Chapter 01 The Quantum Theory of the Submicroscopic Worldtestbankcollege.eu/sample/Test-Bank-University-Chemis… · Web viewChapter 01. The Quantum Theory of the Submicroscopic

Full file at http://TestbankCollege.eu/Test-Bank-University-Chemistry-1st-Edition-Brian-Lair

Chapter 01The Quantum Theory of the Submicroscopic World

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What is the wavelength of radiation that has a frequency of 6.912 1014 s-1? A. 1.447 10-15 nmB. 4.337 102 nmC. 2.304 106 nmD. 2.074 1023 nmE. 4.337 10-7 nm

Category: Easy

2. What is the wavelength of radiation that has a frequency of 2.10 1014 s -1? A. 6.30 1022 mB. 7.00 102 nmC. 7.00 105 mD. 1.43 10-6 mE. 3.00 108 m

Category: Easy

3. Calculate the frequency of visible light having a wavelength of 486 nm. A. 2.06 1014 /sB. 2.06 106 /sC. 6.17 1014 /sD. 1.20 10-15 /sE. 4.86 10-7 /s

Category: Easy

1-1


4. Calculate the frequency of visible light having a wavelength of 686 nm. A. 4.37 1014 /sB. 4.37 105 /sC. 6.17 1014 /sD. 2.29 10-15 /sE. 2.29 10-6 /s

Category: Easy

5. What is the energy in joules of one photon of microwave radiation with a wavelength 0.122 m? A. 2.70 10-43 JB. 5.43 10-33 JC. 1.63 10-24 JD. 4.07 10-10 JE. 2.46 109 J

Category: Medium

6. What is the energy in joules of a mole of photons associated with visible light of wavelength 486 nm? A. 6.46 10-16 JB. 6.46 10-25 JC. 2.46 10-4 JD. 12.4 kJE. 246 kJ

Category: Medium

1-2


7. What is the energy in joules of a mole of photons associated with red light of wavelength 7.00 102 nm? A. 256 kJB. 1.71 105 JC. 4.72 10-43 JD. 12.4 kJE. 2.12 1042 J

Category: Medium

8. What is the binding energy (in J/mol or kJ/mol) of an electron in a metal for which the threshold frequency for photoelectrons is 2.50 1014 /s? A. 99.7 kJ/molB. 1.66 10-19 J/molC. 2.75 10-43 J/molD. 7.22 1017 kJ/molE. 1.20 10-6 J/mol

Category: Medium

9. Complete this sentence: Atoms emit visible and ultraviolet light A. as electrons jump from lower energy levels to higher levels.B. as the atoms condense from a gas to a liquid.C. as electrons jump from higher energy levels to lower levels.D. as they are heated and the solid melts to form a liquid.E. as the electrons move about the atom within an orbit.

Category: Easy

1-3


10. Calculate the energy, in joules, required to excite a hydrogen atom by causing an electronic transition from the n = 1 to the n = 4 principal energy level. Recall that the energy levels of the H atom are given by En = -2.18 10-18 J(1/n2) A. 2.07 10-29 JB. 2.19 105 JC. 2.04 10-18 JD. 3.27 10-17 JE. 2.25 10-18 J

Category: Medium

11. Calculate the wavelength, in nanometers, of the light emitted by a hydrogen atom when its electron falls from the n = 7 to the n = 4 principal energy level. Recall that the energy levels of the H atom are given by En = -2.18 10-18 J(1/n2) A. 4.45 10-20 nmB. 2.16 10-6 nmC. 9.18 10-20 nmD. 1.38 1014 nmE. 2.16 103 nm

Category: Medium

12. Calculate the frequency of the light emitted by a hydrogen atom during a transition of its electron from the n = 6 to the n = 3 principal energy level. Recall that for hydrogenEn = -2.18 10-18 J(1/n2). A. 1.64 1015 /sB. 9.13 1013 /sC. 3.65 1014 /sD. 1.82 10-19 /sE. 2.74 1014/s

