Changes in SocietyAP Ch. 27B (878-886 )

The student will understand the changes in society during WWII for the various groups.

AL COS #11 & 12  

Who was A. Phillip Randolph, and what was the purpose of his March on Washington?

Changes in SocietyA.Millions of Americans moved to the West coast for the war plantsB. Many left their hometowns and the "hometown" values.C. Six million left the farms to work in the cities.

D. Movement of women into the factories as women in the workforce increased from 1/4 to 1/3 (see 881)

working women: pre-war were mainly single and young; during the war working women were of all ages, ethnic, and economic groups; generally they were delighted to be employed and used the money to pay off debts.

Rosie the Riveter: govt. created image of a young, white, middle class women by working were doing their patriotic duty.

Defense Industries: jobs such as riveters, steelworkers, and welders were the new areas in which women worked.

Enola O'Connell, only woman welder at Heil Co., Milwaukee, WI

employers: although pleased to have women in the work force because of worker shortages, often assumed they would be better for simple, repetitive tasks.

The following is an excerpt from the July 1943 issue of Transportation Magazine. This was quite serious at its time and written for male supervisors of women in the work force during World War II - a mere 58 years ago! .

There is no longer any question whether transit companiesm should hire women for jobs formerly held by men. The draft and manpower shortage has settled that point. The important things now are to select the most efficient

women available and how to use them to the best advantage. Here are eleven helpful tips on the subject:

1. Pick young married women. They usually have more of a sense of responsibility than their unmarried sisters. They are less likely to be flirtatious. They need the work, or they would not be doing it. They still have the pep and interest to work hard and to deal with the public efficiently.

2. When you have to use older women, try to get ones who have worked outside the home at some time in their lives. Older women who have never contacted the public have a hard time adapting themselves and are inclined to be cantankerous and fussy. It is always well to impress upon older women, the importance of friendliness and courtesy.

3. General experience indicates that "husky" girls - those who are just a little on the heavy side - are more even-tempered and efficient than their underweight sisters.

4. Retain a physician to give each woman you hire a special physical examination - one covering female conditions. This step not only protects the property against the possibilities of lawsuit, but also reveals whether the employee-to-be has any female weaknesses that would make her mentally or physically unfit for the job.

5. Stress, at the outset, the importance of time; the fact that a minute or two lost here and there makes serious inroads on schedules. Until this point is gotten across, service is likely to be slowed up.

6. Give the female employee a definite daylong schedule of duties so that they will keep busy without bothering the management for instructions every few minutes. Numerous properties say that women make excellent workers when they have their jobs cut out for them, but that they lack initiative in finding work themselves.

7. Whenever possible, let the inside employee change from one job to another at some time during the day. Women are inclined to be less nervous and happier with change.

8. Give every girl an adequate number of rest periods during the day. You have to make some allowances for feminine psychology. A girl has more confidence and is more efficient if she can keep her hair tidied, apply fresh lipstick and wash her hands several times a day.

9. Be tactful when issuing instructions or in making criticisms. Women are often sensitive; they cannot shrug off harsh words the way men do. Never ridicule a woman - it breaks her spirit and cuts off her efficiency.

10. Be reasonably considerate about using strong language around women. Even though a girl's husband or father may swear vociferously, she will grow to dislike a place of business where she hears too much of this.

11. Get enough size variety in operator's uniforms so that each girl can have a proper fit. This point cannot be stressed too much in keeping women happy.

problems for women: included leaving children at home, earning less money than men for the same job, and slower advancement in corporations.

WACS: women in the army who worked in all areas except combat such as a front-line soldier. Although thelargest, there was also the WASPsand the WAVEs.Ultimately, more than 150,000 American women served in the Army during World War II. Mention lawsuit and SC decision

end of the war: many Americans (including women) assumed working women would go back to being full-time homemakers again. However, not all women did go back to the home.

E. Education is impacted as hundreds of thousands of teachers join the armed forces or get higher paying war jobs, students leave schools in record numbers to take jobs or join the armed services, and colleges admitted an unprecedented number of women.

F. African Americans 1. Massive migration north for a better life 2. Increased economic power as A. Philip Randolph's (remind them of King) threat of a march on Washington led to an executive order prohibiting employment discrimination and created a Fair Employment Practices Committee. 3. Sit-ins in major cities. 4. Federal executive order prohibiting discriminatory hiring practices.

African American women: although involved primarily in domestic work before the war, many African American women would use lawsuits and other means to improve their job opportunities during the war.

Nurses in England, 1944Despite seriousshortages ofnurses during WWII,the govt.was hesitantto allow AfricanAmericannurses to care for white patients, “was considered a violation of social norms.”

Jim Crow laws: still were strong in the South and still were de facto segregated in the north.

Dorie Miller with his Navy Cross at Pearl Harbor, May 27, 1942

African Americans: although strictly segregated and initially relegated to support roles, they soon served in combat roles.

Nurses in England, 1944

Col. Benjamin O. Davis,Jr., the son of the first African American General pictured on the left, and first Lieutenant Lee Rayford.

A class of twin-engine pilots in front in flight capsand single engine pilots in rear in helmets and goggles, Dec. 1943.

The Tuskegee Airmen have a respectable record in combat: they flew more than 15,000 sorties destroyed over 1,000 German aircraft received hundreds of Air Medals more then 150 Distinguished Flying Crosses

“Double V” campaign: the first V was for victory against the Axis, the second for equality at home.

CORE: Congress of Racial Equality believed in using non-violent techniques, such as sit-ins, to end segregation.

The threatened March on Washington in 1941 prompted President Franklin D. Roosevelt to issue Executive Order 8802, stating that there should be "no discrimination in the employment of workers in defense industries or Government because of race, creed, color, or national origin." The Committee on Fair Employment Practices was established to handle discrimination complaints.

