Ch 12- Family & Intimate Relationship

8/16/2019 Ch 12- Family & Intimate Relationship

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© 2008 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserve.

12-1


SOCIOLOGY:A Brief Introduction

Richard T. Schaefer

Seventh Edition



chapter


CHAPTER OUTLINE•Global ie!" of the #a$il%

•St&d%in' the #a$il%

•(arria'e and #a$il%

•)ivorce•)iver"e Life"t%le"

•Social Polic% and the #a$il%* Ga% (arria'e

12The #a$il% andInti$ate Relation"hi+"




12-3

█ Ho! do fa$il% and inti$ate relation"hi+"

differ in the United State" fro$ other +art"

of the !orld,

A Look Ahead

█ Ho! do fa$il% +attern" differ fro$ one

c&lt&re to another,

█ In !hat !a%" do fa$il% +attern" differ

!ithin a c&lt&re,




12-4

Compoition:

!hat I the "ami#$% █ &uc#ear fami#$* n&cle&" or core &+on

!hich lar'er fa$il% 'ro&+" are b&ilt

█ '(tended fami#$* fa$il% in !hich relative"

live in "a$e ho$e a" +arent" and their

children




12-)

Compoition:

!hat I the "ami#$% █ *ono+am$* for$ of $arria'e in !hich

one !o$an and one $an are $arried

onl% to each other

█ Seria# mono+am$* !hen a +er"on ha"

"everal "+o&"e" in hi" or her lifeti$e- b&t

onl% one "+o&"e at a ti$e




12-,

Compoition:

!hat I the "ami#$% █ o#$+am$* !hen an individ&al ha"

"everal h&"band" or !ive"

"i$&ltaneo&"l% █ o#$+$n$* $arria'e of a $an to $ore than

one !o$an at a ti$e

█ o#$andr$* $arria'e of a !o$an to $ore

than one h&"band at the "a$e ti$e


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12-.

"i+ure 12-1: /0S0 oueho#d $

"ami#$ t$pe 145-2515

Source: Author’s estimate based on Bureau of the Census 1996; Fields 2204; see also McFalls200:2!



12-6

7inhip attern: 8o !hom Are

!e 9e#ated% █ 7inhip* "tate of bein' related to other"

Bi#atera# decent* both "ide" of a +er"on/"

fa$il% are re'arded a" e0&all% i$+ortant

atri#inea# decent* onl% the father/" relative"

are i$+ortant

*atri#inea# decent* onl% the $other/"relative" are "i'nificant



12-

Authorit$ attern:

!ho 9u#e% █ atriarch$* $ale" are e1+ected to

do$inate in all fa$il% deci"ion $a2in'

█ *atriarch$* !o$en have 'reater a&thorit%than $en

█ '+a#itarian fami#$* fa$il% in !hich

"+o&"e" are re'arded a" e0&al"



12-15

"unctiona#it ie;

█ #a$il% "erve" "i1 f&nction" for "ociet%*

3. Protection

4. Sociali5ation

6. Re+rod&ction

7. Re'&lation of "e1&al behavior

8. Affection and co$+anion"hi+

9. Provi"ion of "ocial "tat&"



12-11

Conf#ict ie;

█ #a$il% reflect" ine0&alit% in !ealth and

+o!er fo&nd !ithin "ociet%

█ In !ide ran'e of "ocietie"- h&"band"

e1erci"ed +o!er and a&thorit% !ithin

the fa$il%

█ ie! fa$il% a" econo$ic &nit contrib&tin'

to "ocial in:&"tice



12-12

Interactionit ie;

█ #oc&"e" on $icro level of fa$il% and

other inti$ate relation"hi+"

█ Intere"ted in ho! individ&al" interact !ith

each other !hether the% are cohabitin'

+artner" or lon'ti$e $arried co&+le"



12-13

"eminit ie;

