students inthe physician’s homes, lecturing onanatomy, surgery and chemistry.There were no stethoscopes, ther-mometers, hypodermic needles, antiseptics or anesthesia, and opera-tions were often performed usingkitchen knives.

Faced with strong citizen protestagainst anatomical dissection, thephysician-teachers petitioned theMaryland State Legislature to estab-lish a permanent college of medicine,protected by the law. In 1807, therequest was approved under a legisla-tive act entitled “An Act for Foundinga Medical College in the City orPrecincts of Baltimore for theInstruction of Students in theDifferent Branches of Medicine.”The charter incorporated the Collegeof Medicine of Maryland and grantedpermission to hold a lottery to raisemoney for a home for the fledglingschool. The medical school was re-chartered in 1812 as the University ofMaryland, and the regents were givenauthority to add the Schools of Law,Arts and Sciences and Divinity. Thus,the School of Medicine earned the

unique distinction among its peers asthe only medical school to be thefounding school of a university system.

From the beginning, there has been astrong emphasis on bedside teaching.The first class of students receivedclinical instruction at the BaltimoreAlmshouse, a workhouse and infir-mary for the poor. Dr. John BealeDavidge, a native Marylander and aphysician trained in Scotland, becamethe first dean and took the chair insurgery. Dr. James Cocke held thechair in anatomy and physiology; Mr.James Shaw, the chair in chemistry;and Dr. Nathaniel Potter, the chair oftheory and practice of medicine.Davidge, Shaw and Cocke purchasedland for the school from John EagerHoward, a Revolutionary War heroand former Maryland governor.

In 1810, the School of Medicine graduated its first class, awarding thedegree of Doctor of Medicine. Shortlythereafter, Dr. John Crawford, the firstman to vaccinate Baltimoreans againstsmallpox, donated his personal libraryto the School, creating the nucleus of the first medical college library in America.

In 1812, with money raised by thefaculty, Davidge Hall was erected atLombard and Greene streets where,according to legend, it afforded viewsof the bombardment of FortMcHenry during the War of 1812.

The oldest medical school building inNorth America still in use for medicaleducation, Davidge Hall houses twoexpansive circular amphitheaters, oneatop the other, with no visible meansof support for the upper hall, whichwas an engineering marvel in the early1800s. Dissecting cubbyholes, secretstairways, and hidden exits affordedstudents and their professors safe pas-sage from the angry mobs thatopposed the use of cadavers as teach-ing tools. Davidge Hall was designateda state historical site by the MarylandHistorical Society in 1970, andentered on the National Register ofHistoric Sites in 1974. Following acomplete renovation in the early1980s, Davidge Hall was designated aNational Historic Landmark by theUS Department of the Interior.Today, its presence stands as a symbol-ic reminder of American medical education at the beginning of the 19th century.

In 1823, Maryland became the firstmedical school in the country to buildits own teaching hospital for clinicalinstruction, which housed the site ofthe first intramural residency program.Patients were admitted for a weeklyfee of $3. The infirmary was augment-ed in 1897 with the opening of theUniversity Hospital which, nearly acentury later, would become a private,not-for-profit corporation known as the University of Maryland Medical System.

This book, presented with pride in the past and confidence in the future,

honors the historic milestones in leadership of the University of Maryland

School of Medicine over the past two centuries. During the deans’ tenures

innumerable accomplishments and medical “firsts” were achieved. Each

dean has made his own profound impression on the School, as well as the

city and state the institution has served for nearly two hundred years.

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The School introduced the first pre-ventive medicine course in 1833. A lit-tle more than 10 years later, Dr. DavidStewart, the first professor of pharmacyin America, began lecturing at theUniversity. In 1848, recognizing thevalue of the basic sciences in theundergraduate curriculum, Marylandbecame the first school to requireanatomical dissection and provided thefirst advocacy of biopsy and micro-scopic diagnosis of malignancy. TheSchool also pioneered the teaching ofthe diseases of women as a separatesubject from obstetrics, established thefirst clinic for the diseases of children,and initiated early teaching activities inboth of these medical specialties.Maryland was also the first school toestablish a teaching position for dis-eases of the eye and ear.

Alumni were very proud of their med-ical school and were eager to supportit. They organized the Medical AlumniAssociation of the University ofMaryland in 1875, which is today theoldest independent medical alumniassociation in the United States. Theirquarterly magazine – Bulletin – is theoldest medical alumni publication in America.

It was not until 1899 that the three-yearmedical program, at a total fee of $305,became mandatory for medical stu-dents. The first female medical student,Teresa Ora Snaith, graduated from theSchool of Medicine in 1923, and, in1951, Donald Stewart and RoderickCharles enrolled as the School’s firstAfrican-American students.

There was tremendous growth nation-ally in medical school facilities duringthe second half of the 20th century,and the University of Maryland wasno exception. In 1960, the Schoolrelocated most of its programs to thesix-story Howard Hall, initiating aseries of renovations and new buildingconstruction that would span nearlythree decades. Following the construc-tion of the new Bressler ResearchBuilding and the Medical SchoolTeaching Facility in the late 1970s,the School established the Universityof Maryland Cancer Center, now theUniversity of Maryland GreenebaumCancer Center, in 1982. A few yearslater the state-of-the-art R AdamsCowley Shock Trauma Center wasopened. The early ‘90s marked theaddition of the Allied HealthBuilding, the Biomedical ResearchFacility, the Homer Gudelsky Towerand Health Sciences Facility I. Inorder to consolidate the hospital’semergency medical services and tomodernize its surgical services, theSchool initiated a massive develop-ment effort in the latter half of thedecade. In 1996, the University ofMaryland Biotechnology Instituteopened, followed by the HealthSciences and Human Services Libraryin 1998, and Health Sciences FacilityII, a world-class state-of-the-art bio-medical research facility in 2002.

Throughout its illustrious history, theSchool of Medicine’s curriculum hasremained at the forefront of Americanmedical education. In 1994, the cur-riculum was revised significantly toprovide students with broad exposure

to medicine by emphasizing a prob-lem-based approach to medical educa-tion. Curriculum reform includedreplacing microscopes with laptopcomputers, reducing the number oflectures, increasing the number ofsmall group discussions, adding moreambulatory education, and increasingclinical relevance of the basic sciences.An orientation for new faculty wasbegun in 1995, and a symbolic WhiteCoat Ceremony for freshmen medicalstudents was initiated in 1997.

Today, the University of MarylandSchool of Medicine is a comprehen-sive academic health center with 23departments, six programs and fourorganized research centers that com-bine medical education, biomedicalresearch, patient care and communityservice. Together, the School ofMedicine and University of MarylandMedical System educate and trainmore than half of Maryland’s practic-ing physicians and allied health careprofessionals. As the medical school’sreputation continues to expand intothe new century, its rich history ofexcellence and leadership in medicaleducation remains constant.