An example of this isA. Philip RandolphWho threated a “March on Washington”

Mexican Americans: would benefit from jobs in war production centers, employment in L.A., and participation in job training programs.Zoot Suit Riots: Mexican Americans wore this style of suit and U.S. soldiers would hunt down and beat up “zoot-suiters.” This would lead to a full scale riot in June 1943.

braceros: (Sp. for workers) Mexican farm laborers brought to the U.S.

Mexican Americans: in the military fought bravely on all fronts

Latinos served alongside Anglo Americans. Mexicans were one of the most highly decorated ethnic groups in the U.S. Armed Forces, including 12 receiving the Congressional Medal of Honor, one of which was Cleto Rodriguez. It is reported that the heaviest battlefront casualties during the war were suffered by the 3rd, 36th, and 45th Infantry Divisions, which contained generous numbers of Mexicans in their ranks.

Native Americans: some in the military worked as code talkers

Choctaw code talkershad been used in WWI. German spieshad tried to learn the various nativeAmerican languages.Navaho “is an unwritten language of extreme complexity. It has no alphabet or symbols

Navajo Code Talkers' DictionaryREVISED AS OF 15 JUNE 1945(DECLASSIFIED UNDER DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE DIRECTIVE 5200.9)

ALPHABET NAVAJO WORD LITERAL TRANSLATIONA WOL-LA-CHEE ANTA BE-LA-SANA APPLEA TSE-NILL AXEB NA-HASH-CHID BADGERB SHUSH BEARB TOISH-JEH BARRELC MOASI CATC TLA-GIN COALC BA-GOSHI COWD BE DEERD CHINDI DEVILD LHA-CHA-EH DOGE AH-JAH EARE DZEH ELKE AH-NAH EYEF CHUO FIRF TSA-E-DONIN-EE FLYF MA-E FOXG AH-TAD GIRLG KLIZZIE GOATG JEHA GUMH TSE-GAH HAIRH CHA HATH LIN HORSEI TKIN ICEI YEH-HES ITCHI A-CHI INTESTINEJ TKELE-CHO-G JACKASSJ AH-YA-TSINNE JAWJ YIL-DOI JERKK JAD-HO-LONI KETTLEK BA-AH-NE-DI-TININ KEYK KLIZZIE-YAZZIE KIDL DIBEH-YAZZIE LAMBL AH-JAD LEGL NASH-DOIE-TSO LIONM TSIN-TLITI MATCHM BE-TAS-TNI MIRRORM NA-AS-TSO-SI MOUSEN TSAH NEEDLEN A-CHIN NOSEO A-KHA OILO TLO-CHIN ONIONO NE-AHS-JAH OWLP CLA-GI-AIH PANTP BI-SO-DIH PIGP NE-ZHONI PRETTYQ CA-YEILTH QUIVERR GAH RABBITR DAH-NES-TSA RAMR AH-LOSZ RICES DIBEH SHEEPS KLESH SNAKET D-AH TEAT A-WOH TOOTHT THAN-ZIE TURKEYU SHI-DA UNCLEU NO-DA-IH UTEV A-KEH-DI-GLINI VICTOR W GLOE-IH WEASELX AL-NA-AS-DZOH CROSSY TSAH-AS-ZIH YUCCAZ BESH-DO-TLIZ ZINC

NAMES OF VARIOUSORGANIZATIONS NAVAJO WORD LITERAL TRANSLATIONCORPS DIN-NEH-IH CLANDIVISION ASHIH-HI SALTREGIMENT TABAHA EDGE WATERBATTALION TACHEENE RED SOILCOMPANY NAKIA MEXICANPLATOON HAS-CLISH-NIH MUDSECTION YO-IH BEADSSQUAD DEBEH-LI-ZINI BLACK SHEEP

OFFICERSCOMMANDING GEN. BIH-KEH-HE (G) WAR CHIEFMAJOR GEN. SO-NA-KIH TWO STARBRIGADIER GEN. SO-A-LA-IH ONE STARCOLONEL ATSAH-BESH-LE-GAI SILVER EAGLELT. COLONEL CHE-CHIL-BE-TAH-BESH-LEGAI SILVER OAK LEAFMAJOR CHE-CHIL-BE-TAH-OLA GOLD OAK LEAFCAPTAIN BESH-LEGAI-NAH-KIH TWO SILVER BARSLIEUTENANT BESH-LEGAI-A-LAH-IH ONE SILVER BARCOMMANDING OFFICER HASH-KAY-GI-NA-TAH WAR CHIEFEXECUTIVE OFFICER BIH-DA-HOL-NEHI THOSE IN CHARGE

NAMES OF COUNTRIESAFRICA ZHIN-NI BLACKIESALASKA BEH-HGA WITH WINTERAMERICA NE-HE-MAH OUR MOTHERAUSTRALIA CHA-YES-DESI ROLLED HATBRITAIN TOH-TA BETWEEN WATERSCHINA CEH-YEHS-BESI BRAIDED HAIRFRANCE DA-GHA-HI BEARDGERMANY BESH-BE-CHA-HE IRON HATICELAND TKIN-KE-YAH ICE LANDINDIA AH-LE-GAI WHITE CLOTHESITALY DOH-HA-CHI-YALI-TCHI STUTTERJAPAN BEH-NA-ALI-TSOSIE SLANT EYEPHILIPPINE KE-YAH-DA-NA-LHE FLOATING ISLANDRUSSIA SILA-GOL-CHI-IH RED ARMYSOUTH AMERICA SHA-DE-AH-NE-HI-MAH SOUTH OUR MOTHERSPAIN DEBA-DE-NIH SHEEP PAIN

