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Bell Work…
Review your notes from the last chapter to predict what some of the main issues in the Election of 1800 might have been.
Thoughts to Ponder…
From 1789-1828, America became more democratic. The Founding Fathers had not anticipated political parties, but different ideas about government divided leaders and the public. As president, Jefferson reduced the size of the federal government. After purchasing the LA Territory from the French, he named Lewis and Clark to lead an expedition of discovery. Differences between Great Britain and the United States prompted a renewal of hostilities in 1812. Although the war was short and inconclusive, a wave of patriotism washed over Americans when it ended.
The Election of 1800
1. Federalist John Adams and Pinckney vs. Republican Thomas Jefferson and Aaron Burr
2. Jefferson and Burr each received 73 Electoral Votes
3. House of Representatives chose Jefferson as President
4. 12th Amendment- requires electors to vote for the president and vice president on separate ballots
Bell Work…
Copy and answer the following questions into your notebook:
Who were the candidates in the Election of 1800, and what party did each represent?
Why did the Election of 1800 lead to the Twelfth Amendment?
The Election of 1800
John Adams and the FederalistsThomas Jefferson and the
Democratic-Republicans
Rule by wealthy class
Strong federal government
Emphasis on manufacturing
Loose interpretation of the Constitution
British alliance
Rule by the people
Strong state governments
Emphasis on agriculture
Strict interpretation of the
Constitution
French alliance
Election Results
Adams receives 65 votes, and Pinckney
receives 64 votes
Jefferson and running mate Burr receive
73 votes each
Peaceful change of political power from one party to another
The tied race led to the Twelfth Amendment (1804), which created a separate ballot
for president and vice president
Jefferson’s Policies1. Stressed the need for a limited gov’t and the protection
of civil liberties
2. Cabinet choices included James Madison (Sec. of State) and Albert Gallatin (Sec. of the Treasury)
3. Congress allowed the Alien and Sedition Acts to expire
4. Lowered military spending and reduced the size of the army
5. Believed that the primary functions of the federal gov’t were to protect the nation from foreign threats, deliver the mail, and collect customs duties
6. Agreed to leave the Bank of the US in place
Marbury vs. Madison1. Judiciary Act of 1801- created 16 new federal judgeships
2. John Adams appointed hundreds of judges before his term was up
3. Jefferson blocked the appointments of the ‘midnight judges’
4. Judicial Review- the Supreme Court’s power to declare acts of Congress unconstitutional
5. Writ of mandamus- court order directing an individual or agency to do or not do something
6. Court ruled against Marbury
Your Task…
In your assigned groups, read either The Judiciary Act of 1789 and Excerpts from the Constitution or Majority Opinion of the Supreme Court. Then, answer the corresponding questions.
Bell Work…
Copy and answer the following questions into your notebook:
What was the Supreme Court’s ruling in Marbury vs. Madison?
How does the power of judicial review strengthen the role of the judicial branch?
Louisiana Purchase- purchase of French land between the Mississippi River and the Rocky Mountains that doubled the size of the US
THE LOUISIANA PURCHASE
1763 France gave Louisiana to Spain
March 1801
Spain returned Louisiana to France
Jefferson sent Robert R. Livingston, the US minister to France to
attempt to buy New Orleans
January 1803 US sent James Monroe to join Livingston to try to buy New
Orleans and West Florida from France
April 1803
The French offered Livingston and Monroe all of Louisiana
They signed a treaty acquiring 828,000 square miles for $15
million
October 1803 The Senate ratified the treaty and in December the US acquired
the Louisiana Purchase
The Corps of Discovery1. Lewis and Clark Expedition- expedition led by
Meriwether Lewis and William Clark that began in 1804 to explore the Louisiana Purchase
2. Left St. Louis in Spring of 1804, using the Missouri River as their pathway
3. Sacagawea- Shoshone woman who guided the expedition
4. Returned in September 1806
5. Collected information on people, plants, animals, and geography of the West
Your Task…Create a map of the LA Purchase and the Corps of Discovery. Include the following:
Title
Map with LA Purchase colored a brighter color, and Corps of Discovery route traced
Trace, color, and label all US states gray
Trace, color, and label all US territories blue
Draw and label the Mississippi River and the Missouri River
Locate and label the following cities: New Orleans, St. Louis
2-3 sentence explanation for how the US acquired the territory
2-3 sentence explanation about the purpose of the Corps of Discovery expedition
3-4 key people, each with picture and a brief biography (3-4 sentences, focus on their contribution to the expedition)
5 stops of the Corps of Discovery, each with a picture and a brief explanation of what the expedition did at that stop (1-2 sentences)
**All writing will be typed into one Word document, printed, and glued on poster**
Your Assignment…Read Alexander Hamilton’s Editorial, Purchase of Louisiana, and Letters by Federalists. Then, answer the questions prompted on the Louisiana Purchase Graphic Organizer.
On the back of the graphic organizer, write three sentences answering the following question:
Did Federalists oppose the Louisiana Purchase for practical or political reasons? (In other words, did the Federalists have real concerns, or did they just hate Jefferson?) Use text to support your answer.
Bell Work…
Copy and answer the following question into your notebook:
What are some possible results of expansion into the Louisiana Purchase?
USS Constitution- large warship
Impressment- forcing people to serve in the army or navy
Embargo- banning of trade with a country
Embargo Act- prohibited American merchants from trading with other countries
Non-Intercourse Act- replaced the Embargo Act and restored trade with all nations except Britain, France, and their colonies
Tecumseh- Shawnee chief who believed treaties with separate Native American nations were worthless
The Prophet- believed that Native Americans should return to the traditional ways of their ancestors
Battle of Tippecanoe- US victory over an Indian confederation that wanted to stop white settlement in the NW Territory
War Hawks- members of Congress who wanted to declare war against Britain after the Battle of Tippecanoe
Bell Work…
Copy and answer the following question into your notebook:
Why did Congress pass the Embargo Act?
The War of 18121. War declared on Great Britain in June 1812
2. Andrew Jackson led military forces; massacred Creek women, children, and warriors at Battle of Horseshoe Bend
3. British bombed Fort McHenry
4. Treaty of Ghent- ended the War of 1812
5. Jackson beat the British at the Battle of New Orleansafter the Treaty of Ghent had been signed
ANALYZING THE WAR OF 1812
Causes of the War
Impressment of
American sailors
Interference with
American shipping
British military aid to
Native Americans
Effects of the War
Increased sense of
national pride
American
manufacturing boosted
Native American
resistance weakened
The Star Spangled BannerOn September 13-14, 1814, Francis Scott Key witnessed
the bombardment of Fort McHenry by the British.
Moved by what he saw, he wrote a poem that he entitled “The Star Spangled Banner.”
How do the words relate to the nighttime bombardment of Fort McHenry by British ships?
What is the main idea of the song?
Is it a good song to represent the US as its national anthem?
Your Assignment…
In your groups, discuss and list the main events, people, and issues of the War of 1812.
Rank the list by order of significance. Using the notecards provided, create trading cards for the 10 most significant people, events, battles, and issues of the war. On the front of each card, provide a name and an image for a person/event. On the back of each card, provide facts about the person or event on the front of the card.