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7/23/2019 far sht Internet

1/42

lbr sht Gktdrkdt=

-Zrfd`hb d zhvgiigagt

Kob Gsabgi @bshg


2/42

^BZBRGPFD lbr sht Gktdrkdt=. Hgstmrgb d gktdrkdtgt.

^brgadt thdadimrd t gktdrkdtgt

@dlgkgcgmkg g gktdrkdtgt


3/42

lbr sht Gktdrkdt= Pdidorblg `hd tdidlmkg - pbfgsfd pr t emaukgeubr

prdf sebfg k sebf (dko. dk`-tm-dk` cmaaukgcbtgmk). Zb`gm `hd P\ - ^bfgsfd pr prhbpur gklmrabcgmk

(Dko. (dko.jrmb`cbst).

Ad`guadt Pdidemaukgeudsd ebk jr t auk`ur

q kfdrzgt t gklmramhdk `hd brotmhdk (dko.dktdrtbgkadkt).

Gktdrkdtg sht shlbqur sg kf lmra bitdrkbtgvd demaukgegagt.

B g tbsha sht jr ad`guag erydsmr pr tofgthb lmrabt d Emaukgegagt kf ad kf, kf adshua, shua ad shua (dko.mkd-tm-mkd, mkd-tm-abky, abky-tm-abky)


4/42

lbr sht Gktdrkdt= Erbhbsgag

Zb`gms gu sht `bsht 3> vgtd tg prvdtsmk3>.>>>.>>> `ofuds

Pdidvgzgmkgt gu sht `bsht 24 vgtd t prvdtsmk.>>>.>>> shgeuds

Gktdrkdtg pr vdta 3 vgtd (2774-2778) blrsgsht7>.>>>.>>> shlrytzuds t rgfk


5/42

lbr sht Gktdrkdt= eb mlrmk gktdrkdtg

Eajga g gklmrabcgmkgt prads shrjgadvd-sdrvgsdvd


6/42

Hgstmrgb d gktdrkdtgt

Lgiigagsht Gktdrkdtg gshtd `gzbfkubr pr trbksldrgagkd gklmrabcgmkgt ushtbrbe kpr `gsb emapfutdr.

Orb`ubigsht Tkgvdrsgtdtdt ebk zjuiubr sd

gktdrkdtgt pbrbqdt kf akyr a d shpdft prsheajgagk(k`brfd) t gklmrabcgmkgt `hd gktdrkdtgzofdrmhdt k `gsb qgk`rb emapfutdr.

A pbs emaukgtdtg g jgzkdsgt gktdrdsmhdt pr

k`brfdk gklmrabcgmkgt prads rrfdtgt.


7/42

Hgstmrgb d gktdrkdtgt Brsydfb erydsmrd pr t ofgthb bg gshtd "k`brfb d

gklmrabcgmkgt".

Shprk`brfb d gklmrabcgmkgt, shpdftsgb d ad`gbvddidetrmkged sht jr kf `mams`msharg pr

`m qdkgd kfdrzmrd. Zrgtfb prtdf eulgfvd pmigtged `hd ofdmorblged sht

kf trdouds sd k`brfb d gklmrabcgmkgt sht jr kfkdvmf rdbid jmtrmrd.


8/42

Hgstmrgb d gktdrkdtgt-vgtdt

270>/4>\gtdt 270>-tb Adadx Cmkcdgvd` 2704

B Abthdabtgcbi Phdmry ml Cmaaukgcbtgmk2708

\gtdt d 274>-tb Kf kob kofbrfdt erydsmrd q k`geubk k zhvgiigagk

d Gktdrkdtg sht ibksgag d sbtdigtgt brtglgcgbiSputkfge kob Jbshegag Smvfdtge.

Efm mg k ergfgagk d BZ^B (B`vbkcd` Zdsdbrch^rmfdetg Bobkcy) jrdk`b @m@ SHJB (@dpbrtadktml @dldkcd-@dpbrtbadktg g ajrmftfds).

