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Ch 29: Europe and North America THE COLD WAR

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Map Activity Locate and label the Soviet Union, United States, Great Britain, Cuba, Turkey, Canada, South Korea, Iran, France, and Australia. Label the countries that were allies of the Soviet Union, and those that were allies of the US. (Use a key!) This will be on your test Friday!

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Potsdam Conference Germany in ruins Divided Germany & Berlin into 4 zones of occupation Nuremberg Trials Nuremberg Trials Tried more than 200 Nazi and military leaders Germany to pay war reparations

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The Cold War Era of hostility and tension between the US and the Soviet Union Iron Curtain used to describe sharp division of Europe Iron Curtain Truman Doctrine oppose spread of communism Marshall Plan, 1947, to rebuild Europe US Policy of Containment block Communist expansion

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Kick Off December 18, 2013 Textbook page 868 #2, 6, 10, 12, 17, 18

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Cold War Confrontations 1947, Crisis in Berlin Berlin Airlift Berlin Airlift

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Germany West Federal Republic of Germany East German Democratic Republic, or East Germany

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New Alliances NATO North Atlantic Treaty Organization US, Canada, most Western European nations Counter Soviet power Warsaw Pact, 1955

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Cold War Questions

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Kick Off January 6, 2013 1. The prom king and queen are always the most popular people in school. Can there be multiple prom kings and queens in the same school? Why or why not? 2. Read page 900, and answer questions 1 and 2 on page 901.

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THE COLD WAR

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The Struggle Begins Era of hostility and tension between the US and Soviet Union United States vs. Soviet Union Capitalism vs. Communism

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Although the US and USSR never fought each other, the tensions heated up and created satellite wars.

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US Policy of Containment Truman Doctrine pledge to provide economic and military aid to oppose spread of communism Marshall Plan provided $13 billion for rebuilding Europe

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Confrontations 1947, split Germany into zones of occupation 1948, Soviets blockaded West Berlin Berlin Airlift Soviets call off blockade in 1949

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Superpower Rivalries

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Arms Race Struggle between nations to gain advantage in weapons 1952, US tests hydrogen bomb at Bikini Atoll US & USSR increase stockpile of nuclear weapons Deterrence development of military power to prevent attack

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Sputnik Worlds first satellite to orbit the earth Launched by USSR in 1957 Causes US government to establish National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) in 1958

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Public Fears Bomb shelters Air-raid drills Red Scare in the US 1940s and 50s Sen. Joseph McCarthy Expose communists in American film industry and government

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Berlin Wall 1961, East German residents working in West Berlin East Germany erected Berlin Wall to stop exodus Those trying to cross would be shot by guards

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Cuba 1959, communist rebels overthrow Cubas dictator US tries to overthrow Castro (new communist leader) Bay of Pigs Invasion Invaders defeated

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Cuban Missile Crisis 1962 Soviet Union installed nuclear missiles in Cuba 2-week standoff resulted in Soviet leaders removing missiles from Cuba US removed missiles from Turkey

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Attempts at Arms Control DescriptionEffects 1955, Open Skies Treaty 1963, Test Ban Treaty 1968, __________ ________________ (_____________) 1988, Intermediate- Range Nuclear Force (INF) Treaty

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Changing Societies

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United States Strong economy, driven by increase in consumer spending GI Bill of Rights Helped American veterans go to college Baby boom Civil Rights Womens Rights Counterculture rebellion of teens and young adults againt mainstream society

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Postwar Soviet Union Command economy Government controls all economic decisions Nikita Khrushchev Leader of Soviet Union Effort to de-Stalinize Soviet Union Still committed to communism

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Revolutions in Eastern Europe 1980, Poland: Solidarity Anti-government protest movement Czechoslovakias Velvet Revolution Romanian revolution resulted in bloodshed 1989, East Germany opened gates of Berlin Wall

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Mikhail Gorbachev 1985, leader of Soviet Union Glasnost openness Willingness to openly discuss Soviet Unions problems Perestroika restructuring Reform of Soviet economic and political system

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After the Cold War

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Soviet Union Collapses 1991, Soviet government ceased to function after republics gained independence

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Bosnia and Herzegovina 1992, declare independence from Yugoslavia Bosnian Serbs wanted to remain part of Yugoslavia, started war to prevent Bosnian independence Serbs used ethnic cleansing against Bosnian Muslims US-led diplomatic effort finally ended violence in 1995

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Cold War Scavenger Hunt Start at your assigned letter/color. Write it on your paper. Write the statement you see at the bottom of the paper. Complete the statement with a vocab word. Find the vocab word at another station. Repeat! Vocab word