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7/31/2019 Chap0 Introduction to Computing
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The 8051 Microcontroller andEmbedded Systems
CHAPTER 0
INTRODUCTION TO
COMPUTING
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Before you can drive the Robotic Car, you must
pass your HW Code Test then your PDL.
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OBJECTIVES
l Convert any number from base 2, base 10, or base 16 to either of the other two basesl Add and subtract hex numbersl Add binary numbersl Represent any binary number in 2's complementl
Represent an alphanumeric string in ASCII codel Describe logical operations AND, OR, NOT, XOR, NAND, NORl Use logic gates to diagram simple circuitsl Explain the difference between a bit, a nibble, a byte, and a wordl Give precise mathematical definitions of the terms kilobyte, megabyte, gigabyte, and
terabyte.
l Explain the difference between RAM and ROM and describe their usel Describe the purpose of the major components of a computer systeml List the three types of buses found in computers and describe the purpose of each type of
bus
l Describe the role of the CPU in computer systemsl List the major components of CPU and describe the purpose of each
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SECTION 0.2: DIGITAL PRIMER
l Binary logic
Figure 02 Binary Signals
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SECTION 0.2: DIGITAL PRIMER
l Logic gates
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SECTION 0.2: DIGITAL PRIMER
l Logic design using gates
Figure 03 Two Implementations of a Half-Adder
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SECTION 0.2: DIGITAL PRIMER
Figure 04 Block Diagram of a Half-Adder
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SECTION 0.2: DIGITAL PRIMER
Figure 05 Full-Adder Built from a Half-Adder
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SECTION 0.2: DIGITAL PRIMER
Figure 06 3-Bit Adder Using 3 Full-Adders
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SECTION 0.2: DIGITAL PRIMER
Figure 07 Address Decoders
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SECTION 0.2: DIGITAL PRIMER
Figure 08 D Flip-Flops
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SECTION 0.3: INSIDE THE COMPUTER
l Some important terminology
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SECTION 0.3: INSIDE THE COMPUTER
l Internal organization of computers
Figure 09 Inside the Computer
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SECTION 0.3: INSIDE THE COMPUTER
l More about the data bus
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SECTION 0.3: INSIDE THE COMPUTER
l More about the address bus
Figure 010 Internal Organization of Computers
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SECTION 0.3: INSIDE THE COMPUTER
l Inside CPUs
Figure 011Internal Block Diagram of a CPU
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SECTION 0.3: INSIDE THE COMPUTER
l Internal working of computers
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Next
l Lecture Problems Textbook Chapter 0 Answer as many questions as you can and
submit via MeL before the end of the lecture.(HINT: Do the easy questions first)
l Proteus Exercise Textbook Chapter 0 Do as much of the Proteus exercise as you can
and submit via MeL before the end of the lecture.