█ Ur'ed "ocial "cienti"t" and "ocial

a'encie" to rethin2 notion that fa$ilie" in

!hich no ad&lt $ale i" +re"ent area&to$aticall% a ca&"e for concern

█ #e$ini"t" "tre"" the need to inve"ti'ate

ne'lected to+ic" in fa$il% "t&die"



12-14

8a#e 12-1: Socio#o+ica#

erpecti<e on the "ami#$



12-1)

Courthip and *ate Se#ection

█ A"+ect" of (ate Selection

'ndo+am$* Endo'a$% "+ecifie" the 'ro&+"

!ithin !hich a "+o&"e $&"t be fo&nd and

+rohibit" $arria'e !ith $e$ber" of other

'ro&+"

'(o+am$* E1o'a$% re0&ire" $ate "electiono&t"ide certain 'ro&+"- &"&all% one/" o!n

fa$il% or certain 2in



12-1,


█ A"+ect" of (ate Selection

Incet taoo* "ocial nor$ co$$on to virt&all%

all "ocietie" +rohibitin' "e1&al relation"hi+"

bet!een certain c&lt&rall% "+ecified

relation"hi+"

omo+am$* con"cio&" or &ncon"cio&"tendenc% to "elect $ate !ith +er"onal

characteri"tic" "i$ilar to one/" o!n

;contin&ed<



12-1.


█ The Love Relation"hi+

Co&+lin' of love and $arria'e not &niver"al

(an% !orld c&lt&re" 'ive +riorit% in $ate

"election to factor" other than ro$antic

feelin'"

Conce+t of ho$o'a$% ha" been incor+oratedinto the +roce"" of "ee2in' a date or $arital

+artner online



12-16

ariation in "ami#$ Life and

Intimate 9e#ationhip █ Social Cla"" )ifference"

The &++er cla"" e$+ha"i5e" linea'e and

$aintenance of fa$il% +o"ition= lo!er cla""fa$ilie" li2el% to have one +arent at ho$e- and

children t%+icall% a""&$e ad&lt re"+on"ibilitie"



12-1

ariation in "ami#$ Life and

Intimate 9e#ationhip █ Racial and Ethnic )ifference"

>lac2 "in'le $other" often belon' to "table-

f&nctionin' 2in net!or2"

(e1ican A$erican" are $ore fa$ili"tic

• *achimo* "en"e of virilit%- +er"onal !orth-

and +ride in one/" $alene""• "ami#im* +ride in the e1tended fa$il%



12-25

"i+ure 12-2: ercenta+e of eop#eA+e 25 to 24 '<er *arried

Se#ected Countrie

Source: "nited #ations $o%ulation &i'ision 200(!



12-21

"i+ure 12-3: 9ie of Sin+#e-arent"ami#ie in the /nited State

1.5-2555

Source: Bureau of the Census 1994:6; Fields 2001:)!



12-22

Chi#d-9earin+ attern in

"ami#$ Life █ Parenthood and Grand+arenthood

One of $o"t i$+ortant role" of +arent" i"

"ociali5ation of children

Recentl%- U.S. !itne""ed e1ten"ion of

+arenthood !ith ad&lt children livin' at ho$e

?>oo$eran' 'eneration@ or ?f&llne"t"%ndro$e@



12-23

Chi#d-9earin+ attern in

"ami#$ Life █ Ado+tion

Proce"" that ?allo!" for the tran"fer of the

le'al ri'ht"- re"+on"ibilitie"- and +rivile'e" of+arenthood@ to a ne! le'al +arent or +arent"

█ )&alInco$e #a$ilie"

A$on' $arried +eo+le bet!een the a'e" of48 and 67- B9 of $en and 9D of !o$en in

the labor force in 47



12-24

Statitica# 8rend in =i<orce

█ )ivorce rate" increa"ed in late 3B9"-

then leveled off

█ Since late 3BD"- it ha" declined b% 48 +ercent

Partl% d&e to a'in' of bab% boo$er +o+&lation and

corre"+ondin' decline in +ro+ortion of +eo+le in

$arria'eable a'e

█ Abo&t 96 of all divorced individ&al" in U.S.

re$arr%



12-2)

"actor Aociated

;ith =i<orce █ Greater "ocial acce+tance of divorce █ (ore liberal divorce la!"