Sgigcmk Chgp 2748


9/42


-vgtdt 27/2-tb 27)

Lgrst \bst Cmaputdr Kdtwmre Dkvgsgmkd` 27


10/42


-\gtdt27/:-tb Efm gshtd rrfdtb d pbr erydsmrd ad emautga t

pbedtdvd (^bcedt swgtchgko)-vgtg 27


11/42


-\gtdt27/3-tb

27


12/42


-\gtdt27-tb/0eb thdadiubr qdvdrgb badrgebkd k Agkgstrgkd Ajrmftfds t Shtdtdvd t Jbsheubrb k akyr qt zhvgiimfk prmfdetd strbtdofged k lushk demaukgegagt, eb lgkbkcubr kf orup t vmoi

prmorbauds emapfutdrg `hd gkxhgkgdr tdidetrmkges pr t rg`dsgok akyrk k t cgikemapfutdrt lukesgmkmfk. Adk`ubr sg kf rrfdt gcgig `uhdf t sgourmf emaukgega pr ibjmrbtmrt

ushtbrbed , zyrbt qdvdrgtbrd `hd ukgvdrsgtdtdvd, tcgibt fbk rdbigzubr prmfdetd t shuatb t gktdrdsgt tTshtrgs


13/42


-\gtdt27-tb/4

K lgiiga BZ^Bkdt egshtd ig`h vdta ebtremapfutdr k ebtr ukgvdrsgtdtd t przofd`hur


14/42


15/42

Hgstmrgb d gktdrkdtgt-

vgtdt27?>-tb/: T shlbq emkcdptg g prmtmemiigt PC^ / G^ prtrbkspmrtgk `hd emaukgegagt. 27?3 kf bofdkcg tfdtr ld`drbid sg bfm d shedkcbvd

kbtyrmrd(Kl) ergfmg 4 qdk`rb supdremafutdrsh t

ig`hurb ad kfrb tfdtrk `ued ergfubr kf sgstda tkofbsha ad BZ^KDP

27?06 tdrag Gktdrkdt- \gktmk Cdrl `hd Jmj Ebhk kv. 27?0 pr`mrk tdragk Gktdrkdt `hd d ergfubk

'Prbksagssgmk Cmktrmi ^rmtmcmi / Gktdrkdt ^rmtmcmi'bpm g bshtuqubfturg PC^/G^ q dezgstmk ofdr smt kt kfftk lmra.


16/42


\gtdt27?>-tb/3Ey prmtmemi u lut k pr`mrga k v. 27?4 eur u ig`hdk

k kf rrfdt Stbkslmr` Tkgvdrsgty `hd TkgvdrsgtyCmiidod Imk`r

27?46BZ^BKDP gshtd adkùbr sg kf rrfdt g cgig

ùhdf t sgourmf emaukgega ibjmrbtmrt ushtbrbed,zyrbt qdvdrgtbrd `hd ukgvdrsgtdtd, t cgibt fbkrdbigzubr prmfdetd t shuatb t gktdrdsgt t Tshtrgs.Ofbt vgtdvd t shtbt`hfdt, BZ^BKDP u rrgt k

akyr t qk`rudshad, k akyr q 27?4 uabrr pimtsgsht kob Agkgstrgk d Ajrmftfds, ùed dshk`rrubr bt k Zrfdtg g t `hkbvd Ajrmftfds -@@K (@dldksd @btb Kdtwmre - @@K).


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-vgtdt27?>-tb/027?46 Eigdktg d-abgi (shtgag g lukesgmkdvd Zdpiy`hdLmrwbr`).

27?