NAMES OF AIRPLANESPLANES WO-TAH-DE-NE-IH AIR FORCEDIVE BOMBER GINI CHICKEN HAWK TORPEDO PLANE TAS-CHIZZIE SWALLOWOBS. PLAN NE-AS-JAH OWLFIGHTER PLANE DA-HE-TIH-HI HUMMING BIRDBOMBER PLANE JAY-SHO BUZZARDPATROL PLANE GA-GIH CROWTRANSPORT ATSAH EAGLE

NAMES OF SHIPSSHIPS TOH-DINEH-IH SEA FORCEBATTLESHIP LO-TSO WHALEAIRCRAFT TSIDI-MOFFA-YE-HI BIRD CARRIERSUBMARINE BESH-LO IRON FISHMINE SWEEPER CHA BEAVERDESTROYER CA-LO SHARKTRANSPORT DINEH-NAY-YE-HI MAN CARRIERCRUISER LO-TSO-YAZZIE SMALL WHALEMOSQUITO BOAT TSE-E MOSQUITO

NAMES OF MONTHSJANUARY ATSAH-BE-YAZ SMALL EAGLEFEBRUARY WOZ-CHEIND SQUEEKY VOICEMARCH TAH-CHILL SMALL PLANTAPRIL TAH-TSO BIG PLANTMAY TAH-TSOSIE SMALL PLANTJUNE BE-NE-EH-EH-JAH-TSO BIG PLANTINGJULY BE-NE-TA-TSOSIE SMALL HARVESTAUGUST BE-NEEN-TA-TSO BIG HARVESTSEPTEMBER GHAW-JIH HALFOCTOBER NIL-CHI-TSOSIE SMALL WINDNOVEMBER NIL-CHI-TSO BIG WINDDECEMBER YAS-NIL-TES CRUSTED SNOW

VOCABULARYWORD NAVAJO LITERAL TRANSACTIONABANDON YE-TSAN RUN AWAY FROMABOUT WOLA-CHI-A-MOFFA-GAHN ANT FIGHTABREAST WOLA-CHEE-BE-YIED ANT BREASTACCOMPLISH UL-SO ALL DONEACCORDING BE-KA-HO ACCORDING TOACKNOWLEDGE HANOT-DZIED ACKNOWLEDGEACTION AH-HA-TINH PLACE OF ACTIONACTIVITY AH-HA-TINH-Y ACTION ENDING IN YADEQUATE BEH-GHA ENOUGHADDITION IH-HE-DE-NDEL ADDITIONADDRESS YI-CHIN-HA-TSE ADDRESSADJACENT BE-GAHI NEARADJUST HAS-TAI-NEL-KAD ADJUSTADVANCE NAS-SEY AHEADADVISE NA-NETIN ADVISEAERIAL BE-ZONZ STINGERAFFIRMATIVE LANH AFFIRMATIVEAFTER BI-KHA-DI (A) AFTERAGAINST BE-NA-GNISH AGAINSTAID EDA-ELE-TSOOD AIDAIR NILCHI AIRAIRDOME NILCHI-BEGHAN AIRDOMEALERT HA-IH-DES-EE ALERTALL TA-A-TAH (A) ALLALLIES NIH-HI-CHO ALLIESALONG WOLACHEE-SNEZ LONG ANTALSO EH-DO ALSOALTERNATE NA-KEE-GO-NE-NAN-DEY-HE SECOND POSITIONAMBUSH KHAC-DA AMBUSHAMMUNITION BEH-ELI-DOH-BE-CAH-ALI-TAS-AI AMMUNITIONAMPHIBIOUS CHAL FROGAND DO ANDANGLE DEE-CAHN SLANTINGANNEX IH-NAY-TANI ADDITIONANNOUNCE BEH-HA-O-DZE ANNOUNCEANTI WOL-LA-CHEE-TSIN ANT ICEANTICIPATE NI-JOL-LIH ANTICIPATEANY TAH-HA-DAH ANYAPPEAR YE-KA-HA-YA APPEARAPPROACH BI-CHI-OL-DAH APPROACHAPPROXIMATE TO-KUS-DAN APPROXIMATEARE GAH-TSO BIG RABBITAREA HAZ-A-GIH AREAARMOR BESH-YE-HA-DA-DI-TEH IRON PROTECTORARMY LEI-CHA-IH-YIL-KNEE-IH ARMYARRIVE IL-DAY ARRIVEARTILLERY BE-AL-DOH-TSO-LANI MANY BIG GUNSAS AHCE ASASSAULT ALTSEH-E-JAH-HE FIRST STRIKERASSEMBLE DE-JI-KASH BUNCH TOGETHERASSIGN BAH-DEH-TAHN ASSIGNAT AH-DI ATATTACK AL-TAH-JE-JAY ATTACKATTEMPT BO-O-NE-TAH (A) TRYATTENTION GIHA ATTENTIONAUTHENTICATOR HANI-BA-AH-HO-ZIN KNOW ABOUT AUTHORIZE BE-BO-HO-SNEE AUTHORIZEAVAILABLE TA-SHOZ-TEH-IH AVAILABLE

BAGGAGE KLAILH (B) BAGGAGEBANZAI NE-TAH FOOL THEMBARGE BESH-NA-ELT BARGEBARRAGE BESH-BA-WA-CHIND BARRAGEBARRIER BIH-CHAN-NI-AH IN THE WAYBASE BIH-TSEE-DIH BASEBATTERY BIH-BE-AL-DOH-TKA-IH THREE GUNSBATTLE DA-AH-HI-DZI-TSIO BATTLEBAY TOH-AH-HI-GHINH BAYBAZOOKA AH-ZHOL BAZOOKABE TSES-NAH BEEBEACH TAH-BAHN (B) BEACHBEEN TSES-NAH-NES-CHEE BEE NUTBEFORE BIH-TSE-DIH BEFOREBEGIN HA-HOL-ZIZ COMMENCE FROMBELONG TSES-NAH-SNEZ LONG BEEBETWEEN BI-TAH-KIZ BETWEENBEYOND BILH-LA DI DOWN BELOWBIVOUAC EHL-NAS-TEH BRUSH SHELTERBOMB A-YE-SHI EGGSBOOBY TRAP DINEH-BA-WHOA-BLEHI MAN TRAPBORNE YE-CHIE-TSAH BORN ELKBOUNDARY KA-YAH-BI-NA-HAS-DZOH(B) BOUNDARYBULL DOZER DOLA-ALTH-WHOSH BULL SLEEPBUNKER TSAS-KA SANDY HOLLOWBUT NEH-DIH BUTBY BE-GHA BY