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John Beale Davidge, a native ofAnnapolis, Maryland, settled inBaltimore in 1796. A founder of theCollege of Medicine of Maryland,later known as the School ofMedicine, he became the School’sfirst dean in 1807. Davidge receivedhis MD degree from the Universityof Glasgow in Scotland.

The first American physician to pub-lish his opinion that yellow fever wasnot contagious, Davidge earned aplace of prominence in history formany other medical firsts. He wasthe first surgeon in the country to tiethe gluteal artery for the cure ofaneurysm, and was also the develop-er of the American Plan ofAmputation. In 1823, he performedthe world’s first extirpation of theparotid gland. Davidge performedother important operations, includ-ing the ligature of the carotid arteryfor fungus of the antrum.

In addition to his advanced surgicalskill, Davidge was renowned as a lec-turer and teacher. In 1802, five yearsbefore the formal establishment ofthe medical school, Davidge beganoffering lectures in obstetrics andchirurgical sciences on East FayetteStreet. In 1807, at his own expense,Davidge erected an anatomical the-atre on Liberty and Saratoga streets.This was later demolished by anangry mob protesting the dissectionof human cadavers. Davidge and hiscolleagues were forced to stop teach-ing until their application to theMaryland Legislature for the privilege of establishing a college ofmedicine was enacted in 1807.John Davidge was a member of theSchool of Medicine faculty until hisdeath in 1829 at age 61. Many stu-dents considered him the “father ofthe University.” A bronze bust ofDavidge is displayed in the hall thatbears his name.

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John Beale Davidge

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Nathaniel Potter, a native of Easton,Maryland, was born in 1770. He wasthe son of Zabdiel Potter, a surgeonin the Continental Army during theRevolutionary War.

Potter received his medical degreefrom the University of Pennsylvaniain 1796, where his mentor andnoted physician, Dr. Benjamin Rush,taught. (Rush was also a signer of theDeclaration of Independence.)Potter began practicing in Baltimore,and became one of the founders ofthe School of Medicine. In 1807, hebecame the School’s first chair oftheory and practice, a post he heldfor nearly 40 years until his death.A distinguished lecturer and physi-cian, Potter’s favorite classroomquote was “I’m damned, gentlemen,if it ain’t so.”

Potter served as president of theBaltimore Medical Society and theMedical Society of Maryland, and asboth secretary and orator of theMedical and Chirurgical Faculty. A prolific contributor to medical literature, he was perhaps most wellknown for his thesis, Arsenic.

A steadfast supporter of the School ofMedicine, Potter, like his colleagues,contributed much of his personalwealth to help maintain the institu-tion. When he died in 1843, after 35years of teaching and conducting alarge medical practice, Potter’s finan-cial estate was dismal, leaving nomoney for a funeral or grave marker.Contributions from his family andcolleagues funded a funeral service,but 150 years passed before a mark-er was placed at his grave.

Nathaniel Potter’s portrait hangs inDavidge Hall. The family homestead,Potter’s Landing, still stands nearDenton, Maryland.

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Nathaniel Potter

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An accomplished musician, artistand poet, DeButts was also an elo-quent speaker. His ability to makeeven the driest subject matter inter-esting to an audience attracted largecrowds wherever he spoke. On amission to purchase chemical equipment for the school, DeButtstraveled to Europe, where he lectured before the Royal Institutionof London.

Elisha DeButts died of pneumoniain 1831.

Born in Dublin, Ireland in 1773,Elisha DeButts immigrated with hisfamily to America when he was ayoung boy. He began studying medi-cine with his uncle, Dr. SamuelDeButts, and ultimately enrolled atthe University of Pennsylvania,where he received his formal medical training.

DeButts is credited with much of theSchool of Medicine’s rapid growthand prosperity during his tenure asdean. Considered one of the mostbrilliant chemists of his day, DeButtswas equally knowledgeable aboutprogressive improvements and dis-coveries in the field. Students andfellow faculty maintained thatDeButts’ abilities were unsurpassedby his contemporaries.


Elisha DeBUtts

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William Gibson was born inBaltimore in 1788. He was educatedat St. John’s College and PrincetonUniversity, and spent a short time atthe medical school of the Universityof Pennsylvania, where he later heldthe chair of surgery. Gibson earnedan MD degree from the Universityof Edinburgh in 1809, and studiedwith Sir Charles Bell in Londonbefore returning to Baltimore.

Gibson was elected chair of surgeryat Maryland in 1812. Later thatsummer, he performed the first liga-tion of the common iliac arteryupon a man who was shot in theabdomen during the political riots inBaltimore. In 1819, Gibson acceptedthe chair of surgery at the Universityof Pennsylvania, where he remaineduntil 1855. In his later years,Gibson received an honorary LLD degree from the University of Edinburgh.

Gibson was the first surgeon in theUnited States to divide the recti mus-cles of the eye for the correction ofstrabismus. He was also the first toperform a second-Caesarian opera-tion on the same patient. His mostnoted work was Surgery, which wentthrough approximately nine editions.

Gibson was an all-around man, anaccomplished surgeon, scholar,sportsman, artist, musician, travelerand writer. He was also an avid fish-erman, botanist, and a distinguishedornithologist. Even in the final yearof his life, at the age of 80, Gibsoncontinued to work in his taxidermyshop, stuffing birds skillfully andplaying several musical instruments.When he died, his journals filled 150 volumes.


William Gibson

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In his role as secretary of the regents,a position he held for several years,Hall was typically selected to travelto Annapolis to represent theUniversity’s interests in the legisla-ture. He also served as chair of theoretical surgery and as secretaryand orator of the Medical andChirurgical Faculty.

Despite his popularity among stu-dents, Hall was impeached in 1843at a trial held by the Medical andChirurgical Faculty. Hall defendedhimself vigorously against facultydetractors who considered himincompetent and was subsequentlyacquitted by the regents, retaininghis faculty position until his death.In addition to a number of shorterarticles mentioned in Quinan’sAnnals, Richard Hall authored atwo-volume translation of BaronLarrey’s Memoirs of Military Surgery.He died in 1847 at age 62.

Born in Harford County, Maryland,in 1785, Richard Wilmot Hall wasthe son of Dr. Jacob Hall, aRevolutionary War surgeon. Hereceived his MD degree from theUniversity of Pennsylvania in 1806,and settled in Baltimore in 1811.The following year he was appointedadjunct professor of obstetrics at theSchool of Medicine.

Twice the dean of the School ofMedicine, Hall played an active rolein the affairs of the University. In1837, during his second tenure asdean, the trustees of the School ofMedicine seized control of theSchool from the University regents.They maintained control for 18months until the State Court ofAppeals declared the seizure uncon-stitutional. During that period, theTrustees School, as it was then called,remained at Lombard and Greenestreets, and the Faculty of Medicineopened a Regents School in the former Indian Queen Hotel.