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s mr b d k drkd -vgtdt27?>-tb/4 27?? 6 GJA thdadimg JGPKDP, rrfdt k t cgik s

pbrg eydk emapfutdrt d ukgvdrsgtdtdvd kob SHJB,a vmk d`hd prdf Dvrmpd (^rmfdetg DBZK) `hdpfdsvd t tfdrb t jmts

G pbrg Juiidtgk Jmbr` Systda (JJS) u zhvgiiub k

Chgcbom k 27?8

27?8 sht ofgthbshtu vgtg g cgig smiig t pbrk rdeibat pb `shgrubr k lmrak d adsbzhgt t dabgigt(a vmk kfmhur sg spba),

27?76 AT@ Lmrab d pbr d imfrbvd auitgpibydr

27?76 prhbpdt Tsdkdt(Tkgx Tsdr Kdtwmre), sgstdag emkldrdkcbvd prads s cgigt( k lgiiga) stu`dktt`hd prmldsmrt badrgebk sheajdfk adk`gad ktdab t k`ryshad prmldsgmkbid `hd fmlmrabid
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulletin_Board_Systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulletin_Board_Systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulletin_Board_Systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulletin_Board_Systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulletin_Board_Systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulletin_Board_System


19/42


vgtdt278>-tb/2 2783 6 PC^ / G^ sht jr prmtmemii jbz pr

emaukgega prads etyrd rrfdtdvd.

Shlbqdt emkcdpt g gktdrkdtgt - kf rrfdt q prjhdtkob kf kuar kk-rrfdtd (dko. suj-kdtwmres).

sht Gkstbiubr k shua emapfutdr TKGX kprukgvdrsgtdtd.

27806 Lutdt @KS (@mabgk Kbad Systda ) pradkbxhgagk d dartgadvd t emapfutdrvd k

ads rrfdtbvd `hd kkrrfdtdvd -2780 278?6 CmapuSdrvd bccg`dktiy rdbigsd` OGL gabod


20/42


vgtdt278>-tb/: 2788- eur `hd ibfarmhdk ergajbt (wmras).-

shlbqfb d vgrusd sg rdzuitbt g objgadvd (Dko. juo).Shlbqfb d vgrusdvd t pbrd ebk shebetubr d`hdk`bifdk d gktdrkdtgt

___ Crdbtd` 2787-^rmpmzgag g _mri` _g`d _dj

Gktdrkdt sht stbjgigzubr k luk` t vgtdvd t 8>-tb K emhk q Bppid u ibroub kob prmorbag

BppidIgke k 2787, prmfdetg u rgdarub `hdBadrgcb Mkigkdigk`

27876GS^ g pbr ad `gbi-up g pbr emadrcgbi,

K luk` t esbf pdrgu`h d ebk qdk rrdth

2>>.>>> emapfutdr t ig`hur k gktdrkdt k `gsb


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vgtdt277>-tb/2 277>6 sht jrbetgsur BZ^BKDP.5 BZ^BKDP

zvdk`smhdt ad KSLKDP.

277>6 Lmk`bcgmk kbcgmkbi pr shedkc (KSL)pbrbqdt prmfdetgk pr ig`hfdk k rrfdt t

mrobkgzbtbvd t k`ryshad `hd t rrfdtbvd t tyrddezgstudsd, spbrg k kgvdi emajtbr `hd a pbsk kgvdi oimjbi. @dtyrb gshtd q t ig`h DBZK, dcgib dezgstmktd k shua shtdtd , FBKDP kob

Jrgtbkgb d ab`hd, KMZ@Tkdt d cgib dezgstmktdvdk`dt sebk`gkbvd, LTKDP k Lgkibk` dtf.Eshtu ergfmhdt GKPDZKDPGg tgii q smt d kfmhga.Ey `hd kue sht qubftur pb brsydfd rrfdt d t

ofgthb rrfdtdvd- pfdst prjrsd k k`rtga tgktdrkdtgt kue gshgk ema utdr t vd bkt


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vgtdt277>-tb/:pmr emapidt rrfdtb emapfutdrged t mrobkgzubrb k

akyrbt d auk`shad a t k`ryshad. Dprjbshet d vdtad pr etm rrfdtb gshtd prmtmemiigpr emaukgega PC^/G^.

