Chapter 1

An Introduction to Public Speaking A. Chulamani Chantarawandi

A.Autcha Sudhankitara (A.JIG)www.caad.au.edu ---> CA2003

CA2003 Presentation Technique

The course material is for non-commercial use only.Any public display, adaptation and distribution of the material is not allowed for any purposes.

Objectives• Speakers should be able to understand the

importance of public speaking and to explain the definitions of communication, levels of communication, elements of communication and critical practice of public speaker.

Why Study Public Speaking?

• Personal Benefits• Professional Benefits• Public Benefits

Personal Benefits

• Public speaking can help you acquire skill important to your success in college.

• Public speaking can help build your confidence.• Public speaking can help you become more

knowledgeable.

Professional Benefits• Many studies provide a strong relationship between

communication competence and career success.

• Communication skills are approved at the top of the list as the most important consideration in hiring an employee.

Professional Benefits (cont.)

• Oral communication plays a critical role in your professional life.

• This course will instruct you in two vital skills: public speaking and listening.

Public Benefits

• Public speaking can help you play your role as a member of society. It helps creating and sustaining a society of informed, active citizens.

Definitions of Communication

The process of sharingmeaning by sending

and receiving symbolic cues

Communicate comes from the Latin verb

communicare, meaningto make common to many,

share, impart, divide.

The Triangle of Meaning

Interpretator (Speaker or Listener)

Symbol Referent

George L. Grice, John F. Skinner., (2013) Mastering Public Speaking. 8 th ed., pp.5

Interpreter

• Any person using symbols to send or receive messages.

• It refers to both the sender and the receiver.

Symbols

• Anything to which people attach meaning.

• It can be pictures, drawings, or objects.• Colors can even function as symbols.

Authority

• The object or idea each interpreter attaches to a symbol.

• The referent depends on each individual’s knowledge and experience.

Referent

Referent

Referent

Referent

Referent

Referent

Words and other symbols

have no inherent meaning.

People have meaning;

words do not.

Communication is clearest when the interpreters involved attach similar referent to the message being communicated.

Levels of Communication

1. Intrapersonal2. Interpersonal3. Group4. Public5. Mass

Intrapersonal Communication

Cognition or thought;

communicating with

oneself.

Interpersonal Communication

Communication between

individuals in pairs; also called

dyadic communication.

Online instant message between you and your friend

Group Communication

Three or more

people interacting

and influencing one

another to pursue

a common goal.

Public Communication

One person communicating

face to face with an audience.

Mass Communication

One person or group

communicating to a large

audience through some

print or electronic medium.

• Communication is a simultaneous process in which people interact with and through symbols over time to create meaning.

• People send and receive message concurrently. When one is listening, one is simultaneously expressing one’s thoughts and feelings nonverbally.

• Communication is we-oriented rather than me-oriented.

Elements of Communication

Elements of Communication

George L. Grice, John F. Skinner., (2013) Mastering Public Speaking. 8 th ed., pp.11

Speaker • The job of speaker is to encode or translate ideas and images in his/her mind.

• Speaker creates verbal or nonverbal symbol (a code) that listener can recognize.

Elements of Communication

Me

ssa

ge

Elements of Communication

• Message is the ideas communicated.

• If a speaker has trouble finding words to convey his/her ideas or sends contradictory nonverbal cues, listeners may not be able to decode or translate verbal/nonverbal symbols into his/her ideas.

Listener

Elements of Communication

• Receiver is the individual audience.• The decoding of the message will rely

on his/her own particular blend of past experience, attitudes, beliefs, and values.

• To achieve the goal in public speaking, speaker should be receiver- or audience- centered.

Feedback

• Feedback includes all messages, verbal and nonverbal, sent by listeners to speakers.

• It can be the facial expressions, nods, murmurs of the audience.

• Skillful public speakers adjust their rate of speaking, volume, vocabulary, and other variables to communicate their message successfully.

Elements of Communication

Channel

Elements of Communication

Channel is the medium that a message is transmitted from sender to receiver.•There are two channels: visual and auditory:Visual: Receiver sees the speaker’s nonverbal cues and/or visual aids and decode them.Auditory: Receiver hears words and/or vocal cues and decode them.

Elements of Communication

Environment

1. The occasion during which the communication occurs (why people are gather)

2. Social context; The larger social context which the communication take place

3. The physical setting where the communication occurs (size of the room, number of people, seating arrangement, form of noise, light, and etc.)

Elements of Communication

Noise Noise is anything that interferes the message.Some noise is always present:1.Physical noise is distractions originating in the communication environment.2.Physiological noise is distractions originating in the bodies of communicators.3.Psychological noise is distractions originating in the thoughts of communicators.

The Public Speaker as Critical Thinker

• Critical Thinking– The logical, reflective examination of

information and ideas to determine what to believe or do.

Critical Thinking Skills

Arrange information4. Organizing

Store and retrieve information3. Remembering

Formulate questions, collect data

2. Information Gathering

Define problems, set goals,select information

1. Focusing

enables you to. . .This skill. . .

Critical Thinking Skills

Assess the quality of ideas8.Evaluating

Combine, summarize, and restructure information

7.Integrating

Use prior knowledge6.Generating

Clarify existing information5. Analyzing

enables you to. . .This skill. . .

…continued

What’s The Take Home Message?

• Public speaking skills can help you personally, professionally, publicly

• Communication is the process of shared meaning• There are five levels of communication• There are seven elements of communication• Public speaking exercises eight critical thinking

skills

INDIVIDUAL SPEECHINDIVIDUAL SPEECH

A Compilation by A. Chulamani Chantarwandi as students’ supplements for CA2003 Presentation Technique (2013). Intended for Non-Commercial Use Only.

CA2003 PRESENTATION TECHNIQUECA2003 PRESENTATION TECHNIQUE

INDIVIDUAL SPEECHCA2003 Presentation Technique

Self-Introductory Speech (3 minutes)

Task: Select an object that relates to your background, personality, values, ambitions, etc. and use it to introduce yourself. Bring your selected item for your presentation.

Methods: Extemporaneous + Object

Submit: Speech Script (A4 Size Paper)

Due: January 14th, 16th, 2013

•No Script = No Grade *

•Late Submission = 50% Deduction of Total Score

INDIVIDUAL SPEECHCA2003 Presentation Technique

Speech Evaluation (5%)

Relationship (speaker and object) 2.5 %

Delivery 1.5 %

Object Display 1%