Category: Medium

1-4


13. Calculate the frequency of the light emitted by a hydrogen atom during a transition of its electron from the n = 4 to the n = 1 principal energy level. Recall that for hydrogenEn = -2.18 10 -18 J(1/n2) A. 3.08 1015 /sB. 1.03 108 /sC. 2.06 1014 /sD. 1.35 10-51 /sE. 8.22 1014 /s

Category: Medium

14. Calculate the wavelength of the light emitted by a hydrogen atom during a transition of its electron from the n = 4 to the n = 1 principal energy level. Recall that for hydrogenEn = -2.18 10-18 J(1/n2) A. 97.2 nmB. 82.6 nmC. 365 nmD. 0.612 nmE. 6.8 10-18 nm

Category: Medium

15. The second line of the Balmer series occurs at a wavelength of 486.1 nm. What is the energy difference between the initial and final levels of the hydrogen atom in this emission process? A. 2.44 1018 JB. 4.09 10-19 JC. 4.09 10-22 JD. 4.09 10-28 JE. 1.07 10-48 J

Category: Medium

1-5


16. In an electron microscope, electrons are accelerated to great velocities. Calculate the wavelength of an electron traveling with a velocity of 7.0 103 kilometers per second. The mass of an electron is 9.1 10-28 g. A. 1.0 10-13 mB. 1.0 10-7 mC. 1.0 mD. 1.0 10-10 m

Category: Medium

17. Calculate the wavelength associated with a 20Ne+ ion moving at a velocity of 2.0 105 m/s. The atomic mass of Ne-20 is 19.992 amu. A. 1.0 10-13 mB. 1.0 10-16 mC. 1.0 10-18 mD. 9.7 1012 mE. 2.0 10-13 cm

Category: Medium

18. Calculate the wavelength of a neutron that has a velocity of 200 cm/s. (The mass of a neutron = 1.675 10-27 kg.) A. 1.98 10-9 mB. 216 nmC. 1.8 1050 mD. 198 nmE. 5.05 mm

Category: Medium

1-6


19. A common way of initiating certain chemical reactions with light involves the generation of free halogen atoms in solution. If H for the reaction Cl2(g) 2Cl(g) is 242.8 kJ/mol, what is the longest wavelength of light that will produce free chlorine atoms in solution? A. 246.3 nmB. 465.2 nmC. 349.3 nmD. 698.6 nmE. 492.6 nm

Category: Difficult

20. The longest wavelength of light that causes electrons to be ejected from the surface of a copper plate is 243 nm. What is the maximum velocity of the electrons ejected when light of wavelength 200 nm shines on a copper plate? A. 1.48 106 m/sB. 6.22 105 m/sC. 4.67 104 m/sD. 1.97 104 m/sE. 1.34 106 m/s

Category: Difficult

21. When photons with a wavelength of 310 nm strike a magnesium plate, the maximum velocity of the ejected electrons is 3.45 105 m/s. Calculate the binding energy of electrons to the magnesium surface. A. 386 kJ/molB. 419 kJ/molC. 32.7 kJ/molD. 321 kJ/molE. 353 kJ/mol

Category: Difficult

1-7


22. Electrons can be used to probe the arrangement of atoms on a solid surface if the wavelength of the electrons is comparable with the spacing between the atoms. Which of the following electron velocities would be appropriate for use in this application if the atoms are separated by 0.320 nm? A. 2.27 106 m/sB. 1.24 103 m/sC. 3.00 108 m/sD. 4.41 106 m/sE. 8.06 103 m/s

Category: Difficult

23. A single pulse of a laser yields an average of 5.00 1018 photons with = 633 nm. If melting ice to water at 0C requires 6.01 kJ/mol, what is the fewest number of laser pulses need to melt 10.0 g of ice? A. 3830B. 3340C. 38300D. 2120E. 212

Category: Difficult

24. Which one of the following sets of quantum numbers is not possible?

A. Choice AB. Choice BC. Choice CD. Choice DE. Choice E

Category: Medium

1-8


25. Electrons in an orbital with l = 3 are in a/an A. d orbital.B. f orbital.C. g orbital.D. p orbital.E. s orbital.

Category: Easy

26. The number of orbitals in a d subshell is A. 1B. 2C. 3D. 5E. 7

Category: Easy

27. How many orbitals are allowed in a subshell if the angular momentum quantum number for electrons in that subshell is 3? A. 1B. 3C. 5D. 7E. 9