277>6 Mrobkgzbtb Dvrmpgbkd pr HuiuatgadJrthbamrd CDZK lutg ___ (_mri` _g`d _dj).-pr`drgsb jmtb ldstmktd eshtk`fdiibt, Jdrkdrs Iddprluk`mk erdft eb `uhdt q udj tb edt

lukesgmkbigtdtgk d pimt. Eshtu udj jrmwsdrg g pbrquhdt www g cgig zofdrmk d`hd auk`sgk d k`rtgagtt udj lbqdvd. ^rob`gt d`hd udj sdrvdrgk kb`rdsk gk`m.cdrk.ch


23/42


vgtdt277>-tb/3277>6 Ergfmhdt amtmrg g pbr eregamr Brchgd, kob Bibk

Datbod, Jgii Hddibk, `hd Aged ^bredr kdTkgvdrsgtdtgk AcOgii kd Amktrdbi, Ebkb`b

27726 Igkux sgstda mpdrbtgv 3: jgt

Tkgx]emapbtgji pb pbods `dstgkubr premapfutdr pdrsmkbi g zhvgiiubr kob Igkus Pmrvbi`sk ukgvdrzgtdtgk d Hdisgkeu k Lgkibk`/

27726 (< ousht 2772)Lbqfb d pbr d gktdrkdtgt

ergfmhdt kob Pga Jdrkdrs-Idd G cgig pbrbqgtg ___k pujige. qiigag g lbqds s pbr gshtd shpfdogag sdlbr gshtd _mri` _g`d _dj.

27726KSL hbpg gktdrkdt-gk pr pujigeuk pr`mrga

emadrcgbi.


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vgtdt277>-tb/0 27726 ^rmtmemiig g pbr g eregagt t jbzubr k

prajbftfd

27726 A^3 ethdhdt k lgid stbk`br`

27726 Ebadrb (_djCba) g pbr, Ofgthbshtu k t

kfftgk vgt, prmtmemiig g pbr g eregagt g cgigemktrmiimktd prajbftfdk d lgid-vd `hd fm vdtadargk d tgf u ishub, g qubftur Omphdr

277:6 Lutdk rrfdtdt d jbzubr k ig`hfd t shpdft6

2.4AJ / s pr P2 04AJ / s pr P3 (k Dvrmp, D2-D3).
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gopher_(protocol)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gopher_(protocol)


25/42


vgtdt277>-tb/4 27736Amsbgc shlidtudsg g pbr orblge pr

pr`mrga pujige

27736 Zdvuiucgmkg g vrtdt k Gktdrkdt lgiimg k v.2773 eur u zjuiub Jrmwsdr-g Kdtscbpd. @drg td

pbrbqgtfb d Kdtscbpd-gt `uhdf pbsur shua kfmhurgk emapfutdrgzga pr tb pr`mrur Gktdrkdtgk.^brbqgtfb d Jrmwsdrgt-vd k emapfutdrgzga dthfdshtsmg shua bpigegagk d Gktdrkdtgt.

27736 jrmwsdrg g pbr prbkubr www _dk`drdr Gk`rtubr pr abtfdk d rrgtfds s udj-gt q pukmk`drg ad 277?. Efm stbtge q eb ajid`h d`hd k`gtt d smtad k`m`hdt k gktdrkdt.


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vgtdt277>-tb/


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vgtdt277>-tb/? 27706 Ergfmhdt Kdtscbpd (Amsbgc

Cmaaukgcbtgmks Cmrpmrbtgmk) kob AbrcBk`rddsdk `hd Fbads H.Cibre.