Richard WilmotHall

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N o r e n d e r i n g a v a i l a b l e

Maxwell McDowell, a Pennsylvanianative, was born in 1771. He waseducated at Dickinson College inCarlisle, Pennsylvania, where heearned an AM degree in 1792. Hefirst practiced in York and then set-tled in Baltimore as attending physi-cian to the Baltimore GeneralDispensary. McDowell was professorof the Institutes of Medicine at theSchool of Medicine from 1814 until1833, and in 1818 received an hon-orary MD degree from theUniversity of Maryland.

From the earliest years of theUniversity, it had been customary totake only four classes – anatomy, sur-gery, chemistry and practice – duringthe first year of study. As dean,McDowell affected a change in theregulations, requiring students totake all classes for both years. Thisrequirement remained in force untilthe graded course was adopted.

Maxwell McDowell wrote Treatmentof Burns by Cold Water and ThePathology of Diabetes Mellitus. Hedied in 1847 at age 76.


Maxwell McDowell

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After leaving Maryland, Pattison traveled abroad to fill the chair ofanatomy at London University. Hereturned to America in 1832 to serveas professor of anatomy at JeffersonMedical College and later joined infounding the medical department ofthe University of New York.

A pioneering surgeon, Pattison wasregarded by some as a controversialfigure in American medicine. Hebecame embroiled in a public argu-ment with Dr. Nathaniel Chapmanover the former’s appointment to thechair in anatomy at the University ofPennsylvania. This culminated in a duel between Pattison andChapman’s brother-in-law, GeneralThomas Cadwalader. Pattisonescaped without injury whileCadwalader’s wound permanentlydisabled his right arm.

Granville Pattison authored TheRegister and Library of Medical andChirurgical Science and edited twoeditions of Burns’ Surgical Anatomy ofthe Arteries of the Head and Neck,Masse’s Anatomical Atlas andCruveilhier’s Anatomy. He received anhonorary degree late in his life anddied in 1851.

Granville Sharp Pattison was bornnear Glasgow, Scotland, in 1791,and was educated at the privateschool of Dr. Allan Burns. In 1812,he was appointed professor of anato-my, physiology and surgery at theAndersonian Institution in Glasgow.In 1818, he immigrated to Americaand opened an anatomical school inPhiladelphia. Pattison accepted thechair of surgery at the University ofMaryland in 1820, and became deanthe following year.

Considered one of the ablest surgicalanatomy teachers of the time,Pattison was known for passingalong his enthusiasm for his work tohis pupils. A handsome man, he wasadmired by students and townspeo-ple alike. He infused new life into aUniversity that, on his arrival, wasburdened with debt and an unfin-ished building badly in need ofrepair. The School’s resources wereenhanced significantly when it pur-chased a large anatomical collectionbequeathed to Pattison by his men-tor, Dr. Burns. The Legislatureadvanced a $30,000 loan to buildPractice Hall, a small annex next toDavidge Hall, to accommodate anddisplay the collection.


Granville Sharp Pattison

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Nathan Ryno Smith, born inCornish, New Hampshire in 1797,was tutored in Virginia and earnedhis MD degree from Yale in 1823.He was the son of Dr. NathanSmith, a distinguished surgeon andfounder of Dartmouth and YaleCollege Medical Schools. Theyounger Smith founded the medicaldepartment at the University ofVermont, where he was also profes-sor of surgery and anatomy. He alsotaught at Jefferson Medical College.

A leading surgeon of his era, Smithaccepted the chair of surgery at theUniversity of Maryland in 1827,commencing an eventful, 50-yearcareer in Baltimore. Considered abold and skillful operator, Smith wasknown to his students as “TheEmperor.” His removal of a goiterfrom a patient was the first proce-dure of its kind in Maryland andonly the second thyroidectomy inthe country. He was also the firstsurgeon to resect the parotid glandfor a neoplasm.

Smith was widely recognized as theinventor of the anterior splint forfractures of the lower extremities.The device was perfected in 1860and adapted for general use inAmerica and abroad. A valuable toolfor the treatment of compound frac-tures, the splint was used extensivelyduring the Civil War. Smith himselfregarded the invention as his mostimportant contribution to medicine.

Held in high esteem by his contem-poraries, Smith was lauded in Gross’A Century of American Surgery as“one of the greatest surgeons Americahas produced.” Founder of thePhiladelphia Monthly Journal ofMedicine and Surgery, later namedthe American Journal of the MedicalSciences, Smith was a prolific writerand contributor to medical literature.

Nathan Smith died in 1877. His portrait hangs in Davidge Hall.

Nathan Ryno Smith


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Samuel Baker was an amiable andexcellent physician who devoted hisprofessional life to the advancementof the medical school. Two of hissons, William N. Baker and SamuelGeorge Baker, also served as profes-sors at Maryland. The elder Bakerdied of heart disease in 1835, onlysix years before the untimely deathsof his sons.

Born in Baltimore in 1785, SamuelBaker studied at Washington Collegein Chestertown. He graduated with a degree in medicine from theUniversity of Pennsylvania in 1808.The following year, he was elected tothe University of Maryland’s Chairof Materia Medica.

Baker served as president of theBaltimore Medical Society and itssuccessor, the Medical Society ofBaltimore, and was secretary of theMedical and Chirurgical Faculty.During his tenure as chairman of theboard of directors of the Library ofthe Medical and Chirurgical Faculty,he started the library’s valuable col-lection with a $500 appropriation.He continued to preside over theBoard and to take great interest inthe library throughout his lifetime.


Samuel Baker

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Born in South Carolina in 1799, EliGeddings began the study of medi-cine in 1818, and attended his firstformal lectures at the University ofPennsylvania two years later.Geddings was one of the first gradu-ates of the Medical College of SouthCarolina, where he received his MDdegree in 1825. Following furtherstudy in London and Paris, he cameto Baltimore.

Geddings was considered an intelli-gent man, a learned teacher and aformidable writer. Lauded by hiscolleagues for his brilliance and skill,Geddings’ election as chair of anato-my and physiology at Maryland wasunanimous. Fluent in 14 languages,he served as editor of the BaltimoreMedical Journal and founded theBaltimore Medical and SurgicalJournal and Review, a quarterly pub-lication, which later became theNorth American Archives of Medicaland Surgical Science. Geddings wasalso a frequent contributor to theAmerican Encyclopedia of PracticalMedicine and Surgery.

Despite offers of professorships atmany other medical colleges,Geddings returned to the MedicalCollege of South Carolina inCharleston, where a chair of patho-logical anatomy and medicaljurisprudence had been created forhim. When medical courses weresuspended during the Civil War,Geddings was appointed a surgeonin the Confederate Army. His entirelibrary, considered one of the finestprivate collections in the country,had been sent to Columbia for safe-keeping and was destroyed whenGeneral Sherman burned the city.