Category: Medium

1-9


28. The electron in a hydrogen atom falls from an excited energy level to the ground state in two steps, causing the emission of photons with wavelengths of 2624 and 97.2 nm. What is the quantum number of the initial excited energy level from which the electron falls? A. 2B. 3C. 4D. 6E. 8

Category: Difficult

29. The electron in a hydrogen atom falls from an excited energy level to the ground state in two steps, causing the emission of photons with wavelengths of 1870 and 102.5 nm. What is the quantum number of the initial excited energy level from which the electron falls? A. 2B. 3C. 4D. 6E. 8

Category: Difficult

30. When the electron in a hydrogen atom falls from the n = 3 excited energy level to the ground state energy level, a photon with wavelength is emitted. An electron having this same wavelength would have a velocity of A. 7.10 103 m/sB. 2.93 106 m/sC. 2.93 103 m/sD. 7.10 m/sE. 3.00 108 m/s

Category: Medium

1-10


31. When the electron in a hydrogen atom falls from its first excited energy level to the ground state energy level, a photon with wavelength is emitted. An proton having this same wavelength would have a velocity of A. 3.87 m/sB. 5990 m/sC. 1.21 107 m/sD. 3.26 m/sE. 5.99 m/s

Category: Medium

32. Breaking the oxygen-oxygen bond in hydrogen peroxide requires 210 kJ/mol. What is the longest wavelength of light that can cause this bond to be broken? A. 5.7 104 mB. 9.5 1031 mC. 2.8 107 mD. 9.5 1028 mE. 5.7 107 m

Category: Medium

33. The zeros of the function are best described as: A. the z-axis, the xy plane, the origin and a sphere at r = 6ao/ZB. the z-axis, the xz plane, the origin and a sphere at r = 6ao/ZC. the z-axis, the yz plane, the origin and a sphere at r = 6ao/ZD. the z-axis, the xy plane, and a sphere at r = 6ao/Z

Category: Medium

34. These nodes are best described as: A. the yz plane, and a sphere at r = 6ao/ZB. the yz plane, the xy plane, and a sphere at r = 6ao/ZC. the xy plane, and a sphere at r = 6ao/ZD. the xz plane, and a sphere at r = 6ao/Z

Category: Medium

1-11


35. This orbital has: A. 2 angular nodes and 2 radial nodesB. l = 3 and ml = 2C. 3 and l = 0D. 1 angular node and 2 radial nodesE. 1 angular node and 1 radial nodeF. n = 3 and l = 1G. b and d are trueH. e and f are true

Category: Medium

36. The zeros of the function are distinct from the nodes of the orbital because the: A. wavefunction is described with polar coordinatesB. nodes are surfaces in space where the wavefunction's value is zeroC. nodes are surfaces in space such that the wavefunction changes sign from one side of that surface to anotherD. nodes are surfaces that are mathematically constructed from zeros of the functionE. all of the aboveF. a and b onlyG. b, c and d only

Category: Medium

37. The zeros of the function are best described as: A. the z-axis, the xy plane, the xz plane and the originB. the z-axis, the yz plane, the xy plane, and the originC. the z-axis, the xz plane, the originD. the z-axis, the xy plane, and a sphere at r = 6ao/Z

Category: Medium

1-12


38. These nodes are best described as: A. the yz plane, and the z-axisB. the yz plane, the xy plane, and the originC. the yz plane, and the xy planeD. the xz plane, and a sphere at r = 6ao/Z

Category: Medium

39. This orbital has: A. 2 angular nodes and 1 radial nodesB. l = 3 and ml = 2C. n = 3 and l = 0D. 1 angular node and 1 radial nodesE. 2 angular node and 0 radial nodeF. n = 3 and l = 1G. c and e are trueH. e and f are true

Category: Medium

40. What kind of orbital is ? A. 2py

B. 3dz2

C. 3dxz

D. 4dxy

Category: Medium

1-13


41. Schrodinger's equation for radial wavefunctions can be approximated as:

Where R is the wavefunction, m and e are the mass and charge on the electron respectively, Z is the charge on the nucleus and ħ = h/2. If the 1s orbital is , calculate it's energy.