CABLE BESH-LKOH WIRE ROPECALIBER NAHL-KIHD MOVE AROUNDCAMP TO-ALTSEH-HOGAN TEMPORARY PLACECAMOUFLAGE DI-NES-IH HIDCAN YAH-DI-ZINI CANCANNONEER BE-AL-DOH-TSO-DEY-DIL-DON-IGI BIG GUN OPERATORCAPACITY BE-NEL-AH CAPACITYCAPTURE YIS-NAH CAPTURECARRY YO-LAILH CARRYCASE BIT-SAH CASECASUALTY BIH-DIN-NE-DEY PUT OUT OF ACTIONCAUSE BI-NIH-NANI CAUSECAVE TSA-OND ROCK CAVECEILING DA-TEL-JAY SEALCEMETARY JISH-CHA AMONG DEVILSCENTER ULH-NE-IH CENTERCHANGE THLA-GO-A-NAT-ZAH CHANGECHANNEL HA-TALHI-YAZZIE SMALL SINGERCHARGE AH-TAH-GI-JAH CHARGECHEMICAL TA-NEE ALKALICIRCLE NAS-PAS CIRCLECIRCUIT AH-HEH-HA-DAILH CIRCUITCLASS ALTH-AH-A-TEH CLASSCLEAR YO-AH-HOL-ZHOD CLEARCLIFF TSE-YE-CHEE CLIFFCLOSE UL-CHI-UH-NAL-YAH CLOSECOAST GUARD TA-BAS-DSISSI SHORE RUNNERCODE YIL-TAS PECKCOLON NAKI-ALH--DEH-DA-AL-ZHIN TWO SPOTSCOLUMN ALTH-KAY-NE-ZIH COLUMNCOMBAT DA-AH-HI-JIH-GANH FIGHTINGCOMBINATION AL-TKAS-EI MIXEDCOME HUC-QUO COMECOMMA TSA-NA-DAHL TAIL DROPCOMMERCIAL NAI-EL-NE-HI COMMERCIALCOMMIT HUC-QUO-LA-JISH COME GLOVECOMMUNICATION HA-NEH-AL-ENJI MAKING TALKCONCEAL BE-KI-ASZ-JOLE CONCEALCONCENTRATION TA-LA-HI-JIH ONE PLACECONCUSSION WHE-HUS-DIL CONCUSSIONCONDITION AH-HO-TAI HOW IT ISCONFERENCE BE-KE-YA-TI TALK OVERCONFIDENTIAL NA-NIL-IN KEPT SECRETCONFIRM TA-A-NEH MAKE SURECONQUER A-KEH-DES-DLIN WONCONSIDER NE-TSA-CAS THINK IT OVERCONSIST BILH (C) CONSISTCONSOLIDATE AH-HIH-HI-NIL PUT TOGETHERCONSTRUCT AHL-NEH TO MAKECONTACT AH-HI-DI-DAIL COME TOGETHERCONTINUE TA-YI-TEH CONTINUE CONTROL NAI-GHIZ CONTROLCONVOY TKAL-KAH-O-NEL MOVING ON WATERCOORDINATE BEH-EH-HO-ZIN-NA-AS-DZOH KNOWN LINESCOUNTER ATTACK WOLTAH-AL-KI-GI-JEH COUNTER ACTCOURSE CO-JI-GOH COURSECRAFT AH-TOH NESTCREEK TOH-NIL-TSANH VERY LITTLE WATERCROSS AL-N-AS-DZOH CROSSCUB SHUSH-YAHZ CUB

DASH US-DZOH DASHDAWN HA-YELI-KAHN DAWN DEFENSE AH-KIN-CIL-TOH DEFENSE DEGREE NAHL-KIHD DEGREE DELAY BE-SITIHN DEER LAYDELIVER BE-BIH-ZIHDE DEER LIVERDEMOLITION AH-DEEL-TAHI BLOW UPDENSE HO-DILH-CLA (D) WET DEPART DA-DE-YAH DEPARTDEPARTMENT HOGAN DEPARTMENTDESIGNATE YE-KHI-DEL-NEI POINT OUT DESPERATE AH-DA-AH-HO-DZAH DOWN TO LAST DETACH AL-CHA-NIL DETACHEDDETAIL BE-BEH-SHA DEER TAILDETONATOR AH-DEEL-TAHI (OR) BLOWN UP DIFFICULT NA-NE-KLAH DIFFICULTDIG IN LE-EH-GADE DIG INDIRECT AH-JI-GO DIRECTDISEMBARK EH-HA-JAY GET OUTDISPATCH LA-CHAI-EN-SEIS-BE-JAY DOG IS PATCH DISPLACE HIH-DO-NAL MOVEDISPLAY BE-SEIS-NA-NEH DEER IS PLAY DISPOSITION A-HO-TEY DISPOSITIONDISTRIBUTE NAH-NEH DISTRIBUTEDISTRICT BE-THIN-YA-NI-CHE DEER ICE STRICTDO TSE-LE SMALL PUPDOCUMENT BEH-EH-HO-ZINZ DOCUMENTDRIVE AH-NOL-KAHL DRIVEDUD DI-GISS-YAHZIE SMALL DUMMY DUMMY DI-GISS-TSO BIG DUMMY

