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7/24/2019 CHAP 2 FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION.pdf
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Topic 2 : FrequencyDistribution
Associate Professor Dr. Zaleha Binti IsmailSiti Nurashiken Binti Md. Sabudin
Statistic for EducationalResearch
MPU1!"
7/24/2019 CHAP 2 FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION.pdf
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Regular frequency distributionGrouped FrequencyDistributions
HistogramPolygons
InterpolationPercentile rank
Percentile
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Frequency Distributions
Descriptive statistical techniques should be
performed by the researcher after collectingdata to organize the data in order to get ageneral picture of the results
! frequency distribution is a method fororganizing the data
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Frequency Distributions "#$Frequency distribution is a summary of
data that sho%s frequency or numbersaccording to the scale of measurement! frequency distributionis the distributionof values that provide an overvie% of the
sample
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Frequency Distribution &ables&he table has t%o columns'Column Xrepresent list of categories on a scale
of measurement "($
)olumn Y to represent the numbers of frequencyof each (
&he sum of the frequencies should be equal to *+sample size
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Frequency Distribution &ables "#$
,ther columns can be added-&he third column represent the proportion "p$
for each category' p . f/* &he sum of the pcolumn must be equal to 011&he fourth column represent percentage
distribution that correspond to each value of (&he percentage is obtained by multiplying p by011 &he total percentage is 011
7/24/2019 CHAP 2 FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION.pdf
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Regular Frequency Distribution
! regular frequency distribution table listall the ( values
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Grouped Frequency Distribution2ometimes the set of score has a long listof ( values + so it should be simplified by
using a grouped frequency distributiontableIn this table+ ( column called as classintervals+ not individual values
)lass intervals should be in the samerange such as #+ 3+ 01 and etc
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Frequency Distribution Graphs
! frequency distribution graph have scorecategories "( values$ on the ( a4is and the
frequencies on the 5 a4is&he shape of graph depend on the scorecategories6hen the scores are of an interval or ratio
scale+ the graph %ill be a histogramor apolygon
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Histograms
! histogram consists of tabularfrequencies+ sho%n as ad7acent rectangles+
erected %ith an area equal to the frequencyof the observations in the interval &heheight of a rectangle is also equal to thefrequency density of the interval &he totalarea of the histogram is equal to the numberof data
7/24/2019 CHAP 2 FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION.pdf
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1 2 ! " $
$
1
1$
2
2$
UPSR Result
Number of As
Frequency
( f
3 0#
8 01
9 #1
# 03
0 0#
00 : 08 03;0< #1;#8 #3;#< 91;98 93;9< 81;88
1
3
01
03
#1
#3
!ge of 2tudents in !=> ?ath )lass
!ge
*ood
2tudents
( f
81;88 8
93;9< @
91;98 01
#3;#< #1
#1;#8 03
03;0< 09
Histograms "#$
7/24/2019 CHAP 2 FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION.pdf
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Polygons
1 0 # 9 8 3 A B
1
3
01
03
#1
#3
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1 0 # 9 8 3 A B @ nglish !rts
1
#
8
A
@
01
0#
2tudentsC Favourite 2ub7ect
2ub7ect
*oof2tudents
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Relatif frequency is appropriate to dispalyfrequency distribution for large population
Relative frequency
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Relative frequency "#$
Graduated *on; Graduated
&eachersC Population
ualification
*o
ofteachers
C111
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2mooth curve
1 01 #1 91 81 31 33 A1 B1 @1
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2mooth curve
Symmetrical Distribution
Skewed Distribution
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Percentiles and Percentile Ranks+
and Interpolation&he relative location of score can beidentified by percentiles and percentile
ranks&he percentile rank for a score is thepercentage of individual %ith scores equal to
or less than the score&he particular score is referred as apercentile
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)lass Frequency )umulative Frequency )umulative E
!rif 83 83 ##3E
=estari 81 @3 8#3E
)emerlang 9@ 0#9 A03E
Dinamik 81 0A9 @03E
>lit 9B #11 011E
Percentiles and Percentile Ranks+and Interpolation
What is the !th"ercentile#
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Percentiles and Percentile Ranks+and Interpolation "#$
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Percentiles and Percentile Ranks+and Interpolation