Following the war, Eli Geddings wasinstrumental in the revival of themedical college and assumed thechair of surgery. He died in 1878.


Eli Geddings

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One of the country’s most prolificmedical writers, Dunglison pub-lished numerous volumes and con-tributed largely to periodical litera-ture. His best-known work wasMedical Dictionary, which wentthrough more than 20 editions.Others included Dictionary for theBlind, Elements of Hygiene and Roget’sPhysiology. By 1858, sales of his cele-brated principal books were reputedto have exceeded 100,000 volumes.

Described as “a beacon of light in theworld of medical literature,” RobleyDunglison died in 1869. The Schoolof Medicine commemorates his contributions each year at com-mencement by conferring upon agraduating student the RobleyDunglison Award for Excellence inPreventive Medicine.

Robley Dunglison was born inEngland in 1798. He studied medi-cine at the Universities of Edinburghand Paris, and was a Licentiate of theRoyal College of Surgeons andApothecaries in London. In 1824,Dunglison received his MD degreefrom the University of Erlangen inGermany and, a year later, an hon-orary MD degree from Yale. In1825, he founded the University ofVirginia School of Medicine, wherehe was faculty chair and professor ofanatomy, physiology, materia med-ica, pharmacy and histology. Later,he was made professor of theInstitutes of Medicine and dean ofthe faculty at Jefferson MedicalCollege in Philadelphia. He receivedthe degree of LLD from Yale andfrom Jefferson College inCanonsburg, Pennsylvania.

At the University of Maryland,Dunglison was professor of materiamedica and therapeutics, hygieneand medical jurisprudence from1833 to 1836, and dean of the facul-ty from 1834 to 1835. He placedmuch emphasis on the teaching ofhygiene or preventive medicine, andpublished the first American text-book on the subject. Dunglison wasphysician to four presidents —Jefferson, Madison, Monroe and Jackson.


Robley Dunglison

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Samuel George Baker, born inBaltimore in 1814, was a son ofSamuel Baker, dean of the facultyfrom 1829 to 1830. Like his father,Samuel G. Baker was elected to thechair of materia medica. At 22, hewas the youngest professor theUniversity had ever had. Bakerreceived his BA degree from Yale in1832 and his MD degree from theSchool of Medicine in 1835.

Baker and his brother, William, whowas also on the faculty, were hand-some, talented and popular youngmen. Their so-called “habits of dissi-pation” shortened both of theirpromising careers. Just a few monthsseparated their untimely deaths in1841 — George at age 27 andWilliam at age 30. At the time of his death, George Baker was editor of the Maryland Medical and Surgical Journal.


Samuel George Baker

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Aikin’s knowledge of his professionwas extensive and exact. With a six-foot frame and a flowing whitebeard, he had a commanding presence. He was a devout Catholicwho married twice and fathered 28 children.

In addition to his post as professor ofchemistry, Aikin was professor ofnatural philosophy in the School ofArts and Sciences, a lecturer at theMaryland Institute and city inspectorof gas and illuminating oils. He con-tributed articles on chemical, geolog-ical, botanical and mineralogical sub-jects to numerous journals, and wasauthor of a valuable list of plantsfound around Baltimore.

William Aikin died in 1888.

William E.A. Aikin was born inNew York in 1807. Educated atRenssalaer Institute and a Licentiateof the New York State MedicalSociety, Aikin received an honoraryMD degree from the VermontAcademy of Medicine and an honorary LLD degree fromGeorgetown University.

Aikin’s career as a practitioner ofmedicine was brief, as he preferredscience to the “drudgery” of countrypractice. Shortly after moving toMaryland in 1832, Aikin joined thechemistry faculty at the School ofMedicine. To equip the chemistrylaboratory for the Regents School,Aikin was authorized to purchasechemical apparatus on the credit ofthe faculty.


William E.A. A

ikin

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Samuel Chew was born in 1806 in Calvert County, Maryland.Educated at Charlotte Hall in St.Mary’s City and at PrincetonCollege, Chew studied medicine inBaltimore under Dr. WilliamDonaldson, a prominent physician.He entered the School of Medicinein 1826 and, in 1829, received hisMD degree.

In 1840, Chew co-founded the Eyeand Ear Institute. He was electedprofessor of therapeutics, materiamedica and hygiene at the School ofMedicine the following year, andlater named chair of principles andpractice of medicine, a post he helduntil his death. Chew also served as librarian, vice president and treasurer of the Medical andChirurgical Faculty.

Samuel Chew was a man of statureand scholarly achievements. One ofhis best-known writings was an ora-tion delivered at the formal openingof the Medical and ChirurgicalFaculty Hall. His most ambitiouswork, entitled Lectures on MedicalEducation, was left unfinished at hisdeath but later completed by his son.Chew stood in the front ranks of hisprofession and was greatly respectedfor his charity and integrity of char-acter. He practiced medicine for 38years and died on Christmas Day1863, at age 57.


Samuel Chew

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Notorious for his dedication towork, Miltenberger did not partici-pate in social pleasures, church serv-ices or holidays, in order to live onlyfor the good of his patients and histeaching. He resigned in 1891, andwas made professor emeritus andhonorary president of the faculty,having completed half a century ofservice to the School of Medicine.Miltenberger played an instrumentalrole in the founding of the School’sMedical Alumni Association.

George Miltenberger’s writings werepublished in the Maryland MedicalJournal and in the Transactions of theMedical and Chirurgical Faculty ofMaryland. He died in 1905.

George Warner Miltenberger, son ofGen. Anthony Felix W. Miltenberger,was born in Baltimore in 1819. He was educated at the BoisseauAcademy and the University ofVirginia, and earned his MD degreeat the University of Maryland in 1840.

As a student, Miltenberger hadattracted the attention of the facultyand, upon his graduation, was select-ed as demonstrator of anatomy.Miltenberger taught almost everysubject and provided students broadfoundations in the various branchesof medicine. He was elected professorof materia medica and pathologicalanatomy in 1852, and was dean ofthe faculty for 14 years. In 1858, hewas named chair of obstetrics, wherehe gained preeminence as a teacherand practitioner.

Miltenberger was president of the Baltimore Obstetrical andGynecological Society, president ofthe Medical and Chirurgical Facultyand chairman of its Library andExamination Committees. With theopening of the Johns HopkinsHospital in 1889, Miltenberger wasnamed a consulting physician.


George Warner Miltenberger

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Julian John Chisolm was born inCharleston, South Carolina, in1830. He earned his MD degreefrom the Medical College of SouthCarolina in 1850, and studied inLondon and Paris. He was professorof surgery at the Medical College ofSouth Carolina from 1858 to 1868,and received his first medicalappointment in South Carolina during the Civil War.

