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Chapter 1Chapter 1
Principles of Electric Circuits, Conventional Flow, 9th ed. © WS 2010
Principles of Electric Circuit
207 MDE2010/2011 - 1431/1432
Winter semester 311
Tarek ElsarnagawyProf. assc. Dr. Ing.
Tel.: 4735277 – 497 or 516Office hours:
Email: [email protected]://faculty.ksu.edu.sa/elsarnagawy/default.aspx
Lecture # 1
Chapter 1Chapter 1
Principles of Electric Circuits, Conventional Flow, 9th ed. © WS 2010
Textbook
Principles of Electric Circuits: Conventional• Current Version, 9/E
Thomas L. Floyd
• ISBN-10: 013507309XISBN-13: 9780135073094
• Publisher: Prentice HallCopyright: 2010Format: Cloth; 992 ppPublished: 03/05/2009
Chapter 1Chapter 1
Principles of Electric Circuits, Conventional Flow, 9th ed. © WS 2010
Evaluation and assessment
• Assignments 5%
• Seminars/oral 5%
• Quizzes 5%
• Mid term 15%
• Practical/lab 30%
• Final 40%
Chapter 1Chapter 1
Principles of Electric Circuits, Conventional Flow, 9th ed. © WS 2010
Passive & Active components
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Welcome to the Principles of Electric Circuits. You will study important ideas that are used in electronics. You may already be familiar with a few of the important parts used in electronic circuits. Resistors are introduced in Chapter 2.
•Resistors Color bands
Resistance material(carbon composition)
Insulation coating
Leads
Passive Components
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Passive Components
•Capacitors MicaFoil
FoilMica
Foil
FoilMica
Foil
Tantalum electrolytic capacitor (polarized)
Mica capacitor_
Capacitors will be introduced in Chapter 12.
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•Inductors
Passive Components
Inductors will be introduced in Chapter 13.
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•Transformers
Transformers will be introduced in Chapter 14.
Passive Components
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•Transistors
Active Components
•Integrated Circuits
Passive components are used in conjunction with active components to form an electronic system. Active components will be the subject of future courses.
Chapter 1Chapter 1
Principles of Electric Circuits, Conventional Flow, 9th ed. © WS 2010 -Elsarnagawy
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Quantities and UnitsQuantities and Units
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International System of Units “System International d’Unites”
SI Fundamental Units
Length Mass
Time
Electric current
Temperature
Luminous intensity
Amount of substance
Quantity Unit Symbol
Meter m
Kilogram kg
Second s
Ampere A
Kelvin K
Candela cd
Mole mol
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Some Important Electrical Units
CurrentCharge
Voltage
Resistance
Power
Ampere A
Coulomb C
Volt V
Ohm Watt W
Except for current, all electrical and magnetic units are derived from the fundamental units. Current is a fundamental unit.
Quantity Unit Symbol
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Some Important Magnetic Units
All magnetic units are derived from the fundamental units. These units are discussed in Chapter 10.
Magnetic field intensity H
Magnetic flux Magnetic flux density B
Magnetomotive force Fm
Permeability
Ampere-turns/meter At/m
Weber Wb
Tesla T
Ampere-turn At
Webers/ampere-turns-meter Wb/At.m
Ampere-turns/weber At/WbReluctance R
Quantity Symbol Unit Symbol
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Very large and very small numbers are represented with scientific and engineering notation.
Scientific and Engineering Notation
47,000,000 = 4.7 x 107 (Scientific Notation)
= 47. x 106 (Engineering Notation)
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0.000 027 = 2.7 x 10-5 (Scientific Notation)
= 27 x 10-6 (Engineering Notation)
0.605 = 6.05 x 10-1 (Scientific Notation)
= 605 x 10-3 (Engineering Notation)
Scientific and Engineering Notation
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Engineering Metric Prefixes
peta
tera
giga
mega
kilo
1015
1012
109
106
103
P
T
G
M
k
Can you name the prefixes and their meaning?
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Engineering Metric Prefixes
10-3
10-6
10-9
10-12
10-15
milli
micro
nano
pico
femto
m
n
p
f
Can you name the prefixes and their meaning?
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When converting from a larger unit to a smaller unit, move the decimal point to the right. Remember, a smaller unit means the number must be larger.
Metric Conversions
0.47 M = 470 k
Larger number
Smaller unit
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When converting from a smaller unit to a larger unit, move the decimal point to the left. Remember, a larger unit means the number must be smaller.
Metric Conversions
10,000 pF = 0.01 F
Smaller number
Larger unit
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When adding or subtracting numbers with a metric prefix, convert them to the same prefix first.
Metric Arithmetic
10,000 + 22 k =
10,000 + 22,000 = 32,000
Alternatively,
10 k + 22 k = 32 k
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When adding or subtracting numbers with a metric prefix, convert them to the same prefix first.
Metric Arithmetic
200 + 1.0 mA =
200 A + 1,000 A = 12,000 A
Alternatively,
0.200 m + 1.0 mA = 1.2 mA
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Most work in electronics involves measurements, which always have error. You should report only digits that are reasonably assumed to be accurate.
Significant Figures
The rules for determining if a reported digit is significant are
1. Nonzero digits are always considered to be significant.2. Zeros to the left of the first nonzero digit are never significant.3. Zeros between nonzero digits are always significant. 4. Zeros to the right of the decimal point for a decimal number
are significant.5. Zeros to the left of the decimal point with a whole number
may or may not be significant depending on the measurement.
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Significant Figures
1. Nonzero digits are always considered to be significant.
2. Zeros to the left of the first nonzero digit are never significant.
3. Zeros between nonzero digits are always significant.
4. Zeros to the right of the decimal point for a decimal number are significant.
5. Zeros to the left of the decimal point with a whole number may or may not be significant depending on the measurement.
152.71
0.0938
10.05
5.100
5100.
Looking at the rule, decide how many significant figures in each of the examples, which are given with a rule:
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Quiz
1. A resistor is an example of
a. a passive component
b. an active component
c. an electrical circuit
d. all of the above
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Quiz
2. The electrical unit that is fundamental is the
a. volt
b. ohm
c. coulomb
d. ampere
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Quiz
3. In scientific notation, the number 0.000 56 is written
a. 5.6 x 104
b. 5.6 x 10-4
c. 56 x 10-5
d. 560 x 10-6
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Quiz
4. In engineering notation, the number 0.000 56 is written
a. 5.6 x 104
b. 5.6 x 10-4
c. 56 x 10-5
d. 560 x 10-6
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Quiz
5. The metric prefix nano means
a. 10-3
b. 10-6
c. 10-9
d. 10-12
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Quiz
6. The metric prefix pico means
a. 10-3
b. 10-6
c. 10-9
d. 10-12
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Quiz
7. The number 2700 MW can be written
a. 2.7 TW
b. 2.7 GW
c. 2.7 kW
d. 2.7 mW
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Quiz
8. The value 68 k is equal to
a. 6.8 x 104
b. 68, 000
c. 0.068 M
d. All of the above
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Quiz
9. The sum of 330 mW + 1.5 W is
a. 331.5 mW
b. 3.35 W
c. 1.533 W
d. 1.83 W
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Quiz
10. The quantity 200 V is the same as
a. 0.000 200 V
b. 20 mV
c. 0.2 V
d. all of the above