2770 Zb`gm _XWC (87,3 LA Chbpdi Hgii, KC

TSB) trbksadtmk d`hd prads gktdrkdtgt `hd shtd pbrb rb`gm trbksadtgag jrmb`cbstgko.

27706Pga Jdrkdrs-Idd prdzbktmk _3C.

2770 6^gzzb Hut pmrmsgtdt mkigkd k gktdrkdt

Lmramhdt GktdrKGC (Kdtwmre Gklmrabtgmk GktdrkdtCdktdr) pr t b`agkgstrubr shrjgadt k _dj.


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vgtdt277>-tb/8 2774 Djby Bod ml dCmaadrcd Jdogks 2774 27746 Zrgtfb d `mt-cmalgiimk.

27746 Ergfmhdt prmtmemiig SSI g pbrd kob Kdtscbpd.

27746Shlidtudsg Mpdrb jdk ibksgagk d tgf td pbrd.

27746G pbrg \mG^ smltwbrd (\mcbitdc) ishmhdt, `uedg idfubr pr`mrudsgt td jfk thgrrfd kd Gktdrkdt.

27746Agcrmsmlt-g eb prdzbktubr `hd ishubr6

Agcrmsmlt Gktdrkdt Dxpimrdr. 27746 Ergfmhdt HPAI :,> `hd pbrbqgtdt kd ZLC

shgh.

2774 Djby Bod ml dCmaadrcd Jdogks 2774


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vgtdt277>-tb/7 2774Suk Agcrmsystdas eb ergfubr `hd ishubr

FbvbScrgpt sg `hd Fbvb.

27746 Bitb\gstb sht ereudsg g pbrd g auk`sgvdshua ofuhsmr t eregagt. ^b k`drgag t `gsbvd

t prmkbrgt jhdt prmkbrd Mvdkturd q shtd`hd d ybhhmm-s., `hd gshtd ajrdt `drg kibksga t Ommoid.

277


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vgtdt277>-tb/2> 277-tb eb lgiiubr jgzkdsgk didetrmkge (Dko.

D-cmaadrcd). 277?6 Pdrag wdjimozjuimhdt

277?6Phdadimhdt Gktdrkdt:.

277?6 GDDD idshmk 8>:,22(_gLg) stbk`br`. 27786 G pbrg Ibfa g Zg ishmhdt mkigkd k

euk`rshtga ad akyrk trb`gcgmkbid,

27786Gktdrkdt _djimos-dt d pbrd lgiimfk td shlbqdk


31/42


vgtdt277>-tb/22 27786Lgiimk td shlbqdt XAI kob _3C. 27786 Ommoid!

27786 Shprk`brfb d lgidvd k Gktdrkdt lgiimk

27776 Kbpstdr ergfmk bpigebcgmkd shdajgkg lgid-gag`gs pr`mrudsvd td Gktdrkdtgt.

^rpukgag `gstrgjutgv (Shprk`br) hyrfdvd klmeusgk d huiuatgagt.

Shlbqdk d`hd hbedrbt `hd ajrmftfb jhdt kfshqdtsgag erydsmrd


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vgtdt277>-tb/23 Fbk Shpgeur tdekmimofgt d rdfb `hd prmtmemiidt k

akyr q t Ajrmftfds k gktdrkdt.

Lgiimk tg jbshemhdk pbfgsfd t vmoib shtpgbed g(Pdidlmkbt cdiuibr, abegkb ibrsd, dtf.)

Shlbqdt ajshtdtfb pr pr`mrudsgt cdiuibr. ^r shebe t ^rmjidag W:E shua rdsursd t

gktdrkdtgt fbk pragrsubr.

Gktdrkdtg vbzh`mk t rrgtdt k akyrdespmkdkcgbid, `ued u jbsheubr agigmkb emapfutdrluk` k gktdrkdt.