Chisolm moved to Baltimore in1868, became professor of militaryand operative surgery at the Schoolof Medicine, and served as dean offaculty from 1869 to 1874. He wasappointed professor of operative sur-gery and clinical professor of diseasesof the eye and ear at the School ofMedicine from 1872 to 1899, andlater named emeritus professor.

Chisolm served as president of nearlyevery national and international oph-thalmological society of his day. Hewas founder and chief surgeon of thePresbyterian Eye, Ear and ThroatHospital in Baltimore, served aschairman of the ophthalmologicalsection of the International MedicalCongress and was president of theBaltimore Academy of Medicine.The author of several editions of theManual of Military Surgery, Chisolmis credited with performing the first outpatient surgery for cataractsin America.

Julian Chisolm was considered aleader among the third generation of medical school professors, and iscredited with helping to guideAmerican medicine toward specialization. He died in 1903.


Julian John Chisolm

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Chew served the Medical AlumniAssociation and the Medical andChirurgical Faculty of Maryland invarious capacities. He was also presi-dent of the board of trustees of thePeabody Institute, a consultingphysician to the Johns HopkinsHospital, and one of the authors ofPepper’s System of Medicine.

Samuel Chew died in 1915.

Born in Baltimore in 1837, SamuelClagget Chew was the son of Dr.Samuel Chew, dean of the faculty atthe School of Medicine from 1842to 1844.

In many respects, Chew’s profession-al life paralleled that of his father.He earned AB and AM degrees atPrinceton in 1856 and 1859, andstudied medicine under the directionof his father. Chew was awarded amedical degree from the Universityof Maryland in 1858, and, like hisfather, was elected professor of mate-ria medica and practice. He was deanof the faculty from 1874 to 1879.

Chew was a member of the Board ofRegents, and for more than 40 yearswas a member of the Faculty ofPhysic. Chew played a prominentrole in both the material and educa-tional life of the University, and wasknown as a leading influence onSchool policy. He lived to be one ofthe oldest medical practitioners inBaltimore, and one of the more dis-tinguished men of his profession.


Samuel ClaggettChew

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Louis McLane Tiffany was born inBaltimore in 1844. He received aBA degree from the University ofCambridge, England, in 1866, andyears later, a MA degree from thesame institution. Tiffany entered theSchool of Medicine in 1866, andreceived his MD degree in 1868.

A resident physician at the BaltimoreAlmshouse, Tiffany served in variouscapacities at the School of Medicine.He was demonstrator in anatomy,professor of operative surgery, profes-sor of surgery and dean of the facul-ty from 1879 to 1886. During hisdemonstratorship, he also served aschair of anatomy for the MarylandDental College. Tiffany held manyleadership positions in the medicalcommunity, including president ofthe Baltimore Medical Association,president of the Clinical Society ofMaryland, vice president and presi-dent of the Medical and ChirurgicalFaculty and surgeon-in-chief for theBaltimore and Ohio Railroad.

A skillful and innovative surgeonwhose studious, patient and conser-vative nature was balanced by hisbold and self-confident approach,Tiffany made important contribu-tions to surgery of the kidney and

maxilla. In 1878, he performed atemporary depression of each maxillafor angiosarcoma of both nares, pre-ceded by tracheotomy, a procedurelauded as “the most difficult andheroic operation recorded in theannals of surgery.” This accomplish-ment attracted national attention and,a short time later, Tiffany reported thefirst successful nephrolithotomy inAmerica. He was also the first sur-geon to use a pearl button to anchorstay sutures after abdominal surgery.Tiffany served as president of theAmerican Surgical Association and the Southern Surgical andGynecological Association. An avidsportsman who enjoyed hunting and fishing, he was also an accom-plished athlete.

Louis Tiffany died in Virginia in 1916.


Louis McLane Tiffany

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In addition to serving as editor of theMaryland Medical Journal, Michaelheld various leadership positions inthe local medical community. Hewas president of the Clinical Societyand the Baltimore MedicalAssociation, vice president and president of the Medical andChirurgical Faculty and president of the Medical Alumni Association.

Jacob Michael died at age 47 after a two-year struggle with Bright’s disease.

Jacob Edwin Michael was born inHarford County, Maryland, in 1848.He was educated at St. Timothy’sHall in Catonsville, Maryland, andthe Newark Academy in Delaware.Michael received an AB degree fromPrinceton in 1871, and an MDdegree from the University ofMaryland in 1873. A man ofHerculean stature and strength,Michael was a distinguished athleteduring his years at Princeton.

Michael joined the University ofMaryland faculty in 1874, and wasdemonstrator of anatomy for thenext six years. He was professor ofanatomy and obstetrics, and dean ofthe faculty from 1886 to 1890 and1893 to 1896. In 1884, he wasappointed professor of genitourinaryand rectal surgery at BaltimorePolyclinic. A skillful surgeon and apopular teacher, Michael was notedfor his ready command of language.While firm in his opinions, he wasconsidered liberal and tolerant.


Jacob Edwin Michael

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Isaac Edmondson Atkinson was bornin Baltimore in 1846. He was edu-cated at the University of MarylandSchool of Arts and Sciences, andreceived an MD degree in 1865 from the School of Medicine.

Atkinson was a vaccine physicianwho, during the prevalence of small-pox in Baltimore, was made superin-tendent of vaccination. Atkinson wasclinical professor of dermatology atMaryland from 1879 to 1881, pro-fessor of pathology from 1881 to1886, professor of materia medicaand therapeutics from 1886 to 1900and emeritus professor. He was deanof the faculty from 1890 to 1893.

Atkinson, who had a large consult-ing practice, was highly regarded forhis medical learning, diagnostic pow-ers and excellent judgment. His pri-mary focus was on general medicine,although he was also interested insyphilis and diseases of the skin.

Atkinson was author of a section inPepper’s System of Medicine, andwrote many articles that appeared inthe journals with which he wasallied. A consulting physician at theJohns Hopkins Hospital and a mem-ber of the Lunacy Commission ofMaryland, Atkinson was also presi-dent of the Clinical Society ofMaryland, vice president and presi-dent of the Medical and ChirurgicalFaculty and president of theAmerican Dermatological Society.

Isaac Atkinson died of pneumonia in 1906.

1 8 9 0 22 C E N T U R I E S O F L E A D E R S H I PIsaac Edmondson A

tkinson

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an individual of unswerving integrity,Coale was, to a large extent, the bal-ance wheel of the faculty. Althoughkindly and generous to a fault, hewas a man of few words, a traitmany mistook for coldness. Reticentabout his own affairs, Coale per-formed many acts of kindness andcharity anonymously.

A military man as well as a scientist,Robert Coale was frequentlyaddressed as Colonel Coale. Heserved as a colonel in the 5thMaryland US Volunteers during theSpanish-American War. When hedied at his desk, a handful of duebills were found in his safe formoney he had loaned to studentswho were in need. It was said thatthe students had lost their greatestfriend and most ardent champion.

