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Challenges for Higher Education in Multicultural and Globalised Societies. Jussi Välimaa, Dr., Professor of higher education studies Finnish Institute for Educational Research University of Jyväskylä, Finland. The Aims of the Keynote. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Finnish Institute for E
ducational Research (F
IER
)
21/04/23
1
Challenges for Higher Education in Multicultural and
Globalised Societies
Jussi Välimaa, Dr., Professor of higher education studies
Finnish Institute for Educational Research
University of Jyväskylä, Finland
Finnish Institute for E
ducational Research (F
IER
)
The Aims of the Keynote
to discuss on the different roles higher education institutions play in contemporary societies
Analyze the nature of contemporary societies as networked knowledge societies
Analyze the topics of internationalization, multiculturalism & intercultural issues
Reflect on the challenges for higher education institutions
21/04/23
2
Finnish Institute for E
ducational Research (F
IER
)Defining Globalization &
internationalizationGlobalization = processes which affect the whole world / are recognized throughout the globe. The basic hypothesis: nation states loose their decision-making capacity at the cost of global organizations & processes
Internationalization is based on contracts between nation states, or their institutions. The processes of internationalization (e.g. international exchange programs) show that nation states continue be important political players.
Often overlap each other
21/04/23
3
Finnish Institute for E
ducational Research (F
IER
)On the Nature of Contemporary
Societies
Knowledge Societies:
Increasing importance of knowledge everywhere in societies (Stehr 1994)
Mobile Network societies:
Crucial categories of time and space are transforming because of ICT (Castells 2006)
Network Societies:
Describes the dominating social structures of contemporary societies: networks (Castells 2009, Latour 2007)
21/04/23
4
Finnish Institute for E
ducational Research (F
IER
)
Main Problems with These Soci(logic)al Theories
Knowledge Society does not take seriously the means of communication (ICT) and emerging new social structures (networks)
Mobile Network Societies emphasizes ICT too much as a source of change
Network theories (ANT) and Network Society do not pay enough attention to the contents of communication (knowledge)
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5
Finnish Institute for E
ducational Research (F
IER
)Defining Networked Knowledge
Societies (NKS)Contemporary societies can not be defined either knowledge societies or network societies; both describe important social phenomena of contemporary global realities
The crucial elements are:
1) CONTENT. The need & use of knowledge
2) MEDIA. Information technology
3) SOCIAL STRUCTURE. Networking as the social form of communication & knowledge production
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6
Finnish Institute for E
ducational Research (F
IER
)
The Need and Use of Knowledge (& HE):
The quantity and quality of the needs for most up-dated knowledge is a new phenomenon -> research and HEIs are crucially important.
the content of information and communication is crucially important matter in itself
Knowledge needs to be taken seriously as the core element in contemporary societies.
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7
Finnish Institute for E
ducational Research (F
IER
)
Information Technology (& HE):ICT has re-defined the categories of time & space identity, social forms, society, but institutions & social structures frame social choice & communication choice.
wireless communication & internet enhance considerably the intensity and density of interaction.
HEIs may act as important nodes of knowledge networks because of their intellectual and material resources (academic traditions, administrative structure & physical space).
21/04/23
8
Finnish Institute for E
ducational Research (F
IER
)
Social Form: Networks
new forms of knowledge production: knowledge is produced in networks of partnerships & cooperation with academics and universities (e.g. open access) and with other stakeholders outside HEIs
Networking and networks are the most efficient way to organize these multiple and flexible academic, business and social partnership relations.
Networking is the social form of communication & knowledge production.
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9
Finnish Institute for E
ducational Research (F
IER
)
New competencies needed in the Knowledge Societies
Old academic qualifications are not enough
New competencies are needed:
1) intercultural communication skills
2) team-working skills
3) Leadership qualities
4) Basic disciplinary knowledge
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10
Finnish Institute for E
ducational Research (F
IER
)
Three Internationalizations
Context: While higher education is global as a sector, it remains a nationally-based institution
1) Traditional internationalization, emphasis on international nature of higher education: short term temporary, academic mobility & student exchange, faculty visits and conferences, international publications & international cooperation in projects or scientific research
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Finnish Institute for E
ducational Research (F
IER
)Three Internationalizations (2)
2) Emerging internationalization, newer developments often directly connected to globalization (increasing competitive potential in cross-border higher education consortia) & attempts to recruit tuition and fee-paying students from around the world
3) Ideological internationalization, includes arguments about what internationalization efforts should be -> internationalization policies at the local and national level should mitigate many of the negative effects associated with globalization
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Finnish Institute for E
ducational Research (F
IER
)
Essential is that
there is not one definition of internationalization that will serve all purposes, at every level of higher education, everywhere.
Universities need to define what kind of internationalization they want to have
21/04/23
13
Finnish Institute for E
ducational Research (F
IER
)
On Multiculturalism
The same can be applied with multicultural or intercultural issues: there is not only one definition that serves all purposes
‘multicultural’ is often used in relation to: 1) recognition of civil rights, 2) integration & adaptation of migrants, 3) multicultural / intercultural communication
In intercultural cooperation CULTURAL SENSIBILITY is essential
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Finnish Institute for E
ducational Research (F
IER
)
Trends in the Changes of Knowledge
Changes of Knowledge:
Traditional Society: Networked Knowledge Society:
Locus of knowledge Local & national institutions
Global networks
Nature of knowledge Controlled /closed open
Mode of knowledge production
universities Cooperative networks of universities & others
Production of knowledge
Individual academics Collective networks, peer production
Storage of knowledge Libraries & archieves Internet
Access to knowledge Limited, controlled Free
Mode of knowledge transmission
Teacher-centered, lecture rooms
Student-centered, www-based learning
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Finnish Institute for E
ducational Research (F
IER
)
Challenges for Universities
1) have both local, national and global social responsibilities
2) have tense networks (local, national, global)
3) be active contributors and defenders of free and open access to knowledge
4) create conditions and maintain infrastructure for global communication
5) educate citizens (rather than labour force)
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16
Finnish Institute for E
ducational Research (F
IER
)
Challenges for Universities (2)
6) Educate students with competencies needed in Knowledge Societies
7) Change pedagogical thinking (towards constructive & cooperative learning)
8) Recruit multicultural academic staff
=> University should decide what kind of future it wants to create for itself
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17
Finnish Institute for E
ducational Research (F
IER
)Thank You