Remember:

A.

B.

C.

D.

Category: Hard

Short Answer Questions

42. Calculate the energy of a photon of light with a wavelength of 360 nm.

5.5 10 -19 J

Category: Medium

1-14


43. With regard to electron behavior, what happens when light is absorbed or emitted by an atom?

The electrons move between orbitals.

Category: Easy

44. The colors of the visible spectrum are red, orange, yellow, green, blue, and violet. Of these colors, ________ has the most energy.

violet

Category: Easy

45. The colors of the visible spectrum are red, orange, yellow, green, blue, and violet. Of these colors, ______ has the least energy.

red

Category: Easy

46. What is the wavelength, in meters, of an alpha particle with a kinetic energy of8.0 10-13 J. [mass of an alpha particle = 4.00150 u; 1 u = 1.67 10-27 kg]?

6.4 10-15 m

Category: Medium

1-15


47. What is the wavelength of a ball bearing with a mass of 10.0 g, and a velocity of 10.0 cm/s?

6.63 10-22 nm

Category: Medium

48. The bonds of oxygen molecules are broken by sunlight. The minimum energy required to break the oxygen-oxygen bond is 495 kJ/mol. What is the wavelength of sunlight that can cause this bond breakage?

242 nm

Category: Medium

49. What is the key to showing that the Bohr radius fulfills the relationship: ?

recognize that E is independent of r so that ao must satisfy:

Category: Difficult

1-16


50. Orthogonality is an important characteristic of wavefunctions that is expressed

mathematically as: when the integral is taken over all space. As a practical matter, orthogonal wavefunctions have no net overlap. Demonstrate this for all of the particle in a box wavefunctions.

for all m2n2 from integral tables and this equals 0 in all cases as the sin function is 0 at the limits.

Category: Difficult

51. Normalization is an important characteristic of wavefunctions that is expressed

mathematically as: when the integral is taken over all space. As a practical matter, this condition reflect the observation that the orbital (as defined by 4 unique quantum numbers) contains a single electron. The square of the wavefunction is interpreted as being the probability density of the electron. What is the probability of finding an electron in between 0 and L/3 in a box as a function of the energy level n?

which equals 1/3 for all n divisible by 3 and in the limit of large n.

Category: Difficult

1-17


52. Transitions between quantum states are expressed mathematically as:

for a vector r when the integral is taken over all space. Solutions to this sort of integral provide "selection rules" that give relationships between quantum numbers for allowed or disallowed transitions. Demonstrate that the selection rules for the particle in a box wavefunction allow for transitions when the difference in quantum numbers is odd.

an odd integral over the range unless m-n is odd.

Explicitly, (integrating by parts)

The first term is 0 per problem 12 and the integral terms provide cos functions that are nonzero when the limits are applied only when m-n is odd.

Category: Difficult

1-18


53. Following the previous question, what is the relationship between the intensity of a transition and the energy?

Explicitly,

which gives for intensity and so that intensity decreases at larger m, n and energy is greatest for largest difference in n, m.

Category: Difficult

True / False Questions

54. The Bohr model of the hydrogen atom found its greatest support in experimental work on the photoelectric effect. FALSE

Category: Medium

55. An electron in a 3p orbital could have a value of 2 for its angular momentum quantum number (l). FALSE

Category: Medium

1-19


56. According to de Broglie's equation, the wavelength associated with the motion of a particle increases as the particle mass decreases. TRUE

Category: Easy

57. The frequency of the emitted light from a cesium atom is an intensive property. TRUE

Category: Easy

1-20

Documents

Chapter 01 The Quantum Theory of the Submicroscopic Worldtestbankcollege.eu/sample/Test-Bank-University-Chemis… · Web viewChapter 01. The Quantum Theory of the Submicroscopic