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The 8051 Microcontroller and Embedded Systems
CHAPTER 0
INTRODUCTION TO
COMPUTING
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Before you can drive the Robotic Car, you must
pass your HW Code Test then your PDL.
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OBJECTIVES
Convert any number from base 2, base 10, or base 16 to either of the other two bases
Add and subtract hex numbers
Add binary numbers
Represent any binary number in 2's complement
Represent an alphanumeric string in ASCII code
Describe logical operations AND, OR, NOT, XOR, NAND, NOR
Use logic gates to diagram simple circuits
Explain the difference between a bit, a nibble, a byte, and a word
Give precise mathematical definitions of the terms kilobyte, megabyte, gigabyte, and terabyte.
Explain the difference between RAM and ROM and describe their use
Describe the purpose of the major components of a computer system
List the three types of buses found in computers and describe the purpose of each type of bus
Describe the role of the CPU in computer systems
List the major components of CPU and describe the purpose of each
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SECTION 0.2: DIGITAL PRIMER
Binary logic
Figure 0–2 Binary Signals
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SECTION 0.2: DIGITAL PRIMER
Logic gates
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SECTION 0.2: DIGITAL PRIMER
Logic design using gates
Figure 0–3 Two Implementations of a Half-Adder
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SECTION 0.2: DIGITAL PRIMER
Figure 0–4 Block Diagram of a Half-Adder
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SECTION 0.2: DIGITAL PRIMER
Figure 0–5 Full-Adder Built from a Half-Adder
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SECTION 0.2: DIGITAL PRIMER
Figure 0–6 3-Bit Adder Using 3 Full-Adders
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SECTION 0.2: DIGITAL PRIMER
Figure 0–7 Address Decoders
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SECTION 0.2: DIGITAL PRIMER
Figure 0–8 D Flip-Flops
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SECTION 0.3: INSIDE THE COMPUTER
Some important terminology
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SECTION 0.3: INSIDE THE COMPUTER
Internal organization of computers
Figure 0–9 Inside the Computer
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SECTION 0.3: INSIDE THE COMPUTER
More about the data bus
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SECTION 0.3: INSIDE THE COMPUTER
More about the address bus
Figure 0–10 Internal Organization of Computers
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SECTION 0.3: INSIDE THE COMPUTER
Inside CPUs
Figure 0–11 Internal Block Diagram of a CPU
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SECTION 0.3: INSIDE THE COMPUTER
Internal working of computers
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Next …
Lecture Problems Textbook Chapter 0
– Answer as many questions as you can and
submit via MeL before the end of the lecture.
(HINT: Do the easy questions first)
Proteus Exercise Textbook Chapter 0
– Do as much of the Proteus exercise as you can
and submit via MeL before the end of the lecture.
