Ch. 4 - Becoming a World Ch. 4 - Becoming a World Power (1872-1912).Power (1872-1912).

I.I. The Imperialist Vision.The Imperialist Vision.

A desire for world markets and belief in the superiority of A desire for world markets and belief in the superiority of white culture led the U.S. to assert itself as a world white culture led the U.S. to assert itself as a world power power (trade w/ Japan & Latin America, and annexation (trade w/ Japan & Latin America, and annexation of Hawaii).of Hawaii). After the Civil War, Americans were focused on After the Civil War, Americans were focused on reconstructing the South. reconstructing the South. Beginning in the 1880’s, Americans began to favor expanding Beginning in the 1880’s, Americans began to favor expanding

American power.American power.

A.A. Imperialism – Economic and Imperialism – Economic and political domination of a strong political domination of a strong nation over other weaker nations.nation over other weaker nations.

European nations were expanding their colonies.European nations were expanding their colonies. Companies had to look overseas for raw materials and a Companies had to look overseas for raw materials and a

place to sell their products (market).place to sell their products (market).

B.B. Protectorate – The imperial power Protectorate – The imperial power allowed the local rulers to stay in allowed the local rulers to stay in control and protect them against control and protect them against rebellions and invasions.rebellions and invasions.

Colony – Imperial power had total control over the territory.

C.C. Expansion in the Pacific.Expansion in the Pacific.1.1. Mathew C. Perry – 1853, led Mathew C. Perry – 1853, led

4 U.S. warships to Edo 4 U.S. warships to Edo Bay Bay (now Tokyo) to negotiate (now Tokyo) to negotiate a a trade treaty.trade treaty.

President Millard Fillmore sent Perry with a letter to try and President Millard Fillmore sent Perry with a letter to try and persuade Japanese to trade.persuade Japanese to trade.

Japanese never saw a steamship before; Impressed by U.S. Japanese never saw a steamship before; Impressed by U.S. technology and firepower.technology and firepower.

Realizing they could not compete with the U.S., Japan opened Realizing they could not compete with the U.S., Japan opened their ports of Simoda and Hakodadi in 1854.their ports of Simoda and Hakodadi in 1854.

Forcing the Japanese to trade with the U.S. led to Japan Forcing the Japanese to trade with the U.S. led to Japan to Westernize their country in 1868.to Westernize their country in 1868.

Japan industrialized and by 1890’s, built a powerful navy Japan industrialized and by 1890’s, built a powerful navy and set out to build their own empire in Asia.and set out to build their own empire in Asia.

Commodore Matthew Perry & Commodore Matthew Perry & actor Matthew Perryactor Matthew Perry

Commodore Matthew Perry Matthew Perry, a.k.a. Chandler

Separated at birth ???Separated at birth ???

First Landing of Americansin Japan, July 14, 1853.

Commodore Perry’s ship, by a Japanese artist.

“…to bring a singular and isolated people into the family ofcivilized nations.”

- Commodore Perry, 1859.

D.D. Annexing Hawaii.Annexing Hawaii.1.1. By mid-1800’s, sugarcane By mid-1800’s, sugarcane

plantations were established.plantations were established.

1800’s, U.S. ships used Hawaii as stop for Asia.1800’s, U.S. ships used Hawaii as stop for Asia. 1820’s, missionaries and whaling ships in Hawaii.1820’s, missionaries and whaling ships in Hawaii. 1887, Hawaiians forced King Kalakaua to accept constitution 1887, Hawaiians forced King Kalakaua to accept constitution

limiting his power and increased the planters’ power. limiting his power and increased the planters’ power.

2.2. 1893, Queen Liliuokalani tried 1893, Queen Liliuokalani tried to to impose a new constitution.impose a new constitution.a)a) Failed due to Marines; Failed due to Marines; forced to forced to give up power.give up power.b)b) President Cleveland President Cleveland refused to refused to annex Hawaii annex Hawaii (opposed imperialism).(opposed imperialism).

New Constitution would reassert her power as ruler of Hawaii.New Constitution would reassert her power as ruler of Hawaii. Hawaii provisional gov’t waited until the next president Hawaii provisional gov’t waited until the next president

(McKinley) and was then annexed in 1898.(McKinley) and was then annexed in 1898.

Queen Liliuokalani,Queen of Hawaii.

E.E. Relations with Latin America.Relations with Latin America.1.1. Pan-Americanism – The U.S. Pan-Americanism – The U.S.

& Latin America work & Latin America work together together to support to support peace & increase peace & increase trade.trade.

17 nations came together in 1889. Agreed to form the Commercial Bureau of the American

Republics, now called the Organization of American States (OAS).

Map indicating OAS Map indicating OAS membership. Foundingmembership. Founding

members are dark green, members are dark green, follow-up members are follow-up members are bright green, and the bright green, and the

single suspended single suspended member (Cuba) is member (Cuba) is

colored lime. colored lime.

Captain Alfred T. Mahan wrote Captain Alfred T. Mahan wrote The Influence of Sea Power The Influence of Sea Power Upon History: 1660-1783Upon History: 1660-1783 in 1890, pointing out that in 1890, pointing out that prosperous nations built strong navies to trade in prosperous nations built strong navies to trade in

the the world.world. By the 1890’s, the U.S. was becoming one of the top naval By the 1890’s, the U.S. was becoming one of the top naval

powers in the world.powers in the world.

As of 1917

2007