Born in Baltimore in 1857, RobertDorsey Coale was the great-grandsonof Dr. Samuel Stringer Coale, aprominent figure in early Baltimoremedical circles. His maternal grand-father, Dr. Robert Edward Dorsey,also a reputable physician, was an1819 graduate of the University of Maryland who had served as professor of materia medica in theTrustees Faculty.

Coale graduated from thePennsylvania Military Academy in1875, and earned a PhD degreefrom the Johns Hopkins Universityin 1882. He applied for a stu-dentship at Johns Hopkins in 1876,and enjoyed the distinction of havingbeen the very first matriculantaccepted at that institution.

Coale was professor of toxicologyand chemistry and served as dean fortwo terms, serving the university fora total of 18 years. An executive ofsound, conservative judgment, and


RobertDorsey Coale

AC

Charles Wellman Mitchell

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Charles Wellman Mitchell was bornin Baltimore in 1859. He earned aBA degree at Princeton in 1879, andlater, an AM degree at the sameinstitution. Mitchell received hisMD degree and Examination Medal from the School of Medicinein 1881.

A lecturer in pathology at Maryland,and professor of the diseases of children at the Women’s MedicalCollege, Mitchell’s interest in pathol-ogy was stimulated by his study inVienna, where a new basis for med-ical thinking was being taught. Hisexpertise in pathogenesis attractedthe best students to the School ofMedicine. Mitchell became professorof clinical medicine at the School ofMedicine in 1893, and professor ofmateria medica in 1896. He waselected professor of the diseases ofchildren in 1897, and served as deanof the faculty from 1897 to 1900.Mitchell was president of theMaryland Medical Society and a visiting physician at the UnionProtestant Infirmary.

In 1899, during Mitchell’s deanship,the four-year course of medicalinstruction was implemented. Atthat time the faculty also decidedthat baseball and football clubswould be helpful in giving the students needed outdoor exercise.The organized athletic clubs wereshort-lived, however, since studentscould not find time for practice.

When Charles Mitchell died in1917, he was remembered as anexcellent teacher who instinctivelyunderstood his students.

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Shipley saw the department of surgery through difficult times following his appointment as chief in 1920. Development of surgicalspecialties was in its infancy atMaryland, compared to other lead-ing medical schools. Hampered byold and ill-equipped laboratoryspace, an outdated hospital and minimal support from the state,Shipley established sub-departmentsof neurosurgery, genitourinary surgery, orthopaedics, chest surgeryand vascular and plastic surgery.

Arthur Shipley ranks among the outstanding leaders of the medicalschool who have maintained thehighest traditions of the institution.He was a member of the SouthernMedical Society, Medical andChirurgical Faculty of Maryland,American College of Surgeons,American Surgical Association and the Eclat Club.

Shipley died in 1955.

Arthur M. Shipley was a native ofAnne Arundel County and a mem-ber of one of Maryland’s early colonial families. Both his maternaland paternal forefathers had settledin Maryland in the 1660s. Shipleyattended the Friends School inBaltimore and, in 1902, graduatedfrom the School of Medicine as theHonor Man of his class. His intern-ship and residency at UniversityHospital were followed by a four-year term as superintendent there.In 1921, Shipley received an hon-orary Doctor of Science degree fromSt. Johns College in Annapolis.

Shipley served in World War I ascommanding officer and surgeon ofEvacuation Hospital #8 in France,and earned several military awards,including the Distinguished ServiceMedal. He served again in WorldWar II. Upon his return to theSchool of Medicine, Shipley wasappointed to the professorship ofsurgery. He taught for 46 years at themedical school, held the chair of sur-gery for 28 years, and served twoyears as acting dean.

Shipley was a pioneer in many surgical fields and is credited withdemonstrating that surgery could bepreformed on the heart and peri-cardium. A legendary surgeon,Shipley’s name is associated with the earliest planned removal of apheochromocytoma and resultantcure of the type of hypertensioncaused by this tumor.


Arthur M. Chipley

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Born in Cecil County, Maryland,James M.H. Rowland grew up dur-ing a depression within a communi-ty that met hard times by tighteningbelts and working longer hours.After attending the WestNottingham Academy, Rowlandtaught school for two years onMaryland’s Eastern Shore to earnmoney to study medicine. He graduated from the School ofMedicine in 1892. Rowland wasappointed professor of obstetrics in1915 and served as dean from 1917 to 1940.

More than anyone in Baltimore,Rowland was conscious of the indif-ference with which society and themedical profession treated obstetricalpatients. When he graduated frommedical school and developed aninterest in obstetrics, most poor,inner city mothers were under thecare of midwives. Rowland disap-proved of this and was instrumentalin creating laws to govern the activi-ties of midwives. As a result, bothmaternal and infant mortalitydecreased rapidly.

Through Rowland’s efforts, a hospi-tal program for obstetrical patientswas developed, along with an outpa-tient clinic that supervised at-homedeliveries. In spite of opposition,Rowland advocated for the practicesof episiotomy and Caesarian sectionfor patients with placenta praevia.

A modest and humble man,Rowland once said that he had beenappointed dean of the medical school“…when I had no flair for it.”Nevertheless, an editorial in theDecember 20, 1936, edition of theBaltimore Sun praised Rowland for“…the fine work that has been donein building the medical school of theUniversity of Maryland to its presenthigh rank.” The Sun went on todescribe Rowland as a citizen whohas answered many calls to publicservice, as a physician whose careerhas been one of hard work and untir-ing effort to relieve suffering, and as ateacher who has made an indelibleimpression upon medical stu-dents…”

James Rowland died in 1954. Hisdaughter, Mrs. Carle Clarke, sculpteda life-sized bronze bust of him, whichis displayed in Davidge Hall. Thesculpture was a gift to the School of Medicine from Mrs. Clarke andher husband.


James M.H. Rowland

MR O B E R T U R I E P A T T E R S O N 1 9 4 3 – 1 9 4 6

Patterson served in the US Armyfrom 1901 until his retirement in1935. Throughout his militarycareer, he served at various poststhroughout the United States.Patterson was chief of a medical unitin World War I and, in the final fouryears of his career, surgeon general ofthe US Army. He received numer-ous decorations, including theDistinguished Service Medal, two Silver Star citations and thePhilippine Campaign Badge for serv-ice there at the turn of the century.Upon his retirement from the mili-tary, Patterson was named dean ofthe University of Oklahoma Schoolof Medicine and superintendent ofthe State University and CrippledChildren’s Hospitals at OklahomaCity. He later joined the faculty atthe University of Maryland.

Robert Patterson died at age 73, following a short illness.

Major General Robert UriePatterson, MC, USA (retired), wasborn in Montreal and received hismedical degree from McGillUniversity in 1898. He was nameddean of the School of Medicine andsuperintendent of the UniversityHospital in 1943.