EACH TA-LAHI-NE-ZINI-GO (D) EACH ECHELON WHO-DZAH LINEEDGE BE-BA-HI EDGEEFFECTIVE BE-DELH-NEED EFFECTIVE EFFORT YEA-GO WITH ALL YOUR MIGHTELEMENT AH-NA-NAI TROOP REPRESENTING OTHERS ELEVATE ALI-KHI-HO-NE-OHA ELEVATEELIMINATE HA-BEH-TO-DZIL ELIMINATEEMBARK EH-HO-JAY GET ONEMERGENCY HO-NEZ-CLA EMERGENCYEMPLACEMENT LA-AZ-NIL EMPLACEMENTENCIRCLE YE-NAS-TEH (E) ENCIRCLEENCOUNTER BI-KHANH GO AGAINSTENGAGE A-HA-NE-HO-TA AGREEDENGINE CHIDI-BI-TSI-TSINE (E) ENGINEENGINEER DAY-DIL-JAH-HE ENGINEERENLARGE NIH-TSA-GOH-AL-NEH MAKE BIGENLIST BIH-ZIH-A-DA-YI-LAH ENLISTENTIRE TA-A-TAH (E) ENTIREENTRENCH E-GAD-AH-NE-LIH MAKE DITCHENVELOP A-ZAH-GI-YA ENVELOPEQUIPMENT YA-HA-DE-TAHI EQUIPMENTERECT YEH-ZIHN STAND UPESCAPE A-ZEH-HA-GE-YAH ESCAPEESTABLISH HAS-TAY-DZAH ESTABLISHESTIMATE BIH-KE-TSE-HOD-DES-KEZ ESTIMATEEVACUATE HA-NA EVACUATEEXCEPT NEH-DIH (E) EXCEPTEXCEPT NA-WOL-NE EXPECTEXCHANGE ALH-NAHL-YAH EXCHANGEEXECUTE A-DO-NIL EXECUTEEXPLOSIVE AH-DEL-TAHI (E) EXPLOSIVEEXPEDITE SHIL-LOH (E) SPEED UPEXTEND NE-TDALE MAKE WIDEEXTREME AL-TSAN-AH-BAHM EACH END

FAIL CHA-AL-EIND FAILFAILURE YEES-GHIN FAILUREFARM MAI-BE-HE-AHGAN FOX ARMFEED DZEH-CHI-YON FEEDFIELD CLO-DIH (F) FIELDFIERCE TOH-BAH-HA-ZSID AFRAIDFILE BA-EH-CHEZ FILEFINAL TAH-AH-KWO-DIH THAT IS ALLFLAME THROWER COH-AH-GHIL-TLID FLAME THROWERFLANK DAH-DI-KAD FLANKFLARE WO-CHI LIGHT STREAKFLIGHT MA-E-AS-ZLOLI FOX LIGHTFORCE TA-NA-NE-LADI WITHOUT CAREFORM BE-CHA FORMFORMATION BE-CHA-YE-LAILH FORMATIONFORTIFICATION AH-NA-SOZI CLIFF DWELLINGFORTIFY AH-NA-SOZI-YAZZIE SMALL FORTIFICATIONFORWARD TEHI LET'S GOFRAGMENTATION BESH-YAZZIE SMALL METALFREQUENCY HA-TALHI-TSO BIG SINGERFRIENDLY NEH-HECHO-DA-NE FRIENDLYFROM BI-TSAN-DEHN FROMFURNISH YEAS-NIL (F) FURNISHFURTHER WO-NAS-DI FURTHER

GARRISON YAH-A-DA-HAL-YON-IH TAKE CARE OFGASOLINE CHIDI-BI-TOH GASOLINEGRENADE NI-MA-SI POTATOESGUARD NI-DIH-DA-HI GUARDGUIDE NAH-E-THLAI GUIDE

HALL LHI-TA-A-TA HORSE ALLHALF TRACK ALH-NIH-JAH-A-QUHE RACE TRACKHALT TA-AKWAI-I HALTHANDLE BET-SEEN HANDLEHAVE JO HAVEHEADQUARTER NA-HA-TAH-TA-BA-HOGAN HEADQUARTERHELD WO-TAH-TA-EH-DAHN-OH HELD (PAST TENSE)HIGH WO-TAH HIGHHIGH EXPLOSIVE BE-AL-DOH-BE-CA-BIH-DZIL-IGI POWERFUL SHELLHIGHWAY WO-TAH-HO-NE-TEH HIGH WAYHOLD WO-TKANH HOLD HOSPITAL A-ZEY-AL-IH PLACE OF MEDICINEHOSTILE A-NAH-NE-DZIN NOT FRIENDLYHOWITZER BE-EL-DON-TS-QUODI SHORT BIG GUN

ILLUMINATE WO-CHI (I) LIGHT UPIMMEDIATELY SHIL-LOH (I) IMMEDIATELYIMPACT A-HE-DIS-GOH IMPACTIMPORTANT BA-HAS-TEH IMPORTANTIMPROVE HO-DOL-ZHOND IMPROVEINCLUDE EL-TSOD INCLUDEINCREASE HO-NALH INCREASEINDICATE BA-HAL-NEH TELL ABOUTINFANTRY TA-NEH-NAL-DAHI INFANTRYINFILTRATE YE-GHA-NE-JEH WENT THROUGHINITIAL BEH-ED-DE-DLID BRANDINSTALL EHD-TNAH INSTALLINSTALLATION NAS-NIL IN PLACEINSTRUCT NA-NE-TGIN TEACHINTELLIGENCE HO-YA (I) SMARTINTENSE DZEEL STRENGTH INTERCEPT YEL-NA-ME-JAH INTERCEPTINTERFERE AH-NILH-KHLAI INTERFEREINTERPRET AH-TAH-HA-NE INTERPRETINVESTIGATE NA-ALI-KA TRACKINVOLVE A-TAH INVOLVOEIS SEIS SEVENISLAND SEIS-KEYAH SEVEN ISLANDISOLATE BIH-TSA-NEL-KAD SEPERATE

