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8/9/2019 Change in Organization
1/16
CHANGE IN
ORGANIZATIONS
Session 1
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Unit 4
Change in organization
understanding change
Factors influencing change
Forced field analysis
Managing Resistance to change
Developing Change agents
Analyzing and Organizing work
Need Approaches Problems associated with work organization
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Unit 1
Organization Development :
definition, characteristics and underlying assumptions
and values of OD
Assumptions about peopleOrganizational Diagnosis Tools and techniques :
questionnaire
Interview
Workshops
task forces.
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Unit 2
Nature of OD interventions :
Comprehensive intervention
confrontation meeting
survey feed back
Grid OD
Structural Intervention
Job Design, Quality Circles, Socio technical systems,MBO & appraisal Parallel learning organizations
Team interventions Role Negotiation Techniques.
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Unit 4
Characteristics of High performance teams
Self managed team
Work culture and ethics
Quality of work life
Developing and managing self-personal
effectiveness.
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Prelude
It is not the strongest of the species that survive, nor the mostintelligent, but the one most responsive to change.
- Charles Darwin 1809-1882
People don't resist change. They resist being changed!
-Peter Senge
"Everybody has accepted by now that change is unavoidable. But thatstill implies that change is like death and taxesit should bepostponed as long as possible and no change would be vastly
preferable. But in a period of upheaval, such as the one we are livingin, change is the norm."- Peter Drucker
"If you want to make enemies, try to change something."- Woodrow Wilson
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Technological Explosion
e.g. Biometrics,mobile/internet banking
Information Highway
e.g. Internet, telecomnetworks
Total QualityManagement
Customer centricity
Learning OrganizationCompetency
development, training
ChangeManagement
Contemporary Change in Practice
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Live Business Examples
In 2004, Toyota showcased its trumpet playing
robot. Toyota has been developing multitask
robots destined for elderly care, manufacturing,
and entertainment.
In January 2005, Wal-Mart
required its top 100 suppliers to
apply RFID labels to all shipments.
An RFID tag used for
electronic toll collection.
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Definition
Change is the coping process of moving from the
present state to a desired state that individuals,
groups and organizations undertake in response to
dynamic internal and external factors that altercurrent realities.
E.g.
Computerization of public sector banksOnline reservation system for Indian Railways
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Imperative of Change
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Forces of change - External
PoliticalGulf war, reunion of Germany
EconomicGlobal recession
Technological internet, telecom
Governmentderegulation, protectionism
Global Competition
Changing customer needs and preferences
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Forces of change - Internal
System Dynamics: internal politics, power attribution
Inadequacy of administrative processes
Individual or group speculation
Structure forced changes
Technological changes
Person focused changes
Profitability issue
Resource constraint
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Some determining factors of change
PLANNED UNPLANNED
INTERNAL INTERNAL PLANNED
CHANGE
INTERNAL
UNPLANNED
CHANGE
EXTERNAL EXTERNAL PLANNEDCHANGE
EXTERNAL
UNPLANNEDCHANGE
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Planned Change
INTERNAL CHANGE EXTERNAL CHANGE
Changes in Products/Services Introduction of new technology
Change in Administrative
System
Advances in information
processing and communication
Change in Organizational Size
& Structure (e.g. Outsourcing,
downsizing)
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Unplanned Changes
INTERNAL EXTERNAL
Changing Employee
Demographics
Government Regulations
Performance Gaps Economic competition
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Types of Change
Type Features
Reactive Change In response to an event e.g. automation in response to the
demand
Anticipatory Change In expectation of an event e.g. investment in BRIC nations
Strategic Change Change applied to the organization as a whole e.g. Bajaj
foray into motor bikes
Transformational
Change
Involves the greater part or whole of the organization.
e.g. change in size/complexity
Fundamental Change Redefinition of current purpose or mission
Directional Change Occurs under condition of severe competition, regulatory
shift in government policy, or unsuccessful business strategy
Happened Change Unpredictable and takes place due to external factors
e.g. currency devaluation