At the time of Patterson’s appoint-ment, the Board of Regentsannounced a reorganization of theschool and the hospital to encouragecloser coordination between the twoas a combined teaching unit. Underhis leadership, the medical schoolchanged its emphasis from diagnos-ing to healing, with a new concentra-tion on research, public health,industrial medicine and extensionwork. During his tenure, depart-ments in cardiology and psychiatrywere added to deal specifically withtwo disorders that physicians hadonce considered virtually beyondtheir care.


RobertUrie Patterson

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H. Boyd Wylie was named dean ofthe School of Medicine in June of1948, after serving as assistant deanand acting dean. A native ofBaltimore, Wylie graduated from theJohns Hopkins University in 1908,and from the School of Medicine in1912. He was appointed to the faculty in 1913, and later namedprofessor and chair of biochemistry.

Wylie’s career at the School ofMedicine spanned 41 years. At onepoint in the 1940s, he simultaneous-ly served as the head of biochemistry,

chairman of the admissions commit-tee, and acting dean of the faculty.During Wylie’s deanship, the Schoolof Medicine accepted its first African-American students. Wylie was con-sidered tough, but fair, and was afather figure to many of his students.

Boyd Wylie died in 1963 at age 76.


H. Boyd Wylie

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Stone played a significant role in theopening of the world’s first ShockTrauma Center at the University ofMaryland in 1968. Through hisefforts, the school garnered statefunding for the first time, and wasawarded a US Department ofDefense grant, which providedShock Trauma’s first med-evac helicopter service.

A career officer in the US ArmyMedical Corps, Stone held manyposts, including chief of the ParasiticDisease Division at the ArmyMedical School, chief of theLaboratories Division of the SurgeonGeneral’s Office and chairman of theArmy Medical Research Board. Arecipient of the Distinguished ServiceCross, Stone was instrumental indeveloping the Walter Reed Institutefor Research into one of the leadingresearch centers in the country.

William Stone spent the final yearsof his life in North Carolina, wherehe died in 1983.

William Spencer Stone, MC, USA(retired), received BS and MSdegrees from the University of Idahoin 1924 and 1925, and his MDdegree in 1929 from the Universityof Louisville. He also held an hon-orary DSc degree. Stone joined theUniversity of Maryland School ofMedicine faculty in 1954 as directorof Medical Education and Research,and was named dean of the facultythe following year.

Under Stone’s leadership, the Schoolgreatly expanded its personnel andresearch facilities. Major develop-ments in post-graduate training andimprovements to the undergraduatecurriculum were implemented.Stone was one of the major architectsof the overall development programof the medical center. His broadexperience in diverse medical fieldsand his national prominence wereinstrumental in keeping theUniversity abreast of new trends. Thefaculty and student body knew himas a modest and dedicated man, adiligent administrator and a tena-cious fighter for what he believed in.


William Spencer Stone

AJJ O H N H . M O X L E Y I I I 1 9 6 9 – 1 9 7 3

John H. Moxley graduated fromWilliams College and received hisMD degree from the University ofColorado. He is Board certified ininternal medicine, a Fellow of theAmerican College of Physicians, and a Distinguished Fellow of the American College of Physician Executives.

Moxley served on the dean’s staff atHarvard Medical School, becamedean at Maryland in 1969, and thenwas vice chancellor for health servic-es and dean at the University ofCalifornia, San Diego MedicalSchool. A former Assistant Secretaryfor Health Affairs at the USDepartment of Defense, Moxleylater began consulting in organiza-tional issues in medicine and healthcare. He is currently managing direc-tor of the physician executive prac-tice at Korn/Ferry International,where he conducts searches for management physicians sought byprivate and public sectors of medi-cine and the health care industry.

Moxley is an active participant inseveral academic and health organi-zations. He has served on the boardof trustees of the American HospitalAssociation, as both chairman ofthe scientific board and member of the governing council of theCalifornia Medical Association, as member and chairman of the Council of Scientific Affairs of theAmerican Medical Association, and as a board member of both the National Fund for MedicalEducation and the Henry M.Jackson Foundation for theAdvancement of Military Medicine.

John Moxley is a member of theInstitute of Medicine of the National Academy of Sciences, theAssociation of American MedicalColleges, the Society of MedicalAdministrators and the AmericanSociety of Clinical Oncology.


John H. Moxley III

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departmental chairs, made the med-ical school a major player in the fieldof biomedical research, and managedtwice to rebuild the School’s basicscience departments. Dennis wasinstrumental in developing the AreaHealth Education Centers (AHEC)to expose students to rural practice.He was characterized as levelheaded,fair, honest and capable of meetingproblems head-on. John Toll, formerchancellor of the University Systemof Maryland, lauded him as “theideal academic leader.”

Dennis was very active in organizedradiology. He served as president ofthe American College of Radiologyand chairman of its board of chan-cellors, and was honored with theorganization’s Gold Medal for distin-guished and extraordinary service.Other honors include Alpha OmegaAlpha, the Gold Medal of theAmerican Roentgen-Ray Society, theGold Key of the Medical AlumniAssociation and Loyola College’sAndre White Medal for distin-guished service to Maryland. The University of Maryland’s 1984 Alumnus of the Year, Dennischaired the Medical and ChirurgicalFaculty’s Committee to Establish aCommission on Medical Discipline.

John Dennis retired from the deanship in 1990, completing 17years as dean, and almost 50 years of continuous service to theUniversity of Maryland.

A native of Wicomico County onMaryland’s Eastern Shore, JohnMurray Dennis was born in 1923.He graduated from the University ofMaryland College Park in 1943, andreceived an MD degree from theSchool of Medicine in 1945. Thefirst full time chair of radiology inthe medical school, Dennis filledthat post from 1953 until 1973,when he was made acting dean. Hewas appointed dean the followingyear, vice chancellor for health affairsin 1975, and vice president for aca-demic affairs in 1983. Dennis wasnamed dean emeritus in 1990, andprofessor emeritus in diagnostic radi-ology in 1995. At its 1993 com-mencement, the University ofMaryland Baltimore honored Denniswith an honorary ScD degree.

During Dennis’ deanship, the Schoolof Medicine developed into a majorresearch institution with considerablegrowth in faculty and research sup-port. After a long political battle,Dennis stewarded the developmentof a new Baltimore VeteransAdministration Medical Center onthe University of MarylandBaltimore campus. The BaltimoreVA Medical Center’s Dr. John M.Dennis Auditorium honors hisrelentless pursuit of and dedicationto this effort.

As dean, Dennis’ leadership helpedraise the University’s ranking to thetop third in research funding. Herecruited quality personnel for


John Murray Dennis

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tently advocated and demonstrated adedication to the promotion of equity in health care and diversity.His emphasis on addressing dispari-ties in health for the underservedand for minorities through culturallycompetent research and outreach haspermeated all levels and functions ofthe medical school and community.