JUNGLE WOH-DI-CHIL JUNGLE

KILL NAZ-TSAID KILLKILOCYCLE NAS-TSAID-A-KHA-AH-YEH- KILL OIL GO AROUND HA-DILH

LABOR NA-NISH (L) LABORLAND KAY-YAH LANDLAUNCH TKA-GHIL-ZHOD LAUNCHLEADER AH-NA-GHAI LEADERLEAST DE-BE-YAZIE-HA-A-AH LAMB FEAST LEAVE DAH-DE-YAH HE LEFTLEFT NISH-CLA-JIH-GOH LEFTLESS BI-OH (L) LESSLEVEL DIL-KONH LEVELLIAISON DA-A-HE-GI-ENEH KNOW OTHER'S ACTIONLIMIT BA-HAS-AH LIMITLITTER NI-DAS-TON (L) SCATTERLOCATE A-KWE-EH SPOTLOSS UT-DIN LOSS

MACHINE GUN A-KNAH-AS-DONIH RAPID FIRE GUNMAGNETIC NA-E-LAHI PICK UPMANAGE HASTNI-BEH-NA-HAI MAN AGEMANEUVER NA-NA-O-NALTH MOVING AROUNDMAP KAH-YA-NESH-CHAI MAPMAXIMUM BEL-DIL-KHON FILL TO TOPMECHANIC CHITI-A-NAYL-INIH AUTO REPAIRMANMECHANIZED CHIDI-DA-AH-HE-GONI FIGHTING CARSMEDICAL A-ZAY MEDICINEMEGACYCLE MIL-AH-HEH-AH-DILH MILLION GO AROUNDMERCHANT SHIP NA-EL-NEHI-TSIN-NA-AILH MERCHANT SHIPMESSAGE HANE-AL-NEH MESSAGEMILITARY SILAGO-KEH-GOH MILITARYMILLIMETER NA-AS-TSO-SI-A-YE-DO-TISH DOUBLE MOUSEMINE HA-GADE MINEMINIMUM BE-OH (M) MINIMUMMINUTE AH-KHAY-EL-KIT-YAZZIE LITTLE HOURMISSION AL-NESHODI MISSIONMISTAKE O-ZHI MISSMOPPING HA-TAO-DI MOPPINGMORE THLA-NA-NAH MOREMORTAR BE-AL-DOH-CID-DA-HI SITTING GUNMOTION NA-HOT-NAH MOTIONMOTOR CHIDE-BE-TSE-TSEN CAR HEAD

NATIVE KA-HA-TENI NATIVENAVY TAL-KAH-SILAGO SEA SOLDIERNECESSARY YE-NA-ZEHN WANTNEGATIVE DO-YA-SHO-DA NO GOODNET NA-NES-DIZI NETNEUTRAL DO-NEH-LINI NEUTRALNORMAL DOH-A-TA-H-DAH NORMALNOT NI-DAH-THAN-ZIE NO TURKEYNOTICE NE-DA-TAZI-THIN NO TURKEY ICENOW KUT NOWNUMBER BEH-BIH-KE-AS-CHINIGH WHAT'S WRITTEN

OBJECTIVE BI-NE-YEI GOALOBSERVE HAL-ZID OBSERVEOBSTACLE DA-HO-DESH-ZHA OBSTACLEOCCUPY YEEL-TSOD TAKENOF TOH-NI-TKAL-LO OCEAN FISHOFFENSIVE BIN-KIE-JINH-JIH-DEZ-JAY OFFENSIVE ONCE TA-LAI-DI ONCEONLY TA-EI-TAY-A-YAH ONLYOPERATE YE-NAHL-NISH WORK ATOPPORTUNITY ASH-GA-ALIN OPPORTUNITYOPPOSITION NE-HE-TSAH-JIH-SHIN OPPOSITION OR EH-DO-DAH-GOH EITHERORANGE TCHIL-LHE-SOI ORANGEORDER BE-EH-HO-ZINI ORDERORDNANCE LEI-AZ-JAH UNDER GROUNDORIGINATE DAS-TEH-DO BEGINOTHER LA-E-CIH OTHEROUT CLO-DIH OUT SIDEOVERLAY BE-KA-HAS-TSOZ OVERLAY

PARENTHESIS ATSANH RIBPARTICULAR A-YO-AD-DO-NEH PARTICULARPARTY DA-SHA-JAH PARTYPAY NA-ELI-YA PAYPENALIZE TAH-NI-DES-TANH SET BACKPERCENT YAL MONEYPERIOD DA-AHL-ZHIN PERIODPERIODIC DA-AL-ZHIN-THIN-MOASI PERIOD ICE CATPERMIT GOS-SHI-E PERMITPERSONNEL DA-NE-LEI MEMBERPHOTOGRAPH BEH-CHI-MA-HAD-NIL PHOTOGRAPH PILL BOX BI-SO-DIH-DOT-SAHI-BI-TSAH SICK PIG BOX PINNED DOWN BIL-DAH-HAS-TANH-YA PINNED DOWNPLANE TSIDI BIRD PLASMA DIL-DI-GHILI PLASMAPOINT BE-SO-DE-DEZ-AHE PIG POINTPONTOON TKOSH-JAH-DA-NA-ELT FLOATING BARRELPOSITION BILH-HAS-AHN POSITIONPOSSIBLE TA-HA-AH-TAY POSSIBLEPOST SAH-DEI POSTPREPARE HASH-TAY-HO-DIT-NE PREPAREPRESENT KUT PRESENTPREVIOUS BIH-TSE-DIH PREVIOUSPRIMARY ALTSEH-NAN-DAY-HI-GIH 1ST POSTIONPRIORITY HANE-PESODI PRIORITYPROBABLE DA-TSI PROBABLEPROBLEM NA-NISH-TSOH BIG JOBPROCEED NAY-NIH-JIH GOPROGRESS NAH-SAI PROGRESSPROTECT AH-CHANH SELF DEFENSEPROVIDE YIS-NIL PROVIDEPURPLE DINL-CHI PURPLEPYROTECHNIC COH-NA-CHANH FANCY FIRE