Gktdrkdtg prluk`gagsht jhdt a stbjgi `hd a gjdsudsha


33/42


vgtdt277>-tb/20

27776 ^rmfdetg SDPGNhmad, ^rmfdetg eb ergfubrdeugvbidktgk d kf supdremapfutdrg ofgobk` ùedk`rig`hur a shua sd 3 agigmk emapfutdr rrdth

d rrmtuii jmts, ùed pr`mrur prmcdsmrt d tyrd kamadktgk q scrddk sbvdr, gshtd k puk, ùedtrdoubr q emapfutdrg kue gshtd k pr`mrga.^rmorbag bkbigzmktd t `hkbt d vbivd t rb`gmvd

`hd t tdidsempvd pr shdkfb fdtd fbshttmesmrd


34/42

Hgstmrgb d gktdrkdtgt-vgtdt:>>>-

tb/2 :>>26 lgiimk _gegpd`gb Hbpsgrb d b`rdsudshad G^v0 shtshtdrur.

\drsgmkg g rg, G^v>36 \mG^ Seypd g idfmhdt pujigeut t ofdr, `ued`hk kf k`rlbqd agqsmrd, t tdidlmkbtbvd adV ad bk t G^.

:>>06udj :.>,5 Zrfdtdt smcgbid `hd @goo PhdLbcdjmme hbp `ydrt pr stu`dktt d emidofdvd

:>>0 ibksmhdt oabgi ad 2OJ. Hmtbabg `hd ybhhmgshgk ad :AJ `hd 0 AJ
http://skype.com/http://skype.com/


35/42


vgtdt:>>>-tb/: :>>46 WmuPujd Strdba g vg`dmvd pr pujigeuk d

ofdr

:>>>?6 Ebigag g P\ mkigkd- Kprafdt gktdrkdtgttrbksadtmhdk prajbftfd t k`ryshadgklmrabtgvd(dko. ad`gb cmktdkt), sg vg`dm,tdidlmkgs `hd H@P\ (Hgoh @dlgkgtgmk P\).

:>>?6 g^hmkd `hd Gktdrkdtg k Cdiuibr :>>86 Vofd`hfdt k Gktdrkdt


36/42

Hgstmrgb d gktdrkdtgt-vgtdt:>>>-

tb/3 :>>86 jmtb egshtd blrsgsht >76 _mri` _g`d _dj Emkzmrcguag (_3C), mrobkgzbtd cgib euf`dsdt ajg stbk`br`gzgagk wdj tdekmimofgvd `hdzhvgiiga t _dj-gt `rdftmr sg s cgis zofg`hdt PgamthyJdrkdrs-Idd

m:>>76 Zrd uiibt d GCBKK k`r shm k


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^brgadt thdadimrd t

gktdrkdtgt Emkcdptg g sbf rrfd`h kob `y rrkft, "gktdr" `hdkdtwmre.

Auk`sgb d ig`hfds k`rafdt t `y rrfdtdvdpbrbqdt `dlgkgcgmkgk d gktdrkdtgt.

Sb gktdrkdtg k`ryshmk kob rrfdtg= D prb, fm shua. Kf shpfdoga a pmsht.

Zrdftb k`rtmhdt ad ig`hfdk d shua pbfgsfdvdemapfutdrged


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Gktdrkdtg sht kf rrfdt oimjbi q ig`h sgstdadtemapfutdrged k ofgth jmtk.

Eb kf oba t ofdr t sgstdadvd, kob ebadrb tsupdr emapfutdrt, `ued prlshgr sgstdadt d k

hbpsgr (sbtdigtt,dtf.) Vhvgiigag g gktdrkdtgt k kf rrfdt t tgii t ab`hd

sht g jbzubr k jbshepukgagk d qdvdrgvd,gk`ustrgvd `hd gkstgtucgmkdvd brsgamrd profbt tr

jmts. Shprk`brfb d gklmrabcgmkgt kprafdt gktdrkdtgt, k

bkk tfdtr, mk k prpbrgad t rdfb tdekmimofged.


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