It was under Wilson’s tutelage thatthe School of Medicine rose to thetop tier of American medical institu-tions in research funding. A superbleader and visionary in medical edu-cation, Wilson has served on innu-merable prestigious committees inthe medical education, research andhealth care arenas. His policy expert-ise led to his appointment as chair ofthe state’s Health Care Access andCost Commission and, subsequent-ly, the Maryland Health CareCommission. Wilson chairs theCouncil of Deans of the Associationof American Medical Colleges and is a member of the AdvisoryCommittee to the Director of the National Institutes of Health.

Donald Wilson is a Master of theAmerican College of Physicians and a member of the Institute ofMedicine of the National Academyof Sciences, the American Clinicaland Climatological Association and Alpha Omega Alpha. He is also a founder of theAssociation for Academic MinorityPhysicians (AAMP).

Donald E. Wilson, a native ofWorcester, Massachusetts, is a gradu-ate of Harvard College and TuftsUniversity School of Medicine. In1991 he was named the 30th deanof the School of Medicine. He waslater appointed the University’s firstvice president for medical affairs.Wilson came to Maryland after 11years as professor and chairman ofmedicine at the State University ofNew York Health Science Center-Brooklyn, and physician-in-chief ofthe University Hospital of Brooklynand Kings County Hospital Centerin New York.

As dean, Wilson has implementedhis vision of relevant curriculumreform, which provides students witha broad correlation of basic scienceand clinical medicine at the outset oftheir medical education. Wilson isrecognized locally and nationally as achampion for increasing the numberof underrepresented minoritiesamong both students and faculty,and for creating an atmosphere thatrespects and celebrates cultural andgender diversity. He has urged stu-dents and faculty “not to settle forwhat is offered but instead, reach forwhat is desired. If a special opportu-nity is offered, accept it graciouslyand then use it to advance your goalsand dreams as well as to be of serviceto the community.”

As the nation’s first African-Americandean of a traditionally majority medical school, Wilson has consis-


Donald E. Wilson

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E. A

lbert R

eece


E. Albert Reece, MD, PhD, MBA, is the Vice President for Medical Affairs, University of Maryland; the John Z. and Akiko K. Bowers Distinguished Professor, and Dean of the School of Medicine. He is also a professor in the departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medicine, and Biochemistry & Molecular Biolo-gy. He is a member of the prestigious Institute of Medicine of the National Academy of Sciences.

Originally from Jamaica, West Indies, Dr. Reece completed a Bachelor of Science degree with honors (Magna Cum Laude) from Long Island University; a MD degree from New York University School of Medicine; a PhD degree in biochem-istry from the University of the West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica; and a MBA degree from the Fox School of Business & Management of Temple University. He completed an internship and residency in obstetrics and gynecology at Colum-bia University Medical Center, and a postdoctoral fellowship in Maternal-Fetal Medicine at Yale University School of Medicine. He remained on the full-time faculty at Yale for almost 10 years, during which he served as Clinical Instructor from ‘82 to ‘84; Assistant Professor from ‘84 to ‘87; and received accelerated pro-motion to Associate Professor in 1987. In November 1990, at the age of 39, he was recruited by Temple University to serve as the Abraham Roth Professor and Chair-man of the Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences. Between 2001 and 2006, he served as Vice Chancellor of the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and dean of the College of Medicine. In 2006, he was recruited by the University of Maryland.

Dean Reece is actively involved in research and education. His research focuses on diabetes in pregnancy, birth defects and prenatal diagnosis. He directs a multi-million dollar NIH-funded research laboratory group studying the bio-molecular mechanisms of diabetes-induced birth defects. His laboratory has determined that there are specific cytoarchitectural changes at the epithelial level of the cell associated with these anomalies. Biochemical changes include depletion in membrane lipids and phospholipids as well as excess “free radicals.” His group is now studying the molecular mechanisms and methods to prevent these anomalies. He and his colleagues have also developed the technique of embryofetoscopy for early prenatal diagnosis and eventually for curative fetal therapy. He is a sought after Visiting Professor and Lecturer at numerous institutions both nationally and internationally.

Dean Reece has published extensively in the scientific literature: 12 books including revisions; 5 monographs; and more than 500 articles, chapters, and abstracts. He recently served as Chair of the Council of Deans of the Association of American Medical Col-leges. He serves or has served on many governmental and civic organizations and committees such as, the FDA, the IOM, the NIH, the Secretary of Health & Human Services Commit-tee on Infant Mortality, The March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation, the Massachusetts General Hospital Scientific Advisory Committee, the Board (Chairman) of the Nelly Berman Classical Music Institute, and the Agnes Irwin School for Girls.

Varle, Charles, A Complete View of Baltimore, Baltimore, 1833

Cordell, Eugene Fauntleroy, MD, The Medical Annals of Maryland 1799-1899, Williams and Wilkins Company, Baltimore, 1903

Old Maryland, Edited by Eugene F. Cordell, Vol. 1, No. 12, December 1905

Cordell, Eugene Fauntleroy MD, University of Maryland 1807-1907, Vol. I,Lewis Publishing Company, New York, 1907

The Centennial Celebration of the Foundation of the University of Maryland,Edited by John C. Hemmeter, MD, PhD, LLD, Williams and WilkinsCompany, Baltimore, 1908

Ballard, Margaret Byrnside, MD, A University is Born, Old Hundred, Union,West Virginia, 1965

Callcott, George H., A History of the University of Maryland, MarylandHistorical Society, 1965

200 Years of Medicine in Baltimore, Edited by Theodore E. Woodward, MD,University of Maryland School of Medicine, 1976

Yesterday and Today, the University of Maryland Medical System, An HistoricTimeline, Baltimore, 1992

The Hospital Bulletin, Vol. 6, No. 1, March 1910

The Hospital Bulletin, Vol. 11, No. 2, April 1915

Bulletin, Vol. 1, No. 4, November 1917

Bulletin, Vol. 2, No. 5, February 1918

Bulletin, Vol. 33, p. 116, 1948-1949

Bulletin, Vol. 68, No. 1, Summer 1983

The Baltimore Sun, December 20, 1936

The Morning Sun, July 27, 1954

The Evening Sun, May 15, 1963

The Baltimore Sun, June 2, 1990

The Evening Sun, Wednesday, January 27, 1993

C r e d i t s

Photographs and renderings provided by Dr. Theodore E. Woodward

Researched and written by Peggy O’Rourke-Trott

Funding for this publication has been provided by the Medical Alumni Association and the dean’s office of the University of Maryland School of Medicine.

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CENTURIES OF LEADERSHIP · 2019-02-27 · J JOHN BEALE DAVIDGE 1807–1811, 1814, 1821 John Beale Davidge, a native of Annapolis, Maryland, settled in Baltimore in 1796. A founder