QUESTION AH-JAH EARQUICK SHIL-LOH QUICK

RADAR ESAT-TSANH (R) LISTEN RAID DEZJAY RAID RAILHEAD A-DE-GEH-HI SHIPPING POINTRAILROAD KONH-NA-AL-BANSI-BI-THIN RAILROAD RALLYING A-LAH-NA-O-GLALIH GATHERING RANGE AN-ZAH DISTANCERATE GAH-EH-YAHN RABBIT ATERATION NA-A-JAH RATIONRAVINE CHUSH-KA (R) RAVINEREACH IL-DAY (R) REACHREADY KUT (R) READYREAR BE-KA-DENH (R) REARRECEIPT SHOZ-TEH RECEIPTRECOMMEND CHE-HO-TAI-TAHN RECOMMEND RECONNAISSANCE HA-A-CIDI INSPECTORRECONNOITER TA-HA-NE-AL-YA MAKE SURERECORD GAH-AH-NAH-KLOLI R-E-ROPERED LI-CHI REDREEF TSA-ZHIN BLACK ROCKREEMBARK EH-NA-COH GO INREFIRE NA-NA-COH REFIREREGULATE NA-YEL-N REGULATEREINFORCE NAL-DZIL REINFORCERELIEF AGANH-TOL-JAY RELIEFRELIEVE NAH-JIH-CO-NAL-YA REMOVEREORGANIZE HA-DIT-ZAH REORGANIZEREPLACEMENT NI-NA-DO-NIL REPLACEMENTREPORT WHO-NEH GOT WORDREPRESENTATIVE TKA-NAZ-NILI TRIPLE MEN REQUEST JO-KAYED-GOH ASK FORRESERVE HESH-J-E RESERVERESTRICT BA-HO-CHINI RESTRICTRETIRE AH-HOS-TEEND RETIRERETREAT JI-DIN-NES-CHANH RETREATRETURN NA-DZAH CAME BACKREVEAL WHO-NEH (L) REVEALREVERT NA-SI-YIZ TURN ABOUTREVETMENT BA-NAS-CLA (R) CORNER RIDGE GAH-GHIL-KEID RABBIT RIDGERIFLEMAN BE-AL-DO-HOSTEEN RIFLEMENRIVER TOH-YIL-KAL MUCH WATERROBOT BOMB A-YE-SHI-NA-TAH-IH EGG FLYROCKET LESZ-YIL-BESHI SAND BOILROLL YEH-MAS ROLLROUND NAZ-PAS (R) ROUNDROUTE GAH-BIH-TKEEN RABBIT TRAILRUNNER NIH-DZID-TEIH RUNNER

SABOTAGE A-TKEL-YAH HINDEREDSABOTEUR A-TKEL-EL-INI TROUBLE MAKERSAILOR CHA-LE-GAI WHITE CAPSSALVAGE NA-HAS-GLAH PICK THEM UPSAT BIH-LA-SANA-CID-DA-HI APPLE SITTINGSCARLET, RED LHE-CHI (S & R) REDSCHEDULE BEH-EH-HO-ZINI SCHEDULESCOUT HA-A-SID-AL-SIZI-GIH SHORT RACOONSCREEN BESH-NA-NES-DIZI SCREENSEAMAN TKAL-KAH-DINEH-IH SEAMAN SECRET BAH-HAS-TKIH SECRETSECTOR YOEHI (S) SECTORSECURE YE-DZHE-AL-TSISI SMALL SECURITYSEIZE YEEL-STOD SEIZESELECT BE-TAH-HAS-GLA TOOK OUTSEMI COLON DA-AHL-ZHIN-BI-TSA-NA-DAHL DOT DROP SET DZEH-CID-DA-HI ELK SITTINGSHACKLE DI-BAH-NESH-GOHZ SHACKLESHELL BE-AL-DOH-BE-CA SHELL SHORE TAH-BAHN (S) SHORESHORT BOSH-KEESH SHORTSIDE BOSH-KEESH SIDESIGHT YE-EL-TSANH SEENSIGNAL NA-EH-EH-GISH BY SIGNSSIMPLEX ALAH-IH-NE-TIH INNER WIRESIT TKIN-CID-DA-HI ICE SITTING SITUATE A-HO-TAY (S) SITUATESMOKE LIT SMOKESNIPER OH-BEHI PICK 'EM OFFSPACE BE-TKAH BETWEENSPECIAL E-YIH-SIH MAIN THINGSPEED YO-ZONS SWIFT MOTIONSPORADIC AH-NA-HO-NEIL NOW AND THENSPOTTER EEL-TSAY-I SPOTTER SPRAY KLESH-SO-DILZIN SNAKE PRAY SQUADRON NAH-GHIZI SQUASHSTORM NE-OL STORMSTRAFF NA-WO-GHI-GOID HOESTRAGGLER CHY-NE-DE-DAHE STRAGGLERSTRATEGY NA-HA-TAH (S) STRATEGYSTREAM TOH-NI-LIH RUNNING WATERSTRENGTH DZHEL STRENGTHSTRETCH DESZ-TSOOD STRETCHSTRIKE NAY-DAL-GHAL STRIKESTRIP HA-TIH-JAH STRIPSTUBBORN NIL-TA STUBBORNSUBJECT NA-NISH-YAZZIE SMALL JOBSUBMERGE TKAL-CLA-YI-YAH WENT UNDER WATERSUBMIT A-NIH-LEH SENDSUBORDINATE AL-KHI-NAL-DZL HELPING EACH OTHERSUCCEED YAH-TAY-GO-E-ELAH MAKE GOODSUCCESS UT-ZAH IT IS DONESUCCESSFUL UT-ZAH-HA-DEZ-BIN IT IS DONE WELLSUCCESSIVE UT-ZAH-SID SUCCESS SCARSUCH YIS-CLEH SOXSUFFER TO-HO-NE SUFFERSUMMARY SHIN-GO-BAH SUMMER MARYSUPPLEMENTARY TKA-GO-NE-NAN-DEY-HE 3RD POSITIONSUPPLY NAL-YEH-HI SUPPLYSUPPLY SHIP NALGA-HI-TSIN-NAH-AILH SUPPLY SHIPSUPPORT BA-AH-HOT-GLI DEPENDSURRENDER NE-NA-CHA SURRENDERSURROUND NAZ-PAS (S) SURROUNDSURVIVE YIS-DA-YA SURVIVESYSTEM DI-BA-TSA-AS-ZHI-BI-TSIN SYSTEM

