Ch 2 Introduction to HIS

8/9/2019 Ch 2 Introduction to HIS

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AN INTRODUCTIONTOHEALTH INFORMATION SYSTEMS

(HIS)

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WHAT IS HIS?

Health Information System : One thatsupports all hospital functions and activities

such as patient records, scheduling,

administration, charge-back and billing, and

often links to or includes clinical informationsystems such as RIS. (Radiology Information

System )

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ICT

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Part of a HIS in which computer systemsare used as ICT-tools (information andcommunication technology ) is referred toas its computer-supported part

The remainder is being referred to as thenon-computer-supported part


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WHAT IS HIS?

the question is notwhether a hospital should be equipped with ahospital information system or not,

but an appropriate question would be ...

whether the performance should be enhanced,for example, by using state of the art ICT-toolsHIS must consider all areas of a hospital:wards

outpatient unitsservice units (diagnostic, therapy, others)administrative departmentsmanagement/executive units

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WHAT IS HIS?

HIS must consider all groups of personsphysiciansnursesadministrative stafftechnical staffhealth informaticians / health informationmanagers

...

... and last, but not least,patientsvisitorssuppliers...

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WHAT IS A HIS?

Definitions of HIS aboundOccrams rule!

anintegratedeffort to collect, process, report and usehealth information and knowledge toinfluencepolicy-making, programme action and researchWHO (2000)Guidance on Needs Assessment for National

Health Information Systems Development.

a set ofinterrelatedcomponents working together togather, retrieve, process, store and disseminate informationtosupportthe activities of health system planning, control,coordination and decision-making, both in management andservice delivery

Jack Smith, in: Health Management Information Systems ahandbook for decision makers. OUP, 2000.

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Hospital Information System

Registration Consulting Ward Nursing

Pharmacy

Stores & Purchase

RadiologyLaoratory!lood !an"

#iet & $itchen

And more...


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BENEFITS OF HIS

Investment in HIS may result in many benefits (WHO):

helpingdecision makersto detect and controlemerging and endemic health problems, monitorprogress towards health goals, and promote equity;

empoweringindividuals and communitieswith timelyand understandable health-related information, anddrive improvements inqualityof services;

strengthening the evidence base for effective health

policies, permittingevaluationof scale-up efforts, andenablinginnovationthrough research;

improvinggovernance, mobilising new resources, andensuringaccountabilityin the way they are used. 8


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HEALTH CARE DATA

TYPES OF HEALTH CARE DATA

Patient-Specific Data

Clinical Data

Administrative Data

Financial and Billing Data

Aggregate Health Care Data

Disease and Procedure Indexes

Cost Reports

Health Care Statistics

Outcome Measures and Balanced

Scorecards


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HEALTH CARE INFORMATION

SYSTEMS

Foundational Terms & DefinitionsNHIN National Health Information

NetworkAn Internet-based data exchange that will

allow medical providers to share health data

to improve care

Automated prescriptions

Accuracy of patient information


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FOUNDATIONAL TERMS &

DEFINITIONS

RHIO (Regional Health InformationOrganization):

A regional organization of stakeholdersenabling the exchange and use of health

information to facilitate improvements in

healthcare quality .


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DEFINITIONS

EMR Electronic Medical Record

An Electronic Medical Record facilitates:

access of patient data by clinical staff at any

given locationaccurate and complete claims processing by

insurance companies

building automated checks for drug and

allergy interactionsclinical notes

prescriptions

scheduling sending to and viewing labs


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INFORMATICS TERMS AND

DEFINITIONS

PHR Personal Health Record

The Personal Health Record (PHR) is an

Internet-based set of tools that allows people

to access and coordinate their lifelong health

information and make appropriate parts of it

available to those who need it.


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INFORMATICS TERMS AND

DEFINITIONS

PHRs offer an integrated and comprehensive

view of health information, including

information people generate themselves such

as symptoms and medication use, information

from doctors such as diagnoses and testresults, and information from their

pharmacies and insurance companies.


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Individuals access their PHRs via the Internet,

using state-of-the-art security and privacy

controls, at any time and from any location.

Access on a local computer with download

capabilities

Paper records


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PHR

Family members, doctors or school nurses cansee portions of a PHR whennecessary and emergency room staff canretrieve vital information from it in a crisis.

People can use their PHR as a communicationshub: to send email to doctors, transferinformation to specialists, receive test resultsand access online self-help tools. PHR connectseach of us to the incredible potential of modernhealth care and gives us control over our owninformation.


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DEFINITIONS

HIPAA Assurance: The Health Insurance Portability and

Accountability Act mandates thathealthcare providers and health plansprotect the privacy of patient records;one implication for medical IT providersis that a VPN can be used to secure

transmission of medical records over theInternet


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TYPES OF (HEALTH) INFORMATION SYSTEMS

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Strategic

informationsystems

Tactical information

systems

Operational information systems

Decision support systems,

simulation systems,

financial forecasting,

performance assessment

Management information

systems

Electronic patient records,

payroll, invoicing systems, patient

administration systems,

purchasing/inventory, office

automation

Artificial Intelligence


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HEALTH INFORMATION SUBSYSTEMS

A health information system can be considered to consist of

several separate subsystems:

Data collection based on patient and service records andreporting from community health workers, health workers andhealth facilities

Programme-specific monitoring and evaluation(ex: EPI, Malaria, TB, HIV/AIDS)

Administration and resource management(budget, personnel, supplies)

Disease surveillance and outbreak notification

Data generated through household surveys (KPC, DHS)

Registration of vital events and censuses

(births, deaths and causes of death)

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HIS subsystems rarely interact


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Development steps of HIS

Management

Information

System

Clinical

Information

System

MIS

CIS

GMIS

GeographicalManagement

Information System


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THIS INFORMATION CAN BE CATEGORIZED

AS

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INFORMATION WILL BE USED BY THE

AREAS

Patient Administration

Clinical Management

Resource Management

Financial Management Management Information System

And more

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Laboratory

Pharmacy

Radiology

DataEntry

& Reslts

Re!ie"

E!ent

Monitor

#illing&

$inancial

Medical

Logic

Modles

Medical

Entities

Dictionary

Database

Interface

Patient

Database

Research

Databases

Speciali%ed

Encoders

MedLEE


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HIS HAVE THE ABILITY TO LINK THE FOLLOWING

MAJOR PLAYERS

Laboratori!

P"ar#a$i!

R!ar$"r!

Do$tor! a%& $o%!'(ta%t! Ba%)! a%& *i%a%$ia( i%!tit'tio%!

Ai%i!trator!

A%& )%o+(&, #a%a,r!

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IS shold pro!ide

in%ormation 'rimarily aout 'atients in a (aythat it is correct 'ertinent and u' to date in timeaccessile y the right 'ersons at the right site in ausale %ormat

"no(ledge 'rimarily aout diseases ut also%or e)am'le aout the e%%ects o% drug interaction tosu''ort diagnosis and thera'y

in%ormation aout the *uality o% 'atient carehos'ital 'er%ormance and costs

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Documents

Ch 2 Introduction to HIS