█ #e!er children

█ Greater fa$il% inco$e

█ (ore o++ort&nitie" for !o$en




12-2,

Impact of =i<orce on Chi#dren

█ Abo&t a third of children benefit fro$

divorce beca&"e it le""en" e1+o"&re to

conflict ;A$ato and >ooth- 3BBF< █ In abo&t F +ercent of divorce"- the

+arent" en'a'ed in lo! level of conflict

In tho"e ca"e"- the realitie" of divorcea++eared to be harder for children to bear

than livin' !ith the $arital &nha++ine""




12-2.

=i<ere Lifet$#e

█ (arria'e ha" lo"t $&ch of it" "ocial

"i'nificance a" a rite of +a""a'e

█ U.S. $arria'e rate ha" declined "ince

3B9

Po"t+onin' $arria'e &ntil later in life

#or$in' +artner"hi+" !itho&t $arria'e




12-26

=i<ere Lifet$#e

█ Cohabitation* $alefe$ale co&+le" !ho

choo"e to live to'ether !itho&t $arr%in'

Abo&t half of all c&rrentl% $arried co&+le" in

U.S. "a% the% lived to'ether before $arria'e

█ Re$ainin' Sin'le

Trend to!ard $aintainin' a "in'le life"t%le for alon'er +eriod i" related to 'ro!in' econo$ic

inde+endence of %o&n' +eo+le




12-2

=i<ere Lifet$#e

█ (arria'e !itho&t Children

Abo&t 39 to 3F of !o$en !ill co$+lete

childbearin' %ear" !itho&t children co$+ared!ith 3 in 3BD

█ Le"bian and Ga% Relation"hi+"

Ga% and le"bian co&+le" face di"cri$inationon both +er"onal and le'al level"




12-35

"i+ure 12-4: 8rend in *arria+eand =i<orce in the /nited State

125-2554

Sources: Bureau of the Census 19)(:64; National Vital Statistics Reports 200(!




12-31

"i+ure 12-): /nmarried-Coup#e

oueho#d $ State

*ource: +! *immons and ,’Connell 200:4!




12-32

Ga$ *arria+e

█ The I""&e

Attit&de" to!ard $arria'e are co$+le1

• Societ% and c&lt&re "&''e"t that %o&th "ho&ldfind the +erfect $ate and $arr%

• o&n' +eo+le al"o bo$barded !ith

acce+tabilit% of divorce

• In thi" at$o"+here- the idea of "a$e"e1

$arria'e "tri2e" "o$e in U.S. a" attac2 on

traditional $arria'e




12-33

Ga$ *arria+e

█ The Settin'

er$ont 'ave 'a% co&+le" le'al benefit" of

$arria'e thro&'h civil &nion (a""ach&"ett" S&+re$e Co&rt r&led "tate/"

con"tit&tion 'ive" 'a% co&+le" ri'ht to $arr%




12-34

Ga$ *arria+e

█ Sociolo'ical In"i'ht"

#&nctionali"t"* reli'io&" vie!" to!ard

$arria'e cannot be i'nored Conflict theori"t"* denial of ri'ht to $arr%

reinforce" "econdcla"" citi5en"hi+

Interactioni"t"* foc&" on "&++ort or o++o"itionof fa$il%- co!or2er"- and friend"

A" $an% a" 8 of citi5en" favor civil &nion



12-3)

Ga$ *arria+e

█ Polic% Initiative"

Reco'nition of "a$e"e1 +artner"hi+" not

&nco$$on in E&ro+e Trend i" to!ard reco'nition in North A$erica

a" !ell

(an% nation" re$ain" "tron'l% o++o"ed In U.S. local :&ri"diction" have reco'ni5ed

do$e"tic +artner"hi+" for benefit"

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Ch 12- Family & Intimate Relationship