TACTICAL E-CHIHN TACTICALTAKE GAH-TAHN TAKETANK CHAY-DA-GAHI TORTOISETANK DESTROYER CHAY-DA-GAHI-NAIL-TSAIDI TORTOISE KILLERTARGET WOL-DONI TARGETTASK TAZI-NA-EH-DIL-KID TURKEY ASKTEAM DEH-NA-AS-TSO-SI TEA MOUSETERRACE ALI-KHI-HO-NE-OHA (T) TERRACETERRAIN TASHI-NA-HAL-THIN TURKEY RAINTERRITORY KA-YAH (T) TERRITORYTHAT TAZI-CHA TURKEY HATTHE CHA-GEE BLUE-JAYTHEIR BIH THEIRTHEREAFTER TA-ZI-KWA-I-BE-KA-DI TURKEY HERE AFTERTHESE CHA-GI-O-EH THE SEETHEY CHA-GEE (Y) THE YTHIS DI THETOGETHER TA-BILH TOGETHERTORPEDO LO-BE-CA FISH SHELLTOTAL TA-AL-SO TOTALTRACER BEH-NA-AL-KAH-HI TRACERTRAFFIC DIAGRAM HANE-BA-NA-AS-DZOH DIAGRAM STORY LINETRAIN COH-NAI-ALI-BAHN-SI TRAINTRANSPORTATION A-HAH-DA-A-CHA TRANSPORTATIONTRENCH E-GADE TRENCHTRIPLE TKA-IH TRIPLETROOP NAL-DEH-HI TROOPTRUCK CHIDO-TSO BIG AUTOTYPE ALTH-AH-A-TEH TYPE

UNDER BI-YAH UNDER UNIDENTIFIED DO-BAY-HOSEN-E UNIDENTIFIEDUNIT DA-AZ-JAH (U) UNIT UNSHACKLE NO-DA-EH-NESH-GOHZ UNSHACKLEUNTIL UH-QUO-HO UNTIL

VICINITY NA-HOS-AH-GIH THERE ABOUTVILLAGE CHAH-HO-OH-LHAN-IH MANY SHELTERVISIBILITY NAY-ES-TEE VISIBILITYVITAL TA-EH-YE-SY VITAL

WARNING BILH-HE-NEH (W) WARNINGWAS NE-TEH WASWATER TKOH WATERWAVE YILH-KOLH WAVEWEAPON BEH-DAH-A-HI-JIH-GANI FIGHTING WEAPONWELL TO-HA-HA-DLAY WELLWHEN GLOE-EH-NA-AH-WO-HAI WEASEL HENWHERE GLOE-IH-QUI-AH WEASEL HEREWHICH GLOE-IH-A-HSI-TLON WEASEL TIED TOGETHERWILL GLOE-IH-DOT-SAHI SICK WEASELWIRE BESH-TSOSIE SMALL WIREWITH BILH (W) WITHWITHIN BILH-BIGIH WITH INWITHOUT TA-GAID WITHOUTWOOD CHIZ FIRE WOODWOUND CAH-DA-KHI WOUND

YARD A-DEL-TAHL YARD

ZONE BIH-NA-HAS-DZOH ZONE

G. Japanese Americans 1. 100,000 interned because of anti-Japanese sentiment on the West Coast, fear of potential threat to the U.S. security, politicians and farmers hoped to get landholdings, and Californians were concerned with sabotage. 2. Roosevelt claimed it was militarily necessary. 3. Japanese-Americans volunteered to fight in Europe.

Constitutional rights: of Japanese Americans were suspended duringwar .internment camps: Japanese Americans and Japanese were rounded up and put in camps because of their ethnic background (110,000) as well as fear of sabotage and anti-Japanese sentimentU.S. Supreme Court: upheld the Constitutionality of the internments.

CAMP LOCATIONS:

Arizona, California, Utah, Idaho, Colorado, Wyoming

MA IN

ST.

Tri-StateHigh School

Japanese Americans: soldiers in the war had the most decorated unit in the war. Over the course of the war, about 18,500 soldiers served in the 100th/442nd. The unit earned over 18,000 individual decorations, including 9,486 Purple Hearts,12 French Croix de Guerre, 560 silver Stars and 4,000 Bronze Stars. The soldiers' actions also earned seven Presidential Unit Citations, the nation's top award for combat units. Roughly 25,000 Japanese-Americans served in World War II

Changes in SocietyAP Ch. 27B (878-886 )

The student will understand the changes in society for the various groups.

AL COS #11 & 12